CN114114053B - Method for measuring life state of battery of hybrid vehicle - Google Patents
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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Abstract
A method of measuring a hybrid vehicle battery life condition comprising the steps of: obtaining the current charging internal resistance R of the battery c And internal resistance of discharge R d The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Extracting a maximum charging current value I usable by a battery system max_c And maximum discharge current value I max_d The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating to obtain battery charge polarization eta c Discharge electrode eta d The sum of polarizations η; dividing the battery polarization sum eta by the maximum polarization sum eta allowable by the battery system max Obtaining a polarization degree value S; and obtaining a battery health factor from the polarization degree value by using the designed polarization degree value and health factor mapping set, wherein the battery health factor is used for measuring the life state of the battery system. According to the method, a suitable evaluation method of the battery health degree is customized according to the use characteristics of the hybrid vehicle, the output value is regulated and controlled by designing a suitable mapping set, and the output value is matched with the habit of a user or a new evaluation system is established by self-definition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy battery application, in particular to a method for measuring the life state of a battery of a hybrid vehicle.
Background
In the new energy vehicle, a power system of the hybrid power vehicle is composed of a battery system and a fuel system. Among them, the power performance of the battery system is one of the key parameters affecting the dynamics of the vehicle. When the power of the battery is insufficient, the problems of insufficient power, increased oil consumption and the like can occur. The method is different from the method that the pure electric vehicle adopts the available capacity retention rate as a main reference basis for evaluating the health state of the battery, the available capacity retention rate of the hybrid vehicle is difficult to evaluate due to different use states of charge intervals, and the health evaluation of the battery system needs to adopt different evaluation methods. Parameters commonly used for evaluating hybrid vehicle batteries include internal resistance, power, energy efficiency, and the like.
However, the on-line estimation of the internal resistance is generally larger in error and greatly influenced by the temperature of the battery and the time length of the measured pulse current, and often the on-line estimation condition cannot reach the same condition as that of the off-line testing method of the internal resistance of the new battery, so that the on-line estimated internal resistance is not comparable with the internal resistance value of the new battery, and the increase rate of the internal resistance cannot be accurately measured, thereby the on-line internal resistance value in the state of needing to store the new vehicle is caused, and the use of the method on the old vehicle is limited; the power is used as an evaluation parameter, some evaluation methods need to use charge and discharge equipment, some require to test the mapping relation between SOP and a plurality of parameters in advance, and some require to test a plurality of performances of the battery offline; the energy efficiency is adopted to evaluate the state of health of the battery, and is influenced by the use condition of the vehicle, when the discharge and recharge current values of the battery change, the energy efficiency changes due to the different battery polarization caused by the current, so that the estimated value fluctuates, and when the temperature corresponding to the selected voltage data is different, the fluctuation of the energy efficiency is also caused.
In addition, the publication number CN111983460A is a method for detecting the working health state of a lithium ion battery for a hybrid electric vehicle, and the method is mainly used for realizing the evaluation of the health state of the battery by calculating the ratio of the actual power to the ideal power of the vehicle and combining the corresponding relation between parameters such as SOC, temperature and the like and the health state obtained by the experience of engineers to train a neural network; the method needs to store data in advance for training the neural network, models among different batteries of different vehicles are different, and universality is not strong. To this end, we provide a method of measuring the life status of a hybrid vehicle battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for measuring the life state of a battery of a hybrid vehicle, which aims to overcome the defects of inaccurate and unstable evaluation of the health degree of the battery of the hybrid vehicle caused by incomparability of internal resistance estimation and off-line internal resistance of a battery system of the existing new energy vehicle, inaccurate power estimation, unstable energy efficiency estimation result and the like.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method of measuring a hybrid vehicle battery life condition comprising the steps of:
step one: obtaining the current charging internal resistance R of the battery c And internal resistance of discharge R d ；
Step two: extracting a maximum charging current value I usable by a battery system max_c And maximum discharge current value I max_d ；
Step three: calculating to obtain battery charge polarization eta c Discharge electrode eta d The sum of polarizations η;
step four: dividing the battery polarization sum eta by the maximum polarization sum eta allowable by the battery system max Obtaining a polarization degree value S;
step five: and obtaining a battery health factor from the polarization degree value by using the designed polarization degree value and health factor mapping set, wherein the battery health factor is used for measuring the life state of the battery system.
In a preferred embodiment, the internal resistance R c And the internal resistance R of the discharge d The method is obtained by constructing a battery model and implementing on-line battery diagnosis and estimation.
In this embodiment, the internal resistance R of charging c And the internal resistance R of the discharge d The internal resistance values which are comparable with the offline internal resistance test are respectively adopted, and the current duration time and the current value adopted in online estimation are kept consistent with the corresponding values in the offline test.
In this embodiment, the charge polarization η c And the discharge electrode eta d The method is obtained by the following formulas (1) and (2): η (eta) c = I max_c * R c —（1），η d = I max_d * R d -2; the sum of polarizations η=η c + η d 。
In a preferred embodiment, when the internal resistance R is charged c And the internal resistance R of the discharge d Internal resistance values which are not comparable with the offline internal resistance test are respectively the charging internal resistance R c And the internal resistance R of the discharge d Is obtained by constructing a battery equivalent circuit model for identification.
In this embodiment, the charge polarization η c And the discharge electrode eta d The values are obtained by the following formulas (a 1) and (a 2), respectively: η (eta) c = V max_c -OCV—（a1），η d = OCV-V max_d - (a 2) wherein V max_c And V max_d To make the maximum charge and discharge current value I available for the battery system max_c 、I max_d The duration time t inputs a corresponding voltage simulation value output by the model, and the OCV is a corresponding open-circuit voltage value obtained through battery model identification; the sum of polarizations η=η c + η d 。
In a preferred embodiment, the maximum polarization sum η of the fourth step max = V up -V low Wherein V is up Upper limit of charging voltage for battery, V low Is the lower limit of the discharge voltage of the battery.
In a preferred embodiment, the maximum charging current value I max_c And the maximum discharge current value I max_d The maximum charging current and the maximum discharging current which can be born by the battery cell obtained in the battery specification or through off-line test, or the maximum charging current and the maximum discharging current which occur in the use process of the vehicle in the vehicle-mounted state.
In a preferred embodiment, the mapping set in the fifth step is a data matrix or a mapping relationship obtained through training and learning of data of a neural network and a support vector machine.
From the above description of the invention, it is clear that the invention has the following advantages over the prior art:
1. according to the method, an evaluation method of the battery health degree suitable for the hybrid vehicle is customized according to the use characteristics of the hybrid vehicle, the output value is regulated and controlled by designing a proper mapping set, and the output value is matched with the habit of a user or a new evaluation system is established by self definition.
2. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of less time consumption in the calculation process, suitability for online estimation and strong universality, can clearly know the health attenuation conditions of the new energy vehicle battery and the new loading condition, and solves the defects of inaccurate and unstable evaluation of the health degree of the hybrid vehicle using the battery, and the like, which are caused by incomparability of the internal resistance estimation of the existing new energy vehicle battery system and the off-line internal resistance, inaccurate power estimation, unstable energy efficiency estimation result, and the like.
3. The method is suitable for various vehicles with different ages, does not need to calibrate excessive experimental parameters offline, and compared with parameters such as internal resistance, power attenuation degree, energy efficiency and the like, the health factor related by the algorithm reflects the health degree of the battery more accurately and stably, thereby providing a new thought for the health diagnosis of the battery of the hybrid vehicle. The method can also be used for power performance health assessment of the battery of the pure electric vehicle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of mapping set S-SOL according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Numerous details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these details. Well-known components, methods and procedures are not described in detail.
A method for measuring life states of a battery of a hybrid vehicle, referring to fig. 1, specifically comprises the following steps:
step one: and (5) building a battery model and implementing online battery diagnosis.
Step two: the current charging internal resistance R of the battery is obtained through on-line estimation by diagnosis in the first step c And internal resistance of discharge R d The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein R is c 、R d On-line estimation of internal resistance values comparable to off-line internal resistance testingThe duration and the value of the current adopted in the test are consistent with the corresponding values in the off-line test.
Step three: extracting a maximum charging current value I usable by a battery system max_c And maximum discharge current value I max_d ；
Step four: obtaining battery charging polarization eta according to formulas (1) and (2) c And discharge electrode formation eta d ：
η c = I max_c * R c （1）
η d = I max_d * R d （2）
Step five: the polarization sum η is calculated according to equation (3):
η= η c + η d （3）
step six: accounting for polarization degree S according to formulas (4), (5):
S= η/ η max （4）
η max = V up -V low （5）
wherein eta max For maximum sum of polarizations, V up Upper limit of charging voltage for battery, V low Is the lower limit of the discharge voltage of the battery.
Step seven: and obtaining a battery health factor from the polarization degree value by using the designed polarization degree value and health factor mapping set, wherein the battery health factor is used for measuring the life state of the battery.
Step seven, constructing a mapping set, as shown in the following table and fig. 2:
| S | 0 | 0.4 | 0.45 | 0.5 | 0.55 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1 |
| SOL | 1 | 1 | 0.95 | 0.90 | 0.85 | 0.80 | 0.75 | 0.70 | 0.60 |
according to the table above, and in combination with fig. 2, an interpolation method is used to determine the life state according to the S value.
Additionally, in other embodiments:
when the internal resistance R of charging c And internal resistance of discharge R d When the internal resistance value is not comparable with the offline internal resistance test, the charging internal resistance R in the second step is set c And internal resistance of discharge R d The battery equivalent circuit model can also be obtained by building a battery equivalent circuit model identification, and in this case, the formulas corresponding to the charge polarization and the discharge polarization in the fourth step are as follows:
η c = V max_c -OCV （a1）
η d = OCV-V max_d （a2）
wherein V is max_c And V max_d To obtain the maximum charging current value I of the battery system max_c And maximum discharge current value I max_d The duration time t is the current pulse duration time adopted when the internal resistance is tested offline and is the voltage simulation value corresponding to the output of the input model; OCV is a corresponding open circuit voltage value obtained by battery model identification.
I in the third step max_c 、I max_d The maximum charging current and the maximum discharging current which can be born by the battery single body in the battery specification or obtained by offline test, or the maximum charging current and the maximum discharging current which occur in the use process of the vehicle in the vehicle-mounted state.
The mapping set in the seventh step may be a data matrix, or may be a mapping relationship obtained by data training and learning through a neural network, a support vector machine, or the like.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modification of the present invention by using the design concept shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method of measuring the life status of a battery of a hybrid vehicle, comprising the steps of:
step one: obtaining the current charging internal resistance R of the battery c And internal resistance of discharge R d The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The internal resistance R of charging c And the internal resistance R of the discharge d The method comprises the steps of identifying or implementing on-line battery diagnosis and estimation through a battery equivalent circuit model;
step two: extracting a maximum charging current value I usable by a battery system max_c And maximum discharge current value I max_d ；
Step three: calculating to obtain battery charge polarization eta c Discharge electrode eta d The sum of polarizations η; when the internal resistance R of charging c And the internal resistance R of the discharge d Internal resistances comparable to the off-line internal resistance test, respectivelyThe value, the current duration and the current value adopted in the diagnosis and estimation of the on-line battery are consistent with the corresponding values in the off-line test, and the charging polarization eta c And the discharge electrode eta d The method is obtained by the following formulas (1) and (2): η (eta) c = I max_c * R c —（1），η d = I max_d * R d -2, the sum of polarizations η = η c + η d The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the internal resistance R of charging c And the internal resistance R of the discharge d Internal resistance values which are not comparable with the offline internal resistance test are respectively the charging internal resistance R c And the internal resistance R of the discharge d Is obtained by constructing a battery equivalent circuit model for identification, and the charging polarization eta c And the discharge electrode eta d The values are obtained by the following formulas (a 1) and (a 2), respectively: η (eta) c = V max_c -OCV—（a1），η d = OCV-V max_d - (a 2) wherein V max_c And V max_d To make the maximum charge and discharge current value I available for the battery system max_c 、I max_d The duration time t is the current pulse duration time adopted when the internal resistance is tested offline and is the voltage simulation value corresponding to the output of the input model; OCV is the corresponding open circuit voltage value obtained through battery equivalent circuit model identification; the sum of polarizations η=η c + η d ；
Step four: dividing the battery polarization sum eta by the maximum polarization sum eta allowable by the battery system max Obtaining a polarization degree value S; maximum polarization sum eta max = V up -V low Wherein V is up Upper limit of charging voltage for battery, V low A lower limit for the battery discharge voltage;
step five: obtaining a battery health factor from the polarization degree value by using the designed polarization degree value and health factor mapping set, wherein the battery health factor is used for measuring the life state of a battery system; the polarization degree value S and health factor SOL mapping set is as follows: s=0, sol=1; s=0.4, sol=1; s=0.45, sol=0.95; s=0.5, sol=0.9; s=0.55, sol=0.85; s=0.6, sol=0.80; s=0.7, sol=0.75; s=0.8, sol=0.70; s=1, sol=0.60.
2. A method of measuring hybrid vehicle battery life status as defined in claim 1, wherein: the maximum charging current value I max_c And the maximum discharge current value I max_d The maximum charging current and the maximum discharging current which can be born by the battery cell obtained in the battery specification or through off-line test, or the maximum charging current and the maximum discharging current which occur in the use process of the vehicle in the vehicle-mounted state.
3. A method of measuring hybrid vehicle battery life status as defined in claim 1, wherein: and step five, the mapping set is a data matrix or a mapping relation obtained through data training and learning of a neural network and a support vector machine.
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