CN114113891B - Single-phase grounding fault judging method of pulse neural membrane system based on distributed population - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a single-phase grounding fault judging method of a pulse neural membrane system based on a distributed population, which aims at a power distribution network neutral point ungrounded system to establish a PSCAD/EMTDC simulation model and acquire fault data of a fault line and a non-fault line under different conditions; establishing a fault line selection model according to the fault data and the non-fault data to reflect the line fault condition; solving an objective function of the fault line selection model by using an optimized pulse neural membrane system; outputting the final optimized parameters (determining z value) to obtain P i =z·α i +(1‑z)·β i And z. Calculating P from test data i Calculated P i When the voltage is greater than the threshold value, the single-phase earth fault of the line is judged. The method has the advantages that the single-phase grounding fault of the system with the neutral point not grounded can be judged by using the pulse neural membrane system of the distributed population, the parallel calculation of multiple servers can be adopted, the judging time is shortened, and the judging accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power distribution network systems, in particular to a single-phase grounding fault judging method of a pulse neural membrane system based on a distributed population.
Background
In the power distribution network faults, single-phase earth faults account for about 80% of the total faults, and when single-phase earth faults occur, faults can be timely and accurately removed, so that fault equipment is prevented from being damaged due to long-time fault operation, and power failure accidents with larger area are avoided. There is a need for a method of quickly monitoring and identifying faulty lines that can accurately identify and ablate faulty lines. However, as the single-phase grounding fault information features are weak, the operation mode of the power distribution network is complex, the fault accuracy of single-phase grounding is difficult to be effectively improved, and a manual trial-pull method is still widely adopted for line selection in a plurality of substations, so that the fault processing efficiency is low. Therefore, the demand of effectively selecting lines for single-phase ground faults is continuously increased through the dispatching SCADA system, however, a large amount of data exists in the dispatching system, a related mathematical model is required to be established for processing a large amount of steady-state information, and fault line selection is performed through the mathematical model.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-phase grounding fault judging method of a pulse neural membrane system based on a distributed population.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a single-phase grounding fault judging method of a pulse neural membrane system based on a distributed population comprises the following steps:
s10, collecting phase current and three-phase reactive power of each phase of an ith line of a neutral point ungrounded system of the power distribution network before and after a fault; calculating the absolute value of the difference value of the phase current of each phase in the ith line before and after the fault, and selecting the maximum absolute value as the phase current variation delta I of the ith line i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the absolute value of the difference value of the three-phase reactive power of the ith line before and after the fault as the reactive power variation delta Q of the ith line i ;i=1,2,...,n;
S11, phase current variation DeltaI i And reactive power variation Δq i And (3) respectively normalizing:
wherein alpha is i And beta i Respectively normalizing the phase current variation and the reactive power variation;
s12, calculating the fault probability P of the ith line i =z·α i +(1-z)·β i Z is a weight parameter;
s13, e.g. P i If the signal is larger than the threshold value, judging that the ith line has single-phase grounding fault; the weight parameter z is obtained by training a pulse neural membrane system of a distributed population by using training set data; wherein,
the pulsed neural membrane system of the distributed population, comprising: neuron number, i, initialization probabilityProbability of variationNumber of sub-population M, number of individuals n in sub-population, total number of individuals H, migration interval M 1 Migration quantity M 2 The ith sub-population probability matrix->And binary matrix->
Training a pulsed neural membrane system of a distributed population using training set data as follows:
s20, let iteration number gen=0, maximum iteration number maxgen;
s21, if the gen is larger than or equal to maxgen, training is completed;
S22,gen=gen+1;
s23, performing cross processing;
s24, if gen is M 1 If not, continuing, otherwise, jumping to S26;
s25, information exchange processing is carried out:
s251, let i=1;
s252, if i > m, executing the following steps; otherwise, jumping to S26;
i. construction of candidate removal Individual set S g,em :
wherein,indicating removal of population P i g,em The ith individual of the g generation in ∈,>representation ofIs adapted to the value of->Representing population P i g,em Average fitness value of (a);
wherein, the euclidean distance is indicated, ESNPS g,em Is from S g,em Is a group of the individuals in the group,is an immigrating population P i g,im Average distance of (2);
constructing a matrix Dg ,im :
wherein, the euclidean distance is indicated,indicating removal of population P i g,im The ith individual of the g generation, D g,im Representing population P i g,im A matrix formed by Euclidean distances between every two of the medium individuals;
s253, let i=i+1, return to S252;
s26, performing mutation treatment;
s27, returning to S21.
The method has the advantages that the single-phase grounding fault of the system with the neutral point not grounded can be judged by using the pulse neural membrane system of the distributed population, the parallel calculation of multiple servers can be adopted, the judging time is shortened, and the judging accuracy is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a 10kV small-current grounding system distribution network simulation model built by PSCAD/EMTDC.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of a pulsed neural membrane system of a distributed population.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the trend of z values after 20 independent optimizations.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a steady-state information single-phase grounding fault line selection method of a pulse neural membrane system based on a distributed population, which aims at a power distribution network neutral point ungrounded system to establish a PSCAD/EMTDC simulation model and acquire fault data of fault lines and non-fault lines under different conditions; establishing a fault line selection model according to the fault data and the non-fault data to reflect the line fault condition; solving an objective function of the fault line selection model by using an optimized pulse neural membrane system; outputting the final optimized parameters (determining z value) to obtain P i =z·α i +(1-z)·β i And z. Calculating P from test data i Calculated P i When the voltage is greater than the threshold value, the single-phase earth fault of the line is judged. The method comprises the following steps:
a steady state information single-phase-to-earth fault line selection method of a pulse neural membrane system based on a distributed population comprises the following steps:
s10: and establishing a PSCAD/EMTDC simulation model aiming at a neutral point ungrounded system of the power distribution network, and acquiring fault data of a fault line and a non-fault line under different conditions.
S11: and establishing a fault line selection model according to the fault data and the non-fault data to reflect the line fault condition.
S111: collecting current data and reactive power data of three phases before and after a fault in a line to obtain an effective value of the component in the line, and simultaneously calculating a phase current variation delta I i Reactive power variation delta Q i I is the line number. Wherein the phase current variation ΔI i The current data of three phases in the ith line are respectively calculated absolute values of difference values of each phase before and after the fault, and the largest absolute value is taken as the phase current variation of the line.Reactive power variation delta Q i Is the absolute value of the difference between the reactive power data of the ith line before and after the fault.
S112: in a non-grounding system, the phase current and reactive power change amount change is obvious when single-phase grounding fault occurs, and the phase current and reactive power change amount can be changed
Taking the result as a line selection criterion. The normalization processing of the phase current and reactive power variation is as follows:
Wherein alpha is i And beta i The values after normalization of the phase current and reactive power variation are respectively given, and n is the total number of lines.
S113: and in order to perform fusion criteria, the line selection weights in the two variable quantities are optimized. Namely, calculating the corresponding fault probability of all feeder lines at the bus, namely P i =z·α i +(1-z)·β i Wherein P is i For the failure probability of the feeder line, z is a weight parameter that needs to be optimized. In neutral point ungrounded systems, when calculated P i If the voltage is more than 0.5, the single-phase earth fault of the line is judged.
S12: and solving an objective function of the fault line selection model by using a pulse neural membrane system of the distributed population.
Model P built at S11 i =z·α i +(1-z)·β i In, alpha i And beta i From the three-phase current data and the reactive power data, z and P are known from the calculation in S11 i Unknown, given or optimized by z-value, the corresponding P can be determined i Values. Thus, based on the three-phase current data, reactive power data and tag data f obtained from the training data set i An objective function of the impulse membrane system is established. The method is characterized in that the thinking is that the label value f of each group of data in the training set is set i And P calculated after determination of z i The sum of squares of the differences is minimal as follows:
where O_z is the final optimized z value and N is the training set data number. The training input data of the objective function is single-phase current normalized value alpha i Reactive power normalized value beta i And a failure tag value f i 。
The specific steps of optimizing parameters by using the pulse neural membrane system of the distributed population are as follows:
s121: setting the number of neurons involved in evolution as l and establishing a network frame: initializing probabilitiesProbability of variationNumber of individuals H, number of sub-populations M, number of individuals n in sub-populations, migration interval M 1 Migration quantity M 2 Iteration number gen=0, maximum iteration number max gen, ith sub-population probability matrix +.>(/>Element->Elements representing the jth row and the kth column in the ith sub-population) and a binary matrix +.>(/>Element->The table represents the elements of the j-th row and the k-th column in the i-th sub-population).
S122: the initialization population is divided into m sub-populations, each sub-population containing n individuals.
S123: if the iteration number gen is equal to or greater than maxgen, the algorithm returns to S1236.
S124:gen=gen+1。
The following steps S125-S1215 cross-process the data.
S125:i=1。
S126: if i > m, the algorithm returns to S1216.
S127:j=1。
S128: if j > n, the algorithm returns to S1215.
S129:k=1。
S1210: if k > l, the algorithm returns to S1215.
S1211: if random numbersThe algorithm performs the following two steps, otherwise the algorithm returns to S1212.
i. Of the m×n individuals, two individuals C different from the current individual j are selected k1 And C k2 C, i.e k1 ≠C k2 Not equal to j, if individual C k1 And C k2 The fitness function value f (C) k1 ) And f (C) k2 ) There is a relation f (C k1 )>f(C k2 ) Then the current individual j is directed to C k1 Learning, i.e. b k =b k1 Otherwise, the current individual j is directed to C k2 Learning, i.e. b k =b k2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein b k 、b k1 And b k2 Respectively the current individual, C k1 And C k2 The kth bit binary of the individual.
if b k =1, then the current rule probability value isOtherwise, the current rule probability value is +.>Wherein->And->The weight coefficients are respectively corresponding weight coefficients, and the value is a random number between 0.4 and 0.6.
S1213: k=k+1 and returns to S1210.
S1214: j=j+1 and returns to S128.
S1215: i=i+1 and returns to S126.
The data is cross-processed in steps S125-S1215, and the method of this embodiment may be used, or other cross-processing methods of the film system may be used. The goal of the crossover process is to maintain the diversity requirements of the entire population to enhance the ability of the algorithm to exploit the optimal values.
S1216: if gen is M 1 The algorithm returns to S1217, otherwise it returns to S1220.
Steps S1217 to S1219 below perform information exchange processing on the data.
S1217:i=1。
S1218: if i > m, the algorithm performs the following steps; otherwise, the algorithm returns to S1219;
i. according to the following formula (1), a candidate removal individual set S is constructed g,en :
wherein,indicating removal of population P i g,em The ith individual of the g generation in ∈,>representation ofIs adapted to the value of->Representing population P i g,em Is used for the average fitness value of (a).
wherein, the euclidean distance is indicated, ESNPS g,em Is from S g,em Is a group of the individuals in the group,is an immigrating population P i g,im Is a function of the average distance of (a).
Constructing a matrix D according to the following formula (3) g,im :
wherein, the euclidean distance is indicated,indicating removal of population P i g,im The ith individual of the g generation, D g,im Representing population P i g,im The euclidean distance between every two individuals.
wherein,and->The representation being from D g,im The two individuals with the shortest euclidean distance,and->Are respectively->And->Is used for the adaptation value of the (c).
S1219 i=i+1 and returns to S1218.
Steps S1217 to S1219 perform information exchange processing on the data. The information exchange process provided in this embodiment has two advantages:
(1) So that the individual learning object in the algorithm is not a single optimal value in a single direction, but a plurality of optimal values in a plurality of directions, which enhances the searching efficiency of the algorithm.
(2) The exchange of information from multiple sub-populations facilitates parallel operations for multiple servers, which will greatly reduce the time penalty of the optimization algorithm.
The following steps S1220-S1234 perform mutation processing on the data.
S1220: calculating the current global optimum G bestfit (gen), current sample diversity value DP average (gen) column labels R corresponding to the best individuals of the current generation bestfit 。
S1221: if G bestfit (gen)>G bestfit (gen-1), then let P cm1 =0; if G bestfit (gen)=G bestfit (gen-1), then causeWherein P is cm1 And G bestfit (gen-1) represents a local optimum trigger condition and a previous generation global optimum, respectively; n (N) nimaxgen > 1 and N nimaxgen E, N, i.e. taking a natural number greater than 1.
S1222: calculating sample diversity ratioWherein DP average (0) Is the initial sample diversity value.
S1223: if the trigger condition rand is satisfied at the same time 1 (.)<P cm1 And rand 2 (.)>P cm2 Continuing, otherwise, turning to S1225; wherein rand is 1 (-) and rand 2 (.) is a random number taken from between 0 and 1.
S1224:i=1。
S1225: if i > m, the algorithm returns to S1235.
S1226:j=1。
S1227: if j > n, the algorithm returns to S1225.
S1228: if j +.R bestfit ,R bestfit If the number is the optimal individual number, the process continues, otherwise, the process goes to S1324 to continue.
S1229:k=1。
S1230: if k > l, the algorithm returns to S1227.
S1331: if random free quantityThen the current rule probability value is mutated P ij (gen)=rand 4 (-) otherwise, not performing a mutation operation; the mutation operation is as follows: cross mutation is carried out on 20% of n-1 individuals except the optimal individuals in n individuals with the probability of 5%, so that a new individual population is obtained; wherein rand is 3 (-) and rand 4 (.) is a random number taken from between 0 and 1.
S1232: k=k+1 and returns to S1230.
S1233: j=j+1 and returns to S1227.
S1234: i=i+1 and returns to S1225.
S1220-S1234 performs mutation processing on the data, and the method of this embodiment can be adopted, or other mutation processing methods of the membrane system can be adopted. The mutation treatment is beneficial to strengthening the exploration capacity of the algorithm and preventing the algorithm from being in premature or locally optimal in the optimization process.
S1235: the algorithm returns to S123.
S1236: outputs f (z) and z.
S13: outputting the final optimized parameters to obtain P i =z·α i +(1-z)·β i And z. Calculating P from test data i Calculated P i When the voltage is greater than the threshold value (which can be set to 0.5), the single-phase earth fault of the line is judged.
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The 10kV small current grounding system distribution network simulation model built by using PSCAD/EMTDC is shown in figure 1, and comprises 5 lines (Line 1-Line 5), wherein the types of the lines are overhead lines, cable lines and overhead cable mixed lines. The simulation parameters associated with the model are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 simulation model parameter table
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a distributed population membrane system.
The invention adopts a distributed population structure, the total population quantity is 50, the total population is divided into 5 small populations, each sub population is independently evolved, and each sub population is mutually communicated.
FIG. 3 is a graph of the trend of z values after 20 independent optimizations.
FIG. 3 shows that after 20 independent evolutions, the average value of z is 0.4969, and the objective function P is obtained i =0.4969α i +0.5031β i . And verifying 40 groups of test data to obtain the accuracy rate of 98.79%. Therefore, the established route selection model and the parameter optimization method are feasible and effective for steady-state information single-phase grounding fault route selection.
The steady-state information single-phase earth fault line selection method based on the optimized pulse neural membrane system provided by the invention can accurately determine the optimal parameters and select the fault line on the premise of only knowing the steady-state information.
Claims (1)
1. The single-phase grounding fault judging method of the pulse neural membrane system based on the distributed population is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s10, collecting phase current and three-phase reactive power of each phase of an ith line of a neutral point ungrounded system of the power distribution network before and after a fault; calculating the absolute value of the difference value of the phase current of each phase in the ith line before and after the fault, and selecting the maximum absolute value as the phase current variation delta I of the ith line i The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the absolute value of the difference value of the three-phase reactive power of the ith line before and after the fault as the reactive power variation delta Q of the ith line i ;i=1,2,...,n;
S11, phase current variation DeltaI i And reactive power variation Δq i And (3) respectively normalizing:
wherein alpha is i And beta i Respectively normalizing the phase current variation and the reactive power variation;
s12, calculating the fault probability P of the ith line i =z·α i +(1-z)·β i Z is a weight parameter;
s13, e.g. P i If the signal is larger than the threshold value, judging that the ith line has single-phase grounding fault;
the weight parameter z is obtained by training a pulse neural membrane system of a distributed population by using training set data; wherein,
the pulsed neural membrane system of the distributed population, comprising: neuron number, i, initialization probabilityMutation probability->Number of sub-population M, number of individuals n in sub-population, total number of individuals H, migration interval M 1 Migration quantity M 2 The ith sub-population probability matrix->And binary matrix->
Training a pulsed neural membrane system of a distributed population using training set data as follows:
s20, let iteration number gen=0, maximum iteration number maxgen;
s21, if the gen is larger than or equal to maxgen, training is completed;
S22,gen=gen+1;
s23, performing cross processing;
s24, if gen is M 1 And then on,otherwise, jumping to S26;
s25, information exchange processing is carried out:
s251, let i=1;
s252, if i > m, executing the following steps; otherwise, jumping to S26;
i. construction of candidate removal Individual set S g,em :
wherein,indicating removal of the population->The ith individual of the g generation in ∈,>representation ofIs adapted to the value of->Representing population->Average fitness value of (a);
wherein, table of IIndicating Euclidean distance, ESNPS g,em Is from S g,em Is a group of the individuals in the group,is an immigrating populationAverage distance of (2);
constructing matrix D g,im :
wherein, the euclidean distance is indicated,indicating removal of the population->The ith individual of the g generation, D g,im Representing population->A matrix formed by Euclidean distances between every two of the medium individuals;
wherein,and->The representation being from D g,im Two individuals with shortest Euclidean distance; />And->Are respectively->And->Is a fitness value of (a);
s253, let i=i+1, return to S252;
s26, performing mutation treatment;
s27, returning to S21.
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