CN114113765A - Device and method for measuring voltage proportion - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring voltage proportion Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for measuring voltage proportion, wherein the device comprises: the system comprises a logic control unit, a switch switching unit, a single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit and a data processing unit; the logic control unit is respectively connected with the switch switching unit and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit and is used for outputting pulse control signals to the switch switching unit and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit; the switch switching unit comprises two signal input channels and is used for alternately conducting the two signal input channels according to the pulse control signal so as to receive different input signals; the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected with the switch switching unit and is used for collecting two received input signals by using the same sampling channel to obtain two collected signals; the data processing unit is connected with the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit and used for calculating the voltage proportion value of the two acquired signals. The same sampling channel is adopted to sample the two input signals, so that the influence of sampling errors on the voltage proportion measurement result can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to a voltage proportion measuring technology, in particular to a device and a method for measuring voltage proportion.
Background
When the transformation error of the voltage transformer is verified, a standard voltage transformer is used, the voltage transformer to be tested is connected with the standard voltage transformer in parallel at one time, and the same voltage is measured. Assuming that the secondary voltage of the standard voltage transformer is used as the standard voltage Un, and the secondary voltage of the measured voltage transformer is used as the measured voltage Ux, when the transformation error of the measured voltage transformer is calculated, a device is needed to be used for measuring the proportion value of the standard voltage Un and the measured voltage Ux, and then the proportion value is reduced by 1 to obtain the transformation error of the measured voltage transformer, wherein the formula is represented as: Ux/Un-1. Therefore, when the calibration is performed, how to accurately measure the proportional value of the standard voltage and the measured voltage becomes the key for calibrating the transformation error of the voltage transformer. In the prior art, two-channel AD sampling is usually used for sampling Un and Ux, and because two channels have measurement errors, namely e1 and e2, when the method is used, the measured voltage ratio is Ux (1+ e1)/[ Un (1+ e2) ] -1 and is about Ux/Un [1+ e1-e2] -1, and an additional error, namely e1-e2, is compared with the actual error. That is, the error of the two channels AD sampling channels affects the actual measurement result, and if the measurement errors of the two channels are the same, the additional error is 0, but in practice, the measurement errors of the two channels cannot be the same, so that when performing high-accuracy measurement, it is necessary to try to eliminate or reduce the additional error caused by the channels.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to eliminate the additional error caused by the sampling channel, in one aspect, the present application provides an apparatus for measuring voltage ratio, the apparatus comprising: the system comprises a logic control unit, a switch switching unit, a single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit and a data processing unit;
the logic control unit is respectively connected with the switch switching unit and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit and is used for outputting a pulse control signal to the switch switching unit and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit;
the switch switching unit comprises a first signal input channel and a second signal input channel, and is used for alternately conducting the first signal input channel or the second signal input channel according to the pulse control signal so as to receive a first input signal or a second input signal;
the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected with the switch switching unit and is used for acquiring the received first input signal or the second input signal by using the same sampling channel to obtain a first acquisition signal and a second acquisition signal, and the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal have the same sampling error;
the data processing unit is connected with the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit and used for calculating a voltage proportion value of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the first collected signal and the second collected signal.
In an embodiment, the logic control unit is a signal frequency conversion unit, and the signal frequency conversion unit is configured to receive the first input signal and convert the first input signal into the pulse control signal.
In an embodiment, the pulse control signal is a square wave signal, the frequency of the square wave signal is n times the frequency of the first input signal, and n is a positive number greater than 1.
In an embodiment, at the time of a rising edge of the square wave signal, the first signal input channel of the switching unit is turned on, and at the time of a falling edge of the square wave signal, the second signal input channel of the switching unit is turned on.
In an embodiment, the data processing unit is specifically configured to:
separating the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal according to the rising edge moment and the falling edge moment of the square wave signal;
calculating an effective value of the first acquisition signal and an effective value of the second acquisition signal;
and calculating to obtain a voltage proportion value of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the effective value of the first acquisition signal and the effective value of the second acquisition signal.
In another aspect, the present application further provides a method for measuring a voltage ratio, including:
the logic control unit outputs a pulse control signal and outputs the pulse control signal to the switch switching unit and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit;
the switch switching unit alternately conducts the first signal input channel or the second signal input channel according to the pulse control signal so as to receive a first input signal or a second input signal;
the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit performs analog-to-digital acquisition on the received first input signal or the second input signal by using the same sampling channel to obtain a first acquisition signal and a second acquisition signal, wherein the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal have the same sampling error;
and the data processing unit calculates the voltage proportion value of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal.
In an embodiment, the logic control unit is a signal frequency conversion unit, and the pulse control signal is obtained by performing frequency conversion on the first input signal by the signal frequency conversion unit.
In an embodiment, the pulse control signal is a square wave signal, the frequency of the square wave signal is n times the frequency of the first input signal, and n is a positive number greater than 1.
In an embodiment, at the time of a rising edge of the square wave signal, the first signal input channel of the switching unit is turned on, and at the time of a falling edge of the square wave signal, the second signal input channel of the switching unit is turned on.
In one embodiment, the calculating a voltage ratio of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the first collecting signal and the second collecting signal includes:
separating the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal according to the rising edge moment and the falling edge moment of the square wave signal;
calculating an effective value of the first acquisition signal and an effective value of the second acquisition signal;
and calculating to obtain a voltage proportion value of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the effective value of the first acquisition signal and the effective value of the second acquisition signal.
The application provides a device and method for measuring voltage proportion adopts same sampling channel to sample two input signal, because the sampling error of same sampling channel is very stable in the short time, the sampling error that consequently two sampling signal that the sampling obtained contain is approximate the same, can reduce greatly or even eliminate according to the sampling error in the voltage proportion value that two sampling signal obtained, greatly reduced sampling error is to measuring result's influence.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring voltage ratio according to the present application.
Fig. 2 is another structural diagram of the device for measuring voltage ratio according to the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a first acquired signal and a second acquired signal of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring voltage ratio according to the present application.
Fig. 5 is another schematic diagram of the method for measuring voltage ratio of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring voltage ratio according to the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for measuring a voltage ratio includes: the system comprises a logic control unit 1, a switch switching unit 2, a single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit 3 and a data processing unit 4;
specifically, the logic control unit 1 is connected to the switch switching unit 2 and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit 3, and is configured to output a pulse control signal S to the switch switching unit 2 and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit 3f. The switch switching unit 2 is connected with the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit 3.
The switch switching unit 2 comprises a first signal input channel 21 and a second signal input channel 22 for controlling the signal S in dependence of the pulsecAlternately turning on the first signal input channel 21 or the second signal input channel 22 to receive the first input signal S1Or receiving a second input signal S2。
For example, when the pulse control signal outputted by the logic control unit 1 is at a high level (or a low level), the first signal input channel 21 of the switch switching unit 2 is turned on, and the second signal input channel 22 is turned off, so as to receive the corresponding first input signal S through the first signal input channel 211(ii) a When the pulse control signal outputted by the logic control unit 1 is at a low level (or a high level), the second signal input channel 22 of the switch switching unit 2 is turned on, and the first signal input channel 21 is turned off, so as to receive the corresponding first input signal S through the second signal input channel 222. With a pulse control signal SfThe first signal input channel 21 and the second signal input channel 22 are alternately conducted, so that the first input signal S is conducted1And receiving a second input signal S2The single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit 3 is alternately input through the switch switching unit 2.
Generally, the first input signal and the second input signal may be a secondary voltage of a standard voltage transformer and a secondary voltage of a measured transformer, respectively.
The single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit 3 is used for using the same sampling channelReceiving the first input signal S1Or the second input signal S2Collecting to obtain a first collected signal Sc1And the second acquisition signal Sc2Said first acquisition signal Sc1And the second acquisition signal Sc2With the same sampling error e.
When the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit 3 receives the pulse control signal output by the logic control unit 1, the signal transmitted by the switch switching unit 2 can be collected. The application adopts a single-channel analog-to-digital conversion module, and as the name suggests, the analog-to-digital conversion module only has one sampling channel, and the sampling channel is used for alternatively receiving the first input signal S1And said second input signal S2And (5) collecting. Since the same sampling channel is used, for the first input signal S1The first collected signal S is obtained by collectionc1And for the first input signal S2The first collected signal S is obtained by collectionc2The sampling errors of (a) are the same and can be denoted as e; even for the first input signal S1The first collected signal S is obtained by collectionc1And for the first input signal S2The first collected signal S is obtained by collectionc2But the sampling errors contained in the two sampled signals are approximately the same because the time difference for obtaining the two sampled signals is very short, and the sampling error of the same sampling channel is very stable in a short time (400 ms).
In practical application, the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion module can be replaced by a double-channel analog-to-digital conversion module, when the pulse control signal triggers the double-channel analog-to-digital conversion module, the sampling channel which firstly samples the input signal in the two sampling channels is used as the only sampling channel, and then only the sampling channel is used for sampling, but the other sampling channel is not used for sampling. This also allows the use of the same sampling channel for sampling both input signals. That is, the pulse control signal is only used to trigger the two-channel analog-to-digital conversion module to start sampling, and the switching of the sampling channel is not controlled any more.
The data processing unit 4 and the single channel analog-to-digital converterA conversion unit 3 connected to receive the first acquisition signal Sc1The second collected signal Sc2And calculating the voltage proportion value of the first input signal and the second input signal.
The device for measuring the voltage proportion collects two input signals through the same sampling channel, so that the two collected signals have the same or approximately the same sampling error. The voltage proportional value obtained based on the two collected signals is hardly influenced by the sampling error of the sampling channel and is closer to the actual voltage proportional value of the two input signals.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the logic control unit 1 is a signal frequency conversion unit for receiving the first input signal S1Or the second input signal S2And the first input signal S is converted into the second input signal S1Or the second input signal S2Is converted into the pulse control signal Sf。
For example, assume that the first input signal S1And said second input signal S2The frequency of the input signal is f (unit: Hz), the signal frequency conversion unit can convert the input signal into a pulse control signal with the frequency of nf (unit: Hz), namely, the frequency of the pulse control signal is increased to be n times of the first input signal, and n is a positive integer which is larger than 1.
The pulse control signal may be a square wave signal, where n may have a value of 10.
When the pulse control signal is a square wave signal, the first signal input channel of the switch switching unit is switched on at the moment of the rising edge of the square wave signal, and the second signal input channel of the switch switching unit is switched on at the moment of the falling edge of the square wave signal.
One specific example is provided below for illustration:
suppose a first input signal S1And a second input signal S2Has a frequency of 50Hz and a signal period of 400 ms. When n takes 10, the signal frequency unit converts the input signal into 500Hz and outputs the 500Hz frequency to the switch switching unit and the single-channel analog-to-digital converter respectivelyAnd the conversion module triggers the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion module to start to acquire signals. The signal (a) in fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the square wave signal.
As shown in fig. 3, at the first rising edge time t1 of the square wave signal, the first signal input channel of the switch switching unit is turned on, and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion module converts the first input signal S1Collecting; at the first falling edge time t2 of the square wave signal, the second signal input channel of the switch switching unit is turned on, and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion module converts the second input signal S2Collecting; at the next rising edge time t3, the first signal input channel of the switch switching unit is turned on, and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion module continues to process the first input signal S1The collecting … … is performed to collect the first input signal and the second input signal in such a cycle to obtain a first collected signal S corresponding to the first input signalc1And a second acquisition signal S corresponding to the second input signalc2. Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the signals acquired during exactly one signal period (400 ms). In the application, data of a plurality of signal periods (for example, 20 signal periods) needs to be obtained and then output to the data processing unit.
The data processing unit firstly separates the first acquisition signal S according to the rising edge time and the falling edge time of the square wave signalc1And a second acquisition signal Sc2And respectively calculating effective value U of the first collected signalc1And the effective value U of the second acquisition signalc2；
Assuming that the effective value of the first input signal is U1The effective value of the second input signal is U2According to the effective value Uc1Effective value Uc2Calculating to obtain a voltage ratio value of the first input signal and the second input signal as follows:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the voltage ratio of the first input signal and the second input signal, Uc1Is the effective value, U, of the first acquired signalc2Is the effective value of the second acquired signal.
The relation between the first acquisition signal and the first input signal is Uc1＝U1(1+ e), the second collected signal has a relationship U with the second collected signalc1＝U1(1+ e), e is the sampling error. When the voltage ratio value is calculated,
it follows that the numerator and (1+ e) in the denominator can cancel out, and therefore the sampling error e in the calculated voltage ratio is completely eliminated; even if the sampling error of the sampling channel slightly differs when the first input signal and the second input signal are acquired, the difference can be ignored.
Compared with the device for measuring the voltage proportion in the prior art, the device for measuring the voltage proportion provided by the application has the advantages that the accuracy of the measurement result is obviously improved.
The switch switching unit in each embodiment of the application can adopt two CMOS switch chips, and the CMOS switch can be switched on and off according to the pulse control signal of the logic control unit, so that two signal input channels of the switch switching unit can be switched rapidly.
The logic control unit in the embodiments of the present application can be registered by the multi-stage frequency dividing circuit, and convert the input signal into a pulse control signal with a certain frequency.
The single-channel analog-to-digital conversion module in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by using a common digitizer or a common meter in the market.
On the other hand, the application also provides a method for measuring the voltage proportion, which is applied to the device for measuring the voltage proportion. As shown in fig. 4, the method comprises the steps of:
step S401, a logic control unit outputs a pulse control signal and outputs the pulse control signal to a switch switching unit and a single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit;
step S402, the switch switching unit alternately switches on the first signal input channel or the second signal input channel according to the pulse control signal to receive a first input signal or a second input signal;
step S403, the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit performs analog-to-digital acquisition on the received first input signal or the second input signal by using the same sampling channel to obtain a first acquisition signal and a second acquisition signal, where the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal have the same sampling error;
step S404, the data processing unit calculates a voltage ratio of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the first collected signal and the second collected signal.
In an embodiment, the logic control unit is a signal frequency conversion unit, and the pulse control signal is obtained by performing frequency conversion on the first input signal by the signal frequency conversion unit.
In an embodiment, the pulse control signal is a square wave signal, the frequency of the square wave signal is n times the frequency of the first input signal, and n is a positive number greater than 1.
In an embodiment, at the time of a rising edge of the square wave signal, the first signal input channel of the switching unit is turned on, and at the time of a falling edge of the square wave signal, the second signal input channel of the switching unit is turned on.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, step S404 of calculating a voltage ratio of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the first collected signal and the second collected signal includes:
step S4041, separating the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal according to the rising edge time and the falling edge time of the square wave signal;
step S4042, calculating an effective value of the first acquisition signal and an effective value of the second acquisition signal;
step S4043, calculating a voltage ratio value of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the effective value of the first collected signal and the effective value of the second collected signal.
The application provides a method for measuring voltage proportion, adopts same sampling channel to sample two input signal, because the sampling error of same sampling channel is very stable in the short time, the sampling error that two sampling signal that consequently the sampling obtained contain is approximate the same, and the sampling error in the voltage proportion value that obtains according to two sampling signal can significantly reduce or even eliminate, greatly reduced sampling error is to measuring result's influence.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment. In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of an embodiment of the specification.
In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. The above description is only an example of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure. Various modifications and variations to the embodiments described herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the embodiments of the present specification should be included in the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present specification.
Claims (10)
1. An apparatus for measuring voltage ratio, comprising: the system comprises a logic control unit, a switch switching unit, a single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit and a data processing unit;
the logic control unit is respectively connected with the switch switching unit and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit and is used for outputting a pulse control signal to the switch switching unit and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit;
the switch switching unit comprises a first signal input channel and a second signal input channel, and is used for alternately conducting the first signal input channel or the second signal input channel according to the pulse control signal so as to receive a first input signal or a second input signal;
the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected with the switch switching unit and is used for acquiring the received first input signal or the second input signal by using the same sampling channel to obtain a first acquisition signal and a second acquisition signal, and the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal have the same sampling error;
the data processing unit is connected with the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit and used for calculating a voltage proportion value of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the first collected signal and the second collected signal.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the logic control unit is a signal frequency conversion unit, and the signal frequency conversion unit is configured to receive the first input signal and convert the first input signal into the pulse control signal.
3. The apparatus for measuring voltage ratio of claim 2, wherein the pulse control signal is a square wave signal having a frequency n times the frequency of the first input signal, n being a positive number greater than 1.
4. The apparatus for measuring voltage ratio of claim 3, wherein the first signal input channel of the switching unit is turned on at a rising edge time of the square wave signal, and the second signal input channel of the switching unit is turned on at a falling edge time of the square wave signal.
5. The device for measuring voltage proportions according to claim 4, characterized in that the data processing unit is specifically configured to:
separating the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal according to the rising edge moment and the falling edge moment of the square wave signal;
calculating an effective value of the first acquisition signal and an effective value of the second acquisition signal;
and calculating to obtain a voltage proportion value of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the effective value of the first acquisition signal and the effective value of the second acquisition signal.
6. A method of measuring voltage ratios, comprising:
the logic control unit outputs a pulse control signal and outputs the pulse control signal to the switch switching unit and the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit;
the switch switching unit alternately conducts the first signal input channel or the second signal input channel according to the pulse control signal so as to receive a first input signal or a second input signal;
the single-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit performs analog-to-digital acquisition on the received first input signal or the second input signal by using the same sampling channel to obtain a first acquisition signal and a second acquisition signal, wherein the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal have the same sampling error;
and the data processing unit calculates the voltage proportion value of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the logic control unit is a signal frequency conversion unit, and the pulse control signal is obtained by frequency-converting the first input signal by the signal frequency conversion unit.
8. The method of measuring voltage ratio of claim 7, wherein the pulse control signal is a square wave signal having a frequency n times the frequency of the first input signal, n being a positive number greater than 1.
9. The method of measuring voltage ratio of claim 8, wherein the first signal input channel of the switching unit is turned on at a rising edge time of the square wave signal, and the second signal input channel of the switching unit is turned on at a falling edge time of the square wave signal.
10. The method of measuring voltage ratio of claim 9, wherein calculating the voltage ratio value of the first and second input signals from the first and second collected signals comprises:
separating the first acquisition signal and the second acquisition signal according to the rising edge moment and the falling edge moment of the square wave signal;
calculating an effective value of the first acquisition signal and an effective value of the second acquisition signal;
and calculating to obtain a voltage proportion value of the first input signal and the second input signal according to the effective value of the first acquisition signal and the effective value of the second acquisition signal.
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| 蒋焕文等: "电子测量", 中国计量出版社, pages: 19 * |
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