CN114113488B - Leakage spontaneous combustion experimental device for high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline - Google Patents
Leakage spontaneous combustion experimental device for high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005680 Thomson effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
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Abstract
The utility model provides a high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline leakage spontaneous combustion experimental device, which consists of a compressed air bottle, a high-pressure nitrogen bottle, a high-pressure methane bottle, a high-pressure hydrogen bottle, a valve, a static mixer, a high-pressure storage tank, a purging pipeline, a main body experimental pipeline, a detachable leakage piece and barrier, a protective box, a high-speed camera, a transmitter, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, an electrostatic sensor, a photodiode, a pressure gauge, a vacuum pump, a buffer tank and a tail gas recovery bottle. The hydrogen-doped natural gas at different temperatures, pressures and hydrogen-doped amounts can be prepared by changing the opening of the valve and the initial temperature of the high-pressure gas; experiments can be carried out on the cross-sectional shapes of different leakage ports by installing different detachable leakage pieces; thus testing whether autoignition has occurred after the high pressure hydrogen-loaded natural gas has leaked from the pipeline. The utility model overcomes the defect that the prior device can not perform experiments on the leakage spontaneous combustion process of the hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline, can realize experiments under various conditions, and reduces the experiment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of oil gas safety, and particularly relates to a leakage spontaneous combustion experimental device for a high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline.
Background
The hydrogen energy is a novel energy carrier for supporting the national strategy energy goal of carbon neutralization and carbon peak, and the hydrogen is valued by the world because the combustion process only generates water. The high-pressure storage is a main storage mode of the current hydrogen energy, and the hydrogen is conveyed to thousands of households by utilizing the in-service natural gas pipe network which is all around and throughout the country, so that the method is an effective way for realizing large-scale and long-distance conveying of the hydrogen, and the investment for independently constructing a hydrogen conveying pipeline can be greatly reduced.
However, the hydrogen has extremely low minimum ignition energy (0.02 mJ), and when the high-pressure hydrogen leaks, the gas temperature rises due to factors such as friction static electricity, shock wave heating and the like, so that the ignition condition is finally achieved, and the hydrogen is spontaneous combustion to cause more serious accidents. In the hydrogen leakage combustion explosion accidents, about 60% of the accidents have no obvious ignition source, and in addition, the hydrogen has a hydrogen embrittlement effect on the steel pipe, high-pressure hydrogen is easy to leak from the steel storage container, and the leakage spontaneous combustion risk of the hydrogen cannot be ignored. The mechanism of causing the spontaneous combustion of the high-pressure hydrogen leakage is mainly considered to be the reverse Joule Thomson effect, diffusion ignition, electrostatic ignition, mechanical friction, impact and the like, wherein the diffusion ignition is the mechanism which is recognized to contribute the greatest to the spontaneous combustion of the high-pressure hydrogen leakage, and a plurality of experimental researches are also carried out based on the theory. The diffusion ignition theory means that when high-pressure hydrogen leaks and releases into the air, shock waves are formed in front of the hydrogen jet flow, the shock waves generate high temperature and high pressure, the air behind the shock waves are heated, a hydrogen-air mixed layer with a certain area is formed between the high temperature air and the front edge of the jet flow, and when the temperature of the mixed layer reaches the ignition temperature and the hydrogen concentration is in the ignition range, the spontaneous combustion phenomenon can occur after a period of time delay. The interval time from the occurrence of leakage of high-pressure pure hydrogen to the formation of spontaneous combustion injection fire is generally tens of mu s, the minimum leakage pressure capable of causing hydrogen leakage and spontaneous combustion is 1.6-2.3MPa, the delivery pressure of the current domestic natural gas delivery pipeline can reach 4-10MPa, and the pressure requirement of hydrogen leakage and spontaneous combustion is met.
The leakage autoignition characteristics of high pressure hydrogen are different from those of conventional natural gas. After the hydrogen is mixed into the natural gas, the components, the minimum ignition energy, the explosion limit and other physical parameters of the hydrogen-doped natural gas are different from those of pure hydrogen, so that the leakage spontaneous combustion characteristics of the hydrogen-doped natural gas are different from those of the hydrogen. The research on the leakage of the hydrogen-doped natural gas conveying pipeline under the conditions of the hydrogen-doped concentration, the release temperature, the pressure and the like can cause spontaneous combustion, and has important practical significance for reasonably controlling the operation parameters of the hydrogen-doped natural gas conveying pipeline and realizing the large-scale safe conveying of hydrogen energy.
According to investigation, two methods of simulation and experiment are mainly adopted for researching the leakage spontaneous combustion of the combustible gas. In the aspect of experiments, in the prior patent, a patent CN111458371A 'premixed gas-powder spontaneous combustion experiment pipeline and experiment method' designs an experiment device for researching the gas-powder spontaneous combustion process; CN108931499a "experimental testing device for spontaneous combustion oxygen concentration of coal" designs a testing device and testing method for spontaneous combustion concentration of coal. However, at present, no experimental device for the leakage spontaneous combustion process of the high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline exists, and the problem that the spontaneous combustion is unclear when the leakage of the high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline occurs under the conditions of the hydrogen-doped concentration, the leakage pressure, the leakage aperture and the like is comprehensively combined, so that the device is necessary for researching the leakage spontaneous combustion process of the high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline so as to obtain the safe operation boundary condition of the gas pipeline.
The leakage self-ignition of the high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline is a complex process, and factors influencing the self-ignition include gas leakage temperature, leakage pressure, leakage port shape, whether barriers exist outside the leakage port or not, and the like. By adopting methods such as high-speed shooting, sensor detection and the like, the leakage spontaneous combustion rule of the high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline under different conditions is researched, so that the spontaneous combustion ignition mechanism can be deepened, and experimental basis and theoretical support can be provided for the establishment of a safe conveying scheme of the high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the utility model is that: the device can carry out experimental research on the leakage spontaneous combustion ignition of the high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas under different hydrogen-doped amounts, different pressures, different temperatures and different leakage port shapes. An experimental device for leakage spontaneous combustion of a high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline comprises a compressed air bottle 1, a high-pressure nitrogen bottle 2, a high-pressure methane bottle 3, a high-pressure hydrogen bottle 4, a first tail gas recovery bottle 5, a first switch valve 6, a second switch valve 7, a third switch valve 8, a fourth switch valve 9, a fifth switch valve 10, a first pressure reducing valve 11, a first pressure gauge 12, a second pressure reducing valve 13, a second pressure gauge 14, a first safety valve 15, a static mixer 16, a third pressure gauge 17, a first buffer tank 18, a first vacuum pump 19, a sixth switch valve 20 and a seventh switch valve 21, the high-pressure storage tank 22, the first electric valve 23, the first pipe flange 24, the second pipe flange 25, the third pipe flange 47, the fourth pipe flange 51, the first air purge pipe 26, the second air purge pipe 46, the main body experiment pipe 27, the first conversion interface 28, the second conversion interface 30, the third conversion interface 45, the fourth conversion interface 49, the first fixed flange 29, the second fixed flange 31, the third fixed flange 44, the fourth fixed flange 50, the high-speed camera 32, the fourth pressure gauge 33, the protective box 34, the detachable barrier 35, the pressure sensor 36, the leak port 37, the temperature sensor 38, the electrostatic sensor 39, the photodiode 40, the transmitter 41, the data acquisition instrument 42, the data line 43, the eighth switch valve 48, the second electric valve 52, the second vacuum pump 53, the second buffer tank 54, the second safety valve 55, the ninth switch valve 56, the second tail gas recovery bottle 57, the tapered detachable leak sheet 58, the constant diameter detachable leak sheet 59, the first-type detachable leak sheet 60, the detachable leak sheet 61, and the detachable leak device connected to the detachable leak device;
the high-pressure air supply system of the experimental device is characterized in that a compressed air bottle 1, a high-pressure nitrogen bottle 2, a high-pressure methane bottle 3, a high-pressure hydrogen bottle 4, a first switch valve 6, a second switch valve 7, a third switch valve 8, a fourth switch valve 9, a first pressure reducing valve 11, a first pressure gauge 12, a second pressure reducing valve 13 and a second pressure gauge 14 form the high-pressure air supply system of the experimental device; the compressed air bottle 1 is connected to a first air purge pipeline 26 through a first switch valve 6, the high-pressure nitrogen bottle 2 is connected to the outlet of the static mixer 16 through a second switch valve 7, the high-pressure methane bottle 3 is connected to the inlet of the static mixer 16 through a third switch valve 8, a first pressure reducing valve 11 and a first pressure gauge, and the high-pressure hydrogen bottle 4 is connected to the other inlet of the static mixer 16 through a fourth switch valve 9, a second pressure reducing valve 13 and a second pressure gauge 14; the high pressure gas supply system provides the air required for purging, the nitrogen required for checking the air tightness and the methane and the hydrogen at the specific pressure and the specific temperature required for the experiment device. The first tail gas recovery bottle 5, the fifth switch valve 10, the first safety valve 15, the static mixer 16, the third pressure gauge 17, the first buffer tank 18, the first vacuum pump 19 and the sixth switch valve 20 form an experimental device gas mixing system; the outlet of the static mixer 16 is connected with an incoming branch pipeline of the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder 2 and is connected to a seventh switch valve in front of a high-pressure storage tank 22 through a third pressure gauge 17, the outlet of the static mixer is connected to a first tail gas recovery cylinder 5 through a sixth switch valve 20, a first vacuum pump 19, a first buffer tank 18 and a fifth switch valve 10 in front of a seventh switch valve 21, and a branch pipe is arranged between the fifth switch valve 10 and the first buffer tank 18 and is connected to a first safety valve 15; the gas mixing system can provide the required hydrogen-doped natural gas with specific hydrogen-doped concentration for the experimental device, and has the tail gas treatment function. The seventh switch valve 21, the high-pressure tank 22, the first electric valve 23, the first pipe flange 24, the second pipe flange 25, the first air purge pipe 26, the second air purge pipe 46, the main body experiment pipe 27, the first conversion interface 28, the second conversion interface 30, the first fixed flange 29, the second fixed flange 31, the detachable barrier block 35 and the leakage port 37 form an experiment device high-pressure tank and a pipe system; the inlet and outlet of the high-pressure storage tank 22 are respectively connected with a seventh switch valve 21 and a first electric valve 23, the outlet of the first electric valve 23 is connected with a main experiment pipeline 27 through a second pipeline flange 25, the pipeline from the first switch valve 6 is connected to a first air purging pipeline 26 through a first pipeline flange 24, and a second air purging pipeline 46 is arranged on the other side of the protective box 34; the high-pressure storage tank and the pipeline system are used as the main body experiment part of the experiment device, so that temporary storage of the hydrogen-doped natural gas, specific flow of the hydrogen-doped natural gas for the main body experiment pipeline and leakage spontaneous combustion experiment of the hydrogen-doped natural gas under the condition of having/not having barriers can be realized. The first conversion interface 28, the second conversion interface 30, the third conversion interface 45, the fourth conversion interface 49, the first fixing flange 29, the second fixing flange 31, the third fixing flange 44, the fourth fixing flange 50, the fourth pressure gauge 33 and the protective box 34 form an experimental device safety protection system; the first conversion interface 28 and the first fixing flange 29 are used for fixing the first air purge pipe 26 on the protective box 34, the second conversion interface 30, the fourth conversion interface 49, the second fixing flange 31 and the fourth fixing flange 50 are respectively used for fixing the main body experiment pipe 27 on the protective box 34 from two sides, the third conversion interface 45 and the third fixing flange 44 are used for fixing the second air purge pipe 46 on the protective box 34, and the fourth pressure gauge 33 is arranged on the top of the protective box 34; the safety protection system provides safe natural gas leakage spontaneous combustion experimental space for hydrogen addition and protects operators. The high-speed camera 32, the pressure sensor 36, the temperature sensor 38, the electrostatic sensor 39, the photodiode 40, the transmitter 41, the data acquisition instrument 42 and the data wire 43 form an experimental device data acquisition system; the high-speed camera 32 is arranged outside the protective box 34, and focuses on shooting a rectangular area near the outside of the pipeline leakage port 37; a certain number of pressure sensors 36 and temperature sensors 38 are arranged on two sides of a pipeline leakage port 37, an electrostatic sensor 39 is arranged near the inside of the leakage port 37, a photodiode 40 is arranged on the pipe wall of the pipeline opposite to the leakage port 37, a transmitter 41 is arranged on the pipe wall near the leakage port 37 in the pipeline, and a high-speed camera, each sensor and each transmitter are connected to a data acquisition instrument 42 through a data wire 43; the data acquisition system can record the temperature, pressure, static electricity and flame development process in the process of leakage of the hydrogen-doped natural gas near the inside and outside of the leakage port 37, and transmit recorded data to realize visualization. The eighth switching valve 48, the second electric valve 52, the second vacuum pump 53, the second buffer tank 54, the second safety valve 55, the ninth switching valve 56, and the second exhaust gas recovery bottle 57 form an exhaust gas recovery system of the experimental device; the second electric valve connects the second purge pipe 46 and the collection pipe of the main body experiment pipe 27 with the second vacuum pump 53, the second vacuum pump 53 is connected to the second tail gas recovery bottle 57 through the second buffer tank 54 and the ninth switch valve 56, and a branch pipe is connected to the second safety valve 55 between the second buffer tank 54 and the ninth switch valve 56; the tail gas recovery system can collect air, nitrogen and hydrogen-doped natural gas used in the experimental process, and plays a role in cleaning an experimental device.
By adopting the technical scheme, the utility model can achieve the following beneficial effects:
(1) The flow rates of methane and hydrogen can be controlled by controlling the different degrees of the third switch valve 8 and the fourth switch valve 9, and the pressure of methane and hydrogen can be controlled by controlling the different degrees of the first pressure reducing valve 11 and the second pressure reducing valve 14. Compressed methane and hydrogen sources with different initial temperatures are adopted, and after being mixed by a static mixer 16, the preparation of hydrogen-doped natural gas with different temperatures, pressures and hydrogen-doped ratios can be realized;
(2) By installing detachable leakage pieces (a tapered detachable leakage piece 58, an equal-diameter detachable leakage piece 59, a tapered-then-tapered detachable leakage piece 60, a tapered-then-tapered detachable leakage piece 61 and a tapered-then-tapered detachable leakage piece 62) with different cross-sectional shapes on the leakage port 37, research on leakage spontaneous combustion of hydrogen-doped natural gas under the condition of different cross-sectional shapes of the leakage port can be realized;
(3) The protective box 34 is made of transparent pressure-bearing materials, so that an operator can conveniently observe the experimental result outside the box while protecting the operator, and the high-speed camera 32 is used for recording the experimental result;
(4) The first tail gas recovery bottle 5, the second tail gas recovery bottle 57 and the matched vacuum device can recover air, nitrogen and hydrogen-doped natural gas used in the whole experimental process, so that the whole experimental device has the characteristics of safety and economy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for testing the leakage and spontaneous combustion of hydrogen-loaded natural gas.
In the figure: 1-compressed air bottle, 2-high pressure nitrogen bottle, 3-high pressure methane bottle, 4-high pressure hydrogen bottle, 5-first tail gas recovery bottle, 6-first switch valve, 7-second switch valve, 8-third switch valve, 9-fourth switch valve, 10-fifth switch valve, 11-first pressure reducing valve, 12-first pressure gauge, 13-second pressure reducing valve, 14-second pressure gauge, 15-first safety valve, 16-static mixer, 17-third pressure gauge, 18-first buffer tank, 19-first vacuum pump, 20-sixth switch valve, 21-seventh switch valve, 22-high pressure storage tank, 23-first electrically operated valve, 24-first piping flange, 25-second piping flange, 47-third piping flange, 51-fourth piping flange, 26-first air purge piping, 46-second air purge piping, 27-main body test piping, 28-first switching interface, 30-second switching interface, 45-third switching interface, 49-fourth switching interface, 29-first fixed flange, 31-second fixed flange, 44-third fixed flange, 50-fourth fixed flange, 32-high speed camera, 33-fourth pressure gauge, 34-protective case, 35-removable barrier, 36-pressure sensor, 37-leak, 38-temperature sensor, 39-electrostatic sensor, 40-photodiode, 41-transmitter, 42-data acquisition instrument, 43-data line, 48-eighth switching valve, 52-second electric valve, 53-second vacuum pump, 54-second buffer tank, 55-second safety valve, 56-ninth switch valve, 57-second tail gas recovery bottle, 58-convergent detachable leak piece, 59-constant diameter detachable leak piece, 60-convergent-divergent detachable leak piece, 61-divergent detachable leak piece, 62-convergent-divergent detachable leak piece.
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of a part of the structure of the protective box in the device of the utility model;
FIG. 3 shows the steps required to perform an experiment using the apparatus of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be further described with reference to fig. 1 and 3, but the present utility model is not limited to the following examples.
The utility model relates to a leakage spontaneous combustion experimental device for a high-pressure hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline, which comprises the following components: 1-compressed air bottle, 2-high pressure nitrogen bottle, 3-high pressure methane bottle, 4-high pressure hydrogen bottle, 5-first tail gas recovery bottle, 6-first switch valve, 7-second switch valve, 8-third switch valve, 9-fourth switch valve, 10-fifth switch valve, 11-first pressure reducing valve, 12-first pressure gauge, 13-second pressure reducing valve, 14-second pressure gauge, 15-first safety valve, 16-static mixer, 17-third pressure gauge, 18-first buffer tank, 19-first vacuum pump, 20-sixth switch valve, 21-seventh switch valve, 22-high pressure storage tank, 23-first electrically operated valve, 24-first piping flange, 25-second piping flange, 47-third piping flange, 51-fourth piping flange, 26-first air purge piping, 46-second air purge piping, 27-main body test piping, 28-first switching interface, 30-second switching interface, 45-third switching interface, 49-fourth switching interface, 29-first fixed flange, 31-second fixed flange, 44-third fixed flange, 50-fourth fixed flange, 32-high speed camera, 33-fourth pressure gauge, 34-protective case, 35-removable barrier, 36-pressure sensor, 37-leak, 38-temperature sensor, 39-electrostatic sensor, 40-photodiode, 41-transmitter, 42-data acquisition instrument, 43-data line, 48-eighth switching valve, 52-second electric valve, 53-second vacuum pump, 54-second buffer tank, 55-second safety valve, 56-ninth switch valve, 57-second tail gas recovery bottle, 58-convergent detachable leak piece, 59-constant diameter detachable leak piece, 60-convergent-divergent-detachable leak piece, 61-divergent-detachable leak piece, 62-convergent-divergent-detachable leak piece and pipeline connecting the above devices.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the first step: assembling the experimental device so that all valves are in a closed state, and installing a detachable barrier block 35 and a detachable leakage sheet;
and a second step of: the second switch valve 7, the seventh switch valve 21 and the first electric valve 23 are opened, nitrogen in the compressed nitrogen bottle 2 is discharged, the main body part of the device is pressurized to 5MPa, and the pressure test is realized after 5 minutes;
and a third step of: closing the second switch valve 7, opening the first switch valve 6, the fifth switch valve 10, the sixth switch valve 20, the eighth switch valve 48, the second electric valve 52 and the ninth switch valve 56, purging the device by using air in the compressed air bottle 1, closing the first switch valve 6 after purging for 2 minutes, starting the first vacuum pump 19 and the second vacuum pump 53, closing valves on two sides of the protective box 34 when the pressure in the protective box 34 is close to 101325Pa, closing the vacuum pumps when the gauge pressure in other pressure gauges indicates that the gauge pressure in the device is reduced to be close to 0, completing purging, and closing all the remaining valves;
fourth step: the third switch valve 8 and the fourth switch valve 9 are opened, and the opening degree of the valves is controlled to enable the flow ratio of methane to hydrogen to be 4:1, controlling the pressure of the first pressure reducing valve 11 and the second pressure reducing valve 13 to be 4MPa by using a first pressure gauge 12 and a second pressure gauge 14, opening a seventh switch valve 21, and injecting the prepared hydrogen-doped natural gas into a high-pressure storage tank 22 for temporary storage;
fifth step: starting the high-speed camera 32 and the data acquisition instrument 42, and preparing experimental result records;
sixth step: opening the first electric valve 23 and the second electric valve 52, releasing the hydrogen-doped natural gas in the high-pressure storage tank 22 into a pipeline, performing a leakage spontaneous combustion experiment of the hydrogen-doped natural gas pipeline, and recording the result;
seventh step: the high-speed camera 32 and the data acquisition instrument 42 are closed, the first electric valve 23 is closed, the first switch valve 6, the fifth switch valve 10, the sixth switch valve 20, the eighth switch valve 48, the second electric valve 52 and the ninth switch valve 56 are opened, the air in the compressed air bottle 1 is used for purging residual hydrogen-doped natural gas in the device, after purging for 2 minutes, all valves are closed, and the collected gas in the tail gas collecting bottle is processed, so that a round of experiments are completed.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a natural gas pipeline leakage spontaneous combustion experimental apparatus is mixed to high pressure, by compressed air bottle (1), high pressure nitrogen bottle (2), high pressure methane bottle (3), high pressure hydrogen bottle (4), first tail gas recovery bottle (5), first ooff valve (6), second ooff valve (7), third ooff valve (8), fourth ooff valve (9), fifth ooff valve (10), first relief valve (11), first manometer (12), second relief valve (13), second manometer (14), first relief valve (15), static mixer (16), third manometer (17), first buffer tank (18), first vacuum pump (19), sixth ooff valve (20), seventh ooff valve (21), high pressure storage tank (22), first motorised valve (23), first pipeline flange (24), second pipeline flange (25), third pipeline flange (47), fourth pipeline flange (51), first air pipeline (26), second air pipeline (46), main pipeline (27), first conversion interface (28), second conversion interface (30), third conversion interface (49), third conversion interface (30), third conversion interface (44) fixed purge interface (30) The device comprises a fourth fixed flange (50), a high-speed camera (32), a fourth pressure gauge (33), a protective box (34), a detachable barrier (35), a pressure sensor (36), a leakage port (37), a temperature sensor (38), an electrostatic sensor (39), a photodiode (40), a transmitter (41), a data acquisition instrument (42), a data line (43), an eighth switching valve (48), a second electric valve (52), a second vacuum pump (53), a second buffer tank (54), a second safety valve (55), a ninth switching valve (56), a second tail gas recovery bottle (57), a tapered detachable leakage piece (58), an equal-diameter detachable leakage piece (59), a first-shrinkage-later-expansion detachable leakage piece (60), a gradual-expansion detachable leakage piece (61), a first-expansion-later-shrinkage detachable leakage piece (62) and a pipeline for connecting the devices;
the device is characterized in that the compressed air bottle (1) is connected to a first air purging pipeline (26) through a first switch valve (6), the high-pressure nitrogen bottle (2) is connected to an outlet of the static mixer (16) through a second switch valve (7), the high-pressure methane bottle (3) is connected to an inlet of the static mixer (16) through a third switch valve (8), a first pressure reducing valve (11) and a first pressure gauge (12), the high-pressure hydrogen bottle (4) is connected to the other inlet of the static mixer (16) through a fourth switch valve (9), a second pressure reducing valve (13) and a second pressure gauge (14), and the part can provide methane and hydrogen under the specific pressure and the specific temperature required by purging, air tightness inspection and experiment for an experimental device;
the outlet of the static mixer (16) is connected with an incoming gas branch pipeline of the high-pressure nitrogen cylinder (2), and is connected to a seventh switch valve in front of the high-pressure storage tank (22) through a third pressure gauge (17), the outlet of the static mixer is connected to the first tail gas recovery cylinder (5) through a sixth switch valve (20), a first vacuum pump (19), a first buffer tank (18) and a fifth switch valve (10) in front of the seventh switch valve (21), a branch pipe is arranged between the fifth switch valve (10) and the first buffer tank (18) and is connected to a first safety valve (15), and the part can provide the required hydrogen-doped natural gas with specific hydrogen-doped concentration for an experimental device and has a tail gas treatment function;
the inlet and outlet of the high-pressure storage tank (22) are respectively connected with a seventh switch valve (21) and a first electric valve (23), the outlet of the first electric valve (23) is connected with a main body experiment pipeline (27) through a second pipeline flange (25), the pipeline from the first switch valve (6) is connected to a first air purging pipeline (26) through a first pipeline flange (24), and a second air purging pipeline (46) is arranged on the other side of the protective box (34), and the part is used as an experiment part of the main body of the experiment device, so that temporary storage of hydrogen-doped natural gas, specific flow of hydrogen-doped natural gas for the main body experiment pipeline and leakage spontaneous combustion experiment of the hydrogen-doped natural gas under the condition of having/not having barriers can be realized;
the first conversion interface (28) and the first fixing flange (29) are used for fixing the first air purging pipeline (26) on the protective box (34), the second conversion interface (30), the fourth conversion interface (49), the second fixing flange (31) and the fourth fixing flange (50) are respectively used for fixing the main body experiment pipeline (27) on the protective box (34) from two sides, the third conversion interface (45) and the third fixing flange (44) are used for fixing the second air purging pipeline (46) on the protective box (34), the fourth pressure gauge (33) is arranged on the top of the protective box (34), and the part can provide safe natural gas leakage spontaneous combustion experiment space for hydrogen loading and protecting operators;
the high-speed camera (32) is arranged outside the protective box (34) and is used for focusing on a rectangular area near the outside of the pipeline leakage port (37); a certain number of pressure sensors (36) and temperature sensors (38) are arranged on two sides of a pipeline leakage opening (37), a static sensor (39) is arranged near the inside of the pipeline leakage opening (37), a photodiode (40) is arranged on the pipe wall opposite to the leakage opening (37) in the pipe, a transmitter (41) is arranged on the pipe wall near the leakage opening (37) in the pipe, a high-speed camera (32) and each sensor and the transmitter (41) are connected to a data acquisition instrument (42) through a data wire (43), and the part can record the temperature, pressure, static electricity and flame development process in the process of leakage of hydrogen-doped natural gas near the inside and outside of the leakage opening (37) and transmit recorded data to realize visualization;
the second electric valve (52) is used for connecting a second air purging pipeline (46) and a collecting pipe of the main body experiment pipeline (27) with the second vacuum pump (53), the second vacuum pump (53) is connected to the second tail gas recovery bottle (57) through the second buffer tank (54) and the ninth switch valve (56), a branch pipe is arranged between the second buffer tank (54) and the ninth switch valve (56) and is connected to the second safety valve (55), and the part can be used for collecting air, nitrogen and hydrogen-doped natural gas used in the experiment process and plays a role in cleaning the experiment device.
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