CN114113302B - Remanufacturability detection method for ferromagnetic thin shaft - Google Patents
Remanufacturability detection method for ferromagnetic thin shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN114113302B CN114113302B CN202111375305.7A CN202111375305A CN114113302B CN 114113302 B CN114113302 B CN 114113302B CN 202111375305 A CN202111375305 A CN 202111375305A CN 114113302 B CN114113302 B CN 114113302B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a ferromagnetic materialA method for detecting the remanufacturability of a thin shaft comprising the steps of: s1, determining n detection track lines with equal angular intervals along the axial direction on the surface of a ferromagnetic thin shaft. S2, scanning the n detection track lines by using a magnetic memory probe to obtain magnetic leakage signal data; the magnetic leakage signal data comprises n groups of tangential components H p (x) Data and n sets of normal components H p (y) data; thereby obtaining the maximum gradient value K in the magnetic leakage signal data max . S3, according to K max Preliminarily judging whether the ferromagnetic thin shaft is damaged or not; when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is judged to be undamaged and slightly damaged in the initial step, whether the ferromagnetic thin shaft can be recycled or not is further judged by combining an eddy current detection method. The method combines the magnetic memory detection technology and the eddy current detection technology to form fusion detection, combines the characteristics of magnetic memory and eddy current detection, forms advantage complementation, and greatly improves the detection accuracy and defect types.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nondestructive detection, in particular to a method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft, and also relates to a system for detecting the remanufacturability of the ferromagnetic thin shaft.
Background
Ferromagnetic materials tend to have good strength, hardness, plasticity, toughness, and thus are widely used in various fields of industrial production. Many parts of mechanical devices are made of ferromagnetic materials, such as automobiles, airplanes, ships and even aerospace devices. Therefore, in the production and use process of the ferromagnetic component, the ferromagnetic component needs to be subjected to damage diagnosis so as to judge whether the component can be used continuously. The metal magnetic memory method is mainly based on the magnetic leakage signal of the surface of the ferromagnetic part, and the macroscopic defect formed in the ferromagnetic part can be judged, interpreted and measured by detecting the signal. However, the magnetic memory detection technique has the advantage of detecting minute defects caused by stress concentration, and has an important meaning for preventing early failure of ferromagnetic members. When the material is subjected to the combined action of external load and natural geomagnetic field, the occurrence of peak value of the tangential component of magnetic leakage is an area where stress concentration exists, and the normal component is zero at the peak value. This state remains substantially unchanged when the external load is to be removed. Therefore, the stress concentration part of the ferromagnetic material can be analyzed through the measured magnetic signal characteristics of the metal surface, and the service life of the ferromagnetic material part can be predicted even through a certain method.
However, the magnetic memory detection technology has relatively short development time, and a plurality of interferences exist in the signal measurement process, and the signal characteristics and different damage forms do not have accurate corresponding relations, so that the accuracy of the single magnetic memory detection technology in detection cannot be ensured, and the defect type cannot be easily determined.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft, aiming at the problems of low detection accuracy and difficult determination of defect types of a single nondestructive detection technology in the prior art.
A method for detecting remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft, comprising the steps of:
s1, determining n detection track lines with equal angular intervals along the axial direction on the surface of a ferromagnetic thin shaft.
S2, scanning the n detection track lines by using a magnetic memory probe to obtain magnetic leakage signal data; the magnetic leakage signal data comprises n groups of tangential components H p (x) Data and n sets of normal components H p (y) data; calculating each set of said normal components H p (y) gradient value K in the data, obtaining maximum gradient value K in the magnetic leakage signal data max 。
S3, preliminarily judging whether the ferromagnetic thin shaft is damaged or not; when K is max <0.7A/m.mm, and maximum value K max Adjacent normal component H at p When (y) notequal to 0, preliminarily judging that the ferromagnetic thin shaft is not damaged; when 0.7A/m.mm is less than or equal to K max If the magnetic thin axis is less than or equal to 10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin axis is primarily judged to have slight damage; when K is max >10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin shaft is primarily judged to have serious damage.
S31, when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is judged to be undamaged in a preliminary way, utilizing an eddy current detection probe to detect the ferromagnetic thin shaft along the ferromagnetic thin shaftThe detection track line is used for measuring the conductivities sigma of different positions of the ferromagnetic thin axis, and when the absolute delta sigma= |sigma of the adjacent conductivity differences is the same i+1 -σ i |<When the speed is 5MS/m, the shaft is finally judged to be undamaged, and the shaft can be recycled; if the adjacent conductivity is different delta sigma>And when the speed is 5MS/m, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped and cannot be recycled.
S32, when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is slightly damaged, judging the absolute value delta H= |H of the difference value of the adjacent magnetic field intensity according to the magnetic field intensity H measured by the magnetic memory probe i+1 -H i Whether or not is larger than 15A/m; if yes, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped; if not, judging that the surface crack exists in the shaft, and detecting the crack depth of the surface crack; if the crack depth is greater than 10% of the shaft diameter, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped; if the crack depth is less than 10% of the shaft diameter, the shaft is finally judged to be recyclable.
S33, when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is seriously damaged, judging that the shaft is scrapped.
According to the remanufacturability detection method for the ferromagnetic thin shaft, the vulnerable part is rapidly judged through magnetic memory detection, secondary judgment is carried out on the surface crack which is difficult to judge by utilizing the technical advantages of eddy current detection, fusion detection is formed by combining the magnetic memory detection technology and the eddy current detection technology, and the characteristics of magnetic memory and eddy current detection are combined, so that the advantages are complementary, the detection accuracy and defect types are greatly improved, the detection time is shortened, and the omission of a single detection scheme is greatly avoided.
In one embodiment, the normal component H on each of the detection tracks is based on p Obtaining a gradient value K by discrete data of (y); the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein l i To measure the distance from the point to the initial point, H p (y i ) Is the normal component of the measurement point.
In one embodiment, the largest ladderDegree value K max The acquisition of (1) comprises the steps of: firstly, comparing all gradient values K on each detection track line to obtain the maximum value of the gradient value K on each detection track line; comparing the maximum values of the gradient values K on the n detection track lines to obtain the maximum gradient value K max 。
In one embodiment, in step S2, the acquiring of the magnetic leakage signal data includes the following steps: firstly, clamping a ferromagnetic thin shaft by using an electric three-jaw chuck; then using a numerical control three-coordinate moving platform to control the magnetic memory probe to scan along the detection track line; and after the scanning along the first detection track line is completed, the electric three-jaw chuck rotates to enable the next track line to correspond to the magnetic memory probe until all the detection track lines are completely detected, and the magnetic leakage signal data are obtained.
In one embodiment, when the magnetic memory probe scans the ferromagnetic thin axis along the detection track line, the lift-off value of the magnetic memory probe is 1mm.
In one embodiment, in step S3, after the magnetic memory probe detects the magnetic leakage signal data, the eddy current detection probe is used to detect the electrical conductivity σ of the ferromagnetic thin axis at different positions along the axial direction.
In one embodiment, in step S31, when the eddy current probe detects along the detection track line, the frequency of eddy current detection is 60KHz, and the lift-off height of the eddy current probe is 1mm.
In one embodiment, the detection of crack depth comprises the steps of:
obtaining output voltage V of the eddy current detection probe during detection along n detection track lines, and obtaining the maximum value V of the eddy current detection output voltage max ；
Determining the maximum value H of tangential component of magnetic leakage in the magnetic leakage signal data pmax (x)；
For output voltage V and tangential component H p (x) Normalization processing is carried out to obtain a weight coefficient omega H And omega V The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein:
calculating crack damage factor F of the surface crack on each track line, wherein F=Aω H +Bω V Wherein A is the reliability coefficient of the magnetic memory detection crack, and B is the reliability coefficient of the eddy current detection crack;
when the crack damage factor F obtains the maximum value F on the jth detection track line max When calculating the crack depth G, G of the surface crack j Is that
In one embodiment, the reliability coefficient a of the magnetic memory detection crack is 0.2, and the reliability coefficient B of the eddy current detection crack is 0.8.
The invention also discloses a remanufacturability detection system of the ferromagnetic thin shaft, which comprises a track line module, a magnetic memory detection module, a damage judgment module and a scrapping judgment module. The track line module is used for determining n detection track lines with equal angular intervals along the axial direction on the surface of the ferromagnetic thin shaft. The magnetic memory detection module is used for respectively scanning the n detection track lines by utilizing a magnetic memory probe to obtain magnetic leakage signal data; the magnetic leakage signal data comprises n groups of tangential components H p (x) Data and n sets of normal components H p (y) data; calculating each set of said normal components H p (y) gradient value K in the data, obtaining maximum gradient value K in the magnetic leakage signal data max . The damage judging module is used for preliminarily judging whether the ferromagnetic thin shaft is damaged or not; when K is max <0.7A/m.mm, and maximum value K max Adjacent normal component H at p When (y) notequal to 0, preliminarily judging that the ferromagnetic thin shaft is not damaged; when 0.7A/m.mm is less than or equal to K max If the magnetic thin axis is less than or equal to 10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin axis is primarily judged to have slight damage; when K is max >10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin shaft is primarily judged to have serious damage. The scrapping judgment module is used for judging that the ferromagnetic thin shaft is slightly damaged according to magnetismThe memory probe measures the magnetic field intensity H and judges the absolute value delta H= |H of the difference value of the adjacent magnetic field intensity i+1 -H i Whether or not is larger than 15A/m; if yes, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped; if not, judging that the surface crack exists in the shaft, and detecting the crack depth of the surface crack; if the crack depth is greater than 10% of the shaft diameter, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped; and the method is also used for judging that the shaft is scrapped when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is preliminarily judged to be severely damaged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effective effects:
1. through the ferromagnetic thin shaft of electronic three-jaw chuck centre gripping, the motor drives three-jaw chuck and rotates for can the angle that the automatic control axle was rotated, the height of the lift-off value of magnetic memory probe and vortex probe is controlled with three-coordinate platform, combines the conveyer belt motion can realize automated inspection.
2. According to the working condition of the ferromagnetic thin shaft, the area which is easy to damage is determined by combining simulation analysis, then the vulnerable part is rapidly judged through magnetic memory detection, the surface crack which is difficult to judge is secondarily judged by utilizing the technical advantages of eddy current detection, and the crack depth can be obtained by utilizing a data fusion algorithm and combining magnetic memory and eddy current signals.
3. The magnetic memory detection technology and the eddy current detection technology are combined together to form fusion detection, and the characteristics of magnetic memory and eddy current detection are combined to form advantage complementation, so that the accuracy and defect type of detection are greatly improved, the detection time is shortened, the omission of a single detection scheme is greatly avoided, and the method can be widely used for remanufacturing detection of ferromagnetic thin shafts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft.
FIG. 2 is a step diagram of a method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft.
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional block diagram of a remanufacturable inspection system for a ferromagnetic thin shaft.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of data fusion in a method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-magnetic memory detection probe, a 2-vortex detection probe, a 3-electric three-jaw chuck, a 4-conveyor belt, a 5-three-coordinate motion platform and a 6-workbench.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It is noted that when an element is referred to as being "mounted to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly secured to the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "or/and" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment discloses a method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft, which includes the following steps S1-S3.
S1, determining n detection track lines with equal angular intervals along the axial direction on the surface of a ferromagnetic thin shaft.
S2, scanning the n detection track lines by using a magnetic memory probe to obtain magnetic leakage signal data. The magnetic leakage signal data comprises n groups of tangential componentsQuantity H p (x) Data and n sets of normal components H p (y) data. In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2, an electric three-jaw chuck is used to clamp a ferromagnetic thin shaft; and then using a numerical control three-coordinate moving platform to control the magnetic memory probe to scan along the detection track line. During scanning, the lift-off value of the magnetic memory probe is 1mm. And after the scanning along the first detection track line is completed, the electric three-jaw chuck rotates to enable the next track line to correspond to the magnetic memory probe until all the detection track lines are completely detected, and the magnetic leakage signal data are obtained. Calculating each group of normal components H according to the magnetic leakage signal data p (y) gradient value K in the data; the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein l i To measure the distance from the point to the initial point, H p (y i ) Is the normal component of the measurement point. Finally obtaining the maximum gradient value K in the magnetic leakage signal data max . The maximum gradient value K max The acquisition of (1) comprises the steps of: firstly, comparing all gradient values K on each detection track line to obtain the maximum value of the gradient value K on each detection track line; comparing the maximum values of the gradient values K on the n detection track lines to obtain the maximum gradient value K max 。
S3, preliminarily judging whether the ferromagnetic thin shaft is damaged or not; when K is max <0.7A/m.mm, and maximum value K max Adjacent normal component H at p When (y) notequal to 0, preliminarily judging that the ferromagnetic thin shaft is not damaged; when 0.7A/m.mm is less than or equal to K max If the magnetic thin axis is less than or equal to 10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin axis is primarily judged to have slight damage; when K is max >10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin shaft is primarily judged to have serious damage.
S31, when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is judged to be undamaged in a preliminary way, the electric conductivities sigma of different positions of the ferromagnetic thin shaft are measured along the detection track line by using an eddy current detection probe, and when the absolute value delta sigma= |sigma of the difference value of adjacent electric conductivities i+1 -σ i |<When the speed is 5MS/m, the shaft is finally judged to be undamaged, and the shaft can be recycled; if the adjacent conductivity is different delta sigma>And when the speed is 5MS/m, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped and cannot be recycled. In this embodiment, when the eddy current probe detects along the detection track line, the frequency of eddy current detection is 60KHz, and the lift-off value of the eddy current probe is 1mm. It should be noted that before the eddy current probe is used to detect the electrical conductivity σ of the ferromagnetic thin axis at different positions along the axial direction, it is necessary to ensure that the magnetic memory probe successfully detects the magnetic leakage signal data.
S32, when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is slightly damaged, judging the absolute value delta H= |H of the difference value of the adjacent magnetic field intensity according to the magnetic field intensity H measured by the magnetic memory probe i+1 -H i Whether or not is larger than 15A/m; if yes, finally judging that residual stress exists in the shaft, and scrapping the shaft; if not, judging that the surface crack exists in the shaft, and detecting the crack depth of the surface crack; if the crack depth is greater than 10% of the shaft diameter, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped; if the crack depth is less than 10% of the shaft diameter, the shaft is finally judged to be recyclable.
In this embodiment, when detecting the crack depth, the output voltage V of the eddy current probe is first obtained when the eddy current probe is detected along n detection track lines, so as to obtain the maximum value V of the eddy current detection output voltage max Specific procedures and K max The similarity is obtained, the maximum value on each track line is determined first, and then n maximum values are compared to obtain V max . Then determining the maximum value H of tangential component of magnetic leakage in the magnetic leakage signal data pmax (x) The steps are the same. And then to the output voltage V and tangential component H p (x) Normalization processing is carried out to obtain a weight coefficient omega H And omega V Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
then, the crack damage factor F of the surface crack on each track line is calculated, wherein F=Aω H +Bω V Wherein A is the reliability coefficient of the magnetic memory detection crack, and B is the reliability coefficient of the eddy current detection crack. In this embodiment, the reliability coefficient A of the magnetic memory detection crack isAnd 0.2, and the reliability coefficient B of the eddy current inspection crack is 0.8. When the crack damage factor F obtains the maximum value F on the jth detection track line max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the crack depth G of the surface crack; crack depth G, where G j Is->
S33, when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is seriously damaged, judging that the shaft is scrapped.
According to the embodiment, the ferromagnetic thin shaft is clamped by the electric three-jaw chuck, the motor drives the three-jaw chuck to rotate, the rotating angle of the shaft can be automatically controlled, the height of the lift-off value of the magnetic memory probe and the vortex probe is controlled by the three-coordinate platform, and automatic detection can be realized by combining the movement of the conveying belt. The vulnerable part is rapidly judged through magnetic memory detection, and the surface crack which is difficult to judge is secondarily judged by utilizing the technical advantages of eddy current detection, and the crack depth can be obtained by utilizing a data fusion algorithm and combining magnetic memory and eddy current signals. The magnetic memory detection technology and the eddy current detection technology are combined together to form fusion detection, and the characteristics of magnetic memory and eddy current detection are combined to form advantage complementation, so that the accuracy and defect type of detection are greatly improved, the detection time is shortened, the omission of a single detection scheme is greatly avoided, and the method can be widely used for remanufacturing detection of ferromagnetic thin shafts.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the present embodiment discloses a remanufacturing method for a ferromagnetic thin shaft by metal magnetic memory and eddy current detection, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, adopting physical field simulation software and combining actual working conditions to obtain a ferromagnetic stress analysis chart through a finite element method, further determining a position with higher damage probability of a thin shaft, and simultaneously drawing n detection track lines on the surface of the ferromagnetic shaft at equal angular intervals along the axial direction.
Secondly, the ferromagnetic shaft is clamped by an electric three-jaw chuck 3, and simultaneously the shaft is axially along the north-south direction, and a numerical control three-coordinate moving platform 5 is usedThe magnetic memory probe 1 is scanned along the track, the height of the probe lift-off value is kept unchanged by 1mm, and when the measurement is completed along the first track line, the motor drives the electric three-jaw chuck 3 to rotate so that the next track line is directly above until all the calibrated track lines are completely measured. The detected magnetic leakage signal data comprises H p (x) Data and n sets of normal components H p (y) data. A normal component H measured from each of the track lines p (y) discrete data because of gradient values
Wherein li is the distance from the measuring point to the initial point, so that the maximum gradient value on each track line can be obtained, and the maximum gradient value on each track line is compared and taken as the maximum value of K max 。
When gradient K max <Normal component H at 0.7A/m.multidot.mm and around this value p When (y) notequal to 0, the primary judgment is not damaged, then the secondary judgment is carried out by utilizing the eddy current detection, the height of the eddy current detection frequency of 60KHz and the lift-off value is ensured to be 1mm, when the eddy current detection probe 2 detects the data of the electric conductivities sigma of different positions along the axial direction, when the absolute value delta sigma= |sigma of the difference value of adjacent electric conductivities i+1 -σ i |<When the pressure is 5MS/m, the shaft can be judged to be undamaged, can be directly recovered, and can be reused after simple remanufacturing treatment. If the adjacent conductivity is different delta sigma>At 5MS/m, the shaft is considered to be no longer of recycling value and is directly discarded.
When the gradient value satisfies 0.7A/m.mm.ltoreq.K max When the magnetic field intensity is less than or equal to 10.5A/m.mm, the damage can be judged, and the absolute value delta H= |H of the difference value of the adjacent magnetic field intensities is used i+1 -H i Whether or not is larger than 15A/m; if the damage exists, namely, large residual stress exists in the damage, the damage can directly enter the scrapping stage, and if the damage does not exist, the damage can be considered as surface crack.
And thirdly, further surface crack detection is carried out by using an eddy current method, the eddy current detection frequency is ensured to be 60KHz, the height of a lift-off value is ensured to be 1mm, and the measured eddy current detection output voltage signal data and the magnetic leakage tangential signal data measured in the second step are subjected to characteristic-level data fusion to comprehensively judge the damage depth of the surface crack.
Fourth, fusing and analyzing magnetic memory and eddy current signal characteristics related to crack depth, respectively taking the maximum value of magnetic leakage tangential components and the maximum value of eddy current detection output voltage on each track line, and taking the maximum value H of magnetic leakage tangential components on all track lines pmax (x) And an eddy current detection output voltage omega H And omega V Wherein, the method comprises the steps of, wherein,
and setting the reliability of the magnetic memory detection crack to be 0.2 and the reliability of the eddy current detection crack to be 0.8, and using F to represent the crack damage factor of the crack on each track line. And when F on the jth track line is the maximum value, G is used for indicating the absolute depth of the crack on the jth track line, if G is smaller than the threshold value, the remanufacturing repair stage is carried out, otherwise, the remanufacturing repair stage does not have recovery value any more, and the remanufacturing repair stage is directly scrapped.
In the present embodiment, the maximum value of the output voltage signal V of the eddy current detection on each track and the tangential signal H of the metal magnetic memory detection are calculated p (x) After normalization processing is carried out on the maximum value of the ferromagnetic thin axis, two crack characteristic signals are converted into dimensionless numbers and are fused, so that the crack depth of the ferromagnetic thin axis can be comprehensively represented.
In this embodiment, the ferromagnetic thin shaft is clamped by the electric three-jaw chuck 3, the electric three-jaw chuck 3 is driven by the motor to rotate, so that the rotating angle of the thin shaft can be automatically controlled, and the metal magnetic memory detection three-coordinate moving platform and the eddy current detection three-coordinate moving platform are obliquely and symmetrically arranged on the workbench 6, so that the detection probes of the metal magnetic memory detection three-coordinate moving platform and the eddy current detection three-coordinate moving platform are separated by a certain distance, and the signal interference between the metal magnetic memory detection three-coordinate moving platform and the eddy current detection three-coordinate moving platform is small in the detection process. The heights of the lift-off values of the metal magnetic memory probe 1 and the eddy current detection probe 2 are adjusted, then the motor rotating speed and the motor rotating direction of the conveyor belt 4 are selected, the moving speed of the thin shaft is guaranteed not to be too high, the speed of feedback receiving of detection signals can be met, the thin shaft is guaranteed to be detected by magnetic memory first, then the eddy current is detected, and the eddy current detection is prevented from causing secondary interference to the magnetic memory detection.
The method of the embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the embodiment, the ferromagnetic thin shaft is clamped by the electric three-jaw chuck, the motor drives the three-jaw chuck to rotate, the rotating angle of the shaft can be automatically controlled, the height of the lift-off value of the magnetic memory probe and the vortex probe is controlled by the three-coordinate platform, and automatic detection can be realized by combining the movement of the conveying belt.
2. According to the working condition of the thin shaft, the area which is easy to damage in a large probability is determined by combining simulation analysis, then the vulnerable part is rapidly judged by magnetic memory detection, the surface crack which is difficult to judge is secondarily judged by utilizing the technical advantages of eddy current detection, and the crack depth can be obtained by utilizing a data fusion algorithm and combining magnetic memory and eddy current signals.
3. The magnetic memory detection technology and the eddy current detection technology are combined together to form fusion detection, and the characteristics of magnetic memory and eddy current detection are combined to form advantage complementation, so that the accuracy and defect type of detection are greatly improved, the detection time is shortened, the omission of a single detection scheme is greatly avoided, and the method can be widely used for remanufacturing detection of ferromagnetic thin shafts.
Example 3
The embodiment discloses a remanufacturability detection system of a ferromagnetic thin shaft, which comprises a track line module, a magnetic memory detection module, a damage judgment module and a scrapping judgment module. The track line module is used for determining n detection track lines with equal angular intervals along the axial direction on the surface of the ferromagnetic thin shaft. The magnetic memory detection module is used for respectively scanning the n detection track lines by utilizing a magnetic memory probe to obtain magnetic leakage signal data; the magnetic leakage signal data comprises n groups of tangential components H p (x) Data and n sets of normal components H p (y) data; calculating each set of said normal components H p (y) gradient value K in the data, obtaining maximum gradient value K in the magnetic leakage signal data max . The damage judging module is used for preliminarily judging whether the ferromagnetic thin shaft is damaged or not; when K is max <0.7A/m.mm, and maximum value K max Adjacent normal component H at p When (y) notequal to 0, preliminarily judging that the ferromagnetic thin shaft is not damaged; when 0.7A/m.multidot.mm is less than or equal toK max If the magnetic thin axis is less than or equal to 10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin axis is primarily judged to have slight damage; when K is max >10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin shaft is primarily judged to have serious damage; and
the scrapping judgment module is used for judging the absolute value delta H= |H of the difference value of the adjacent magnetic field intensity according to the magnetic field intensity H measured by the magnetic memory probe when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is primarily judged to be slightly damaged i+1 -H i Whether or not is larger than 15A/m; if yes, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped; if not, judging that the surface crack exists in the shaft, and detecting the crack depth of the surface crack; if the crack depth is greater than 10% of the shaft diameter, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped; and the method is also used for judging that the shaft is scrapped when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is preliminarily judged to be severely damaged.
This embodiment is used for the same advantageous effects as embodiment 1.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present invention, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present application is to be determined by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft, comprising the steps of:
s1, determining n detection track lines with equal angular intervals along the axial direction on the surface of a ferromagnetic thin shaft;
s2, scanning the n detection track lines by using a magnetic memory probe to obtain magnetic leakage signal data; the magnetic leakage signal data comprisesn groups of tangential components H p (x) Data and n sets of normal components H p (y) data; calculating each set of said normal components H p (y) gradient value K in the data, obtaining maximum gradient value K in the magnetic leakage signal data max ；
S3, preliminarily judging whether the ferromagnetic thin shaft is damaged or not; when K is max <0.7A/m.mm, and maximum value K max Adjacent normal component H at p When (y) notequal to 0, preliminarily judging that the ferromagnetic thin shaft is not damaged; when 0.7A/m.mm is less than or equal to K max If the magnetic thin axis is less than or equal to 10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin axis is primarily judged to have slight damage; when K is max >10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin shaft is primarily judged to have serious damage;
s31, when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is judged to be undamaged in a preliminary way, the electric conductivities sigma of different positions of the ferromagnetic thin shaft are measured along the detection track line by using an eddy current detection probe, and when the absolute value delta sigma= |sigma of the difference value of adjacent electric conductivities i+1 -σ i |<When the speed is 5MS/m, the shaft is finally judged to be undamaged, and the shaft can be recycled; if the adjacent conductivity is different delta sigma>When the speed is 5MS/m, the shaft is finally judged to be scrapped and cannot be recycled;
s32, when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is slightly damaged, judging the absolute value delta H= |H of the difference value of the adjacent magnetic field intensity according to the magnetic field intensity H measured by the magnetic memory probe i+1 -H i Whether or not is larger than 15A/m; if yes, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped; if not, judging that the surface crack exists in the shaft, and detecting the crack depth of the surface crack; if the crack depth is greater than 10% of the shaft diameter, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped; if the crack depth is less than 10% of the shaft diameter, the shaft can be finally judged to be recycled;
s33, when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is seriously damaged, judging that the shaft is scrapped.
2. The method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft according to claim 1, wherein the gradient value K is based on the normal component H on each of the detection tracks p Obtaining discrete data of (y); the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein l i To measure the distance from the point to the initial point, H p (y i ) Is the normal component of the measurement point.
3. The method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft according to claim 2, wherein the maximum gradient value K max The acquisition of (1) comprises the steps of: firstly, comparing all gradient values K on each detection track line to obtain the maximum value of the gradient value K on each detection track line; comparing the maximum values of the gradient values K on the n detection track lines to obtain the maximum gradient value K max 。
4. The method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the acquiring of the magnetic leakage signal data comprises the steps of: firstly, clamping a ferromagnetic thin shaft by using an electric three-jaw chuck; then using a numerical control three-coordinate moving platform to control the magnetic memory probe to scan along the detection track line; and after the scanning along the first detection track line is completed, the electric three-jaw chuck rotates to enable the next track line to correspond to the magnetic memory probe until all the detection track lines are completely detected, and the magnetic leakage signal data are obtained.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the magnetic memory probe has a lift-off height of 1mm when the magnetic memory probe scans the ferromagnetic thin shaft along the detection track line.
6. The method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft according to claim 4, wherein after the magnetic memory probe detects the magnetic leakage signal data, the eddy current probe is used to detect the electrical conductivity σ of the ferromagnetic thin shaft at different positions along the axial direction.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S31, the eddy current probe is used for detecting along the detection track line at a frequency of 60KHz, and the height of the lift-off value of the eddy current probe is 1mm.
8. The method for detecting the remanufacturability of a ferromagnetic thin shaft according to claim 1, wherein the detection of the crack depth comprises the steps of:
obtaining output voltage V of the eddy current detection probe during detection along n detection track lines, and obtaining the maximum value V of the eddy current detection output voltage max ；
Determining the maximum value H of tangential component of magnetic leakage in the magnetic leakage signal data pmax (x)；
For output voltage V and tangential component H p (x) Normalization processing is carried out to obtain a weight coefficient omega H And omega V Wherein:
calculating a crack damage factor F of the surface crack on each track line;
F＝Aω H +Bω V
wherein A is the reliability coefficient of the magnetic memory detection crack, and B is the reliability coefficient of the eddy current detection crack;
when the crack damage factor F obtains the maximum value F on the jth detection track line max The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Calculating the crack depth G of the surface crack;
G j is that
9. The method according to claim 6, wherein the reliability coefficient a of the magnetic memory test crack is 0.2 and the reliability coefficient B of the eddy current test crack is 0.8.
10. A remanufacturable detection system for a ferromagnetic thin shaft, comprising:
a trace line module for determining n detection trace lines with equal angular intervals along the axial direction on the surface of the ferromagnetic thin shaft;
the magnetic memory detection module is used for respectively scanning the n detection track lines by utilizing a magnetic memory probe to obtain magnetic leakage signal data; the magnetic leakage signal data comprises n groups of tangential components H p (x) Data and n sets of normal components H p (y) data; calculating each set of said normal components H p (y) gradient value K in the data, obtaining maximum gradient value K in the magnetic leakage signal data max ；
The damage judging module is used for preliminarily judging whether the ferromagnetic thin shaft is damaged or not; when K is max <0.7A/m.mm, and maximum value K max Adjacent normal component H at p When (y) notequal to 0, preliminarily judging that the ferromagnetic thin shaft is not damaged; when 0.7A/m.mm is less than or equal to K max If the magnetic thin axis is less than or equal to 10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin axis is primarily judged to have slight damage; when K is max >10.5A/m.mm, the ferromagnetic thin shaft is primarily judged to have serious damage; and
the scrapping judgment module is used for judging the absolute value delta H= |H of the difference value of the adjacent magnetic field intensity according to the magnetic field intensity H measured by the magnetic memory probe when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is primarily judged to be slightly damaged i+1 -H i Whether or not is larger than 15A/m; if yes, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped; if not, judging that the surface crack exists in the shaft, and detecting the crack depth of the surface crack; if the crack depth is greater than 10% of the shaft diameter, finally judging that the shaft is scrapped; and the method is also used for judging that the shaft is scrapped when the ferromagnetic thin shaft is preliminarily judged to be severely damaged.
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| US5430376A (en) * | 1993-06-09 | 1995-07-04 | General Electric Company | Combined thermoelectric and eddy-current method and apparatus for nondestructive testing of metallic of semiconductor coated objects |
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