CN114113200B - Lithium ion battery specific heat capacity testing method based on heat flux density measurement - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery specific heat capacity testing method based on heat flux density measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN114113200B CN114113200B CN202111140406.6A CN202111140406A CN114113200B CN 114113200 B CN114113200 B CN 114113200B CN 202111140406 A CN202111140406 A CN 202111140406A CN 114113200 B CN114113200 B CN 114113200B
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- ion battery
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- temperature
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001739 density measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of specific heat capacity test of lithium ion batteries, and relates to a method for testing specific heat capacity of a lithium ion battery based on heat flux density measurement, which comprises the following steps: s1, placing a lithium ion battery with a heat flux sensor and a temperature sensor attached to the surface in a high-low temperature test box, setting the temperature T1, standing for more than 3 hours, and recording the temperature T of the lithium ion battery Battery 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the S2, setting the temperature of the high-low temperature test chamber to be T2, standing for more than 1 hour, and recording the value H (T) of the heat flow density sensor in the standing process and the value T of the temperature sensor after standing for 1 hour Battery 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And S3, measuring the mass and the surface area of the lithium ion battery, and calculating the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery according to the thermal model of the lithium ion battery. The testing method provided by the invention can calculate the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery through the measurement of the heat flux density, is simple and convenient to implement, has low testing cost and is wide in application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of specific heat capacity testing of lithium ion batteries, and relates to a method for testing specific heat capacity of a lithium ion battery based on heat flux density measurement.
Background
The lithium ion battery is increasingly widely used because of the advantages of long cycle life, high energy density, low self-discharge rate, no memory effect and the like. In lithium ion battery applications, the safe use of the battery has a great correlation with the temperature of the battery. When the battery has accidents such as overcharge, extrusion collision, internal and external short circuits and the like, the temperature of the lithium ion battery is extremely easy to be excessively high, and accidents such as thermal runaway, even fire explosion and the like occur. Therefore, there is a need for effective and reliable management of the temperature of lithium ion batteries. The specific heat capacity of the battery is a key parameter in battery thermal management, and accurately acquiring the specific heat capacity of the battery plays a key role in battery thermal management.
The existing method for obtaining the specific heat capacity of the battery is mainly divided into: a cooling method and a heating method; the cooling method needs to calibrate the heat dissipation of the battery in advance, the method needs to ensure the relative stability of the experimental environment, the convection condition in the experimental process needs to be kept consistent, and the testing method is extremely sensitive to the environmental condition, so that the error of the testing result is easy to occur; the heating method can effectively measure the specific heat capacity of the battery by using an accelerated adiabatic calorimeter (Accelerating rate calorimeter, ARC) and is based on the following principle: the cell was placed in an ARC cavity, the ARC measured the cell temperature by a temperature sensor attached to the cell surface and the cavity temperature was kept consistent, creating a cavity adiabatic environment by means of temperature tracking. In the experiment, two batteries are used for clamping a heating plate which is as large as the surface of the battery, the battery is heated by the heating plate at the known power P, and the heat generated by the heating plate is used for heating the battery and raising the temperature because the cavity can be assumed to be an adiabatic environment. But this method is difficult to be widely used due to expensive test equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention aims to: the specific heat capacity test method for the lithium ion battery based on the heat flux density measurement comprises the following specific technical scheme:
a lithium ion battery specific heat capacity test method based on heat flux density measurement comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly and closely attaching a heat flux density sensor and a temperature sensor to the surface of a lithium ion battery by using a high-temperature adhesive tape; and adding a radiator on the surface of the lithium ion battery, filling a gap between the lithium ion battery and the radiator by adopting heat conduction silicone grease, and covering the anode and the cathode of the lithium ion battery by adopting a material with poor heat conduction. The lithium ion battery is placed in a high-low temperature test box in a suspending mode, the temperature of the high-low temperature test box is set to be T1, the lithium ion battery is kept stand for more than 3 hours, and the temperature T of the lithium ion battery after the lithium ion battery is kept stand for 3 hours is recorded Battery 1 ；
S2, setting the temperature of the high-low temperature test chamber to be T2, standing for more than 1 hour, and recording the value H (T) of the heat flow density sensor in the standing process and the value T of the temperature sensor after standing for 1 hour Battery 2 ；
S3, measuring the mass of the lithium ion battery and the surface area of the lithium ion battery, wherein the surface area of the lithium ion battery does not consider the area of the anode and the cathode of the lithium ion battery, calculating the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery according to a thermal model of the lithium ion battery, the thermal model of the lithium ion battery is shown as a formula (1),
mC′ p ΔT battery cell ＝E Heat generation -E Heat dissipation (1)
Wherein m is the mass of the lithium ion battery, C' p Is specific heat capacity, delta T of lithium ion battery Battery cell The temperature variation of the lithium ion battery is T in the step S1 Battery 1 Subtracting T in step S2 Battery 2 Is a difference in (2); e (E) Heat generation Is the heat generation amount of the lithium ion battery, and E Heat generation ＝0；E Heat dissipation The heat dissipation capacity of the lithium ion battery is shown as a formula (2),
E heat dissipation ＝∫H(t)·Sdt≈∑H(t i )·S·Δt (2)
Wherein H (t) i ) Is t th i The heat flux density value at each moment, S is the surface area of the lithium ion battery, and delta t is the time interval between two sampling points;
the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery is shown as (3),
。
on the basis of the technical scheme, the material with poor thermal conductivity is as follows: insulating heat insulating spacer.
Based on the technical scheme, the lithium ion battery is as follows: ternary material power battery.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the ternary material power battery comprises: lithium manganate power battery and lithium iron phosphate power battery.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the temperature sensor comprises: and a thermocouple.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. according to the heat flow density measurement-based specific heat capacity testing method for the lithium ion battery, an expensive testing instrument is not needed, and the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery can be obtained through measurement and calculation of the heat flow density;
2. the specific heat capacity test method for the lithium ion battery based on the heat flux density measurement can quickly obtain the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery, is simple and convenient to implement, low in test cost and wide in application range.
Drawings
The invention has the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat flux density variation process;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the change of the surface temperature curve of the lithium ion battery at different positions.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and figures.
The following specific examples illustrate a 18650 type lithium ion battery.
A lithium ion battery specific heat capacity test method based on heat flux density measurement comprises the following specific steps:
s1, uniformly distributing the heat flux density sensor and the thermocouple on the 18650 electric core by using a high-temperature adhesive tape. At the same time, heat flow is arrangedThe 18650 cell behind the density sensor and thermocouple is put into cylindrical radiator, use the heat conduction silicone grease to fill up the gap between radiator and the lithium ion battery, then adopt the poor material of heat conduction (such as insulating heat insulation gasket) to cover the positive and negative poles of lithium ion battery, at this moment, consider the heat dissipation of lithium ion battery mainly through the contact part heat dissipation with radiator. The lithium ion battery is suspended in the high-low temperature test box, and the heat dissipation effect of the lithium ion battery in all directions can be considered to be consistent. Setting the temperature of a high-low temperature test box to 21 ℃, standing the lithium ion battery for 3 hours, and recording the temperature T of the lithium ion battery Battery 1 。
S2, setting the temperature of the high-low temperature test chamber to 26 ℃, at the moment, along with the change of the temperature of the high-low temperature test chamber, the temperature of the lithium ion battery also changes, and recording the value H (T) of the heat flux density sensor on the surface of the lithium ion battery and the temperature T after 1 hour in the process Battery 2 . The recorded thermal flux density change process curve is shown in fig. 1, and the surface temperature of the lithium ion battery is shown in fig. 2. The battery temperature 1 is a value of a temperature sensor at a certain position point on the lithium ion battery, the battery temperature 2 is a value of a temperature sensor at another position point on the lithium ion battery, and the temperature curves at different positions are basically overlapped as can be seen from fig. 2, which indicates that the heat dissipation or heating effects at each position of the lithium ion battery are consistent.
S3, a thermal model of the lithium ion battery is shown in a formula (1).
mC′ p ΔT Battery cell ＝E Heat generation -E Heat dissipation (1)
Wherein m is the mass of the lithium ion battery, C' p Is specific heat capacity, delta T of lithium ion battery Battery cell Is the temperature variation of the lithium ion battery, E Heat generation For generating heat of battery E Heat dissipation And is the heat dissipation capacity of the battery.
ΔT Battery cell For T in step S1 Battery 1 Subtracting T in step S2 Battery 2 Difference of E Heat generation ＝0，
E Heat dissipation The calculation of (2) is as shown in the formula.
E Heat dissipation ＝∫H(t)·Sdt≈ΣH(t i )·S·Δt (2)
Wherein H (t) i ) Is t th i The heat flux density value at each time point, S is the surface area of the lithium ion battery, and Deltat is the time interval between two sampling points. At this time, the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery is calculated as in formula (3).
In this example Δt was 0.05s, and mass m of the lithium ion battery was 36.1g. Since the heat dissipation area of the lithium ion battery in this example does not consider the area of the positive and negative electrodes, s=0.0037 m 2 . The specific heat capacity of the 18650 type lithium ion battery used in this example was calculated to be 890J/(kg·deg.c) according to the formula (3).
It should be understood that the foregoing examples of the present invention are merely illustrative of the present invention and not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention, and that various other changes and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the above description, and it is not intended to be exhaustive of all of the embodiments, and all obvious changes and modifications that come within the scope of the invention are defined by the following claims.
What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. The lithium ion battery specific heat capacity testing method based on heat flux density measurement is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, uniformly and closely attaching a heat flux density sensor and a temperature sensor to the surface of a lithium ion battery by using a high-temperature adhesive tape; adding a radiator on the surface of the lithium ion battery, filling a gap between the lithium ion battery and the radiator with heat conduction silicone grease, covering the anode and the cathode of the lithium ion battery with a material with poor heat conduction, suspending the lithium ion battery in a high-low temperature test box, and testing at high and low temperaturesThe temperature of the test box is set to be T1, the lithium ion battery is kept stand for more than 3 hours, and the temperature T of the lithium ion battery after 3 hours of standing is recorded Battery 1 ；
S2, setting the temperature of the high-low temperature test chamber to be T2, standing for more than 1 hour, and recording the value H (T) of the heat flow density sensor in the standing process and the value T of the temperature sensor after standing for 1 hour Battery 2 ；
S3, measuring the mass of the lithium ion battery and the surface area of the lithium ion battery, wherein the surface area of the lithium ion battery does not consider the area of the anode and the cathode of the lithium ion battery, calculating the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery according to a thermal model of the lithium ion battery, the thermal model of the lithium ion battery is shown as a formula (1),
mC′ p ΔT battery cell ＝E Heat generation -E Heat dissipation (1)
Wherein m is the mass of the lithium ion battery, C' p Is specific heat capacity, delta T of lithium ion battery Battery cell The temperature variation of the lithium ion battery is T in the step S1 Battery 1 Subtracting T in step S2 Battery 2 Is a difference in (2); e (E) Heat generation Is the heat generation amount of the lithium ion battery, and E Heat generation ＝0；E Heat dissipation The heat dissipation capacity of the lithium ion battery is shown as a formula (2),
E heat dissipation ＝∫H(t)·Sdt≈∑H(t i )·S·Δt (2)
Wherein H (t) i ) Is t th i The heat flux density value at each moment, S is the surface area of the lithium ion battery, and delta t is the time interval between two sampling points;
the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery is shown as (3),
2. the method for testing the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery based on the heat flux density measurement according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the material with poor thermal conductivity is as follows: insulating heat insulating spacer.
3. The method for testing the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery based on the heat flux density measurement according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the lithium ion battery comprises: ternary material power battery.
4. The method for testing the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery based on the heat flux density measurement according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the ternary material power battery comprises: lithium manganate power battery and lithium iron phosphate power battery.
5. The method for testing the specific heat capacity of the lithium ion battery based on the heat flux density measurement according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the temperature sensor includes: and a thermocouple.
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