CN114112778A - Device and method for rapidly detecting content of metal chromium in soil - Google Patents
Device and method for rapidly detecting content of metal chromium in soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114112778A CN114112778A CN202111122838.4A CN202111122838A CN114112778A CN 114112778 A CN114112778 A CN 114112778A CN 202111122838 A CN202111122838 A CN 202111122838A CN 114112778 A CN114112778 A CN 114112778A
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- soil
- stirring
- chromium
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012031 short term test Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for quickly detecting the content of metallic chromium in soil, which comprises a working platform, wherein the working platform is provided with a fixed support, and the fixed support is provided with a bin for feeding the soil; the stirring and scattering assembly is arranged on the fixed support, and stirring and scattering blades used for enabling soil to be in bulk are arranged inside the storage bin, so that the stirring and scattering blades can stir and scatter the soil through the stirring and scattering assembly, and the inside and the outside of the stirring and scattering assembly are uniformly dried; the weight measuring component is installed on the working platform, the weight measuring component is used for weighing the soil in the storage bin, the driving component used for carrying out multiple comparison detection work on the soil is arranged on the working platform, the device and the method for quickly detecting the content of the metal chromium in the soil can remove impurities inside the soil when the soil is uniformly dried by the aid of the stirring and scattering component and the weight measuring component, the soil is dried in bulk conveniently by the aid of stirring and scattering blades, and the impurities are removed by the aid of the filter plate after the soil flows out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection of chromium metal in soil, in particular to a device and a method for quickly detecting the content of chromium metal in soil.
Background
The heavy metal pollution of the soil refers to the exceeding of various heavy metal elements in the soil, which exceeds the limit value which can be borne by the soil, and the exceeding of the heavy metal has great influence on the self-circulation capability of the soil. According to statistics, the polluted soil area in China currently reaches 5000 ten thousand mu, and the heavy metal elements in the soil mainly comprise mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium, zinc, copper and the like. In recent years, the content of heavy metal elements in soil also tends to increase gradually. The harm of soil heavy metal pollution is very serious, and partial heavy metal elements can be absorbed by crops, and in the long-term growth process, the heavy metal elements in the crops can be gradually enriched and then enter a human body through a food chain, so that the health of the human body is greatly threatened.
Chromium is a micronutrient essential to humans, and a deficiency or excess of chromium poses serious hazards to humans and animals. The divalent chromium is generally considered to be nontoxic, the trivalent chromium is an essential active element of an animal body, the hexavalent chromium is one of main environmental pollutants, crops poisoned by the chromium are mainly shown on the roots of plants, and the green losing phenomenon appears on the surfaces of the plants;
when the chromium content in soil is detected, the following steps are often required: sampling, air drying, grinding, weighing, reagent selecting, instrument using, sample pretreatment, standard curve drawing and sample determination; in the process of sampling soil, the wettability in the soil is affected by the environment and has differences, and then the soil needs to be air-dried, however, the existing air-drying operation is to dry the soil surface, and then the surface of the soil is in a dry state, and the interior of the soil can still be in a wet state, on one hand, the working efficiency of soil detection is affected, on the other hand, foreign matters such as rotten wood blocks or coal cinder can be stored in the interior of the soil, and then the foreign matters can be doped in the soil when the soil is ground, the detection of chromium content is affected, and for this purpose, a device and a method for rapidly detecting the chromium content in the soil are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for rapidly detecting the content of metallic chromium in soil, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a device and a method for rapidly detecting the content of metal chromium in soil comprise a working platform, wherein a fixed support is arranged on the working platform, and a bin for feeding soil is arranged on the fixed support; the stirring and scattering assembly is arranged on the fixed support, and stirring and scattering blades used for enabling soil to be in bulk are arranged inside the storage bin, so that the stirring and scattering blades can stir and scatter the soil through the stirring and scattering assembly, and the inside and the outside of the stirring and scattering assembly are uniformly dried; the weight measuring assembly is installed on the working platform and used for weighing the soil in the storage bin and is provided with a driving assembly used for carrying out multiple comparison detection on the soil, so that the soil is stirred and dispersed, and the soil is uniformly dried.
Preferably, the dispersing assembly comprises a first motor body arranged on the fixed support, and a first bevel gear set used for changing the direction of force is arranged at the output end of the first motor body, wherein the first bevel gear set is composed of two bevel gears which are perpendicular to each other, and the dispersing blades are connected with one of the bevel gears through a rotating column, so that the first motor body drives the dispersing blades to disperse soil in the storage bin through the first bevel gear set, and impurities in the soil are exposed in the visual field under the action of the dispersing blades.
Preferably, a baffle plate for blocking soil is arranged in the bin, a first gear is arranged at the output end of the first motor body, a toothed plate for meshing with the first gear is arranged on the fixed support, independent teeth are arranged on the toothed plate, the independent teeth are connected with the toothed plate through a fixed connecting rod, and a return spring is arranged on the fixed connecting rod;
the utility model discloses a quick-witted slide rail structure, including fixed bolster, first gear engagement pinion rack, second gear engagement pinion rack, the fixed bolster is last to be provided with the slide rail body that is used for carrying out sliding connection with pinion rack and independent tooth, and be provided with spacing post on the slide rail body, just be provided with the fixed column on the pinion rack, be connected with it through L shape connecting rod between pinion rack and the baffle, first gear engagement pinion rack is controlled the baffle position under the effect of L shape connecting rod, first gear engagement independent tooth makes spacing post on the slide rail body inject the fixed column on the pinion rack under reset spring's effect, so that the pinion rack controls the ejection of compact under the effect of pinion rack through L shape connecting rod to make the earth after scattering from feed bin discharge gate department outflow under the effect of baffle.
Preferably, be provided with the fixed plate on the feed bin discharge gate, just fix through the bolt between fixed plate and the feed bin discharge gate, and be provided with between fixed plate and the feed bin discharge gate and be used for the filter that gets rid of foreign matter such as the rotten wood piece or cinder in the earth, so that earth filters through the filter and gets rid of the rotten wood piece or cinder in the earth to the messenger filters the cinder or the rotten wood piece in the earth.
Preferably, the weight measuring assembly comprises a balance body arranged on the working platform, trays are symmetrically arranged on the balance body, a weight is arranged on one tray, a first hinge rod group is arranged on the balance body, a sliding block is arranged on the first hinge rod group, and a limiting sliding rail used for being in sliding connection with the sliding block is arranged on the working platform;
feed bin discharge gate one side is provided with the supporting plate frame, and supporting plate frame inside is provided with and is used for carrying out sliding connection's drive block rather than, wherein be connected with it through second articulated rod group between drive block and the slider, so that the balance body is at the in-process that tends to balanced state, the slider passes through second articulated rod group control drive block and moves in the supporting plate frame, wherein feed bin discharge gate department is provided with the accuse flitch that is used for carrying out secondary control to the ejection of compact, just be connected with it through bent shape connecting rod between accuse flitch and the drive block, so that whether the accuse flitch is in the flush state through the balance body and controls the feed bin discharge gate to carry out the weight determination to the earth that flows.
Preferably, the working platform is provided with a second motor body, a second bevel gear set for changing the direction of force is arranged at the output end of the second motor body, the second bevel gear set is composed of bevel gears which are perpendicular to each other, the working platform is provided with support columns in parallel, one of the support columns is connected to the bevel gear, and the support columns are connected with the bevel gear through a conveying belt.
Preferably, one of them be provided with intermittent type nature gear on the support column, be provided with the spliced pole on the work platform, and be provided with on the spliced pole and be used for carrying out the second gear that meshes with intermittent type nature gear, just be provided with the carousel on the spliced pole, and be provided with on the carousel and be used for carrying out the test tube that detects earth, just be provided with semi-circular magnet on the carousel, and another be provided with the magnet body on the tray, and another the tray is close to test tube department position and is provided with the chute, so that the tray makes earth drop to the test tube in through the chute to make earth landing in the tray to the test tube in.
A method for rapidly detecting the content of metallic chromium in soil comprises the following steps:
step one, reagent selection: the method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a high-purity grade concentrated nitric acid, a high-purity grade hydrochloric acid, a high-purity grade hydrofluoric acid, perchloric acid, 1-1 hydrochloric acid, a 100 mu g/ml chromium standard solution and ammonium chloride;
step two, using an instrument: an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, a one-tenth-ten-thousandth balance body 61, a 50mL volumetric flask;
step three: sample pretreatment digestion: weighing 2g of soil sample, wetting the soil sample by using a few drops of water, adding 10ml of hydrochloric acid, heating the mixture on an electric hot plate at a low temperature, adding 10ml of nitric acid when evaporating to about 5ml of residual nitric acid, continuing heating and evaporating to a sticky state, adding 5ml of hydrofluoric acid, continuing heating, shaking the crucible frequently to achieve a better silicon removal effect, finally adding 3ml of perchloric acid, heating until white smoke is exhausted, adding 5ml of 10% ammonium chloride solution into the mixture, cooling, fixing the volume to a marked line, and waiting to be detected, wherein the soil decomposition product is starwhite or faint yellow, the crucible is in a non-flowing sticky state when being inclined, adding 3ml of (1+1) hydrochloric acid, warming soluble residues, transferring the total volume to a 50ml volumetric flask. Because the chromium compound is easy to generate oxide which is difficult to melt and atomize in the flame, proper cosolvent and inhibitor of interfering elements can be added into the test solution, ammonium chloride is selected, chloride ions which can increase the flame are added, chromium is enabled to generate chloride which is easy to volatilize and atomize, and the ammonium chloride can inhibit the interference of coexisting ions of iron, cobalt, nickel, vanadium, aluminum, magnesium, lead and the like;
step four: drawing a standard curve: accurately diluting the chromium standard substance to 0.00, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 2.50, 3.00 mL and 100mL volumetric flasks by using 100 mu g/mL of chromium standard substance, respectively adding 1mL of nitric acid, and adding water to fix the volume to a scale mark. And (5) carrying out curve detection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, soil is uniformly dried and simultaneously impurities in the soil are removed through the matching of the stirring and dispersing component and the weight measuring component, the soil is scattered in bulk and is convenient to dry, the impurities in the soil after flowing out are removed through the filter plate, the weight is placed on one tray on the balance, and then the weight of the soil flowing out is equal to the weight of the soil, the material control plate is closed to the material outlet through the matching of the first hinge rod group and the second hinge rod group, and the soil slides into the test tube under the action of the semicircular magnet and the magnet body.
2. The intermittent gear is arranged, so that soil on the other tray slides into the test tube under the attraction effect of the semicircular magnet and the magnet body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the present invention with the base removed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a dispersing assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the soil scattering operation of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the present invention with the fixing bracket removed;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a weight measuring assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure for controlling soil transport according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of soil transported into a test tube according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the tray and the test tube of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a working platform; 2-fixing the bracket; 3-a storage bin; 4-dispersing the components; 5-dispersing the leaves; 6-a weight measuring component; 7-a second motor body; 8-a sensor; 41-a first motor body; 42-a first bevel gear set; 43-a fixed seat; 44-rotating columns; 45-baffle plate; 46-a first gear; 47-toothed plate; 48-independent teeth; 49-fixed link; 401-a return spring; 402-a slide rail body; 403-a limiting column; 404-fixed columns; 405-an L-shaped link; 406-a fixed plate; 407-bolt; 408-a filter plate; 61-balance body; 62-a tray; 63-weight; 64-a first set of hinge rods; 65-a slide block; 66-a limit slide rail; 67-support plate frame; 68-a drive block; 69-a second set of hinge rods; 601-material control plate; 602-a curved link; 71-second bevel gear set; 72-support column; 73-a conveyor belt; 74-intermittent gear; 75-connecting column; 76-a second gear; 77-rotating disc; 78-test tube; 79-semicircular magnets; 701-a magnet body; 702-chute.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-10, the present invention provides a technical solution: the technical scheme solves the problems that in the existing detection process of the content of the chromium metal in the soil, the soil needs to be air-dried, the surface of the soil is dried due to air-drying operation, the surface of the soil is further in a dry state, the interior of the soil can still be in a wet state, on one hand, the working efficiency of soil detection is influenced, on the other hand, foreign matters such as rotten wood blocks or coal cinder can be stored in the soil, and further, the foreign matters can be doped in the soil during grinding work to influence the detection of the content of the chromium, and the scheme carries out corresponding improvement aiming at the problems, and a fixed support 2 arranged on a working platform 1 is provided with a bin 3 for feeding the soil; a stirring component 4 is arranged on the fixed support 2, and stirring blades 5 for dispersing the soil in bulk are arranged in the bin 3, so that the stirring blades 5 can stir and disperse the soil through the stirring component 4, and the inside and the outside of the stirring blades are uniformly dried; wherein install weight-measuring subassembly 6 on work platform 1, and weight-measuring subassembly 6 is used for weighing the earth in the feed bin 3 to be provided with the drive assembly who is used for carrying out multinomial contrast detection achievement to earth on work platform 1.
The stirring component 4 in the scheme comprises a first motor body 41 arranged on a fixed support 2, and a first bevel gear set 42 used for changing the direction of force is connected to the output end of the first motor body 41, wherein the first bevel gear set 42 is composed of two bevel gears which are perpendicular to each other, a stirring blade 43 is connected with one of the bevel gears through a rotating column 44, and a fixed seat 43 used for supporting the rotating column 44 is arranged on the fixed support 2, so that the first motor body 41 drives the stirring blade 43 to stir and disperse the soil in the storage bin 3 through the first bevel gear set 42; a baffle 45 for blocking soil is connected inside the bin 3, a first gear 46 is mounted at the output end of the first motor body 41, a toothed plate 47 for meshing with the first gear 46 is arranged on the fixed support 2, independent teeth 48 are arranged on two sides of the toothed plate 47, the independent teeth 48 are connected with the toothed plate 47 through a fixed connecting rod 49, and a return spring 401 is arranged on the fixed connecting rod 49; wherein the fixed bracket 2 is provided with a sliding rail body 402 which is used for being in sliding connection with the toothed plate 47 and the independent teeth 48, the sliding rail body 402 is symmetrically provided with limit posts 403, the middle part of the toothed plate 47 is provided with a fixed post 404, the toothed plate 47 and the baffle 45 are connected with each other through an L-shaped connecting rod 405, the first gear 46 is meshed with the toothed plate 47 to control the position of the baffle 45 under the action of the L-shaped connecting rod 405, the first gear 46 is meshed with the independent teeth 48 under the action of the return spring 401, so that the limit posts 403 on the sliding rail body 402 limit the fixed posts 404 on the toothed plate 47, the toothed plate 47 controls the discharge of the bin 3 under the action of the toothed plate 47 through the L-shaped connecting rod 405, when the first gear 46 is meshed to the tail end of the toothed plate 47, the first gear 46 rotates to be meshed with the independent teeth 48 at the moment, and the return spring 401 is arranged on the independent teeth 48, so that the independent teeth 48 are compressed by the return spring 401 when the first gear 46 is meshed, toothed plate 47 at this moment receives spacing post 403 on the slide rail body 402 through fixed column 404 and hinders, no longer moves, and when the tooth of first gear 46 and independent tooth 48 meshing finished and carried out next tooth meshing again, reset spring 401 makes independent tooth move to initial position on fixed link 49, and then when guaranteeing that first gear 46 rotates, toothed plate 47 no longer takes place the motion to make according to the positive and negative rotation of first motor body 41 and control baffle 45 position.
The bottom of a discharge port of the storage bin 3 is provided with a fixing plate 406, the fixing plate 406 and the discharge port of the storage bin 3 are fixed through bolts 407, and a filter plate 408 for removing foreign matters such as rotten wood blocks or coal slag in soil is arranged between the fixing plate 406 and the discharge port of the storage bin 3, so that the soil is filtered and removed through the filter plate 408; the weight measuring assembly 6 comprises a balance body 61 arranged on the working platform 1, trays 62 are symmetrically arranged on the balance body 61, a weight 63 is placed on one tray 62, a first hinge rod group 64 is arranged on the balance body 61 close to the tray 62 on which the weight 63 is placed, a sliding block 65 is arranged on the first hinge rod group 64, and a limiting sliding rail 66 which is used for being in sliding connection with the sliding block 65 is arranged on the working platform 1; one side of the discharge port of the storage bin 3 is provided with a supporting plate frame 67, and a driving block 68 which is used for being in sliding connection with the supporting plate frame 67 is arranged inside the supporting plate frame 67, and the supporting plate frame 67 in the scheme is connected to the working platform 1, wherein the driving block 68 is connected with the sliding block 65 through a second hinge rod group 69, so that the balance body 61 is in the process of tending to the balance state, the sliding block 65 controls the driving block 68 to move in the supporting plate frame 67 through the second hinge rod group 69, wherein the bottom of the discharge port of the storage bin 3 is provided with a material control plate 601 for controlling the discharge port again, and the material control plate 601 is connected with the driving block 68 through a curved connecting rod 602, so that the material control plate 601 controls the discharge port of the storage bin 3 through whether the balance body 61 is in the flush state.
The working platform 1 is provided with a second motor body 7, the output end of the second motor body 7 is connected with a second bevel gear group 71 for changing the direction of force, the second bevel gear group 71 is composed of bevel gears which are vertical to each other, the bottom of the balance in the scheme is provided with a limiting column, the limiting column is provided with an inductor 8 for sending signals to the second motor body, the working platform 1 is provided with support columns 72 in parallel, one support column 72 is connected with the bevel gears, the support columns 72 are connected with each other through a conveyor belt 73, one support column 72 is provided with an intermittent gear 74, the working platform 1 is provided with a connecting column 75, the connecting column 75 is provided with a second gear 76 which is meshed with the intermittent gear 74, one end of the connecting column 75 is connected with a turntable 77, and the turntable 77 is provided with a test tube 78 for detecting soil, and a semicircular magnet 79 is installed on the turntable 77 at a position close to the test tube 78, a magnet body 701 is installed on the tray 62 at a position close to the test tube 78, and a chute 702 is arranged at a position close to the test tube 78 of the other tray 62, so that the tray 62 can make the soil fall into the test tube 78 through the chute 702.
A method for rapidly detecting the content of metallic chromium in soil is suitable for the system for rapidly detecting the content of metallic chromium:
step one, reagent selection: the method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a high-purity grade concentrated nitric acid, a high-purity grade hydrochloric acid, a high-purity grade hydrofluoric acid, perchloric acid, 1-1 hydrochloric acid, a 100 mu g/ml chromium standard solution and ammonium chloride;
step two, using an instrument: an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, a one-tenth-ten-thousandth balance body 61, a 50mL volumetric flask;
step three: sample pretreatment digestion: weighing 2g of soil sample, wetting the soil sample by using a few drops of water, adding 10ml of hydrochloric acid, heating the mixture on an electric hot plate at a low temperature, adding 10ml of nitric acid when evaporating to about 5ml of residual nitric acid, continuing heating and evaporating to a sticky state, adding 5ml of hydrofluoric acid, continuing heating, shaking the crucible frequently to achieve a better silicon removal effect, finally adding 3ml of perchloric acid, heating until white smoke is exhausted, adding 5ml of 10% ammonium chloride solution into the mixture, cooling, fixing the volume to a marked line, and waiting to be detected, wherein the soil decomposition product is starwhite or faint yellow, the crucible is in a non-flowing sticky state when being inclined, adding 3ml of (1+1) hydrochloric acid, warming soluble residues, transferring the total volume to a 50ml volumetric flask. Because the chromium compound is easy to generate oxide which is difficult to melt and atomize in the flame, proper cosolvent and inhibitor of interfering elements can be added into the test solution, ammonium chloride is selected, chloride ions which can increase the flame are added, chromium is enabled to generate chloride which is easy to volatilize and atomize, and the ammonium chloride can inhibit the interference of coexisting ions of iron, cobalt, nickel, vanadium, aluminum, magnesium, lead and the like;
step four: drawing a standard curve: accurately diluting the chromium standard substance to 0.00, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 2.50, 3.00 mL and 100mL volumetric flasks by using 100 mu g/mL of chromium standard substance, respectively adding 1mL of nitric acid, and adding water to fix the volume to a scale mark. And (5) carrying out curve detection.
According to the scheme, the soil is stirred and dispersed through the matching of the stirring component 4 and the weight measuring component 6, the inner part and the outer part of the soil are uniformly dried, meanwhile, sundries in the soil are filtered under the action of the filter plate 408, the influence of impurities mixed in the soil on chromium metal detection is avoided, a worker pours the sampled soil into the bin 3, the first motor body 41 is started, at the moment, the first bevel gear group 42 at the output end of the first motor body 41 rotates, the rotating column 4444 fixed on the fixing seat 43 drives the stirring blades 5 to rotate, so that the soil in the bin 3 is distributed in bulk inside the bin 3, after the soil is uniformly stirred and dispersed, the first motor body 41 rotates reversely, so that the first gear 46 is meshed with the toothed plate 47 to move reversely on the sliding rail body 402, the baffle 45 slides out through the L-shaped connecting rod 405, and the soil slides out of the bin 3, because the first gear 46 is meshed with the independent tooth 48 at the moment, and the independent tooth 48 is connected with the toothed plate 47 through the fixed connecting rod 49, and further when the first gear 46 is meshed with the independent tooth 48, the independent tooth 48 is extruded by the acting force to the return spring 401 at the moment, and the reaction force given to the toothed plate 47 by the return spring 401 is offset by the contact of the limit column 403 and the fixed column 404, and further when the first gear 46 rotates, the toothed plate 47 at the moment drives the baffle 45 to be at the limit position, so that the soil is ensured to flow out of the bin 3, the flowing soil is filtered by the filter plate 408, as the filter plate 408 is fixed between the outlet of the bin 3 and the fixed plate 406 through the bolts 407, the user can replace the soil by dismounting the bolts 407 after a plurality of tests, the flowing soil falls onto one tray 62 on the balance body 61, and the other tray 62 is placed with 63, furthermore, the balance in the initial state is an inclined angle, when the weight of the soil reaches a certain degree, the balance tends to be in a flush state, so that the tray 62 with the weights 63 is moved upwards, the first hinge rod group 64 drives the slide block 65 to move directionally on the limit slide rail 66, so that the slide block 65 drives the driving block 68 to move directionally on the support plate frame 67 through the second hinge rod group 69, the control plate 601 is driven to block the discharge hole of the storage bin 3 under the action of the curved connecting rod 602, so that the balance body 61 is not fed when in the flush state, therefore, the weight of the soil falling onto the balance body 61 is known, the limit column 403 is installed at the bottom of the balance in the scheme, the sensor 8 for sending a signal to the second motor body 7 is installed on the limit column 403, and the second motor body 7 is started to drive the second bevel gear group 71 to rotate, thereby make support column 72 carry out synchronous rotation, drive another support column 72 through conveyer belt 73 and rotate, thereby make intermittent type nature gear 74 mesh second gear 76, it rotates in step to drive carousel 77 through spliced pole 75, because install semi-circular magnet 79 around the test tube 78 on the carousel 77, and then attract each other with magnet body 701 on another tray 62 on the balance body 61, make earth landing to the test tube 78 in through chute 702 on the tray 62, so that staff's accessible this scheme of messenger carries out multinomial contrast test, avoid debris to cause the influence to the detection of metal chromium content in the earth simultaneously.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a metal chromium content short-term test device in soil which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the device comprises a working platform (1), wherein a fixed support (2) is arranged on the working platform (1), and a storage bin (3) for feeding soil is arranged on the fixed support (2);
the stirring and dispersing assembly (4) is arranged on the fixed support (2), and stirring and dispersing blades (5) used for enabling soil to be in bulk are arranged inside the storage bin (3), so that the stirring and dispersing blades (5) can stir and disperse the soil through the stirring and dispersing assembly (4), and the inside and the outside of the stirring and dispersing assembly are uniformly dried;
the weight measuring component (6) is installed on the working platform (1), the weight measuring component (6) is used for weighing the soil in the storage bin (3), and a driving component used for carrying out multiple items of comparison detection work on the soil is arranged on the working platform (1).
2. The device and the method for rapidly detecting the content of the metallic chromium in the soil according to claim 1 are characterized in that: the stirring and dispersing component (4) comprises a first motor body (41) arranged on the fixed support (2), a first bevel gear set (42) used for changing the direction of force is arranged at the output end of the first motor body (41), the first bevel gear set (42) consists of two bevel gears which are perpendicular to each other, and the stirring and dispersing blade (5) is connected with one of the bevel gears through a rotating column (44), so that the first motor body (41) drives the stirring and dispersing blade (5) to stir and disperse soil in the storage bin (3) through the first bevel gear set (42).
3. The device for rapidly detecting the content of metallic chromium in soil according to claim 2, wherein: a baffle (45) used for blocking soil is arranged in the bin (3), a first gear (46) is arranged at the output end of the first motor body (41), a toothed plate (47) used for being meshed with the first gear (46) is arranged on the fixed support (2), an independent tooth (48) is arranged on the toothed plate (47), the independent tooth (48) is connected with the toothed plate (47) through a fixed connecting rod (49), and a return spring (401) is arranged on the fixed connecting rod (49);
the fixed support (2) is provided with a sliding rail body (402) which is used for being in sliding connection with the toothed plate (47) and the independent teeth (48), a limiting column (403) is arranged on the sliding rail body (402), a fixing column (404) is arranged on the toothed plate (47), the toothed plate (47) is connected with the baffle plate (45) through an L-shaped connecting rod (405), the first gear (46) is meshed with the toothed plate (47) to control the position of the baffle (45) under the action of the L-shaped connecting rod (405), the first gear (46) is meshed with the independent tooth (48), so that a limit column (403) on the sliding rail body (402) limits a fixed column (404) on the toothed plate (47) under the action of a return spring (401), so that the toothed plate (47) controls the discharging of the storage bin (3) under the action of the toothed plate (47) through the L-shaped connecting rod (405).
4. The device for rapidly detecting the content of metallic chromium in soil according to claim 3, wherein: be provided with fixed plate (406) on feed bin (3) discharge gate, just fix through bolt (407) between fixed plate (406) and feed bin (3) discharge gate, and be provided with between fixed plate (406) and feed bin (3) discharge gate and be used for carrying out filter (408) of getting rid of foreign matters such as rotten wood piece or cinder in the earth, so that earth filters the rotten wood piece or cinder in the earth through filter (408) and gets rid of.
5. The device for rapidly detecting the content of metallic chromium in soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the weight measuring assembly (6) comprises balance bodies (61) arranged on a working platform (1), trays (62) are symmetrically arranged on the balance bodies (61), a weight (63) is arranged on one tray (62), a first hinge rod group (64) is arranged on the balance body (61), a sliding block (65) is arranged on the first hinge rod group (64), and a limiting sliding rail (66) used for being in sliding connection with the sliding block (65) is arranged on the working platform (1);
a supporting plate frame (67) is arranged on one side of the discharge hole of the storage bin (3), a driving block (68) which is in sliding connection with the supporting plate frame (67) is arranged in the supporting plate frame (67), wherein the driving block (68) is connected with the sliding block (65) through a second hinge rod group (69), so that the slide block (65) controls a driving block (68) to move in the supporting plate frame (67) through a second hinge rod group (69) in the process that the balance body (61) tends to be in a balanced state, wherein a material control plate (601) for controlling the discharging again is arranged at the discharging opening of the storage bin (3), the material control plate (601) is connected with the driving block (68) through a curved connecting rod (602), so that the material control plate (601) controls the discharge hole of the storage bin (3) through whether the balance body (61) is in a flush state or not.
6. The device for rapidly detecting the content of metallic chromium in soil according to claim 5, wherein: the working platform is characterized in that a second motor body (7) is arranged on the working platform (1), a second bevel gear set (71) used for changing the direction of force is arranged at the output end of the second motor body (7), the second bevel gear set (71) is composed of bevel gears which are perpendicular to each other, supporting columns (72) are arranged on the working platform (1) in parallel, one of the supporting columns (72) is connected to the bevel gear, and the supporting columns (72) are connected with the bevel gear through a conveying belt (73).
7. The device for rapidly detecting the content of metallic chromium in soil according to claim 6, wherein: one of them be provided with intermittent type nature gear (74) on support column (72), be provided with spliced pole (75) on work platform (1), and be provided with on spliced pole (75) and be used for carrying out second gear (76) that mesh with intermittent type nature gear (74), just be provided with carousel (77) on spliced pole (75), and be provided with on carousel (77) and be used for carrying out test tube (78) that detect to earth, just be provided with semi-circular magnet (79) on carousel (77), and on another be provided with magnet body (701) on tray (62), and another tray (62) are close to test tube (78) department position and are provided with chute (702), so that tray (62) make earth drop to test tube (78) in through chute (702).
8. The method for rapidly detecting the content of metallic chromium in soil according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
step one, reagent selection: the method comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a high-purity grade concentrated nitric acid, a high-purity grade hydrochloric acid, a high-purity grade hydrofluoric acid, perchloric acid, 1-1 hydrochloric acid, a 100 mu g/ml chromium standard solution and ammonium chloride;
step two, using an instrument: an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, a one-tenth-ten-thousandth balance body (61), and a 50mL volumetric flask;
step three: sample pretreatment digestion: weighing 2g of soil sample, wetting the soil sample by using a few drops of water, adding 10ml of hydrochloric acid, heating the mixture on an electric heating plate at a low temperature, adding 10ml of nitric acid when evaporating to about 5ml of residual hydrochloric acid, continuing heating and evaporating to be viscous, adding 5ml of hydrofluoric acid, continuing heating, frequently shaking the crucible to achieve a better silicon removal effect, finally adding 3ml of perchloric acid, heating until white smoke is exhausted, adding a soil decomposition product to be starwhite or faint yellow, inclining the crucible to be non-flowing viscous, adding 3ml of (1+1) hydrochloric acid, warming soluble residues, transferring the total amount to a 50ml volumetric flask, adding 5ml of 10% ammonium chloride solution, cooling, fixing the volume to a marked line, and measuring; because the chromium compound is easy to generate oxide which is difficult to melt and atomize in the flame, proper cosolvent and inhibitor of interfering elements can be added into the test solution, ammonium chloride is selected, chloride ions which can increase the flame are added, chromium is enabled to generate chloride which is easy to volatilize and atomize, and the ammonium chloride can inhibit the interference of coexisting ions of iron, cobalt, nickel, vanadium, aluminum, magnesium, lead and the like;
step four: drawing a standard curve: accurately diluting the chromium standard substance to 0.00, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, 2.50, 3.00 mL and 100mL volumetric flasks by using 100 mu g/mL chromium standard substance, respectively adding 1mL nitric acid, adding water to fix the volume to a scale mark, and carrying out curve detection.
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| CN112179733A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-01-05 | 刘辅林 | Soil sampling pretreatment device for environment detection |
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| US20040009610A1 (en) * | 1999-04-29 | 2004-01-15 | The University Of Wyoming Research Corporation D/B/A Western Research Institute | Organic contaminant soil extraction system |
| KR20180073889A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-07-03 | 한국기술교육대학교 산학협력단 | A method of detecting heavy metal ions in contaminated soil and a system of the same |
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