Partial load performance test method for gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of performance tests of combined cycle split-shaft units, and particularly relates to a partial load performance test method of a gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit.
Background
The gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit is provided with a gas turbine and a gas turbine generator and a steam turbine generator, the output of the gas turbine generator and the steam turbine generator can be measured independently, the split-shaft unit is usually used for heating or power grid peak shaving, most of the split-shaft units are usually operated under partial load working conditions, the performance of the partial load working conditions influences the economic index of the split-shaft unit, the performance of the partial load is also listed as a guaranteed value in a contract, and at present, all main equipment suppliers and third party test units have no engineering experience on the test for the performance of the partial load of the combined cycle split-shaft unit.
The performance test of the combined cycle split-shaft unit is usually carried out based on ASME PTC46-2015 standard, and the ASME PTC46 is modified and adopted as an industry standard in China, namely DL/T2156-2020 thermal generator unit overall performance test procedure implemented by 2021, 2 months and 1 day. The performance test of the gas turbine unit is usually carried out based on ASME PTC22 or ISO2314 standard, modified by the 'equivalent translation method' in China and adopted ISO2314-2009 as national standard, namely GB/T14100-2016 'gas turbine acceptance test' implemented on 1 day 3 in 2017.
The "power after correction" method is mentioned in DL/T2156-2020 for partial load performance test, the purpose of which is to determine the heat rate at the net power after correction, then when the net power of the unit is adjusted as close as possible to the design value after correction to the reference parameter condition, the combined cycle output and the heat rate under test condition are corrected to the reference condition by the correction method, the calculation process involved in the method is too complicated; while the "specified measured power test" method is applicable to unit performance tests with afterburning or other means of increasing the power generated, the method is not explicitly applicable to combined cycle split-shaft unit part load performance tests, nor is the relevant description of gas turbine part load performance tests mentioned in standard GB/T14100-2016.
For the combined cycle split-axis unit, the operation of the gas turbine and the combined cycle unit is greatly affected by the operation boundary, and when the performance test is performed, it is difficult to adopt the method of 'prescribing corrected power' mentioned in DL/T2156-2020, so that the corrected power is in the vicinity of the target value, and how the test is performed is not clearly prescribed in the standard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for testing the partial load performance of a gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit, which adopts a method for setting the output of a gas turbine after addition and correction to test the partial load performance of the combined cycle split-shaft unit, firstly determines the operation mode of the combined cycle split-shaft unit, determines the flow of the partial load performance test of the combined cycle split-shaft unit under the operation mode, provides a method for correcting the combined cycle output and the combined cycle heat rate under the partial load working condition, optimizes the method for prescribing the corrected power mentioned in the standard DL/T2156-2020, and ensures that the partial load performance test of the combined cycle split-shaft unit has engineering operability.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a partial load performance test method of a gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit comprises the following steps:
s1, before performance test starts, setting the gas turbine output in a control system to be the gas turbine output P after additive correction GT,set ;
S2, operating the combined cycle split-shaft unit under the condition of 'setting the output of the gas turbine after addition correction', and waiting for the thermal stability of the split-shaft unit;
s3, when the operation boundary and the operation parameters of the split-axis unit meet the standard requirements, starting a performance test and collecting data;
s4, stopping the test when the data to be collected meet the requirements in the performance test standard;
s5, finishing the data, calculating to obtain the combined cycle output and the combined cycle heat rate, and correcting the combined cycle output and the combined cycle heat rate to the reference working condition.
Further, the configuration of the gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit does not comprise an afterburner and an inlet air cooling device, the control system is a TCS system, and the standard is DL/T2156-2020.
Further, in step S1, before performance test starts, operation data of a split-axis unit is collected for the split-axis unit requiring performance test of combined cycle part-load working conditions, and a gas turbine output is set in a control system for current working conditions to be gas turbine output P after addition correction GT,set 。
Further, in step S1, the gas turbine output target value P is set according to the exciting power and the power factor of the gas turbine generator GT,refer. Correcting to obtain the output set value P of the gas turbine GT,set Tool for cleaning and cleaningThe body adopts the formula (1),
P GT,set =P GT,refer. +P GT,EXC. +P P.F. (1)
in the formula (1), P GT,set Set point for gas turbine output, P GT,EXC. Exciting power for gas turbine generator, P P.F. Additive correction of the power factor to the gas turbine output.
Further, in step S2, the combined cycle split-shaft unit operates under the "gas turbine output after setting addition correction", isolates the steam-water system according to the performance test standard requirement, and waits for the split-shaft unit to enter a thermal stable state.
Further, between the steps S2 and S3, the method further comprises the steps of checking whether the exciting power and the power factor of the gas turbine generator are stable, and if not, setting the value P of the output of the gas turbine according to the exciting power and the power factor of the gas turbine generator again GT,set And (5) adjusting.
Further, in step S3, data is collected by using an instrument with accuracy conforming to the performance test standard, and the collected data includes the power of the generator end of the gas turbine, the atmospheric temperature, the atmospheric pressure, the relative humidity, the pressure loss of the air intake system, the natural gas temperature, the natural gas flow and the circulating water temperature.
Further, in step S5, the data are collated, and the combined cycle output is calculated by adopting the formula (2), so that the combined cycle output is corrected to the reference working condition,
in the formula (2), P corr For the corrected combined cycle output, Δ2 is the additive correction of the power factor to the combined cycle output, Δ8 is the additive correction of the steam-water leakage amount to the combined cycle output, Δ9 is the additive correction of the circulating water temperature and flow to the combined cycle output, and α 1 For correction of combined cycle output by atmospheric temperature, alpha 2 For correction of combined cycle output by atmospheric pressure, alpha 3 For correction of combined cycle output by relative humidity, alpha 4 For the correction of natural gas temperature to combined cycle output, alpha 5 Correction of combined circulation output for natural gas hydrocarbon ratio and low-heat value, alpha 6 Correction of combined cycle output for air intake system pressure loss, alpha 7 For correction of combined cycle output for turbine speed, alpha 8 Correction of combined cycle output for gas turbine output deviation from target value, K P,deg Correcting the combined cycle output for the aging of the combined cycle split-axis unit;
wherein: p (P) gross =P meas. -P EXC. Wherein P is gross The output of the combined cycle generator is obtained, and the exciting power is subtracted; p (P) meas. Actually measuring the output for the combined cycle generator end; p (P) EXC. Exciting power for the combined cycle generator.
Further, in step S5, the data are collated, and the combined cycle heat rate is calculated by adopting the formula (3), so that the combined cycle heat rate is corrected to the reference working condition,
in the formula (3), H corr To correct the combined cycle heat rate, Q meas,GT Heat input to the combustion chamber of a gas turbine, f 1 For correcting the heat rate of the combined cycle by the atmospheric temperature, f 2 For the correction of the heat rate of the combined cycle by the atmospheric pressure, f 3 For the correction of the relative humidity to the heat rate of the combined cycle, f 4 For correcting the heat rate of the combined cycle by the natural gas temperature, f 5 For correcting the heat consumption rate of the combined cycle by the hydrocarbon ratio and the low-level heat value of the natural gas, f 6 For correcting the pressure loss of the air inlet system and the heat consumption rate of the combined cycle, f 7 For correcting the heat consumption rate of the combined cycle by the turbine rotating speed, f 8 Correction of combined cycle heat rate for gas turbine output deviation from target value, K H,deg Repair of combined cycle heat rate for combined cycle split shaft unit agingPositive.
Further, after step S5, the corrected combined cycle output and the combined cycle heat rate are compared with the performance guarantee value in the contract, and if the guarantee value requirement is reached, the performance test is ended.
The invention provides a partial load performance test method suitable for a gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit, namely a gas turbine output method after addition correction is set, the operation of the combined cycle split-shaft unit is controlled by setting the gas turbine output after addition correction, and if the test working condition deviates from the reference working condition operation boundary, only the combined cycle output and the combined cycle heat rate are corrected to the reference working condition.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the partial load performance test of the gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit is carried out by setting the method of adding and correcting the output of the gas turbine, so that the performance checking process is more scientific and rigorous;
firstly, according to the configuration and the operation characteristics of the combined cycle split-shaft unit, the split-shaft unit is controlled to operate in a mode of setting the output of the gas turbine after addition correction under the partial load working condition of the split-shaft unit, and the split-shaft unit has the characteristic of easy operation; under the operation mode, a partial load performance test flow and a correction method of the partial load working condition combined cycle output and the combined cycle heat rate of the combined cycle split-shaft unit are provided, and the correction method similar to the combined cycle full load performance test in the performance test standard is adopted, so that the test flow and the correction method are popular and easy to understand, scientific and strict;
the method for testing the partial load performance of the combined cycle split-shaft unit optimizes the method for regulating the corrected power mentioned in the standard DL/T2156-2020, so that the combined cycle split-shaft unit partial load performance test has engineering operability, and is more accurate and easy to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the boundary of a partial load performance test of a gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a partial load working condition performance test of the gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit.
Detailed Description
As shown in FIG. 2, the partial load performance test method of the gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit comprises the following steps:
s1, before performance test starts, collecting operation data of a split-axis unit aiming at a combined cycle split-axis unit needing to perform combined cycle partial load working condition performance test, and setting the gas turbine output in a TCS control system aiming at the current working condition to be the gas turbine output P after addition correction GT,set Output target value P of gas turbine according to exciting power and power factor of gas turbine generator GT,refer. Correcting to obtain the output set value P of the gas turbine GT,set Specifically, by adopting the formula (1),
P GT,set =P GT,refer. +P GT,EXC. +P P.F. (1)
in the formula (1), P GT,set Set point for gas turbine output, P GT,EXC. Exciting power for gas turbine generator, P P.F. Adding and correcting the output force of the gas turbine for the power factor;
s2, operating the combined cycle split-shaft unit under the condition of 'setting the output of the gas turbine after addition correction', isolating the steam-water system according to the standard requirement of the performance test, and waiting for the split-shaft unit to enter a thermal stable state;
s3, checking whether the exciting power and the power factor of the gas turbine generator are stable, and if so, setting the value P of the gas turbine output according to the exciting power and the power factor of the gas turbine generator again GT,set Adjusting;
s4, when the operation boundary and operation parameters of the split-shaft unit meet the requirements of the standard DL/T2156-2020, starting a performance test, and acquiring data by adopting instrument measurement with accuracy meeting the performance test standard, wherein the acquired data comprise the power of a generator end of a gas turbine, the power of the generator end of the gas turbine, the atmospheric temperature, the atmospheric pressure, the relative humidity, the pressure loss of an air inlet system, the temperature of natural gas, the flow of natural gas and the temperature of circulating water;
s5, stopping the test when the data to be collected meet the requirements in the performance test standard;
s6, finishing the data, adopting the formula (2) to calculate and obtain the combined cycle output, further correcting the combined cycle output to the reference working condition,
in the formula (2), P corr For the corrected combined cycle output, Δ2 is the additive correction of the power factor to the combined cycle output, Δ8 is the additive correction of the steam-water leakage amount to the combined cycle output, Δ9 is the additive correction of the circulating water temperature and flow to the combined cycle output, and α 1 For correction of combined cycle output by atmospheric temperature, alpha 2 For correction of combined cycle output by atmospheric pressure, alpha 3 For correction of combined cycle output by relative humidity, alpha 4 For the correction of natural gas temperature to combined cycle output, alpha 5 Correction of combined circulation output for natural gas hydrocarbon ratio and low-heat value, alpha 6 Correction of combined cycle output for air intake system pressure loss, alpha 7 For correction of combined cycle output for turbine speed, alpha 8 Correction of combined cycle output for gas turbine output deviation from target value, K P,deg Correcting the combined cycle output for the aging of the combined cycle split-axis unit;
wherein: p (P) gross =P meas. -P EXC. Wherein P is gross The output of the combined cycle generator is obtained, and the exciting power is subtracted; p (P) meas. Actually measuring the output for the combined cycle generator end; p (P) EXC. Exciting power for the combined cycle generator;
and the combined cycle heat rate is calculated by adopting the formula (3), so that the combined cycle heat rate is corrected to the reference working condition,
in the formula (3), H corr To correct the combined cycle heat rate, Q meas,GT Heat input to the combustion chamber of a gas turbine, f 1 For correcting the heat rate of the combined cycle by the atmospheric temperature, f 2 For the correction of the heat rate of the combined cycle by the atmospheric pressure, f 3 For the correction of the relative humidity to the heat rate of the combined cycle, f 4 For correcting the heat rate of the combined cycle by the natural gas temperature, f 5 For correcting the heat consumption rate of the combined cycle by the hydrocarbon ratio and the low-level heat value of the natural gas, f 6 For correcting the pressure loss of the air inlet system and the heat consumption rate of the combined cycle, f 7 For correcting the heat consumption rate of the combined cycle by the turbine rotating speed, f 8 Correction of combined cycle heat rate for gas turbine output deviation from target value, K H,deg And correcting the heat consumption rate of the combined cycle for the aging of the combined cycle split-axis unit.
And S7, comparing the corrected combined cycle output and the corrected combined cycle heat rate with performance guarantee values in the contract, ending the performance test if the requirements of the guarantee values are met, and carrying out the steps S1-S7 again if the requirements of the performance test are not met, and correcting the combined cycle output and the combined cycle heat rate again.
The configuration of the gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit does not contain devices for increasing the output of the split-shaft unit, such as afterburning, air inlet cooling and the like, the output of the gas turbine is set as a target value during test, and the combined cycle output and the combined cycle heat consumption rate are corrected from a test working condition to a reference working condition. As shown in figure 1 as a test boundary, the combined cycle split-axis unit is considered as a whole, and the cold end adopts the temperature and flow of the circulating water to correct the combined cycle output.
In the invention, the gas-steam combined cycle split-shaft unit is provided with a gas turbine, a gas turbine generator, a steam turbine generator and a waste heat boiler, the gas turbine output and the steam turbine output can be measured independently, the gas turbine output can be set in a control system, and the split-shaft unit operates under the set gas turbine output.
The working principle of the gas-steam combined cycle split shaft unit is as follows: the thermodynamic cycle system of the combined cycle split-shaft unit is a complex cycle system formed by combining the Brayton cycle of a gas turbine and the Rankine cycle of a steam-water system, a gas compressor of the gas turbine sucks air, the air is compressed in the gas compressor, fuel is sprayed into a combustion chamber for combustion, the compressed air and the fuel are mixed for combustion and generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas enters a turbine and pushes the turbine to do work, meanwhile, the turbine discharges exhaust gas, the exhaust gas discharged by the turbine enters a waste heat boiler and serves as a heat source to heat water into high-temperature and high-pressure steam, the steam enters a steam turbine to push blades to do work, and the power generation output of the gas turbine and the steam turbine is measured through generators respectively configured.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.