CN114111888A - Intelligent environment monitoring system of no cable low-power consumption - Google Patents
Intelligent environment monitoring system of no cable low-power consumption Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A low-power consumption cable-free intelligent environment monitoring method is characterized in that an intelligent environment monitoring system is composed of a sensor combination, a wireless converter, a wireless receiving control unit, a digital remote controller, an alarm host and a general control computer. The sensor combination and the wireless converter form a data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device transmits the measuring point parameter values to the wireless receiving controller through a wireless network. The wireless receiving controller acquires the data and then transmits the environment monitoring data to the alarm host outside the monitoring area door in a wired mode through the network cable. The alarm host judges the acquired data, and when the monitored gas concentration value exceeds an alarm line, the alarm host sends out an audible and visual alarm signal and displays alarm parameters and specific positions in real time. The alarm host transmits the monitoring data to the general control computer. The general control computer displays the monitoring value and the specific position of the sensor in real time; and sending a setting instruction to the alarm host through the monitoring software, so as to realize the monitoring of the alarm host.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cableless low-power-consumption intelligent environment monitoring system, and belongs to the technical field of measurement.
Background
When the spacecraft is stored on the ground or is transported and moved on the ground, if the solid engine propellant leaks, the solid engine propellant can cause great loss to the products of on-duty personnel, engines and equipment.
The traditional environment monitoring method is that storage and watch personnel use handheld monitoring equipment to detect the concentration of toxic gas, and if the gas concentration exceeds the standard, the propellant is considered to be leaked. However, this approach has four disadvantages:
1. only the ambient gas concentration in the storage can be measured, and the concentration in the carrier and even the leakage point of the engine cannot be measured. Because the external structure of the carrier is generally designed in an airtight or watertight manner, when the external environment detects that toxic gas exceeds the standard, the engine propellant is leaked frequently, and the safety of watchmen cannot be guaranteed or the best remedy opportunity of measures cannot be guaranteed.
2. The manual testing method cannot fix the monitoring time at regular time, is influenced by external factors and reduces the measurement times.
3. The manual data recording method cannot store and analyze data.
4. The requirement on the threshold of interpreters is too high, and the authenticity of early warning when the numerical value exceeds the standard cannot be determined.
Therefore, the traditional detection mode brings great potential safety hazards to the watchmen and equipment products.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the defects of the prior art are overcome, the cableless low-power-consumption intelligent environment monitoring system is provided, parameters such as solid propellant, temperature and humidity can be monitored in real time in a fixed period at a safe position (at the rear end) in a storage warehouse and in a transportation process, data can be stored, big data can be compared and analyzed, and the leakage trend can be found in advance. If the concentration exceeds the limit, the alarm is given, so that the safety of products and personnel is ensured.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a cableless low-power consumption intelligent environment monitoring system comprises a sensor combination, a wireless converter, a wireless receiving control unit, an alarm host, a digital remote controller and a general control computer;
the sensor combination and the wireless converter form a data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device transmits the environment monitoring data to the wireless receiving controller through a wireless network; the environment monitoring data comprises sensor monitoring values and position information;
the wireless receiving controller acquires data and then transmits the environment monitoring data to an alarm host outside a monitoring area door in a wired mode through a network cable;
the alarm host judges the received sensor monitoring value, and when the sensor monitoring value exceeds the corresponding alarm line, the alarm host sends an audible and visual alarm signal and displays the sensor monitoring value and the position information for alarming in real time;
the alarm host is provided with an Ethernet port, and environment monitoring data is transmitted to the main control computer in a wired mode through optical fibers/network cables;
the main control computer receives environment monitoring data and alarm information sent by the alarm host, and displays and stores the data in real time; the main control computer sends a setting instruction to the alarm host through the monitoring software to monitor the alarm host;
the digital remote controller is communicated with the data acquisition device and is used for setting the acquisition period, the dormancy state or the awakening state of the communication of the data acquisition device; and the acquisition device is used for acquiring the environment monitoring data, and sending out an alarm signal when the monitoring value of the sensor exceeds a corresponding alarm line.
Preferably, the intelligent environment monitoring system is used for monitoring a plurality of areas, each monitoring area is provided with one wireless receiving controller, and the multi-path data acquisition device is in direct communication with the wireless receiving controllers to complete multi-path data acquisition and transmission.
Preferably, the wireless network adopts a 2.4GHz ZigBee protocol and adopts a one-master multi-slave wireless sensor network form of a star topology structure.
Preferably, the sensor monitoring values include temperature, propellant gas concentration, pressure, humidity, and the like.
Preferably, the alarm line for the sensor monitoring value is determined in a preset manner.
Preferably, the system also comprises a network switch, the alarm host is provided with an Ethernet port, and the environment monitoring data is transmitted to the network switch located in the duty room through optical fibers/network cables and then transmitted to the main control computer.
Preferably, the digital remote controller is provided with a low-frequency channel and a high-frequency channel, the low-frequency channel is used for setting the data acquisition device to be in a dormant or awakening state, and the high-frequency channel is used for acquiring the environmental monitoring data of the device.
Preferably, the wireless receiving controller has a multi-band communication function and is used for realizing data communication and measuring point exchange functions among multiple monitoring environments.
Preferably, the wireless sensor is of a split structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention flexibly networks: the intelligent wireless sensor network star-shaped topological structure is adopted, the self-networking function is achieved, flexible increase and decrease of sensor sub-nodes before networking are met, flexible setting of propellant leakage measuring points is achieved, wiring is not needed, and automatic networking is achieved;
(2) the system has a data expansion function and can meet the high-reliability transmission requirements of various services of sensor sub-nodes with different numbers, and particularly comprises three data services of a 6kHz high-frequency signal, a 300Hz low-frequency signal and a 50Hz slowly-varying signal;
(3) the invention can carry out monitoring for a long time in a fixed period, and ensures that the monitoring data is continuously and accurately recorded and stored;
(4) according to the invention, the contact type measurement of the leakage point is realized, the defect of external measurement of the traditional handheld concentration measuring equipment structure is overcome, and the leakage point is early warned at the first time;
(5) the invention realizes automatic interpretation and reduces the technical professional requirement threshold of the watchman;
(6) the invention realizes remote measurement and ensures the safety of the on-duty personnel;
(7) the invention realizes the long-term measurement requirement, a single lithium battery can be used for 2 years (the monitoring period is 30min per time), and if the battery is allowed to be replaced, the continuous working can be realized for more than 10 years;
(8) the intelligent monitoring system has the acousto-optic alarm function, realizes the alarm linkage mechanism of the monitoring position and the duty room, and can early warn the evacuated personnel in time;
(9) the software has multi-level management mode operation authority, and is convenient for monitoring team management;
(10) the invention should have the node state and network state self-checking function.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a system architecture.
Fig. 2 is a combined schematic block diagram of a split type wireless temperature and humidity concentration sensor.
Fig. 3 is an external view of the data acquisition device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a wireless data reception controller.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of a wireless data receiving controller.
Fig. 6 is a functional block diagram of a digital remote controller.
Fig. 7 is an external view of the digital remote controller.
Fig. 8 is a schematic block diagram of the alarm host.
Fig. 9 is a schematic block diagram of the overall control computer.
Fig. 10 is a field diagram of a packet of a wireless sensor network.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A low-power consumption cableless intelligent environment monitoring method mainly adopts the technical scheme that:
the intelligent environment monitoring system consists of a sensor combination (3 paths of gas concentration measuring points, 1 path of temperature measuring points and 1 path of humidity measuring points), a wireless converter, wireless receiving control, a digital remote controller, an alarm host and a general control computer, and is shown in figure 1.
The sensor combination and the wireless converter form a data acquisition device which is powered by a lithium manganese battery in the wireless converter. And the data acquisition device transmits the measuring point parameter values to the wireless receiving controller through a wireless network. The wireless receiving controller acquires the data and then transmits the environment monitoring data to the alarm host outside the monitoring area door in a wired mode through the network cable. The alarm host judges the acquired data, and when the monitored gas concentration value exceeds an alarm line, the alarm host sends out an audible and visual alarm signal and displays alarm parameters and specific positions in real time. The alarm host is provided with an Ethernet port, and the monitoring data is transmitted to a network switch located in a duty room through an optical fiber/network cable and then transmitted to the main control computer. The main control computer receives data such as sensor monitoring values, position information, alarm information and the like sent by the alarm host computer and displays the sensor monitoring values and specific positions in real time; the main control computer can also send a setting instruction to the alarm host through the monitoring software, so that the monitoring of the alarm host is realized.
The system can use the digital remote controller to carry out data query on the system, considering that monitoring is required during the transportation of the carrier besides storing an environment for environment monitoring. In order to meet the use requirement of long-term watch, the digital remote controller has the functions of sleeping, awakening the data acquisition device and setting the acquisition period.
The wireless data network is completed based on the selection of the 2.4GHz ZigBee technology, and a one-master multi-slave wireless sensor network with a star topology structure as a system networking mode is constructed based on the 2.4GHz ZigBee technology, namely: a wireless receiving device is installed in one monitoring area, and the multi-channel sensors are in direct communication with the wireless receiving device to complete multi-channel data acquisition and transmission.
More specifically:
1. wireless data acquisition device mode of operation
a) A sleep mode: the sensitive function of each node is closed, the wireless function is closed, the microprocessor module on the node is approximately in a shutdown state, the low energy consumption is kept, and the node can be awakened through a digital remote controller.
b) Networking mode: after the sensor sub-nodes are awakened, the sensitive function is still closed, the microprocessor module on the nodes starts working, the wireless function is opened according to the awakening requirement, and networking processes such as synchronization, roll calling, time slot allocation and the like are completed.
The working mode is as follows: in the networking state, each sensor sub-node receives a broadcast timing packet sent by the wireless data synthesizer, completes data acquisition and sends measurement data according to a time slot distribution table, and if a synchronous signal of the wireless data synthesizer is not received within 200ms, the sensor sub-node automatically enters a dormant state.
2. Wireless network establishment
After the wireless data receiving controller is powered on, a channel is established and a beacon frame is broadcasted to establish a network, and at the moment, the wireless sensor nodes in the network are in a dormant state. And when the wireless data acquisition device receives the beacon frame after receiving the awakening of the external instruction, applying for joining the network. The wireless data receiving controller determines whether the application request of the sensor sub-node is allowed. According to the pre-configured network scale and node address information, allowing the sensor added into the network to be used as a child node to be added into a neighbor list of the wireless data receiving controller. If the command is set as a periodic measurement, a collection command is issued within a periodic interval.
3. Alarm host start-up
And (4) switching on the power supply of the alarm host, enabling the equipment to enter a self-checking program, and sequentially lighting up and extinguishing all the indicator lamps from left to right. After the self-checking is finished, the power indicator lamp is always on. And entering a working state, and monitoring information such as propellant concentration, temperature and humidity, sensor voltage state and the like in real time.
4. Starting work of general control computer
And switching on a power supply of the master control computer, starting monitoring software of the master control computer, and displaying monitoring numerical values of each number position in real time by the monitoring software, wherein the monitoring numerical values comprise information such as alarm information and connection state.
5. Self-check of system
In order to ensure the correctness and reliability of the long-term monitoring system, two modes can be adopted to inquire and monitor the self state of the system. And a master control computer control function is used for actively and manually inquiring the state parameters of the alarm host and the working state of the measuring point of the on-missile sensor, so that the normal operation of key equipment and the reliable early warning of a system are ensured. The digital remote controller has a self-checking function as a key single machine, can regularly adopt a handheld beacon machine to check the output of a sensor measuring point of a storage system as required, and compares a check result with the output of the system to ensure the correct and good use of the system.
Frame format definition
The data packet of the wireless sensor network is composed of the fields shown in fig. 10:
the meaning of each field is as follows:
1) wrapping heads: the code string is composed of a fixed code string of 1Byte or 2 Byte;
2) address code: an ID number of the receiving node;
3) equipment code: an ID number of the sending node;
4) data length: the length of the control sensitive data is expressed, so that interception is convenient;
5) valid measurement data: a specific value representing control data or sensitive data;
6) electric quantity: the current voltage value of the battery is represented, and the electric quantity of the node can be conveniently acquired in real time.
7) CRC: the cyclic redundancy check code can use 8-bit or 16-bit check code generation mode according to requirements.
The system mainly comprises:
1. data acquisition device
The data acquisition device consists of a sensor combination and a wireless converter. The schematic diagram is shown in fig. 2, and the external view is shown in fig. 3. The wireless converter is connected with the sensor combination through the connector, wherein the wireless converter is powered by the battery and supplies power to the sensitive head combination through the connector. The sensitive head combination utilizes a sensitive device to generate response signals for measured factors such as the concentration of gas to be measured, temperature/humidity in the bomb and the like, a conditioning circuit is utilized to amplify and convert the signals into required signals to be output, the output signals and the measured factors have corresponding relations, and environmental parameters such as the concentration of the gas, the temperature, the humidity and the like can be obtained by monitoring the output signals.
The wireless temperature and humidity concentration sensor combination selects a lithium-manganese battery for power supply, the sensor is selected through devices for low-power-consumption design, and the battery which can be used for two years is selected for power supply through power consumption calculation and test.
The key technical indexes are as follows:
a) supply voltage: + 5.0V. + -. 0.5V;
b) total power consumption current: less than or equal to 20 mA;
c) channel output voltage: 0.2V plus or minus 0.1V-4.8V plus or minus 0.1V;
d) each wireless device works in Sub 1GHz communication frequency band and adopts a frequency division and time division multiplexing mechanism;
e) receiving sensitivity is-95 dBm (when the electromagnetic environment noise floor is less than-105 dBm);
f) the wireless radio frequency module antenna adopts a plate-type microstrip antenna design integrated with the shell, the sensitive angle at least meets 180-degree full coverage, the coaxial cable is adopted for feeding, and the polarization mode is vertical polarization
g) Out-of-band rejection is not less than 45 dB; (ii) a
h) In the working state, the packet loss rate of the wireless system is less than 10 < -3 >, and the error rate is less than 10 < -5 >;
i) the system meets overall periodic data monitoring requirements. The sensor is in a sleep state during the data sample transmission interval. The data sampling and sending period can be flexibly customized within 1-720 min under the cooperation of a handheld beacon machine according to the overall requirements, the step length is 1min, and the initial mode is set to complete data acquisition and wireless transmission once for 132 paths of signals within every 10 min;
j) networking time of the wireless sensor network in the cave depot is not more than 1 min;
k) the battery is selected for use, so that the wireless sensor node can work normally for 1 year, and the wireless sensor node needs to be replaced when the electric quantity is lower than a threshold value so as to meet the long-term online monitoring target.
2 radio receiving controller
The wireless data receiving controller is used as a convergent node of a wireless sensor network in the storage library, mainly completes the receiving of the measured data of all the data acquisition devices in a single monitoring area, converts the measured data into the data of a TCP/IP protocol through the protocol conversion of a main processor, and forwards the data to the alarm host through an Ethernet interface. The schematic diagram of the wireless data receiving controller is shown in fig. 4, and the external view is shown in fig. 5.
The wireless receiving controller mainly comprises a main processor, a wireless radio frequency module, an Ethernet module, an antenna, a DC/DC module and the like. The main processor controls the wireless radio frequency module to initiate a networking request, all the data acquisition device nodes and the wireless controller are configured on a wireless frequency band, in a wireless sensor network, each device is provided with a unique ID number for identifying different devices, target addresses of all the data acquisition devices are configured as wireless data receiving controllers, and the wireless controllers sequentially receive sensitive data uploaded by all the sensors.
The radio frequency processor in the wireless data receiving controller is directly responsible for receiving data and sending commands, and the operations are all completed under the control of the main processor. The wireless sensitive data received by the radio frequency processor is cached and converted by the main processor, is converted into an Ethernet data packet after data processing, and is uploaded to the alarm host through the RJ45 network port, so that the data collection and the forwarding of the wireless sensor network are completed.
The key technical indexes are as follows:
a) the adapter for converting AC 220V into DC24V is adopted to supply power, so that 40V/1s overvoltage impact is allowed to be prevented from being damaged;
b) the power consumption of the whole machine is less than 300 mA;
c) the wireless data receiving controller receives data uploaded by the multiple sensors, and simultaneously collects the battery voltage and the node number of each sensor, so that abnormal data checking is facilitated;
d) the wireless data receiving controller and each wireless sensor are communicated by adopting a ZigBee protocol, and the reliability of data transmission is ensured by adopting a data encryption algorithm according to a modular design idea;
e) the wireless data receiving controller extension interface comprises: one path of RJ45 network port and one path of power supply interface;
f)10M/100M self-adaptive Ethernet port and 2KV electromagnetic isolation;
3 digital remote controller
The digital remote controller is a configurator for setting parameters of the data acquisition device in a wireless mode and is used for awakening the wireless data acquisition device or periodically measuring and setting the wireless data acquisition device. The schematic block diagram is shown in fig. 6, and the outline diagram is shown in fig. 7. The device mainly comprises a core processor, a reset circuit, a keyboard, an LCD display screen, an external expansion Flash, an external expansion charging port, an RF wireless module, a backlight circuit, a voltage detection circuit, a USB interface circuit and a battery.
The main technical indexes are as follows:
a) switching the working modes of the data acquisition devices by sending different instructions, and adjusting the sleep cycle of the data acquisition devices;
b) the beacon machine can acquire key information of each sensor node through related wireless instructions, and determine the residual electric quantity, the connection state and the like of the sensor node;
c) the beacon machine externally expands a TF memory, and can carry out parameter matching on a sensor combination and a converter of the data acquisition device, so that the field installation and replacement are convenient;
d) the beacon machine adopts a self-contained battery and can continuously work for more than 48 hours; dormancy standby: not less than 200 hours (off-line);
e) the beacon machine adopts an embedded processor, designs a function menu, and can set the operation parameters manually through a self-contained key or by connecting a PC interface;
f) the beacon machine operating system is Microsoft Windows CE 5.0, the interface is friendly, the visualization is strong, and Chinese and English input is supported;
g) the beacon machine is externally provided with a USB2.0 interface and can carry out related data interaction;
h) the wireless wake-up range is 2 meters.
4 alarm host and general control computer
The alarm host is hung on the wall outside the single monitoring area, and the main control computer is in the duty room and monitors through environment monitoring alarm software. And the software carries out comparison judgment on the acquired 3 paths of single-push three-gas concentration data, one path of data with the maximum deviation is omitted, and the average value of the rest two paths of data is taken as the calculation data of the point position concentration value. When the gas concentration exceeds the preset value, the host machine sends a primary acousto-optic alarm signal. When the gas concentration exceeds the preset value, the host machine sends out a secondary acousto-optic alarm signal. The alarm host computer is shown in a schematic block diagram in fig. 8, and the general control computer is shown in a schematic block diagram in fig. 9.
The main technical indexes are as follows:
a) each alarm host monitors more than 24 environment measuring points on line, and the control computer can monitor not less than 10 environment measuring points transmitted by the alarm host at the same time;
b) when the alarm host does not receive data of a certain measuring point, warning information can be displayed on the alarm host and the main control computer to inform a user that the measuring point is not on line;
c) each alarm host is provided with an Ethernet communication interface and can communicate with the main control computer through an optical fiber cable or an Ethernet;
the user can set up the warning rank under the different monitoring concentration according to the mandate demand, the different alarming function of different ranks, warning light scintillation when the first grade is reported to the police, warning light scintillation + bee calling organ ring when the second grade is reported to the police.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make variations and modifications of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention by using the methods and technical contents disclosed above.
Claims (9)
1. A cableless low-power consumption intelligent environment monitoring system is characterized by comprising a sensor combination, a wireless converter, a wireless receiving control unit, an alarm host, a digital remote controller and a general control computer;
the sensor combination and the wireless converter form a data acquisition device, and the data acquisition device transmits the environment monitoring data to the wireless receiving controller through a wireless network; the environment monitoring data comprises sensor monitoring values and position information;
the wireless receiving controller acquires data and then transmits the environment monitoring data to an alarm host outside a monitoring area door in a wired mode through a network cable;
the alarm host judges the received sensor monitoring value, and when the sensor monitoring value exceeds the corresponding alarm line, the alarm host sends an audible and visual alarm signal and displays the sensor monitoring value and the position information for alarming in real time;
the alarm host is provided with an Ethernet port, and environment monitoring data is transmitted to the main control computer in a wired mode through optical fibers/network cables;
the main control computer receives environment monitoring data and alarm information sent by the alarm host, and displays and stores the data in real time; the main control computer sends a setting instruction to the alarm host through the monitoring software to monitor the alarm host;
the digital remote controller is communicated with the data acquisition device and is used for setting the acquisition period, the dormancy state or the awakening state of the communication of the data acquisition device; and the acquisition device is used for acquiring the environment monitoring data, and sending out an alarm signal when the monitoring value of the sensor exceeds a corresponding alarm line.
2. The intelligent environmental monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the intelligent environmental monitoring system is configured to monitor a plurality of areas, each monitored area is equipped with a wireless receiving controller, and the multi-channel data acquisition device is in direct communication with the wireless receiving controller to complete multi-channel data acquisition and transmission.
3. The intelligent environment monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the wireless network employs a 2.4GHz ZigBee protocol, and adopts a one-master multi-slave wireless sensor network form of a star topology.
4. The intelligent environmental monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the sensor monitoring values include temperature, propellant gas concentration, pressure, humidity.
5. The intelligent environmental monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the alarm line for the sensor monitoring value is determined in a preset manner.
6. The intelligent environmental monitoring system of claim 1, further comprising a network switch, wherein the alarm host has an ethernet port, and the environmental monitoring data is transmitted to the network switch located in the duty room and then to the general control computer via the optical fiber/network cable.
7. The intelligent environmental monitoring system of claim 1, wherein the digital remote control is provided with a low frequency path and a high frequency path, the low frequency path is used for setting the data acquisition device to be in a sleep or wake state, and the high frequency path is used for the acquisition device to monitor the environment.
8. The intelligent environment monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the wireless receiving controller has a multi-band communication function, and is used for realizing data communication and measuring point exchange functions between multiple monitoring environments.
9. The intelligent environmental monitoring system of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the wireless sensor is of a split-type construction.
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