CN114110661B - Laminar diffusion flame experiment table and experimental use method thereof - Google Patents
Laminar diffusion flame experiment table and experimental use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114110661B CN114110661B CN202111308211.8A CN202111308211A CN114110661B CN 114110661 B CN114110661 B CN 114110661B CN 202111308211 A CN202111308211 A CN 202111308211A CN 114110661 B CN114110661 B CN 114110661B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/28—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply
- F23R3/38—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the fuel supply comprising rotary fuel injection means
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of smoke point instruments, and provides a laminar diffusion flame experiment table and an experiment using method thereof. Wherein, laminar flow diffusion flame laboratory bench, it includes: the experiment platform comprises a combustion part and a supporting part, wherein the side wall of the combustion part is a glass outer cover, the bottom of the combustion part is a rectifying plate with a plurality of rectifying holes arranged in an array manner, and the top of the combustion part is a stabilizing plate with a plurality of stabilizing holes arranged in an array manner; a quartz glass window is also arranged on the side wall of the combustion part; the upper surface of the rectifying plate is provided with a nozzle which protrudes upwards; the combustor, combustor include oil reservoir and pipe, and the top of oil reservoir is located in the pipe insertion, through high regulation structure releasable connection between oil reservoir and the cowling panel. The laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention can be matched with various combustion optical diagnosis technologies on the basis of meeting the requirement of measuring the height of a macromolecular hydrocarbon fuel smoke point, so that the test universality of the experiment table is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of smoke point instruments, in particular to a laminar diffusion flame experiment table and an experiment using method thereof.
Background
The soot particles discharged by the combustion of the aeroengine not only pollute the atmospheric environment, but also harm the health of human beings, and with the rapid development of the aeronautical industry and the continuous improvement of environmental awareness, higher requirements can be put forward on the emission of combustion particles of a gas turbine combustion chamber in the future.
The generation of soot particles in combustion involves very complex physical and chemical processes. In order to evaluate the ability of aviation fuel to combust the generated soot particles, the american society of materials engineering (american) proposed a standardized macroscopic phenomenon parameter of Smoke Point height (SP). Generally, the soot generation capacity of a hydrocarbon fuel is inversely proportional to the soot point height. With the emergence of various novel aviation fuels and increasingly stringent particulate matter emission airworthiness standards, the traditional smoke point instrument given in the prior art can meet the measurement requirement of the smoke point height of macromolecular hydrocarbon fuels.
However, as aviation fuel types are increasing and airworthiness standards are becoming more stringent in particulate matter emissions, in order to further understand the mechanism of soot particle production in hydrocarbon fuel combustion, it is becoming increasingly important to use combustion optical test methods in standard smoke point flames to measure combustion flame temperature, combustion field component concentrations, particulate matter, and other combustion information.
For optical testing of laminar flames, three test conditions are typically required: a good laser incident channel and an experimental test light receiving channel (ensuring that laser enters flame and a camera receives optical signals); flame stability (ensuring that the measurement signal is not influenced by factors such as flame jitter and the like in one experiment); the flame and the laser are mutually stable in position (the contrast between the experimental results of a plurality of times is ensured). However, it is difficult for the conventional smoke point instrument to satisfy the above three optical test conditions simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a laminar diffusion flame experiment table and an experiment use method thereof, which are used for solving the limitation of the traditional standard smoke point instrument in the prior art on combustion optical measurement and can be matched with various combustion optical diagnosis technologies on the basis of meeting the measurement of the smoke point height of macromolecular hydrocarbon fuel.
The invention provides a laminar diffusion flame experiment table, comprising:
the experiment platform comprises a combustion part and a supporting part, wherein the supporting part is arranged at the bottom of the combustion part, the side wall of the combustion part is a glass outer cover, the bottom of the combustion part is a rectifying plate with a plurality of rectifying holes arranged in an array manner, and the top of the combustion part is a current stabilizing plate with a plurality of current stabilizing holes arranged in an array manner; the side wall of the combustion part is provided with a first operation window, and the side wall of the combustion part is also provided with a quartz glass window; the upper surface of the rectifying plate is provided with a nozzle which protrudes upwards;
the combustor, the combustor includes oil reservoir and pipe, the pipe is inserted and is located the top of oil reservoir, be equipped with the altitude mixture control structure on the cowling panel, the oil reservoir with the altitude mixture control structure is releasable connection, so that the pipe wears to locate in the nozzle.
According to the laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention, the first operation window comprises an operation window mounting seat and an operation window, the operation window mounting seat is fixed on the side wall of the combustion part, the operation window mounting seat is provided with a first operation area communicated with the interior of the combustion part, and the operation window is hinged with one side of the operation window mounting seat so as to open and close the first operation area.
According to the laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention, the side wall of the supporting part is a glass outer cover which is integrally formed with the side wall of the combustion part, a plurality of bottom mounting seats are arranged at the bottom corners of the supporting part, and a second operation window is arranged on the side wall of the supporting part.
According to the laminar flow diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention, the second operation window comprises a grid fixing seat and an inlet grid, the grid fixing seat is fixed on the side wall of the supporting part, the grid fixing seat is provided with a second operation area communicated with the inside of the supporting part, two opposite sides of the grid fixing seat are respectively provided with a slide rail groove, one side of the grid fixing seat is provided with a socket communicated with the two slide rail operations and the second operation area, and two opposite sides of the inlet grid are respectively arranged in the two slide rail grooves in a sliding manner so as to open and close the second operation area.
According to the laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention, the side wall of the combustion part is provided with two quartz glass windows, and the two quartz glass windows are respectively positioned on two adjacent side walls of the combustion part.
According to the laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention, the rectifying plate is provided with a through hole, the upper surface of the rectifying plate is provided with the top disc, the top disc is provided with the nozzle, the nozzle is communicated with the through hole, and the guide pipe penetrates through the through hole and is arranged in the nozzle in a penetrating manner.
According to the laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention, the height adjusting structure comprises a thread block arranged on the lower surface of the rectifying plate, the thread block is provided with a mounting hole communicated with the through hole, the inner wall of the mounting hole is provided with a first thread, the outer surface of the top of the oil reservoir is provided with a second thread, and the first thread and the second thread are in threaded connection.
According to the laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention, the top of the oil reservoir is provided with the matching port, the guide pipe is externally provided with the positioning sleeve, the periphery of the positioning sleeve is annularly provided with the sleeve shoulder, the positioning sleeve is in threaded connection with the matching port, and the sleeve shoulder is abutted against the top of the oil reservoir.
According to the laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention, the oil reservoir is internally provided with the vent pipe, one end of the vent pipe is communicated with the interior of the oil reservoir, and the other end of the vent pipe is communicated with the bottom of the oil reservoir.
The invention also provides an experimental use method of the laminar diffusion flame experiment table, which comprises any one of the laminar diffusion flame experiment tables, and the experimental use method comprises the following steps:
pouring liquid fuel required by the test into the oil reservoir, and putting the wick into the guide pipe;
the oil reservoir is arranged on the rectifying plate, and the position of the oil reservoir is adjusted by the height adjusting structure until the top of the guide pipe is higher than the upper edge of the nozzle;
trimming the lamp wick exposed at the top of the guide pipe to a position 6 mm away from the top of the guide pipe through a first operation window, and sucking the fuel to be tested by using a test tube and dropping the fuel to be tested above the lamp wick;
the position of the oil reservoir is adjusted through a height adjusting structure until the top height of the lamp wick is lower than the upper edge of the nozzle;
introducing external laser through the quartz glass window, placing a light path calibration scale at the nozzle, and adjusting the light path of the laser through the scale or mark on the calibration scale to achieve the light path condition required in the experiment;
after the light path calibration is finished, the light path calibration ruler is taken out, the ignition is started, the first operation window is closed, and the position of the oil reservoir is adjusted through the height adjusting structure, so that the height of flame is kept at a set height, and the flame is stably combusted for ten minutes;
the position of the oil reservoir is adjusted through the height adjusting structure, so that the flame reaches the height required by the laser test, and the laser test is started after the flame is stabilized.
According to the laminar diffusion flame experiment table and the experimental use method thereof, the combustion test of the test fuel can be realized through the arranged experiment platform and the combustor, various combustion optical measurements can be realized on the basis of meeting the measurement of the smoke point height of the macromolecular hydrocarbon fuel, the good laser incident channel and the experimental test light receiving channel are provided through the arranged quartz glass window, the flame can be in a stable state in the combustion process by using the rectifying plate and the flow stabilizing plate structure, compared with the traditional smoke point combustor, the laminar diffusion flame experiment table is less prone to being disturbed by air disturbance of a laboratory, and the mutual position stability of the experimental flame and the laser is ensured through fixing the position of the nozzle in the experiment table. Therefore, compared with the traditional standard smoke point instrument structure, the laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention can be matched with various combustion optical diagnosis technologies on the basis of meeting the requirement of measuring the height of a macromolecular hydrocarbon fuel smoke point, and the test universality of the experiment table is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed for the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a laminar diffusion flame test bench provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure of a laminar diffusion flame test bed provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a flow straightening plate of a laminar diffusion flame test bed provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fairing of a laminar diffusion flame test bed provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a flow stabilizer of a laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a light path calibration scale of a laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention;
reference numerals are as follows:
10: an experimental platform; 101: a glass housing; 102: a top connector;
103: a hole plate mounting seat; 11: a combustion section; 111: a first operation window;
1111: an operating window mount; 1112: an operating window; 113: a rectifying plate;
113a: a flow rectifying hole; 113b: perforating; 114: a flow stabilizer;
114a: flow stabilizing holes; 115: a top tray; 116: a thread block;
12: a support portion; 121: a second operating window; 1211: a grid fixing seat;
1212: an inlet grille; 122: a bottom mounting base; 21: an oil reservoir;
22: a conduit; 221: a positioning sleeve; 222: sleeving a shoulder;
23: a breather pipe; 30: and calibrating the light path.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention can be used for measuring the height of the smoke point of macromolecular hydrocarbon fuel, and can be matched with various combustion optical diagnosis technologies, such as an extinction method, laser-induced glow light, laser-induced fluorescence and the like, so as to obtain information of carbon smoke particles, combustion components and the like in a combustion flame field.
The laminar diffusion flame test bench and the experimental use method thereof of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the laminar diffusion flame test bench includes:
the experimental platform 10 comprises a combustion part 11 and a supporting part 12, wherein the supporting part 12 is arranged at the bottom of the combustion part 11, the side wall of the combustion part 11 is a glass outer cover 101, the bottom of the combustion part 11 is a rectifying plate 113 with a plurality of rectifying holes 113a arranged in an array, and the top of the combustion part 11 is a current stabilizing plate 114 with a plurality of current stabilizing holes 114a arranged in an array; a first operation window 111 is arranged on the side wall of the combustion part 11, and a quartz glass window is also arranged on the side wall of the combustion part 11; the upper surface of the rectifying plate 113 is provided with a nozzle which protrudes upwards;
the burner comprises an oil reservoir 21 and a guide pipe 22, wherein the guide pipe 22 is inserted into the top of the oil reservoir 21, and the oil reservoir 21 is detachably connected with the rectifying plate 113 through a height adjusting structure, so that the guide pipe 22 passes through the nozzle.
The combustion part 11 here means a part having a combustion chamber, in which fuel can be combusted, and the side wall of the combustion part is a glass outer cover 101, specifically an organic glass outer cover 101, so that during an experiment, the height and state of flame can be photographed by a camera, and various experimental measurements can be facilitated; the top flow stabilizing plate 114 is provided with a plurality of flow stabilizing holes 114a arranged in an array mode, which can eliminate the influence on the stability of the downstream air flow in the combustion chamber due to the disturbance of the air outside the combustion chamber, and similarly, the bottom flow rectifying plate 113 is provided with a plurality of flow rectifying holes 113a arranged in an array mode, which can eliminate the instability of the air upstream of the combustor, so that the combination of the flow stabilizing plate 114 and the flow rectifying plate 113 can stabilize the air, and the stability of the flame in the experimental test can be ensured.
In addition, the first operation window 111 of the combustion part 11 can be used for experimental operation of the interior of the combustion chamber by an experimenter, and generally, the first operation window 111 is closed during the experimental process; the quartz glass window arranged on the side wall of the quartz glass window can be used for laser incidence or acquisition of laser signals, and compared with other transparent materials, the quartz glass has good transmittance for laser and a clear relation with laser wavelength, so that the accuracy of subsequent experiments is improved.
In addition, the oil storage 21 is used as the fuel that the joining test needs, and the pipe 22 is then used as and puts into standard wick, and the combustor can be as required dismouting in cowling panel 113, and can adjust the height of combustor through the height control structure to various experimental operation of being convenient for wear to locate the nozzle with pipe 22, in order to make things convenient for the rigidity of combustor, on the other hand, the nozzle is unchangeable for the position in whole combustion chamber, has made things convenient for incident laser light path's adjustment like this. In this embodiment, the nozzle is centered on the fairing 113.
The above structure is described with the support portion 12, which is meant to support the combustion portion 11, and as for the structure such as the support frame or the glass cover 101, which will be described later, it can be applied to the structure of the invention, and will not be described again.
In this embodiment, through the experiment platform 10 and the combustor that set up, can realize the burning test of test fuel, on the basis of satisfying the high measurement of macromolecule hydrocarbon fuel smoke point, more can realize various burning optical measurements, quartz glass window through setting up provides good laser incident channel and experiment test and receives the light passageway, use cowling panel 113 and stabilizer 114 structure, can make flame be in the stable condition in the combustion process, compare traditional smoke point combustor, be more difficult to disturbed by the air disturbance of laboratory, and the position through nozzle in the fixed experiment platform has ensured many times experiment flame and laser mutual position stability. Therefore, compared with the traditional standard smoke point instrument structure, the laminar diffusion flame experiment table provided by the invention can be matched with various combustion optical diagnosis technologies on the basis of meeting the requirement of measuring the height of a macromolecular hydrocarbon fuel smoke point, and the test universality of the experiment table is improved.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, the first operating window 111 includes an operating window mounting seat 1111 and an operating window 1112, the operating window mounting seat 1111 is fixed to a side wall of the combustion part 11, the operating window mounting seat 1111 has a first operating region communicated with the inside of the combustion part 11, and the operating window 1112 is hinged to one side of the operating window mounting seat 1111 to open and close the first operating region.
The first operation region can be opened by rotating the operation window 1112 so as to be operated by an experimenter, and after the operation window 1112 is closed, the side wall of the combustion part 11 is sealed, and the stability of combustion is ensured.
Specifically, the operation window mount 1111 can be connected and fixed with the glass housing 101 through four screw hole designs, and one side of operation window mount 1111 is connected through two hinge structures with operation window 1112, and the opposite side is connected through two bolt structures with operation window 1112, when needing to open operation window 1112, can take off two bolts, rotate operation window 1112 can. In this embodiment, two first operation windows 111 are provided, and the two first operation windows 111 and the quartz glass window are located at different sides, so as to facilitate experimental operation.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, the side wall of the supporting portion 12 is a glass outer cover 101 integrally formed with the side wall of the combustion portion 11, the bottom corners of the supporting portion 12 are provided with a plurality of bottom mounting seats 122, and the side wall of the supporting portion 12 is provided with a second operation window 121.
That is, in the present embodiment, the side wall of the support portion 12 is integrated with the side wall of the combustion portion 11, so that the bottom of the support portion 12 is also visible, the oil reservoir 21 is easily installed or adjusted through the second operation window 121, and the stable support of the experiment platform 10 is ensured by the plurality of bottom installation seats 122.
Specifically, the second operation window 121 includes a grid fixing seat 1211 and an inlet grid 1212, the grid fixing seat 1211 is fixed to a side wall of the support portion 12, the grid fixing seat 1211 has a second operation area communicated with the inside of the support portion 12, two opposite sides of the grid fixing seat 1211 are respectively provided with a slide rail groove, one side of the grid fixing seat 1211 is provided with a socket communicated with the two slide rail grooves and the second operation area, and two opposite sides of the inlet grid 1212 are respectively slidably disposed in the two slide rail grooves to open and close the second operation area.
Referring to fig. 1, in addition, two quartz glass windows are disposed on the side wall of the combustion portion 11, and the two quartz glass windows are respectively located on two adjacent side walls of the combustion portion 11.
One of the quartz glass windows is used as an incident channel for laser, the other quartz glass window is used as a light channel for testing, and the two quartz glass windows are both right opposite to the nozzle so as to be convenient for testing. In order to avoid interference with the first operating windows 111, in the present embodiment, two first operating windows 111 are located on two adjacent sidewalls of the combustion part 11, and two quartz glass windows are located on the other two adjacent sidewalls of the combustion part 11.
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, the rectifying plate 113 has a through hole 113b, a top plate 115 is disposed on an upper surface of the rectifying plate 113, the top plate 115 is disposed with the nozzle, the nozzle is communicated with the through hole 113b, and the conduit 22 passes through the through hole 113b and is disposed in the nozzle.
The upper surface of the top disk 115 is flush with the upper surface of the rectifying plate 113 so as to facilitate the installation and fixation of the top disk 115, and the top disk 115 is fixed on the rectifying plate 113 through screws, thereby ensuring the mutual fixation of the positions between the nozzle of the top disk 115 and the rectifying plate 113.
In addition, according to the laminar diffusion flame test bench provided by the present invention, the height adjusting structure includes a screw block 116 disposed on the lower surface of the rectifying plate 113, the screw block 116 has a mounting hole communicating with the through hole 113b, the inner wall of the mounting hole has a first screw, the top outer surface of the oil reservoir 21 has a second screw, and the first screw and the second screw are screwed together.
Thus, the height of the oil reservoir 21 can be adjusted by turning the oil reservoir 21, and the height of the guide tube 22 can be further adjusted, so that various experimental operations can be facilitated, and the accuracy of the experiment can be improved. Of course, in other embodiments, the height adjusting structure may also be a guiding sliding groove, and the change of the height position is realized by the movement of the oil reservoir 21 along the guiding sliding groove, which is not described in detail.
In this embodiment, the screw block 116 is also fixed to the rectifying plate 113 by screws, and specifically, in combination with the structure of the top disk 115, the screw block 116 and the rectifying plate 113 are fixedly connected by M4 screws, so that the overall structure of the experimental platform 10 is stable.
Referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, in addition, in an embodiment of the present invention, the top of the oil reservoir 21 has a matching opening, a positioning sleeve 221 is disposed outside the guide tube 22, a sleeve shoulder 222 is disposed around the positioning sleeve 221, the positioning sleeve 221 is in threaded connection with the matching opening, and the sleeve shoulder 222 abuts against the top of the oil reservoir 21.
In this way, the conduit 22 can be removed from the reservoir 21 as required to facilitate replacement of a different test fuel. Of course, in other embodiments, the positioning sleeve may also be directly inserted into the matching opening, which is not described in detail.
In addition, in order to ensure the stable air pressure of the oil reservoir 21 during the combustion process, a vent pipe 23 is arranged in the oil reservoir 21, one end of the vent pipe 23 is communicated with the inside of the reservoir, and the other end is communicated with the bottom of the oil reservoir 21.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, in particular, in an embodiment of the present invention, in order to obtain the structure of the experiment platform 10, all components of the experiment platform 10 can be disassembled and replaced, and for any worn parts, the whole combustor can be in a working state by replacing the components, and meanwhile, the requirements for improvement and optimization of the experiment platform 10 in the future are provided. The side walls of the combustion part 11 and the support part 12 are composed of four pieces of organic glass, and the four pieces of organic glass are connected and assembled into a whole through screws of four top connecting pieces 102, four orifice plate mounting seats 103 and four bottom mounting seats 122. The four orifice plate mounting seats 103 are arranged inside the experiment platform 10 and used for supporting the rectifying plate 113, and the rectifying plate 113 is fixed through screw connection. It is 8 millimeters through-holes to open the diameter on every bottom mount pad 122, conveniently is connected with optical platform to fix on optical platform, conveniently with experimental laser modulation antithetical couplet.
In this embodiment, the experimental platform 10 designed by the present invention has a length of 222 mm, a width of 222 mm, and a height of 583 mm. The maximum volume of the reservoir 21 is about 40 ml, the test flame height ranges from 0 to 50 mm, and the burner operates at atmospheric pressure.
The length of the rectifying plate 113 is 161 mm, the width is 161 mm, the thickness is 15 mm, the rectifying holes 113a are 4 mm through holes arranged in a 25 × 25 array, and the distance is 6 mm.
The length of the flow stabilization plate 114 is 172 mm, the width is 172 mm, the thickness is 3 mm, the flow stabilization holes 114a are 8 mm through holes, and are arranged in a 13 × 13 array with a 12 mm interval.
The inlet grill 1212 had a length of 137 mm, a width of 111 mm, and a thickness of 4 mm.
The window 1112 has a length of 90 mm, a width of 168 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm.
The quartz glass window has a length of 28 mm and a width of 250 mm, and has a groove depth of 2 mm compared to the surface of the combustion part 11.
The outer dimensions of the glass housing 101 were 172 mm long, 172 mm wide and 583 mm high.
Referring to fig. 1 to fig. 7, based on the above structure, the present invention further provides an experimental method of using the laminar diffusion flame experimental bench, which comprises the following steps:
pouring liquid fuel required by the test into the oil reservoir 21, and putting a wick into the guide pipe 22; specifically, the guide tube 22 and the oil reservoir 21 are separated when the liquid fuel is poured, and based on the above-described structure, after the wick is put in and the liquid fuel is added from the fitting port, the guide tube 22 is screwed into the oil reservoir 21.
Mounting the oil reservoir 21 on the rectifying plate 113, and adjusting the position of the oil reservoir 21 by the height adjusting structure until the top of the guide pipe 22 is higher than the upper edge of the nozzle; specifically, based on the above structure, an inlet grid 1212 is pushed away, and the oil reservoir 21 with the wick and the guide tube 22 is screwed into the screw block 116 through the screw structure via the second operation area until the top of the guide tube 22 is higher than the upper edge of the nozzle, so as to facilitate the subsequent building of the length of the wick.
Trimming the wick exposed at the top of the guide tube 22 through the first operation window 111 to a position 6 mm away from the top of the guide tube 22, and sucking the fuel to be tested by using a test tube and dropping the fuel to be tested above the wick; specifically, based on the above structure, the operating window 1112 is pulled outward, and according to the ASTM D1322 standard, the wick exposed at the top of the guide tube 22 is trimmed to a distance of 6 mm from the top of the guide tube 22, and 1-2 ml of the fuel to be tested is sucked by the test tube and dropped above the wick, so as to avoid directly burning the wick during ignition, and ensure sufficient burning of the test fuel during testing.
The position of the oil reservoir 21 is adjusted through a height adjusting structure until the top height of the wick is lower than the upper edge of the nozzle; specifically, based on the above structure, the reservoir 21 is rotated until the height of the wick is lower than the upper edge of the nozzle of the top plate 115, so that the light guide scale 30 is subsequently placed.
Introducing external laser through the quartz glass window, placing the light path calibration scale 30 at the nozzle, and adjusting the light path of the laser through the scale or mark on the calibration scale to achieve the light path condition required in the experiment; one end of the light path marking tooth is provided with a mounting hole matched with the nozzle, the height of the laser can be adjusted through scales or marks on the light path marking tooth, the incident angle and the position of the laser can be adjusted through rotating the position of the light path marking scale 30, and the accuracy of a follow-up experiment is guaranteed.
After the calibration of the light path is completed, the light path calibration ruler 30 is taken out, the ignition is started, the first operation window 111 is closed, and the position of the oil reservoir 21 is adjusted through the height adjusting structure, so that the height of the flame is kept at a set height, and the flame is stably combusted for ten minutes; specifically, based on the foregoing structure, by rotating the oil reservoir 21 so that the flame height is maintained at a height of about 10 mm, the inlet grill 1212 is closed, and the flame is stably burned for ten minutes. The aim of the step is to ensure that the test fuel immersed in the lamp wick is fully uniform, and the phenomenon of flame jumping and shaking or lamp wick ablation when the flame height is subsequently adjusted is prevented.
The position of the oil reservoir 21 is adjusted through the height adjusting structure, so that the flame reaches the height required by the laser test, and the laser test is started after the flame is stabilized. Thus, after adjusting the flame height by rotating the oil reservoir 21, the laser test can be initiated by confirming that the inlet grill 1212 and the operating window 1112 are closed.
In this embodiment, the preliminary steps of the laser test ensure that the flame and the laser are in a stable state during the combustion process, and the mutual positions of the flame and the laser are stable, so that the experimental result of measuring detailed combustion information in the standard smoke point flame by using the optical diagnosis method is more accurate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, after the foregoing preliminary steps, laser light is incident on the burning flame through one side of the quartz glass window, and receives a light signal through the other quartz glass window, and then information such as soot and burning components in the burning flame field is obtained by analyzing through an optical burning diagnostic method.
In addition, the laminar flow diffusion flame experiment table can also measure the smoke point height of macromolecular hydrocarbon fuel.
The method comprises the following steps: the traditional/standard smoke point measurement method, i.e. visual measurement method, judges the flame state through the change of the flame shape, thereby realizing the smoke point measurement.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A laminar diffusion flame laboratory bench, comprising:
the experiment platform comprises a combustion part and a supporting part, wherein the supporting part is arranged at the bottom of the combustion part, the side wall of the combustion part is a glass outer cover, the bottom of the combustion part is a rectifying plate with a plurality of rectifying holes arranged in an array manner, and the top of the combustion part is a current stabilizing plate with a plurality of current stabilizing holes arranged in an array manner; the side wall of the combustion part is provided with a first operation window, and the side wall of the combustion part is also provided with a quartz glass window; the upper surface of the rectifying plate is provided with a nozzle which protrudes upwards, and the relative position of the nozzle and the combustion part is unchanged;
the combustor, the combustor includes oil reservoir and pipe, the pipe is inserted and is located the top of oil reservoir, be equipped with the altitude mixture control structure on the cowling panel, the oil reservoir with altitude mixture control structure releasable connection, so that the pipe pass in the nozzle, be used for putting into the wick in the pipe, altitude mixture control mechanism is used for adjusting the position of oil reservoir, so that the height at wick top is less than the last edge of nozzle.
2. The laminar flow diffusion flame test bench of claim 1, wherein the first operation window comprises an operation window mounting seat and an operation window, the operation window mounting seat is fixed on the side wall of the combustion part, the operation window mounting seat is provided with a first operation area communicated with the interior of the combustion part, and the operation window is hinged with one side of the operation window mounting seat to open and close the first operation area.
3. The laminar flow diffusion flame test bench of claim 1, wherein the side wall of the supporting portion is a glass outer cover integrally formed with the side wall of the combustion portion, the bottom corner of the supporting portion is provided with a plurality of bottom mounting seats, and the side wall of the supporting portion is provided with a second operation window.
4. The laminar flow diffusion flame experiment table according to claim 3, wherein the second operation window includes a grid fixing seat and an inlet grid, the grid fixing seat is fixed on the side wall of the support portion, the grid fixing seat has a second operation area communicated with the inside of the support portion, two opposite sides of the grid fixing seat are respectively provided with a slide rail groove, one side of the grid fixing seat is provided with a socket communicated with the two slide rail operations and the second operation area, and two opposite sides of the inlet grid are respectively slidably arranged in the two slide rail grooves to open and close the second operation area.
5. The laminar flow diffusion flame test bench according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the side wall of the combustion part is provided with two quartz glass windows, and the two quartz glass windows are respectively positioned on two adjacent side walls of the combustion part.
6. The laminar flow diffusion flame test bench of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the rectifying plate has a through hole, the upper surface of the rectifying plate is provided with a top disk, the top disk is provided with the nozzle, the nozzle is communicated with the through hole, and the conduit passes through the through hole and is arranged in the nozzle in a penetrating manner.
7. The laminar flow diffusion flame test bench of claim 6, wherein the height adjusting structure comprises a thread block arranged on the lower surface of the rectifying plate, the thread block is provided with a mounting hole communicated with the through hole, the inner wall of the mounting hole is provided with a first thread, the top outer surface of the oil reservoir is provided with a second thread, and the first thread and the second thread are in threaded connection.
8. The laminar flow diffusion flame experiment table according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a matching opening is formed in the top of the oil reservoir, a positioning sleeve is arranged outside the conduit, a sleeve shoulder is annularly arranged on the outer periphery of the positioning sleeve, the positioning sleeve is in threaded connection with the matching opening, and the sleeve shoulder abuts against the top of the oil reservoir.
9. The laminar flow diffusion flame experiment table according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a vent pipe is arranged in the oil reservoir, one end of the vent pipe is communicated with the interior of the oil reservoir, and the other end of the vent pipe is communicated with the bottom of the oil reservoir.
10. A method of experimental use of a laminar diffusion flame test rig, comprising the laminar diffusion flame test rig of any of claims 1 to 9, in the following manner:
pouring liquid fuel required by the test into the oil reservoir, and placing a wick into the guide pipe;
the oil reservoir is arranged on the rectifying plate, and the position of the oil reservoir is adjusted by the height adjusting structure until the top of the guide pipe is higher than the upper edge of the nozzle;
trimming the lamp wick exposed at the top of the guide pipe to a position 6 mm away from the top of the guide pipe through a first operation window, and sucking the fuel to be tested by using a test tube and dropping the fuel to be tested above the lamp wick;
the position of the oil reservoir is adjusted through a height adjusting structure until the top height of the lamp wick is lower than the upper edge of the nozzle;
introducing external laser through the quartz glass window, placing a light path calibration scale at the nozzle, and adjusting the light path of the laser through the scale or mark on the calibration scale to achieve the light path condition required in the experiment;
after the light path calibration is finished, the light path calibration ruler is taken out, the ignition is started, the first operation window is closed, and the position of the oil reservoir is adjusted through the height adjusting structure, so that the height of flame is kept at a set height, and the flame is stably combusted for ten minutes;
the position of the oil reservoir is adjusted through the height adjusting structure, so that the flame reaches the height required by the laser test, and the laser test is started after the flame is stabilized.
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| US6010592A (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 2000-01-04 | Kimberly-Clark Corporation | Method and apparatus for increasing the flow rate of a liquid through an orifice |
| US6436713B1 (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 2002-08-20 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Methods and devices for measuring total polar compounds in degrading oils |
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| CN103063703A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2013-04-24 | 华北电力大学 | Experimental method and apparatus for realizing low-NOX stable combustion of gaseous fuel |
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| CN106153817B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2018-02-27 | 江苏大学 | A kind of Bunsen burner experimental provision for measuring hydrocarbon fuel laminar flame burning velocity |
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