Annonaceousacetogenicompounds material (Annonaceous acetogenins) is a class natural product that is derived by the long-chain fatty acid gamma lactone.The construction features of this class material is: the α that the monomethyl replacement is arranged at an end of a long aliphatic chain, β-unsaturated gamma lactone ring, 1~3 oxolane ring and some other oxygen-containing substituents are arranged on aliphatic chain, as hydroxyl, acetoxyl group, ketone group, epoxy radicals, and carbon-carbon double bond etc.This class natural product exists only in the plant of some genus of annonaceae (Annonaceae).
The Annonaceousacetogenicompounds material has multiple biological activity, and wherein most important biological activity is extremely strong cell in vitro poison and anti-tumor in vivo effect.Its mechanism of action is by NADH oxidoreductase in the anticancer mitochondrion optionally, stop the transmission of respiratory chain electronics, make ADP can not change into ATP, thereby cut off the energy supply that cancerous cell is depended on for existence and bred, and then inducing cancer cell moves towards apoptosis (Apoptosis); Simultaneously, the Annonaceousacetogenicompounds material can also overcome the multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancerous cell.Therefore, the Annonaceousacetogenicompounds material becomes hot research in recent years.Since reporting first annonaceous acetogenins Uvaricin in nineteen eighty-two, about 300 these compounds have been found so far.
External work is mainly aspect monomeric compound, but still rest on separation, structure, the synthetic research that reaches aspects such as biological activity so far, still very remote apart from practical application, reason has: first, in about 300 chemical compounds of having found, real in vivo effectively high-activity compound is also few; The second, owing to numerous isomer, homologue coexist as in the same plant, nearly more than 30 homologue in some plant, and the physicochemical property of each homologue and isomer is very similar, and therefore, the separation of monomeric compound, purification be difficulty very; The 3rd, the content of individualized compound in plant is relatively low, and plant resources is limited; The 4th, have a plurality of chiral centres in the molecule of Annonaceousacetogenicompounds material, also be difficult to obtain the specific monomer thing by chemosynthesis; The 5th, the toxicity of sugar apple lactone monomeric compound is higher, and therapeutic index is lower.
The domestic people of having proposes with sirikaya total lactones as medicine material, but so total lactone component complexity, be difficult to set up the quality standard and the quality control method of medicine, thereby can't guarantee the quality and the curative effect of medicine, be difficult to reach new drug due " effective's, safe, controlled " target.Therefore, sirikaya total lactones also will be difficult to enter practical application.And also there are some problems in existing known sirikaya total lactones preparation method, for example the CN1224016A disclosed method is to be raw material with the Sirikaya seed, at first with hexane or defat with petroleum ether, use alcohol extraction, chloroform extraction and hexane-ethanol allocation process then, obtain total lactone through the silica gel adsorption chromatography more at last.There is following shortcoming in this method: (1) at first the amount of organic solvent such as used hexane of defat or petroleum ether is very big, and solvent loss is big, and the processing time is long, causes cost to increase; (2) owing to hexane, petroleum ether equal solvent energy stripping part effective ingredient, therefore at first the defat meeting makes the part loss of effective components.
In addition, the Annonaceousacetogenicompounds material has extremely strong fat-soluble, and preparation also is a difficult point.
The object of the invention is to solve following problems: (1) does not still have the actual application value problem with single annonaceous acetogenins as medicine material; (2) with sirikaya total lactones during as medicine material, component is too complicated, can't guarantee the quality of medicine, i.e. the quality controllability problem; (3) problem that exists in the sirikaya total lactones preparation method; (4) formulation problems.To develop a kind of is the anticancer effective site medicine with practical value of effective ingredient with the annonaceous acetogenins.
The present invention is raw material with the Sirikaya seed, Sirikaya (Annona squamosay L.) is a kind of medicinal plants that originates in China's southern area, and its fruit is famous fruit, aboundresources, is easy to get, its seed contains a large amount of annonaceous acetogenins, wherein is no lack of active very strong composition.The present invention earlier prepares sirikaya total lactones by Sirikaya seed, then with total lactone through refinement treatment, purpose is to remove the lactone composition of the not high or non-activity of a large amount of activity, only keeps high activity lactone composition and becomes an efficient position medicine.This efficient position is enrichment high activity lactone composition only owing to removed a large amount of useless lactone compositions, thereby not only activity is stronger, and forms simply, is easy to carry out quality control; Simultaneously, its preparation method simple, easily implement, production cost is low; The present invention has done improvement to the sirikaya total lactones preparation method in addition, at first use alcohol extraction, ethanol extraction is with organic solvent defat with petroleum ether for example, and goes out for example effective ingredient in the petroleum ether of organic solvent with alcohol extraction, reduce solvent load, improved the effective ingredient yield; The present invention as its dosage form, has successfully solved formulation problems with fat milk in addition.Therefore the present invention has extremely strong practicality.
Anticancer lichee lectone medicine of the present invention is by following two materials that operation makes: the sirikaya total lactones preparation section is at first arranged, and is the feedstock production sirikaya total lactones with the Sirikaya seed; It is characterized in that refining step in addition, sirikaya total lactones prepared in the preceding step operation through silica gel column chromatography, the silica gel granularity of filling in the described silicagel column is 80~300 orders, best 100~200 orders, with the mass ratio of described sirikaya total lactones be 15: 1~50: 1, be preferably 30: 1, it behind the chromatography is petroleum ether-acetone eluting of 3: 1~3: 2 with volume ratio, check with thin layer chromatography, when flowing out, peaceful-6 (the Annonin VI) of Arnold begin to be collected into till whole outflow of peaceful-1 (the Annonin I) of Arnold, the consumption of eluant petroleum ether acetone just decides thus, the described fraction of collecting is concentrated, drying promptly gets anticancer lichee lectone medicine of the present invention.
Described sirikaya total lactones preparation section can adopt existing various known method, for example method of CN1224016A.But in order to improve the effective ingredient yield and to reduce solvent load, the present invention has done improvement to this operation.The preparation section of sirikaya total lactones of the present invention is: the Sirikaya seed coarse powder is extracted with 80%~97% soak with ethanol, consumption of ethanol, soak time and number of times choose at random, ethanol extract concentrates back organic solvent extracting extracting degreasing, use chloroform extraction then, chloroform extract is through silica gel column chromatography, the silica gel granularity of filling in the described silicagel column is 80~300 orders, best 100~200 orders, with the mass ratio of chloroform extract be 5: 1~20: 1, be preferably 10: 1, it behind the chromatography is 100: 0~90: 10 chloroform-methanol eluting with volume ratio, use the thin layer chromatography inspection, when the Annonaceousacetogenicompounds material flows out in a large number, begin to collect, when not having the Annonaceousacetogenicompounds material and flow out till, the described fraction of collecting is concentrated, drying obtains sirikaya total lactones.
Above-mentioned each time used solvent load and extraction times of extraction all can choose at random.Degreasing process can use known organic solvent for example petroleum ether, hexane etc.For example boiling off before the petroleum ether extraction defat at described organic solvent and preferably to add water in the alcoholic acid extract earlier; Organic solvent after the defat for example the most handy volume fraction of petroleum ether layer is 60%~97% alcohol extraction, and in the aqueous solution alcohol extraction liquid is incorporated defat into after concentrating after, concrete preparation technology's flow process sees accompanying drawing 1 for details.
Described thin layer chromatography inspection is a control anticancer lichee lectone medicine method for quality of the present invention, can adopt common thin layer chromatography board, for making things convenient for the present invention to adopt self-control silica gel H hardboard (CMC is a binding agent), with volume ratio be petroleum ether-acetone of 3: 1 as developing solvent, can select a kind of colour developing the in following three kinds of developers for use:
(1) Kedde reagent is 3, and the 5-dinitrobenzoic acid: speckle takes on a red color, and mottle disappears very soon and takes off;
(2) Dragendorff reagent is Dragendorff's reagent: be orange-yellow speckle, color is lasting;
(3) iodine steam: be the brown speckle, color is lasting.
The result: sirikaya total lactones effective site medicine of the present invention all shows two speckles to three kinds of developers after pressing above-mentioned condition expansion on the TLC, and mapping is in reference substance Arnold peaceful-1 and Arnold peaceful-6 respectively.
The content of two main components in the high effective liquid chromatography for measuring anticancer lichee lectone medicine of the present invention: usefulness ODS post (6mm * 15cm), methanol-water (volume ratio 9: 1) is a mobile phase, flow velocity 1mL/min, use Ultraviolet Detector, detect wavelength 210nm, naphthalene is interior mark, and by the content of peak area integrated value by internal standard method or external standard method Arnold peaceful-1 and Arnold peaceful-6, the regression equation of the two is as follows:
Peaceful-1 (Annonin I): the y=5065.05x-6902.7r=0.9998 of Arnold;
Peaceful-6 (Annonin VI): the y=4975.92x-4179.8r=0.9998 of Arnold.
The result: Arnold peaceful-1 content is mass fraction 42%~55%, and representative value is 52.3%, and Arnold peaceful-6 content is mass fraction 8%~15%, and typical content is 10.5%, and the content sum of the two is a mass fraction 50%~70%, and representative value is 63.1%.
Anticancer lichee lectone medicine of the present invention can be made into Emulsion, its formula proportion and manufacture method are as follows: in every 1000mg anticancer lichee lectone medicine of the present invention, add 50~200g soybean oil (optimum dose is 100g) and 10~20g (optimum dose is 12g) lecithin, heating mixes, dissolving, adding injection water to cumulative volume after treating all to dissolve is 500~1500mL, best 1000mL, behind emulsifying, filter, embedding, sterilization, Emulsion of the present invention, described emulsifying can adopt general emulsification method, and for example available multistage ultrasonic emulsification is handled.
Anticancer lichee lectone medicine of the present invention carries out following pharmacology test.
(1) acute toxicity test
Acute toxicity test in mice calculates LD with the Bliss method
50, the result is as follows:
Lumbar injection ip * 1 time LD
50=1.124 (1.017~1.242) mg/kg;
Irritate stomach po * 1 LD
50=74.754 (58.662~95.260) mg/kg.
(2) cell in vitro poison test
Anticancer lichee lectone medicine body of the present invention is external to have carried out cellulotoxic experiment to pulmonary carcinoma (A-549), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (CNE2, SUNE1), hepatocarcinoma (BEL-7402), HT-29 (colon cancer), breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and adenocarcinoma of lung 7 kinds of human cancer cells such as (GLC-82), with Taxol as positive control medicine, result such as table 1.Show that effective site medicine of the present invention all has cytotoxicity to 7 kinds of cell strains of test, wherein the strongest to the effect of three kinds of cell strains such as A-549, CNE2, BEL-7402, effect is better than taxol or suitable with taxol.
Cell in vitro toxic action (the IC of table 1 pair various human cancer cells
50Half-inhibition concentration)
Cell strain | Medicine IC of the present invention
50(μg/mL)
| Control drug Taxol IC
50(μg/mL)
|
HT-29 CNE2 SUNE1 BEL-7402 A-549 MCF-7 GLC-82 | 0.446 4.369×10
-2 1.617 3.873×10
-2 4.413×10
-3 1.857 3.491
| 0.295 4.444×10
-3 0.2209×10
-2 9.846×10
-2 1.373×10
-2 6.058×10
-3 2.091
|
(3) to the anti-tumor effect of mice transplanted tumor
Adopt lumbar injection (ip) and irritate two kinds of route of administration of stomach (po), ip also increases reticulosarcoma (L with rat liver cancer HepS and two kinds of animal transplanting tumors of murine sarcoma S-180, po
2) carry out inhibition test in the body.Anticancer lichee lectone medicine of the present invention is established 3~4 dosage groups, matched group is not for containing the fat milk of medicine, and the positive drug matched group is cyclophosphamide (CTX) when the ip administration, is fluorouracil (5-Fu) when the po administration, each organized successive administration 10 days, and each test repeats 3~4 batches.Result's (seeing Table 2~table 6) shows: when the ip dosage is 0.03~0.09mg/ (kg.d), tumour inhibiting rate still can show certain inhibitory action near the tumour inhibiting rate of chemotherapeutics CTX 18mg/kg dosage group when dosage is low to moderate 0.01mg/ (kg.d) * 10 day; Adopt and irritate stomach through medicine, also demonstrate extremely strong anti-tumor in vivo effect, but compare with intraperitoneal injection, the dosage of gastric infusion is bigger, illustrates that the absorbability of gastric infusion approach medicine is relatively poor.Batch have 10% the mice with tumor death except that high dose (0.09mg/ (kg.d)) group has part in the experiment, the mice with tumor behavioral activity of other effective dose groups is normal, do not see obviously become thin, toxicity performances such as Folium Pini, diarrhoea.
Table 2 intraperitoneal injection is to the inhibitory action of mouse bearing liver cancer HepS
Group | Dosage administration time mg/ (kgd) d | Average tumour inhibiting rate (x ± s)/% | The P value |
Cyclophosphamide group CTX medicine of the present invention: dosage group 2 high dose group in the dosage group 1 in the dosage group | 18 10 0.01 10 0.03 10 0.06 10 0.09 10 | 65.80±0.90 30.93±0.73 44.97±5.17 58.26±3.39 66.68±5.46 | <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 |
Table 3 intraperitoneal injection is to the inhibitory action of murine sarcoma S-180
Group | Dosage administration time mg/ (kgd) d | Average tumour inhibiting rate (x ± s)/% | The P value |
Cyclophosphamide group CTX medicine of the present invention: dosage group high dose group in the low dose group | 18 10 0.01 10 0.03 10 0.09 10 | 56.11±2.59 30.93±0.73 38.43±2.35 50.70±4.08 | <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 |
Table 4 gastric infusion is to the inhibitory action of mouse bearing liver cancer HepS
Group | Dosage administration time mg/ (kgd) d | Average tumour inhibiting rate (x ± s)/% | The P value |
Fluorouracil 5-Fu medicine of the present invention: dosage group high dose group in the low dose group | 30 10 4 10 8 10 16 10 | 63.30±8.63 36.61±3.87 46.42±11.39 57.53±11.55 | <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 |
Table 5 gastric infusion is to the inhibitory action of murine sarcoma S-180
Group | Dosage administration time mg/ (kgd) d | Average tumour inhibiting rate (x ± s)/% | The P value |
Fluorouracil 5-Fu medicine of the present invention: dosage group high dose group in the low dose group | 30 10 4 10 8 10 16 10 | 65.36±15.47 35.97±14.72 47.46±9.83 52.57±11.66 | <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 |
Table 6 gastric infusion is to mice reticulosarcoma L
2Inhibitory action
Group | Dosage administration time mg (kgd) d | Average tumour inhibiting rate (x ± s)/% | The P value |
Fluorouracil 5-Fu medicine of the present invention: dosage group high dose group in the low dose group | 30 10 4 10 8 10 16 10 | 60.33±0.7 37.64±0.01 46.76±2.15 60.75±1.65 | <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 |
Reach following technique effect through above-mentioned pharmacology test explanation the present invention:
(1) antitumor action is strong and since the present invention be with sirikaya total lactones through further refinement treatment, get rid of the lactone composition of a large amount of active lower or non-activities, only enrichment the high activity composition, thereby its effect is higher;
(2) component is simple, clear and definite, is easy to carry out quality control;
(3) simple, the easily enforcement of preparation method, cost is low;
(4) use fat milk as its pharmaceutical dosage form, successfully solved formulation problems.
Anticancer lichee lectone medicine embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
Embodiment 1
The extraction of total lactone: get 1 kilogram of Sirikaya seed, pulverize, seed meal is extracted three times with 95% soak with ethanol, each 24 hours, adds alcoholic acid amount and is: the first time 1500mL, second, third time 1000mL.Merge three times extracting solution, be evaporated to 150mL, add water 150mL, add petroleum ether extraction behind the mixing three times, each 150mL merges, add 80% alcohol extraction three times in petroleum ether extraction liquid, each 100mL merges the rare pure liquid behind 80% ethanol liquid and the petroleum ether extraction, remove ethanol under reduced pressure, add water to 200mL, chloroform extraction three times of this aqueous solution, each 100mL, be concentrated into dried brown syrup thing (30.0g) after chloroform extraction liquid merges, be total lactone extract.
The separation of total lactone: with silica gel G (300g on the above-mentioned total lactone extract that obtains, 100~200 orders, Haiyang Chemical Plant, Qingdao) post, use the chloroform-methanol gradient elution, every part receives 200mL, the pure chloroform eluting of initial usefulness, and flow point is 1~13 part, being changed to chloroform-methanol (98: 2) then, is 14~21 parts; Change (97: 3) again, 22~26 parts; Use (90: 10) eluting at last, 27~36 parts.Check with TLC, the 19th~29 part of merging is concentrated, dry, get total lactone (15.15g).
Total lactone refining: get total lactone 10g of above-mentioned preparation, go up silica gel G (300g, 100~2000 orders, Haiyang Chemical Plant, Qingdao) post again, usefulness petroleum ether-acetone is in following ratio eluting: 3: 1, and 6000mL; 7: 3,2000mL; 65: 35,1500mL; 1: 1,1000mL; Receive with every part of 100mL.Check with TLC, till when Arnold peaceful-6 is flowed out, beginning to collect when Arnold peaceful 1 is all flowed out (the 43rd~93 part), with this part flow point merging, concentrated, dry, obtain the little yellow waxy solid of 6.6g, be anticancer lichee lectone medicine thing (lot number: 981225).The content of its main component sees Table 7.
Embodiment 2
Press embodiment 1 and extract total lactone, obtain the 29.7g total lactone extract from 1 kilogram of raw material, the separation of total lactone is also undertaken by embodiment 1, altogether the total lactone of 15.23g.Get total lactone 10g, last silica gel G (300g, 100~200 orders, Haiyang Chemical Plant, Qingdao) post, use petroleum ether-acetone successively in following ratio eluting: 3: 1,9500mL; 7: 3,1500mL; Receive with every part of 100mL.Check with TLC, when Arnold peaceful-6 is flowed out, begin to collect when Arnold peaceful-1 is all flowed out till (the 35th~102 part), with this part flow point merge, concentrate, dry, obtain 6.2g anticancer lichee lectone medicine thing (lot number: 990108).The content of its main component sees Table 7.
Embodiment 3
Extract and separate total lactone by embodiment 1, from the 1.05kg raw material the 32.5g total lactone extract, this extract through separate the total lactone of 15.07g.Get the total lactone of 10g, last silica gel G (300g, 100~200 orders, Haiyang Chemical Plant, Qingdao) post, use petroleum ether-acetone successively in following ratio eluting: 3: 1,5000mL:65: 35,3500mL; Receive with every part of 100mL.Check with TLC, when Arnold peaceful-6 is flowed out, begin to collect when Arnold peaceful-1 is all flowed out till (the 41st~76 part), with this part flow point merge, concentrate, dry, obtain 6.13g anticancer lichee lectone medicine thing (lot number: 990120).The content of its main component sees Table 7.
The content of main component in the table 7 different batches annonaceous acetogenins effective site medicine
The sample lot number | Content (mass fraction)/% |
Arnold peaceful-1 | Arnold peaceful-6 | Arnold is peaceful-1+ Arnold peaceful-6 |
981225 990108 990120 | 52.06 51.42 53.55 | 10.88 11.66 9.85 | 62.94 63.10 63.40 |
Embodiment 4
The preparation of Emulsion: get anticancer lichee lectone medicine 1000mg of the present invention, add injection soybean oil 100g, add 12g lecithin again, heating is dissolved in the soybean oil all solids thing in 90 ℃ water-bath, add the injection water to 1000mL, after multistage ultrasonic emulsification is handled, filtration, embedding, sterilization, annonaceous acetogenins effective site medicine Emulsion.
Embodiment 5
The test of cell in vitro poison: used human cancer cell strain has: 7 kinds of pulmonary carcinoma (A-549), nasopharyngeal carcinoma (CNE2, SUNE1), hepatocarcinoma (BEL-7402), HT-29 (colon cancer), breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and adenocarcinomas of lung (GLC-82) etc.Adopt tetrazolium bromide reducing process (mtt assay), if negative control group, solvent control group, positive controls and variable concentrations drug dose group of the present invention, medicine of the present invention is with the 10%DMSO dissolving and be diluted to variable concentrations, and solvent control is 10%DMSO, and the positive control medicine is paclitaxel (Taxol).Result such as table 1.
Embodiment 6
Effect to mice transplanted tumor: test by health " antitumor drug pharmacodynamics test guideline " promulgated by the ministries or commissions of the Central Government.With cleaning level kunming mice, transplanted tumor is mice hepatoma HepS, murine sarcoma S-180 and reticulosarcoma L2, and lumbar injection (ip) and two kinds of administering modes of filling stomach (po) are established negative control group, positive drug matched group and medicine group of the present invention.The positive control medicine is cyclophosphamide (CTX) when intraperitoneal injection, is fluorouracil (5-Fu) when gastric infusion; Medicine of the present invention is established 3~4 dosage groups with the Emulsion of 1.0mg/mL, and every group of test repeats three batches, calculates average tumour inhibiting rate.The results are shown in Table 2~6.
Embodiment 7
Acute toxicity test: carry out acute toxicity test in mice by former Ministry of Public Health bureau of drug administration " new drug toxicology guideline ", press the Bliss method measure anticancer lichee lectone medicine Emulsion lumbar injection of the present invention (ip) once with irritate stomach (po) LD once
50