CN114109377B - Experimental method for simulating broken solution reservoir well test by ice burying and cave building - Google Patents
Experimental method for simulating broken solution reservoir well test by ice burying and cave building Download PDFInfo
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- CN114109377B CN114109377B CN202111430342.3A CN202111430342A CN114109377B CN 114109377 B CN114109377 B CN 114109377B CN 202111430342 A CN202111430342 A CN 202111430342A CN 114109377 B CN114109377 B CN 114109377B
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- well
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- filling cylinder
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
- E21B47/117—Detecting leaks, e.g. from tubing, by pressure testing
Abstract
The invention relates to an experimental method for simulating broken solution reservoir well test by ice burying and cave making, which comprises the following steps of: preparing an ice body; step 2: putting the prepared ice into a sand filling cylinder, and heating to melt ice cubes to form a broken solution reservoir well test simulation device; step 3: in the sand filling cylinder, a vertical well is used as a test well, a horizontal well is used as an observation well, quartz sand with a preselected particle size and a sand binder are filled in a cavity of the sand filling cylinder, and reservoirs with various physical properties are simulated; step 4: and (3) changing the working states of production and production stopping of the test well by installing a control valve, and recording the bottom hole pressure data of the observation well to obtain the pressure change value of the observation well. According to the invention, various well test analyses under different types of broken solution reservoirs are simulated by adopting an ice-burying cave-making method, no special requirement is imposed on the size of the sand filling barrel, the sand filling barrel is used for simulating the reservoir by filling quartz sand with uniform particle size and sand bonding agent, no complex reservoir rock sample is needed, the experimental cost is low, the operation is simple, and the repeatability is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development experiments, in particular to an experimental method for simulating a broken solution reservoir well test by ice burying and cave making.
Background
After the carbonate rock is extruded by a plurality of times of structures, a local brittle limestone broken belt is developed along the deep broken belt. In the process of infiltration of karst fluid along fracture or local hot liquid upwelling, corrosion occurs in the fracture zone to form a crack-karst cave system. Under the blocking of covering layers such as overlying mudstone, mudstone and the like and the shielding of lateral compact mudstone, the irregular broken control karst trap type is formed, and is called broken solution trap for short. The broken solution is a special type carbonate fracture-cavity type reservoir body formed by the transformation of the broken control karst, and has the characteristics of deep burial, complex space structure and extremely strong heterogeneity. The broken solution takes large-scale sliding fracture as a core to form tree-shaped earthquake reflection, and the broken solution fracture-cavity type reservoir layer is characterized by single beads or beads.
At present, the laboratory has few experimental methods for demonstrating the well test analysis of the broken solution reservoir by adopting a well test analysis method, so that a multifunctional and reusable sand filling cylinder is necessary to be provided, a set of ice-burying and hole-making flow is designed, the experimental method for simulating the well test analysis of the broken solution reservoir is formed, and theoretical guidance and data support effects are provided for evaluating the fracture-cavity types and the formation parameters of different types of broken solution reservoirs through different well test systems in the laboratory.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an experimental method for simulating the well test of a broken solution reservoir by ice-burying and cave-making, so as to realize the purpose of simulating different types of well test processes aiming at different types of broken solution reservoirs.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: an experimental method for simulating a broken solution reservoir well test by ice-burying and cave-making adopts a sand filling cylinder well test analysis device to simulate a homogeneous reservoir, the analysis device is provided with a sand filling cylinder, a perforation shaft which respectively simulates a vertical well and a horizontal well is arranged in the sand filling cylinder, and the experimental method comprises the following steps:
step 1: a pre-designed tree-shaped wax pit is carved on the wax plate, gravel or water body is selected to fill the wax pit according to the pre-simulation condition, and the wax pit is put into refrigeration equipment to prepare ice;
step 2: placing the prepared ice body into a cavity of a sand filling cylinder, filling Man Danying sand and a sand binder into the cavity of the sand filling cylinder, compacting, sealing the sand filling cylinder, and placing the ice body into a normal temperature or heating box for heating to melt the ice body so as to form a broken solution reservoir well test simulation device;
step 3: in the sand filling cylinder, one perforation shaft simulates a vertical well as a test well, the other perforation shaft simulates a horizontal well as an observation well, quartz sand with a preselected particle size and sand binder are filled in a cavity of the sand filling cylinder, reservoirs with various physical properties are simulated, and water bodies or other devices are externally connected to inlets and outlets at the side surface and the bottom of the cavity of the sand filling cylinder to simulate a hydrodynamic system with external energy supply;
step 4: the working states of production and production stopping of the test well are changed through the control valve arranged at the wellhead of the vertical well, and meanwhile, the bottom hole pressure data of the observation well are recorded to obtain the pressure change value of the observation well, so that experimental data are provided for calculating physical parameters of various complex reservoirs and flowability parameters between wells.
Further, in the step 1, if the filling type broken solution reservoir is simulated, gravel is selected to be paved in a wax pit and then water is injected; if a non-filled type broken solution reservoir is simulated, directly injecting water into the wax pit.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the sand filling barrel well testing analysis device can be repeatedly used, and can independently simulate different types of well testing analysis processes under various reservoirs. In particular, an ice-burying cave-making method is adopted to simulate various well test analyses under different types of broken solution reservoirs, no special requirement is imposed on the size of the sand filling barrel, and the method is applicable to sand filling barrels of uniform size type; the sand filling cylinder is used for simulating the reservoir by filling quartz sand with uniform particle size and sand bonding agent, so that a complex reservoir rock sample is not needed, the experimental cost is low, the operation is simple, and the repeatability is high.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the appearance of a sand pack well testing analysis device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sand pack well testing analysis device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the ice-burying and cave-making process according to the present invention.
In the figure:
a1: an inlet end of the horizontal well; a2: an inlet end of the vertical well; a3: sealing the inner cover; a4: a sealing outer cap; a5: filling sand cylinder; a6: an outlet end of the horizontal well; a7: an outlet end of the vertical well; a8: a water inlet and a water outlet; a9: a pressure gauge; a10: a control valve;
b1: a sealing gasket; b2: a seal ring; b3: a sand control cushion layer; b4: a bottom hole pressure storage; b5 sand control screen;
c1: a wax plate; c2: wax pits; and C3: gravel; and C4: water; c5: a freezer; c6: an ice body; c7: sand binder and quartz sand.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are simplified schematic representations which merely illustrate the basic structure of the invention and therefore show only the structures which are relevant to the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, an experimental method for simulating a broken solution reservoir well test by ice-making cave-making is provided, wherein a sand filling barrel well test analysis device is adopted to simulate a homogeneous reservoir, the analysis device is provided with a sand filling barrel A5, and perforation shafts respectively simulating a vertical well and a horizontal well are arranged in the sand filling barrel A5, and the experimental method comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, digging a tree-shaped wax pit C2 with the length not longer than the height of the inner cylinder of the sand filling cylinder A5 and the thickness of 3cm on a wax plate C1; subsequently, the preselected gravel C3 is laid in the wax pit C2, poured into water C4 and placed in a freezer C5 for freezing to form an ice body C6;
step 2: firstly closing a water inlet and outlet A8 at the bottom of a sand filling cylinder A5, placing a frozen ice body C6 right above a sand prevention screen B5 in the sand filling cylinder A5, then filling a sand bonding agent and quartz sand mixture C7 into the sand filling cylinder A5 to simulate a reservoir, and compacting the sand bonding agent and quartz sand mixture C7; and secondly, sealing between the sealing inner cover A3 and the sand filling cylinder A5 and sealing between the sand bonding agent and the quartz sand mixture C7 are realized through the sealing gasket B1 and the sealing ring B2, and the sealing outer cover A4 is screwed to realize the sealing firmness of the whole device. Finally, the sand filling cylinder A5 is placed in a normal temperature or an oven for heating, and a water body after the deicing body C6 is melted is discharged from a water inlet and outlet A8 at the bottom of the sand filling cylinder A5;
step 3: respectively simulating a horizontal well and a vertical well by using two simulated perforation shafts, wherein the vertical well is used as a test well, the horizontal well is used as an observation well, a sand prevention cushion B3 is arranged outside the perforation shafts to prevent filling sand from entering the shafts, a pressure gauge A9 is used for displaying pressure change, and a control valve A10 is used for controlling opening/closing of a wellhead of the test well and drainage/pressure relief/external fluid at the bottom of the test well;
step 4: closing the horizontal well outlet end A6 and the vertical well outlet end A7, injecting water from the bottom water inlet and outlet A8 stably, adjusting the control valve A10 to realize the opening/closing of the test well, simulating a pre-designed test well system, and recording and storing pressure data and observation time data in the simulation process of the vertical well with different systems by the bottom hole pressure device B4, wherein the data are used for performing test well analysis.
The invention provides a method for simulating well testing analysis of different types of disconnected solution reservoirs by utilizing a reusable multifunctional sand filling cylinder well testing analysis device and a multifunctional sand filling cylinder A5 after ice burying and cave making, so as to achieve the purpose of simulating different types of well testing processes aiming at different types of disconnected solution reservoirs.
Because the types of filling type cavities, unfilled cavities, fracture-cavity type and the like of the disconnected solution reservoir are considered, and the influence of unstable underground test on the production of the disconnected solution reservoir is considered, the invention can comprehensively simulate the well test process of various disconnected solution reservoirs, and is specifically embodied in the following steps:
a. the sand filling cylinder well test analysis device can be independently used for simulating a homogeneous reservoir, and the experimental device has strong independence; other types of well testing analysis devices can be arranged outside, and the availability is high.
b. The sand filling cylinder is internally provided with the vertical well and the horizontal well group, so that stable well test and unstable well test (pressure drop well test and pressure recovery well test) of a single well (vertical well and horizontal well) can be realized, interference well test between the vertical well and the horizontal well can be simulated, and the experimental device has various functions and strong operability.
c. The sand filling cylinder only needs to be filled with quartz sand and sand bonding agent, a true fracture-cavity rock sample is not needed, the experimental steps are simple and convenient, and the experimental cost is extremely low.
d. Different types of broken solution reservoirs (filled type cavities, unfilled type cavities and fracture-cavity type broken solution reservoirs) can be simulated by the ice-burying cave-making method, and the simulation of the well test process of various conventional broken solution reservoirs can be met.
With the above-described preferred embodiments according to the present invention as an illustration, the above-described descriptions can be used by persons skilled in the relevant art to make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the description, but must be determined according to the scope of claims.
Claims (2)
1. An experimental method for simulating broken solution reservoir well test by ice-burying and cave-making adopts a sand filling cylinder well test analysis device to simulate a homogeneous reservoir, the analysis device is provided with a sand filling cylinder, and perforation shafts respectively simulating a vertical well and a horizontal well are arranged in the sand filling cylinder, and the experimental method is characterized in that: the experimental method comprises the following steps:
step 1: a pre-designed tree-shaped wax pit is carved on the wax plate, gravel or water body is selected to fill the wax pit according to the pre-simulation condition, and the wax pit is put into refrigeration equipment to prepare ice;
step 2: placing the prepared ice body into a cavity of a sand filling cylinder, filling Man Danying sand and a sand binder into the cavity of the sand filling cylinder, compacting, sealing the sand filling cylinder, and placing the ice body into a normal temperature or heating box for heating to melt the ice body so as to form a broken solution reservoir well test simulation device;
step 3: in the sand filling cylinder, one perforation shaft simulates a vertical well as a test well, the other perforation shaft simulates a horizontal well as an observation well, quartz sand with a preselected particle size and sand binder are filled in a cavity of the sand filling cylinder, reservoirs with various physical properties are simulated, and an inlet and an outlet of the side surface and the bottom of the cavity of the sand filling cylinder are externally connected with a water body to simulate a hydrodynamic system with external energy supply;
step 4: the working states of production and production stopping of the test well are changed through the control valve arranged at the wellhead of the vertical well, and meanwhile, the bottom hole pressure data of the observation well are recorded to obtain the pressure change value of the observation well, so that experimental data are provided for calculating physical parameters of various complex reservoirs and flowability parameters between wells.
2. The experimental method for simulating broken solution reservoir well test by ice-making cave-burying according to claim 1, wherein the experimental method comprises the following steps: in the step 1, if a filling type broken solution reservoir is simulated, gravel is selected to be paved in a wax pit and then water is injected; if a non-filled type broken solution reservoir is simulated, directly injecting water into the wax pit.
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| CN114109377B true CN114109377B (en) | 2023-10-20 |
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110185435A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-30 | 常州大学 | A kind of experimental rig of heterogeneous reservoir well test analysis |
| CN110671104A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Interpretation method of interwell parameters of fracture-cavity type oil reservoir based on interference well testing interpretation |
| CN111852457A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-10-30 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for identifying karst pore passage of fracture-cavity type oil reservoir |
| CN113626969A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Reservoir well testing curve interpretation method and device for solution breaking |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105089657B (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2018-05-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | The physical simulating method and experimental provision of fracture-cavity type carbonate reservoir hydrocarbons filling |
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- 2021-11-29 CN CN202111430342.3A patent/CN114109377B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110185435A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-08-30 | 常州大学 | A kind of experimental rig of heterogeneous reservoir well test analysis |
| CN110671104A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-01-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Interpretation method of interwell parameters of fracture-cavity type oil reservoir based on interference well testing interpretation |
| CN113626969A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-11-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Reservoir well testing curve interpretation method and device for solution breaking |
| CN111852457A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-10-30 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for identifying karst pore passage of fracture-cavity type oil reservoir |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 碳酸盐岩储层缝洞储集体研究进展;王小垚;曾联波;魏荷花;孙建芳;史今雄;徐翔;曹东升;陆诗磊;;地球科学进展(第08期);第48-62页 * |
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