CN114109367A - A kind of wellbore annular liquid level monitoring method and system - Google Patents
A kind of wellbore annular liquid level monitoring method and system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloralodol Chemical compound CC(O)(C)CC(C)OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 206010068150 Acoustic shock Diseases 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/04—Measuring depth or liquid level
- E21B47/047—Liquid level
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
- E21B47/13—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling by electromagnetic energy, e.g. radio frequency
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种井筒环空液面监测方法及系统，该井环空液面监测方法，包括，设置液面监测装置运行时的最大压力Pmax以及最小压力Pmin；将液面监测装置安装于钻杆元件上；液面监测装置按照钻杆元件入井次序i进行编号；信号接收与处理装置设于钻井井口；液面监测装置所处环境压力Pi为Pmin≤Pi＜Pmax时，该液面监测装置运行，实时向信号接收与处理装置发射处于动态变化的环境压力Pi以及入井次序i；当Pi为其它值时，液面监测装置停止运行；信号接收与处理装置接收环境压力Pi以及入井次序i并存储，还存储接收Pi的时刻t。本发明能快速确定环空液面位置，对及时发现井漏、保障钻井安全有积极作用。
The invention discloses a wellbore annulus liquid level monitoring method and system. The well annulus liquid level monitoring method includes: setting the maximum pressure Pmax and the minimum pressure Pmin when the liquid level monitoring device is running; Installed on the drill pipe element; the liquid level monitoring device is numbered according to the order i of the drill pipe element entering the well; the signal receiving and processing device is located at the wellhead of the drilling; the ambient pressure P i where the liquid level monitoring device is located is P min ≤ P i <P max When the liquid level monitoring device is running, it transmits the dynamically changing ambient pressure Pi and the well entry sequence i to the signal receiving and processing device in real time; when Pi is other values, the liquid level monitoring device stops running; the signal receiving and processing device The ambient pressure Pi and the well entry sequence i are received and stored, and the time t when Pi is received is also stored. The invention can quickly determine the liquid level position of the annular space, and has a positive effect on timely detection of lost circulation and ensuring drilling safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of resource exploration and development, and particularly relates to a shaft annulus liquid level monitoring method and system.
Background
The well leakage is a complex condition which often occurs in the well drilling process, and when the well leakage occurs, effective leakage stopping measures must be timely and quickly applied, so that the leakage of drilling fluid is reduced or prevented, and serious accidents such as collapse of a well and burying of a drilling tool, well kick, overflow or blowout are avoided. When serious leakage occurs and drilling fluid returns due to loss, the annular space drilling fluid level is monitored to estimate the leakage rate of the drilling fluid besides rapid leakage stopping and continuous drilling fluid filling into the well, so that the property of the well leakage is judged, the well collapse and well control risks are evaluated, and a basis is provided for optimizing a leakage stopping scheme and rapidly stopping a leakage layer. The invention provides a method and a system for monitoring the liquid level of a shaft annulus, which can monitor the position of the liquid level of the annulus in real time and provide a method for calculating the leakage rate of drilling fluid.
Currently, existing fluid level monitoring devices generally determine fluid level position by calculating the time difference between the transmission and reception of sound waves. However, the liquid level monitoring device based on the sound wave is generally installed at the wire end part of a branch pipe of a ground throttle manifold and is installed in a fixed mode, the pressure bearing capacity cannot be lower than the pressure grade of the manifold, and the device is complex in structure, large in size and high in cost; the sound source is variable cross-section sonic boom, acoustic shock wave, infrasonic wave, electric control sound wave and the like, the anti-interference capability is weak, additional operation steps such as drill stopping, well sealing and the like are needed, the operation period is long, especially, the liquid level is reduced less, and when the reflection time of the sound part is too short, the liquid level value is difficult to obtain accurately; for directional well and highly-deviated well, the error of the monitoring result of the liquid level position is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems in the prior art, the method and the system for monitoring the liquid level of the shaft annulus are provided, and the technical problems of complex equipment, limited installation position, complex operation procedure, long measurement period and poor anti-interference capability in the prior art are mainly solved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a wellbore annulus fluid level monitoring method comprises the following steps:
Step 2, mounting the liquid level monitoring device on a drill rod element, and arranging the signal receiving and processing device outside the well drilling shaft;
step 3, numbering the liquid level monitoring devices according to the well entering sequence i of the drill rod elements;
step 4, the environment pressure P of the liquid level monitoring deviceiIs Pmin≤Pi＜PmaxThe liquid level monitoring device runs to transmit the dynamically changed environmental pressure P to the signal receiving and processing device in real timeiAnd a well entry order i;
step 5, when P isi≥PmaxWhen is, or Pi＜PminWhen the pressure is not detected, the liquid level monitoring device stops transmitting the environmental pressure P to the signal receiving and processing deviceiAnd a well entry order i;
step 6, the signal receiving and processing device receives the environmental pressure P emitted by the liquid level monitoring deviceiAnd entering the well sequence i and storing, and simultaneously storing and receiving PiTime t of (c).
In this technical scheme, PminThe value is set manually before the liquid level monitoring device is placed in the well, wherein PminThe value is set to be less than or equal to the atmospheric pressure value, PmaxThe value is set according to the height of the annular liquid column penetrated by the electromagnetic wave and the intensity of the electromagnetic wave after the electromagnetic wave penetrates the annular liquid column. When the liquid level monitoring device on the drill rod elements with the well entering sequence i monitors the environment pressure PiBetween PminAnd PmaxAnd meanwhile, the annular liquid level is positioned at a drill rod element with a well entering sequence i, at the moment, the page monitoring device operates to transmit well entering sequence information and real-time environment pressure information to the signal receiving and processing device, so that the signal receiving and processing device can determine the position of the annular liquid level, the pressure change value, the annular liquid level descending speed and other data after receiving the information transmitted from the liquid level monitoring device.
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
further comprising the step 7 of calculating the distance L between the liquid level monitoring device with the well entry sequence i at the moment t and the well headi(t) wherein LdpThe number of drill rod elements from the liquid level monitoring device with the length of the drill rod and the sequence of entering the well as i to the well mouth of the well is Li(t)＝n·Ldp。
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
further comprising, step 8, based on PiCalculating the liquid level Di(t)：Di(t)＝Pi/(ρ·g)。
In the technical scheme, a calculation formula P ═ rho gh based on liquid column pressure, rho is liquid density, g is gravity acceleration, h is liquid column height, namely pressure PiHeight of hour liquid level Di(t)＝Pi/(ρ·g)。
Further, in the above-mentioned case,
further comprising the step 9 of calculating the annular liquid level position L at the time ttop(t), wherein h is the distance between the liquid level monitoring device arranged on the drill rod element with the well entering sequence i and the top of the drill rod element with the liquid level monitoring device:
Ltop(t)＝Li(t)+(h-Di(t))。
preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
further comprising step 10, calculating a pressure change value Δ p (t) at time t, where Δ t is a set time interval:
ΔP(t)＝Pi(t)-Pi(t+Δt)。
furthermore, the method also comprises the following steps of,
step 11, calculating a liquid level lowering speed Δ l (t) at time t:
ΔL(t)＝ΔP(t)/Δt·(ρ·g)-1。
furthermore, the method also comprises the following steps of,
step 12, calculating the leak rate Δ Q, wherein r1To drill the wellbore radius, r2Radius of outer surface of drill rod element:
ΔQ＝π·ΔL(t)·(r1 2-r2 2)。
preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
in the step 2, 1-2 liquid level monitoring devices are arranged on the drill rod element;
when 2 liquid level monitoring devices are arranged on the drill rod element, the 2 liquid level monitoring devices are connected in parallel and are mutually standby.
In the technical scheme, 2 liquid level monitoring devices are arranged in parallel on one drill rod element, so that the accuracy and stability of the environmental pressure information and the well entering sequence information transmitted by the liquid level monitoring devices are improved.
Based on the shaft annulus liquid level monitoring method, the shaft annulus liquid level monitoring system comprises a liquid level monitoring module and a signal receiving and processing module, wherein,
in the liquid level monitoring device, the liquid level monitoring device is arranged,
the pressure sensing module monitors the environmental pressure in real time and transmits the monitored environmental pressure information to the data transmission module, and the signal transmission module receives the environmental pressure information from the pressure sensing module and transmits well entry sequence i information and the environmental pressure information to the signal receiving and processing device;
the first power supply module is used for supplying power to the pressure sensing module and the signal transmission module;
in the signal receiving and processing device, the wireless signal receiving module receives well entering sequence i information and environmental pressure information transmitted by the liquid level monitoring device and transmits the environmental pressure information and the well entering sequence i information to the data processing module;
the data processing module outputs result information to external display equipment for display according to a set algorithm;
the second power supply module is used for supplying power to the wireless signal receiving module and the data processing module.
In the technical scheme, the pressure sensing module entering the well is always in an operating state, the environmental pressure Pi of the liquid level monitoring device is monitored in real time, and when the pressure sensing module monitors PiIs Pmin≤Pi＜PmaxThen, the signal receiving module and the signal transmission module start to operateLine, wherein the data transmission module transmits the received PiThe value and the well entering sequence information stored in the data transmission module are coded and transmitted to the signal receiving and processing device, and the signal receiving module of the signal receiving and processing device receives the PiAnd (4) decoding the information and the well entering sequence i, and then outputting a result by the data processing module according to a set algorithm.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the system is based on electromagnetic wave signal transmission, and has the advantages of high speed, no time delay and strong anti-interference capability;
2. the liquid level monitoring device is triggered by the pressure sensor, runs fully automatically, does not need manual intervention, does not need additional operation steps, and has high monitoring efficiency;
3. the liquid level position and the drilling fluid leakage rate are obtained by calculation of the received determination signals and are irrelevant to the well type and the liquid level position, and the monitoring result is reliable and accurate;
4. the signal receiving and processing device is installed in an open position of a ground wellhead, has no special requirements, is simple to operate and has no interference to a drilling system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive step.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of embodiment 1 of a wellbore annulus fluid level monitoring method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of embodiment 2 of the drilling annulus fluid level monitoring method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of embodiment 3 of the drilling annulus fluid level monitoring method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a wellbore annulus level monitoring device installation in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fluid level monitoring device of a wellbore annulus fluid level monitoring system according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a signal receiving and processing device of a wellbore annulus level monitoring system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, a method for monitoring the liquid level in the annulus of a wellbore needs to prepare a plurality of liquid level detection devices and a plurality of drill pipe elements before monitoring, wherein the drill pipe elements are structurally composed of drill pipes and drill pipe joints as shown in fig. 5. Before entering the well, the length of the drill pipe elements is measured and the drill pipe elements are numbered.
In this embodiment, the wellbore annulus level monitoring method includes steps S1-S6, which are specifically as follows:
s1, setting the maximum pressure P when the liquid level monitoring device operatesmaxSetting the minimum pressure P when the liquid level monitoring device is operatedmin；
S2, mounting the liquid level monitoring device on the drill rod element, and arranging the signal receiving and processing device outside the well drilling shaft;
s3, numbering the liquid level monitoring devices according to the well entering sequence i of the drill rod elements;
preferably, the liquid level monitoring devices are numbered sequentially from small to large according to the well entry sequence of the drill rod element in which the liquid level monitoring devices are located, each liquid level monitoring device corresponds to one drill rod element, and numbering information corresponding to the number of the corresponding drill rod element is preset in each liquid level monitoring device before the liquid level monitoring devices enter the well; preferably, the liquid level monitoring device is arranged at the bottom of the drill rod element, namely the liquid level monitoring device is positioned at the lower part of the drill rod joint;
preferably, at least 2 liquid level monitoring devices are installed on the drill rod element, the at least 2 liquid level monitoring devices are connected in parallel, and at least 2 liquid level monitoring devices connected in parallel are arranged on one drill rod element, so that the liquid level monitoring devices are mutually standby, and the stability and the accuracy of the number information transmitted by the liquid level monitoring devices are improved.
S4, the environment pressure P of the liquid level monitoring device isiIs Pmin≤Pi＜PmaxThe liquid level monitoring device runs to transmit the dynamically changed environmental pressure P to the signal receiving and processing device in real timeiAnd a well entry order i;
s5, when P isi≥PmaxWhen is, or Pi＜PminWhen the pressure is not detected, the liquid level monitoring device stops transmitting the environmental pressure P to the signal receiving and processing deviceiAnd a well entry order i.
S6, the signal receiving and processing device receives the environmental pressure P transmitted by the liquid level monitoring deviceiAnd entering the well sequence i and storing, and simultaneously storing and receiving PiTime t of (c).
In this embodiment, since the length of each drill pipe element is known before entering the well, the position of the annulus fluid level can be determined after determining the entering sequence of the drill pipe elements in which the fluid level monitoring device is in operation, and the error between the position of the annulus fluid level determined according to the above method and the actual position of the annulus fluid level is negligible over the length of one drill pipe element relative to the actual depth of the well during drilling operations.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, fig. 2 shows a flow chart of another method of monitoring the fluid level in the annulus of the wellbore.
The present embodiment proposes another embodiment based on embodiment 1, and the differences between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 are specifically as follows:
s7, calculating the distance L between the liquid level monitoring device with the well entering sequence i at the time t and the well mouth of the welli(t) wherein LdpThe number of drill rod elements from the liquid level monitoring device with the length of the drill rod and the sequence of entering the well as i to the well mouth of the well is Li(t)＝n·Ldp；
S8, based on PiCalculating the liquid level Di(t), where ρ is the well fluid density, g is the acceleration of gravity: di(t)＝Pi/(ρ·g)；
S9, calculating the annular liquid level position L at the time ttop(t), wherein h is the distance between the liquid level monitoring device arranged on the drill rod element with the well entering sequence i and the top of the drill rod element with the liquid level monitoring device:
Ltop(t)＝Li(t)+(h-Di(t))。
in the embodiment, the method for calculating the real-time annular liquid level position is provided, the shaft annular liquid level position is obtained by calculating the received determination signal and is irrelevant to the drilling type and the shaft annular liquid level position, and the detection result is objective, accurate and reliable.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4, fig. 3 is a flow chart of another method of monitoring the fluid level in the annulus of a wellbore.
The present embodiment proposes another embodiment based on embodiment 1, and the differences between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 are specifically as follows:
s10, calculating a pressure change value delta P (t) at the time t, wherein delta t is a set acquisition interval:
ΔP(t)＝Pi(t)-Pi(t+Δt)；
s11, calculating the liquid level height lowering speed Δ l (t) at time t:
ΔL(t)＝ΔP(t)/Δt·(ρ·g)-1；
s12, calculating the leakage velocity delta Q, wherein r1To drill the wellbore radius, r2Radius of outer surface of drill rod element:
ΔQ＝π·ΔL(t)·(r1 2-r2 2)。
in the embodiment, the method for calculating the real-time annular liquid level descending speed is provided, the shaft annular liquid level position is obtained by calculating the received determination signal and is irrelevant to the drilling type and the shaft annular liquid level position, and the detection result is objective, accurate and reliable.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, this embodiment includes all the technical features of embodiment 1, embodiment 2, and embodiment 3, and this embodiment provides a wellbore annulus level monitoring system based on embodiment 1, embodiment 2, and embodiment 3.
Comprises a liquid level monitoring device 100 arranged on a drill rod element and a signal receiving and processing device 200 arranged outside a well bore;
the liquid level monitoring device 100 is composed of a pressure sensing module 101, a signal storage and processing module 102, a signal transmission module 103 and a first power supply module 104;
the signal receiving and processing device 200 is composed of a wireless signal receiving module 201, a data processing module 202 and a second power supply module 203.
The pressure sensing module 101 monitors the environmental pressure of a drill rod element where the current liquid level monitoring device 100 is located in real time, and transmits the monitored environmental pressure information to the signal storage and processing module 102, and the signal storage and processing module 102 receives the environmental pressure information from the pressure sensing module 101 and then transmits the information of the well entry sequence i and the environmental pressure information to the signal transmission module 103; the first power supply module 104 is used for supplying power to the pressure sensing module 101, the signal storage and processing module 102 and the signal transmission module 103;
in the signal receiving and processing device 200, the wireless signal receiving module 201 receives information of a well entering sequence i and environmental pressure information transmitted from the liquid level monitoring device 100, and transmits the information of the environmental pressure and the information of the well entering sequence i to the data processing module 202;
the second power supply module 203 is configured to supply power to the wireless signal receiving module 201 and the data processing module 202;
the data processing module 202 outputs the result information to the external display device for display according to the established algorithm.
The hardware device of the pressure sensing module 101 of this embodiment is a commercially available or commercially available pressure sensor, the signal storage and processing module 102 of this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, STM32, STC89C52, and CC2530, the signal transmission module 103 includes, but is not limited to, NRF24L01, Zigbee, and Lora, and the wireless signal receiving module 201 includes, but is not limited to, NRF24L01, Zigbee, and Lora. The data processing module 202 includes, but is not limited to, STM32, STC89C52, CC2530, and the like.
The first power supply module and the second power supply module can be lithium batteries, button batteries, dry batteries and the like, and the external display equipment can be mobile phones, ipads, computers and other display terminals.
As described above, the present invention can be preferably realized.
It is noted that the concept of the present invention is not only applied to solving the problem of well leakage in drilling, but also applied to the technical field of dynamic liquid level monitoring of wells such as oil wells and natural gas production wells.
All features disclosed in all embodiments in this specification, or all methods or process steps implicitly disclosed, may be combined and/or expanded, or substituted, in any way, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made to the above embodiment within the spirit and principle of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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