CN114109334B - Reservoir fracturing device and reservoir fracturing string - Google Patents
Reservoir fracturing device and reservoir fracturing string Download PDFInfo
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- CN114109334B CN114109334B CN202010894536.8A CN202010894536A CN114109334B CN 114109334 B CN114109334 B CN 114109334B CN 202010894536 A CN202010894536 A CN 202010894536A CN 114109334 B CN114109334 B CN 114109334B
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Transmission Of Braking Force In Braking Systems (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a reservoir fracturing device and a reservoir fracturing string, wherein the reservoir fracturing device comprises: an outer cylinder provided with a first outer air hole and a second outer air hole; the inner cylinder is provided with a first inner air hole and a second inner air hole, is arranged in the outer cylinder and is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder; the sliding body is arranged in the inner cylinder body and can move relative to the outer cylinder body along the axial direction of the outer cylinder body, and the sliding body is provided with a medium channel for the fracturing medium to flow along the axial direction of the outer cylinder body; the inner cylinder body is connected with the sliding body through a ratchet mechanism, so that the sliding body can drive the inner cylinder body to move downwards, and the ratchet mechanism can remove the upward driving force applied by the sliding body to the inner cylinder body; and the first spring is arranged between the inner cylinder body and the sliding body. The invention solves the technical problems that in the prior art, all stratum are fractured by using the same pressure, so that some stratum cannot be fractured, and the pressure cannot be effectively transmitted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation equipment, in particular to a reservoir fracturing device and a reservoir fracturing string.
Background
The coalbed methane is mainly stored in the coal rock, and the coalbed methane reservoir is transformed by the fracturing technology, so that the exploitation efficiency of the coalbed methane can be improved. At present, a coalbed methane reservoir is mainly reformed by a hydraulic fracturing technology so as to enable cracks in the reservoir to be communicated with a coalbed methane well, and therefore the gas production of the coalbed methane well is improved. However, in the coal-bed gas well subjected to hydraulic fracturing, the transformation range of the first fracturing is smaller and the single well yield is lower in general cases; in the drainage and production process, partial single well yield is easily reduced due to crack closure, coal dust blockage and the like.
The plugging removal secondary fracturing process is an effective yield increasing measure for the coal-bed gas well. For the coalbed methane reservoir, the rock quality of different strata is different, and the hydraulic pressure required by the coalbed methane reservoir to be pressed open is different; secondly, the hydraulic pressure required for the overflow of the coalbed methane also varies due to the construction difference of the same coalbed methane reservoir. At present, all formations are usually fractured by using the same pressure, so that some formations cannot be fractured, the pressure cannot be effectively transmitted, the development of cracks of a coalbed methane reservoir is imperfect, the exploitation efficiency of oil gas is affected, and the economic benefit is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reservoir fracturing device and a reservoir fracturing string, which are used for solving the technical problems that in the prior art, all strata are fractured by using the same pressure, so that some strata cannot be fractured, and the pressure cannot be effectively transmitted.
The above object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a reservoir fracturing device comprising:
the outer cylinder is provided with a first outer air hole and a second outer air hole, and the lower end of the outer cylinder is closed;
the inner cylinder body is provided with a first inner air hole and a second inner air hole, is arranged in the outer cylinder body, is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder body, and can move relative to the outer cylinder body along the axial direction of the outer cylinder body;
the sliding body is arranged in the inner cylinder body and can move relative to the outer cylinder body along the axial direction of the outer cylinder body, the sliding body is provided with a medium channel for a fracturing medium to flow along the axial direction of the outer cylinder body, and the fracturing medium in the medium channel can generate upward driving force for the sliding body; the inner cylinder body is connected with the sliding body through a ratchet mechanism, so that the sliding body can drive the inner cylinder body to move downwards, and the ratchet mechanism can remove the upward driving force applied to the inner cylinder body by the sliding body;
a first spring provided between the inner cylinder and the sliding body;
the inner cylinder body can move to a first position or a second position relative to the outer cylinder body, wherein the first inner air hole is overlapped with the first outer air hole, and the second inner air hole is deviated from the second outer air hole; in the second position, the first inner air hole is deviated from the first outer air hole, and the second inner air hole is overlapped with the second outer air hole;
the fracturing medium in the medium channel can flow to a reservoir through the overlapped first inner air hole and the first outer air hole; the fracturing medium in the medium channel can flow downwards through the overlapped second inner air hole and the second outer air hole.
In a preferred embodiment, the ratchet mechanism comprises a ratchet slot provided on the inner wall of the inner cylinder and an elastic ratchet provided on the sliding body and engaged with the ratchet slot.
In a preferred embodiment, the elastic ratchet is a rubber ratchet.
In a preferred embodiment, a compression cavity is arranged between the inner wall of the inner cylinder body and the sliding body, and the compression cavity is separated from the medium channel; the first spring is arranged in the compression cavity, the upper end of the first spring is connected with the outer cylinder body, and the lower end of the first spring is abutted to the sliding body.
In a preferred embodiment, a second spring is provided between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the second spring having a tendency to drive the inner cylinder to move to the first position.
In a preferred embodiment, a reset cavity is arranged between the side wall of the outer cylinder body and the outer wall of the inner cylinder body, the second spring is arranged in the reset cavity, the first end of the second spring is abutted to the inner cylinder body, and the second end of the second spring is abutted to the outer cylinder body.
In a preferred embodiment, an upper cover is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer cylinder, and the second spring can drive the inner cylinder to move to be abutted with the upper cover.
In a preferred embodiment, the outer cylinder is provided with a limiting step, and when the inner cylinder moves to abut against the limiting step, the inner cylinder is located at the second position.
In a preferred embodiment, the reservoir fracturing device comprises a reset cylinder comprising a reset ring portion, a first reset cylinder connected to the inside of the reset ring portion, and a second reset cylinder connected to the outside of the reset ring portion; the first reset cylinder body is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding body; the sliding body is provided with a reset groove extending along the axial direction of the outer cylinder body, and the second reset cylinder body is arranged in the reset groove.
In a preferred embodiment, a limit cover is arranged at the upper end of the first reset cylinder body, and the reset cylinder can move relative to the sliding body until the limit cover is abutted with the sliding body.
The invention provides a reservoir fracturing string, comprising:
the reservoir fracturing device;
a sealing joint installed at the lower end of the outer cylinder, wherein the fracturing medium in the medium channel can flow into the sealing joint through a second inner air hole and a second outer air hole which are overlapped;
and the oil pipe is fixedly connected with the outer cylinder body and is communicated with the medium channel.
In a preferred embodiment, the reservoir fracturing device is a plurality in number; the reservoir fracturing string comprises at least one connection joint; the two adjacent reservoir fracturing devices are connected in series through the connecting joint, and fracturing media in the medium channels in the reservoir fracturing devices above can flow into the connecting joint through the second inner air holes and the second outer air holes which are overlapped, and the medium channels in the reservoir fracturing devices below are communicated with the connecting joint; a seal joint is mounted to the outer barrel in the reservoir fracturing device at the end.
The invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
the reservoir fracturing device is lowered into a reservoir to be fractured, and fracturing media are conveyed to a media channel of the sliding body through an oil pipe. The inner cylinder body is positioned at a first position, and the fracturing medium flows to the reservoir; as the medium channel is gradually filled with the fracturing medium, the pressure in the medium channel is gradually increased to push the sliding body to move upwards relative to the outer cylinder, in the process, the inner cylinder is not driven under the action of the ratchet mechanism, the first inner air hole and the first outer air hole keep an overlapped state, and the fracturing medium can continue to flow to the reservoir; simultaneously, the sliding body and the inner cylinder body generate relative motion, the first spring is deformed, and the first spring applies spring force to the sliding body.
As the pressure in the media channels increases, the reservoir may be forced apart. At the moment that the reservoir is pressed open, the fracturing medium in the medium channel flows into the pressed open crack at a higher speed, the pressure of the medium channel is released, the pressure is reduced at a higher speed, the sliding body is pushed to move downwards by the spring force of the first spring, the sliding body drives the inner cylinder body to move downwards together under the action of the ratchet mechanism, the inner cylinder body moves to a second position, the first inner air hole and the first outer air hole are staggered, and the fracturing medium is stopped being injected into the reservoir; the second inner pores overlap the second outer pores and the fracturing medium may flow downward to continue fracturing the reservoir below.
In the process of fracturing the reservoir by using the reservoir fracturing device, the pressure of the reservoir fracturing device is gradually increased due to continuous inflow of fracturing medium, and the pressure is continuously increased before the reservoir is fractured, so that when the reservoir fracturing device is applied to different reservoirs, the pressure can be ensured to be increased to the pressure required by the fractured reservoir, and the reservoir is fractured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reservoir fracturing device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion at A in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the reservoir fracturing device of FIG. 1 in a first position;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the reservoir fracturing device of FIG. 1 in a second position;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reservoir fracturing string provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the reservoir fracturing string of FIG. 5 running into an oil well;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the reservoir fracturing string shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a connection joint in the reservoir fracturing string shown in FIG. 5;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a seal joint in the reservoir fracturing string shown in fig. 5.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10. an outer cylinder; 11. A first outer air hole; 12. A second external air hole;
14. a slide rail; 15. A limit step; 100. The axial direction of the outer cylinder;
20. an inner cylinder; 21. a first inner air hole; 22. a second inner air hole; 24. communicating the air holes; 25. a reset chamber;
30. a sliding body; 301. a cylindrical portion; 302. a circular ring portion; 31. a media channel; 32. a compression chamber; 33. a reset groove;
40. a reset cylinder; 41. a first reset cylinder; 42. a second reset cylinder; 43. a reset ring portion; 44. a limit cover;
50. a ratchet mechanism; 51. ratchet tooth slot; 52. a ratchet; 520. an elastic ratchet; 521. rubber ratchet teeth;
61. a first spring; 62. a second spring;
71. a cover is arranged; 72. a lower cover; 731. a first external thread; 732. a second external thread;
80. a reservoir fracturing device; 81. a terminal reservoir fracturing device;
91. a sealing joint; 92. a connecting joint; 93. an oil pipe; 94. a reservoir.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The present invention provides a reservoir fracturing device, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the outer cylinder 10, the inner cylinder 20, the slider 30, and the first spring 61; the lower end of the outer cylinder body 10 is closed, and the outer cylinder body 10 is provided with a first outer air hole 11 and a second outer air hole 12; the inner cylinder 20 is provided with a first inner air hole 21 and a second inner air hole 22, the inner cylinder 20 is arranged in the outer cylinder 10 and is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder 10, and the inner cylinder 20 can move relative to the outer cylinder 10 along the axial direction 100 of the outer cylinder; the sliding body 30 is arranged in the inner cylinder 20 and can move along the axial direction 100 of the outer cylinder relative to the outer cylinder 10, the sliding body 30 is provided with a medium channel 31 for a fracturing medium to flow along the axial direction 100 of the outer cylinder, and the fracturing medium in the medium channel 31 can generate upward driving force for the sliding body 30; the inner cylinder 20 is connected with the sliding body 30 through the ratchet mechanism 50, so that the sliding body 30 can drive the inner cylinder 20 to move downwards, and the ratchet mechanism 50 can remove the upward driving force applied by the sliding body 30 to the inner cylinder 20; the first spring 61 is provided between the inner cylinder 20 and the slider 30; the inner cylinder 20 is movable to a first position or a second position relative to the outer cylinder 10, in which the first inner air holes 21 overlap the first outer air holes 11 and the second inner air holes 22 are offset from the second outer air holes 12; in the second position, the first inner air hole 21 is offset from the first outer air hole 11, and the second inner air hole 22 overlaps the second outer air hole 12; the fracturing medium in the medium channel 31 can flow to the reservoir through the overlapped first inner air holes 21 and first outer air holes 11; the fracturing medium in the medium channel 31 can flow down through the overlapping second inner and second outer air holes 22, 12.
The reservoir fracturing device is lowered into the reservoir to be fractured and the fracturing medium is delivered through tubing to the medium passage 31 of the slider 30. As shown in fig. 3, the inner barrel 20 is in a first position with the fracturing medium flowing to the reservoir; as the medium channel 31 is gradually filled with the fracturing medium, the pressure in the medium channel 31 is gradually increased, the sliding body 30 is pushed to move upwards relative to the outer cylinder body 10, in the process, the inner cylinder body 20 is not driven under the action of the ratchet mechanism 50, the first inner air holes 21 and the first outer air holes 11 keep an overlapped state, and the fracturing medium can continue to flow to the reservoir; at the same time, a relative movement is generated between the sliding body 30 and the inner cylinder 20, the first spring 61 is deformed, and the first spring 61 applies a spring force to the sliding body 30.
As the pressure in the medium channel 31 increases, the reservoir will be pressed open. At the moment when the reservoir is pressed open, the fracturing medium in the medium channel 31 flows into the pressed open crack at a higher speed, the pressure of the medium channel 31 is released, the pressure is reduced at a higher speed, the sliding body 30 is pushed to move downwards by the spring force of the first spring 61, the sliding body 30 drives the inner cylinder body 20 to move downwards together under the action of the ratchet mechanism 50, the inner cylinder body 20 is moved to a second position shown in fig. 4, the first inner air holes 21 are staggered with the first outer air holes 11, and the fracturing medium is stopped being injected into the reservoir; the second inner pores 22 overlap the second outer pores 12 and the fracturing medium may flow downwardly to continue fracturing the reservoir below.
In the process of fracturing the reservoir by using the reservoir fracturing device, the pressure of the reservoir fracturing device is gradually increased due to continuous inflow of fracturing medium, and the pressure is continuously increased before the reservoir is fractured, so that when the reservoir fracturing device is applied to different reservoirs, the pressure can be ensured to be increased to the pressure required by the fractured reservoir, and the reservoir is fractured.
As shown in fig. 1, the inner wall of the outer cylinder 10 is provided with a sliding rail 14 extending along the axial direction 100 of the outer cylinder, the outer wall of the inner cylinder 20 is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding rail 14, and the sliding rail 14 is embedded in the sliding groove to guide the inner cylinder 20 to move relative to the outer cylinder 10. An upper cover 71 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer cylinder body 10, a lower cover 72 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the outer cylinder body 10, and the outer wall of the sliding body 30 is slidably contacted with the upper cover 71; the fracturing medium can flow in from the upper end of the medium channel 31 and towards the lower end of the outer cylinder 10. In the medium channel 31, the downward face of the slider 30 is subjected to an upward pressure of the fracturing medium in the medium channel 31, and the upward face of the slider 30 is subjected to a downward pressure of the fracturing medium in the medium channel 31; in the medium channel 31, the downward face of the sliding body 30 is larger than the upward face of the sliding body 30, so that the fracturing medium in the medium channel 31 can generate an upward driving force to the sliding body 30.
Further, a compression cavity 32 is arranged between the inner wall of the inner cylinder 20 and the sliding body 30, the compression cavity 32 is separated from the medium channel 31, the sliding body 30 and the upper cover 71 and the sliding body 30 and the inner cylinder 20 are in sealing fit, the compression cavity 32 is formed by surrounding the sliding body 30, the inner cylinder 20 and the upper cover 71, the compression cavity 32 is separated from the medium channel 31, and in the fracturing process, the pressure in the compression cavity 32 is generally smaller than the pressure in the medium channel 31; specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the slider 30 includes a cylindrical portion 301 and a circular ring portion 302 connected to the lower end of the cylindrical portion 301, the inner wall of the cylindrical portion 301 and the inner wall of the circular ring portion 302 being equal in size, and the medium passage 31 is formed inside the cylindrical portion 301 and inside the circular ring portion 302; the outer diameter of the cylinder 301 is smaller than that of the circular ring part 302, the outer wall of the cylinder 301 is in sliding sealing fit with the upper cover 71, the outer wall of the circular ring part 302 is in sealing fit with the inner wall of the inner cylinder 20, the compression cavity 32 is formed among the circular ring part 302, the inner cylinder 20, the upper cover 71 and the cylinder 301, and the lower surface of the circular ring part 302 is positioned in the compression cavity 32; the lower surface of the annular portion 302 is pressed by the fracturing medium in the medium passage 31, and an upward driving force is generated on the slider 30.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first spring 61 is disposed in the compression chamber 32, the upper end of the first spring 61 is connected to the outer cylinder 10, the lower end of the first spring 61 abuts against the sliding body 30, and when the sliding body 30 moves upwards, the first spring 61 is driven to compress, so as to store energy in the first spring 61, which is beneficial to making the structure of the reservoir fracturing device more compact.
In the first position, the second inner vent 22 is offset from the second outer vent 12, and may be used in a manner not limited to one in order to prevent the flow of the fracturing medium in the medium passage 31. In one embodiment, the inner cylinder 20 can cover the second outer vent 12 in the first position. In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, an end cap is provided at the lower end of the inner cylinder 20 to put the inner cylinder 20 in a closed state, so that in the first position, the fracturing medium is blocked in the space surrounded by the inner cylinder 20.
The ratchet mechanism 50 can realize unidirectional transmission between the sliding body 30 and the inner cylinder 20, the ratchet mechanism 50 comprises a ratchet slot 51 and a ratchet 52 matched with the ratchet slot 51, the ratchet slot 51 can be arranged on the sliding body 30, and the ratchet 52 is arranged on the inner cylinder 20; the ratchet groove 51 may be provided in the inner cylinder 20, and the ratchet 52 may be provided in the slider 30. Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the ratchet mechanism 50 includes a ratchet groove 51 provided at an inner wall of the inner cylinder 20 and a ratchet 52 provided at the slider 30 and engaged with the ratchet groove 51. Further, the ratchet 52 is an elastic ratchet 520, and the elastic ratchet 520 is meshed with the ratchet slot 51, so that on one hand, unidirectional transmission can be realized, and on the other hand, sealing fit can be realized, so as to ensure that the compression cavity 32 is separated from the medium channel 31. Preferably, the elastic ratchet 520 is a rubber ratchet 521.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a second spring 62 is disposed between the outer cylinder 10 and the inner cylinder 20, and the second spring 62 has a tendency to drive the inner cylinder 20 to move to the first position, so that the first outer air holes 11 coincide with the first inner air holes 21, and the fracturing medium flows to the outer space of the outer cylinder 10 to flow to the reservoir. As shown in fig. 1, a reset cavity 25 is arranged between the side wall of the outer cylinder 10 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 20, a second spring 62 is arranged in the reset cavity 25, a first end of the second spring 62 is abutted against the inner cylinder 20, and a second end of the second spring 62 is abutted against the outer cylinder 10, so that the reservoir fracturing device is more compact in structure and beneficial to stable operation; further, the inner cylinder 20 is provided with a communication air hole 24, and the communication air hole 24 communicates the reset cavity 25 with the medium channel 31, so that the movement of the inner cylinder 20 can be reduced, and the volume change of the reset cavity 25 causes the air pressure in the reset cavity 25 to change, so that the resistance of the movement of the inner cylinder 20 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, an upper cover 71 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer cylinder 10, the second spring 62 can drive the inner cylinder 20 to move to abut against the upper cover 71, the upper cover 71 can play a role in limiting the position of the inner cylinder 20, and the inner cylinder 20 is positioned at the first position by driving the inner cylinder 20 to move to abut against the upper cover 71.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the outer cylinder 10 is provided with a limiting step 15, and when the inner cylinder 20 moves to abut against the limiting step 15, the inner cylinder 20 is located at the second position as shown in fig. 1 and 4. The limiting step 15 performs a limiting function on the inner cylinder 20, so that when the pressure release occurs in the medium channel 31, the first spring 61 pushes the sliding body 30 to move downwards, the downward moving distance of the inner cylinder 20 is limited, and the inner cylinder 20 can be positioned at the second position.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the reservoir fracturing device comprises a reset cylinder 40, the reset cylinder 40 comprising a reset ring portion 43, a first reset cylinder 41 connected to the inside of the reset ring portion 43, and a second reset cylinder 42 connected to the outside of the reset ring portion 43; the reset ring part 43 is arranged at the lower side of the sliding body 30, and the first reset cylinder 41 is arranged at the inner wall of the sliding body 30; the slide body 30 is provided with a reset groove 33 extending in the axial direction 100 of the outer cylinder, and the second reset cylinder 42 is provided in the reset groove 33. The reset cylinder 40 is movable relative to the slide 30 in the axial direction 100 of the outer cylinder. The sliding body 30 may be made of a rubber material; the resetting cylinder 40 can be made of steel materials, and the resetting cylinder 40 plays a supporting role on the sliding body 30: the second restoring cylinder 42 can open the ratchet 52 on the sliding body 30, so that the ratchet 52 is kept engaged with the ratchet groove 51; after the fracturing task is completed, the device is recovered to the ground, the limit cover 44 can be directly pushed downwards, the second reset cylinder 42 and the sliding body 30 are separated, and the expanded ratchet 52 contracts to realize resetting, so that the device is reset from the second position state to the first position state.
Further, a limiting cover 44 is disposed at the upper end of the first reset cylinder 41, the reset cylinder 40 can move relative to the sliding body 30 until the limiting cover 44 abuts against the sliding body 30, and the limiting cover 44 can be used for limiting the moving range of the reset cylinder 40 relative to the sliding body 30, so as to prevent the sliding body 30 and the reset cylinder 40 from falling off.
The reservoir fracturing device can be applied to coal bed gas reservoirs and can also be applied to other types of oil and gas reservoirs. The reservoir fracturing device is preferably applied to gas fracturing, and the fracturing medium is gas; the reservoir fracturing device can also be applied to hydraulic fracturing, and the fracturing medium is a liquid medium.
Example two
The present invention provides a reservoir fracturing string, as shown in fig. 5, comprising: reservoir fracturing unit 80, seal joint 91 and tubing 93 described above; the sealing joint 91 is installed at the lower end of the outer cylinder 10, and the fracturing medium in the medium channel 31 can flow into the sealing joint 91 through the overlapped second inner air hole 22 and second outer air hole 12; the oil pipe 93 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 10 and communicates with the medium passage 31. As shown in fig. 6, reservoir fracturing unit 80 is lowered into reservoir 94 to be fractured and connected to the surface by tubing 93; after the reservoir 94 is pressed open, the fracturing medium in the medium channel 31 flows into the seal joint 91 through the second inner air holes 22 and the second outer air holes 12, avoiding leakage of the fracturing medium. When the reservoir fracturing device 80 is applied to different reservoirs 94, the pressure can be ensured to be increased to the pressure required by the reservoir 94 to be pressed open, so that the reservoir 94 is pressed open.
In one embodiment of the invention, the number of reservoir fracturing devices 80 is a plurality; the reservoir fracturing string includes at least one connection 92; the two adjacent reservoir fracturing devices 80 are connected in series through a connecting joint 92, and fracturing media in a media channel 31 in the reservoir fracturing device 80 positioned above can flow into the connecting joint 92 through a second inner air hole 22 and a second outer air hole 12 which are overlapped, and the media channel 31 in the reservoir fracturing device 80 positioned below is communicated with the connecting joint 92; the seal joint 91 is mounted to the outer barrel 10 in the end reservoir fracturing unit 81.
The reservoir fracturing string is lowered into the well with the end reservoir fracturing unit 81 at the end, typically lowermost. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the reservoir fracturing string includes two reservoir fracturing devices 80, each reservoir fracturing device 80 corresponding to a respective reservoir 94.
In the process of fracturing by using the reservoir fracturing string, before the reservoir fracturing device 80 positioned above does not fracture the reservoir 94, fracturing medium does not flow into the reservoir fracturing device 80 positioned below, and the fracturing medium injected from the wellhead is accumulated in the reservoir fracturing device 80 positioned above, so that the pressure of the fracturing medium is gradually increased; after the upper reservoir fracturing unit 80 has fractured the corresponding reservoir 94, the fracturing medium begins to flow into the lower reservoir fracturing unit 80 through the connection 92. The reservoir fracturing string adopts progressive fracturing, so that different fracturing pressures can be provided for different reservoirs 94, and the reservoir 94 can be favorably ensured to be fractured. To facilitate assembly of the reservoir fracturing device 80 with the seal joint 91 and the connector joint 92, the upper cover 71 is provided with a first external thread 731, and the lower end of the outer cylinder 10 is provided with a second external thread 732. Specifically, the second external thread 732 may be an internal thread or an external thread; the first external thread 731 may be an internal thread or an external thread.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the connecting joint 92 is cylindrical, and the lower end of the connecting joint 92 is provided with threads for matching with the first external threads 731; the upper end of the connection joint 92 is provided with threads for mating with the second external threads 732. A plurality of connection joints 92 may be connected in series with a plurality of reservoir fracturing units 80.
As shown in fig. 7 and 9, the lower end of the seal joint 91 is closed; the upper end of the seal segment 91 is threaded and may mate with the second external threads 732 to connect the seal segment 91 to the lower end of the reservoir fracturing unit 80.
The foregoing is merely a few embodiments of the present invention and those skilled in the art may make various modifications or alterations to the embodiments of the present invention in light of the disclosure herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. A reservoir fracturing device comprising:
the outer cylinder is provided with a first outer air hole and a second outer air hole, and the lower end of the outer cylinder is closed;
the inner cylinder body is provided with a first inner air hole and a second inner air hole, is arranged in the outer cylinder body, is in sliding connection with the outer cylinder body, and can move relative to the outer cylinder body along the axial direction of the outer cylinder body;
the sliding body is arranged in the inner cylinder body and can move relative to the outer cylinder body along the axial direction of the outer cylinder body, the sliding body is provided with a medium channel for a fracturing medium to flow along the axial direction of the outer cylinder body, and the fracturing medium in the medium channel can generate upward driving force for the sliding body; the inner cylinder body is connected with the sliding body through a ratchet mechanism, so that the sliding body can drive the inner cylinder body to move downwards, and the ratchet mechanism can remove the upward driving force applied to the inner cylinder body by the sliding body;
a first spring provided between the inner cylinder and the sliding body;
the inner cylinder body can move to a first position or a second position relative to the outer cylinder body, wherein in the first position, the first inner air hole is overlapped with the first outer air hole, and the second inner air hole is deviated from the second outer air hole; in the second position, the first inner air hole is deviated from the first outer air hole, and the second inner air hole is overlapped with the second outer air hole;
the fracturing medium in the medium channel can flow to a reservoir through the overlapped first inner air hole and the first outer air hole; the fracturing medium in the medium channel can flow downwards through the overlapped second inner air hole and the second outer air hole.
2. The reservoir fracturing device of claim 1, wherein said ratchet mechanism comprises ratchet teeth slots provided on an inner wall of said inner barrel and resilient ratchet teeth provided on said slider and cooperating with said ratchet teeth slots.
3. The reservoir fracturing device of claim 2, wherein said resilient ratchet is a rubber ratchet.
4. The reservoir fracturing device of claim 1, wherein a compression chamber is provided between an inner wall of said inner barrel and said sliding body, said compression chamber being spaced from said media passage;
the first spring is arranged in the compression cavity, the upper end of the first spring is connected with the outer cylinder body, and the lower end of the first spring is abutted to the sliding body.
5. A reservoir fracturing device according to claim 1, wherein a second spring is arranged between said outer cylinder and said inner cylinder, said second spring having a tendency to drive said inner cylinder to move to said first position.
6. The reservoir fracturing device of claim 5, wherein a reset cavity is provided between a sidewall of the outer barrel and an outer wall of the inner barrel, the second spring is disposed in the reset cavity, a first end of the second spring is abutted to the inner barrel, and a second end of the second spring is abutted to the outer barrel.
7. The reservoir fracturing device of claim 5, wherein an upper cover is fixedly connected to the upper end of the outer cylinder, and the second spring can drive the inner cylinder to move to abut against the upper cover.
8. The reservoir fracturing device of claim 1, wherein the outer barrel is provided with a stop step, and the inner barrel is in the second position when the inner barrel is moved into abutment with the stop step.
9. The reservoir fracturing device of claim 1, wherein the reservoir fracturing device comprises a reset cylinder comprising a reset ring portion, a first reset cylinder connected to an inner side of the reset ring portion, and a second reset cylinder connected to an outer side of the reset ring portion;
the first reset cylinder body is arranged on the inner wall of the sliding body; the sliding body is provided with a reset groove extending along the axial direction of the outer cylinder body, and the second reset cylinder body is arranged in the reset groove.
10. The reservoir fracturing device of claim 9, wherein a limit cap is provided at an upper end of the first reset cylinder, the reset cylinder being movable relative to the slider to the limit cap abutting the slider.
11. A reservoir fracturing string comprising:
the reservoir fracturing device of any of claims 1-10;
a sealing joint installed at the lower end of the outer cylinder, wherein the fracturing medium in the medium channel can flow into the sealing joint through a second inner air hole and a second outer air hole which are overlapped;
and the oil pipe is fixedly connected with the outer cylinder body and is communicated with the medium channel.
12. The reservoir fracturing string of claim 11, wherein the number of reservoir fracturing devices is a plurality; the reservoir fracturing string comprises at least one connection joint;
the two adjacent reservoir fracturing devices are connected in series through the connecting joint, and fracturing media in the medium channels in the reservoir fracturing devices above can flow into the connecting joint through the second inner air holes and the second outer air holes which are overlapped, and the medium channels in the reservoir fracturing devices below are communicated with the connecting joint;
a seal joint is mounted to the outer barrel in the reservoir fracturing device at the end.
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| CN109138917A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | It is a kind of to set sliding sleeve and the fracturing string comprising it |
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| US9394777B2 (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2016-07-19 | CNPC USA Corp. | Pressure controlled multi-shift frac sleeve system |
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| WO2014153314A1 (en) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-09-25 | Schlumberger Canada Limited | Sleeve valve |
| CN103821488A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2014-05-28 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Gradually-set and perforated fracturing pipe column and application method thereof |
| CN204851209U (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-09 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Fracturing sliding sleeve subassembly |
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