CN114109113A - Safety method for military and civilian protection in nuclear warfare and air attack - Google Patents

Safety method for military and civilian protection in nuclear warfare and air attack Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114109113A
CN114109113A CN202010853975.4A CN202010853975A CN114109113A CN 114109113 A CN114109113 A CN 114109113A CN 202010853975 A CN202010853975 A CN 202010853975A CN 114109113 A CN114109113 A CN 114109113A
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concrete
concrete culvert
blocks
culvert pipe
tunnels
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杨金生
杨泽
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04HBUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/04Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
    • E04H9/10Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls
    • E04H9/12Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls entirely underneath the level of the ground, e.g. air-raid galleries

Abstract

The invention discloses a safety protection method for military and civilian in nuclear warfare and air attack, relating to the technical field of safety protection for military and civilian, and the technical solution is as follows: the method for protecting the military and the civil in the nuclear war and the air attack is completed by overlapping and manufacturing concrete culvert blocks into concrete tunnels or underpasses widely in China, the culvert blocks manufactured by concrete have the advantages that the culvert blocks can be manufactured into various shapes according to requirements, the strength is excellent, the culvert blocks can be carried, overlapped and communicated like building blocks, the concrete culvert blocks can be produced in a centralized manner by a concrete member factory, and nuclear-resistant weapons for the concrete tunnels and underpasses are constructed in the country.

Description

Safety method for military and civilian protection in nuclear warfare and air attack
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of military and civil safety protection, in particular to a method for protecting the safety of military and civil in nuclear warfare and air attack.
Background
The China devotes a peace defense policy, does not use nuclear weapons firstly, does not use nuclear weapons for non-nuclear countries, only has the lowest nuclear counterattack force, seemingly, China army and people are safe because of the nuclear weapons, and actually the safety is relative safety and can not ensure the absolute safety of China army and people, and the strategy of each nuclear major country is that the nuclear weapons can mutually destroy each other, so the danger really exists; meanwhile, the popularization of intelligent technology, the nuclear power countries all have intelligent last-day nuclear counterattack setting, and terrorists and hackers are immersed or do not know factors at present, which can cause the non-nationally controlled nuclear missile launching. Then, the method can not only use the nuclear weapon to counter-attack the opponent, but also protect the soldier and the people of the opponent from being damaged by the nuclear weapon, and the answer is that the answer is some, and in sixty years, the tunnel is the best method for protecting the soldier and the people in China. All the soil tunnel tunnels dug in the sixties are filled and leveled as soon as possible except that a small amount of concrete is reserved. The main factors of nuclear weapon killers and objects are shock waves, light radiation, early nuclear radiation, radioactive contamination and electromagnetic pulses, the tunnel nuclear defense weapon is the best method recognized by the world, according to different importance of protection targets, the tunnel is deep or shallow, more important targets such as nuclear weapons, military first brains and the like are generally deeper in a mountain tunnel and can exceed 500 meters deepest, for the protection of the majority of military people, the tunnel tunnels with wide area and numerous quantity can be obtained, most of the tunnel tunnels dug by nationwide military people in sixties are soil environment convenient to be nearby, the soil environment has the advantages of good digging and poor durability, most of the tunnel tunnels collapse within 1-5 years, the rain is easy to water, the inventor participates in 3 years of tunnels dug by old people in the Heilongjiang in the sixties, and the inventor participates in the north of military in the rural areas of the world war after the business trip, the soil property of the land is good, but the land collapses in more than ten years, the water seepage upwards occurs when a ditch with the depth of one meter is dug in many places of Jiangsu, the digging of a tunnel is not easy, the digging of the tunnel can only be maintained for several months or days, the tunnels dug in big cities such as Beijing and Shanghai are made of concrete, the tunnel is good as before 60 years ago, and the strength of the concrete is higher. The method has the advantages that the number of materials in China is much larger than that in the sixties, the steel and cement yield of China breaks through 10 hundred million tons and exceeds more than half of the total world yield, and the national capacity is still reduced at present, so that the method has reliable material guarantee for widely constructing the nuclear weapon of the concrete tunnel with good durability in China, and meanwhile, as a major country for capital construction, the excavator and concrete forming technology in China are popularized, new material technologies are more and more, and the method has the condition for constructing the nuclear weapon of the concrete tunnel in China.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the inventor designs a method for protecting the safety of the military and the civilian in the nuclear war and the air attack according to the social research and the concrete research practice, and constructs the nuclear weapons in the concrete tunnel and the tunnel nationwide, the method is easy to construct, is beneficial to national economy, has wide popularization range, ensures the protection time of more than two hundred years, can destroy ground house equipment when meeting nuclear wars, but can protect the military and the civilian in the underground tunnel and the tunnel.
The technical solution of the security method for the military and the civilian in the nuclear warfare and the air attack is as follows: the method for protecting the military and civilian security in nuclear wars and air attacks is completed by overlapping and manufacturing concrete underground caverns or underpasses by using concrete culvert blocks widely throughout the country, has the advantages that the culvert blocks manufactured by concrete can be manufactured into various shapes according to requirements, have excellent strength, can be transported, overlapped and communicated like building blocks, can be produced in a centralized manner by concrete member factories, all cities, even counties and towns in China have one or more concrete member factories, even if a new factory is relatively common technical equipment, from the aspect of national resource layout, a large amount of cement, gravel and steel required by the concrete culvert blocks need to be transported from the outside, the concrete member factories in the province of energy and other nationwide resource and condition concrete member factories can be produced in a centralized manner, pollution and traffic aggravation can be caused by production and molding in a central city, the crowded concrete culvert blocks can be produced in a centralized manner by resources such as inner Mongolia city, concrete member factories in the province of energy and other nationwide resource and condition concrete member factories in the country, the resources and energy big provinces such as the inner cover of China are usually solid waste pollutant discharge big provinces, a large amount of fly ash discharged by a thermal power plant is in disaster, tailings and tailings of various mining industries are local headache things, the fly ash, the tailings and the tailings can be organically utilized and used as concrete ingredients to become a component of a concrete culvert pipe block, waste is changed into valuable, the environment is protected to be recycled, and the processed concrete culvert pipe blocks are sent to all holes or tunnel construction places in the country through convenient electrified railways in China; the concrete culvert pipe blocks are divided into general shapes and special shapes, the general concrete culvert pipe blocks are used for directly connecting the underground passage, and the special concrete culvert pipe blocks are used for turning, earrooms or other necessary purposes; the general shape of the concrete culvert pipe block is that the end surface inner diameter size is 1-2 meters wide at the bottom, the height of the side wall is 1.5-2 meters, the upper side is arched, the height from the highest point of the arch to the bottom edge is 1.8-2.8 meters, the wall thickness of the concrete is 10-30 centimeters, and the length of the concrete culvert pipe block is 3-5 meters, the size ensures that the inner space of the concrete culvert pipe block is wide, the transportation of pedestrians and general objects is convenient, the concrete culvert pipe block has enough strength, the weight cannot be too heavy, and the whole concrete culvert pipe block is convenient to load and unload in trains, automobiles and cranes; the two end faces of the concrete culvert pipe block are of a step structure, so that the two concrete culvert pipe blocks are tightly lapped when being connected, and the lapping among the universal-shaped concrete culvert pipe block, the turning special-shaped block and the ear chamber special-shaped block is the step structure; the upper edge is arched to ensure that the concrete culvert pipe block has higher downward pressure resistance; digging out enough depth when the tunnel or the underpass is constructed, wherein the depth ensures that the distance between the arched outer high point of the concrete culvert pipe block and the ground is not less than 1.5 m, and the thickness of a backfill soil layer on the concrete culvert pipe block is not less than 1.5 m; the concrete culvert pipe blocks are horizontally placed in the dug ditch, the ladder structures between the two concrete culvert pipe blocks are guaranteed to be tightly lapped together, the gaps at the joints are filled and sealed by cement, water is guaranteed not to seep into the concrete culvert pipe blocks, a plurality of concrete culvert pipe blocks are placed and connected according to the required length and the required function of the tunnel or the ground, and the concrete culvert pipe blocks comprise general shapes and special shapes; after the concrete culvert pipe blocks are connected, the upper backfill soil layer is filled and leveled without other purposes, the depth of 1.5 m ensures that the conventional cannonball can not be completely fried in direct hit, the non-core-blasting position can resist shock waves, light radiation, early nuclear radiation, radioactive contamination and electromagnetic pulse damage after the nuclear weapon explodes, and meanwhile, the upper fill of the concrete culvert pipe blocks can be used for planting crops, running vehicles and other uses.
The density and the mileage of the holes or the tunnels are determined according to the daily life population of large, medium and small cities, and each person can be evacuated and hidden, rural residents and unimportant independent residents can construct the holes, the Mi-shaped tunnels are constructed by military camps, party administration agencies and schools and are scattered in all directions in case of danger, the tunnels are constructed by assuming that Beijing is 1000 kilometers from Shanghai, macroscopically, the tunnels are directly connected, particularly, the constructed tunnels are turned every dozens of meters, the turns are symmetrically turned to two sides, the direct impact of explosion impact waves is prevented, ear rooms are constructed on two sides of the tunnels every several meters, and the hidden soldiers can be prevented from being scattered and hidden, and the Mi-shaped tunnels are also designed; the entrance of the cave or the tunnel can be indoors or other convenient places, a plurality of exits can be arranged at the exit of the cave or the tunnel according to the simulated military needs of the destruction of the nuclear weapons, the tunnel can be connected with the city and the countryside, the city and the city can be connected with each other, the communication and the connection of the star-and-go chess can be established according to the needs, and the tunnel becomes the really underlying great wall; according to the actual situation of the tunnel, the tunnel is provided with reasonable ventilation and gas ports for gas defense, and necessary rescue and guarantee articles are equipped. According to the density of 3 people evacuated per meter, the length of a 14-hundred million population tunnel in China is 4.7 million meters, about 1 cubic concrete is used per 2 meters, and 2.35 million cubic concrete is used in total, the normal concrete consumption of China is about 25 million cubic per year at present, even if the whole country is built in a year, the concrete consumption is only increased by one tenth, and the China can completely realize the aim; at present, the international environment is poor, the dual-cycle economic strategy is implemented in China, and the civil and military security method needs to produce a large amount of concrete culvert pipe blocks and a large amount of geotechnical work in nuclear war and air attack, so that the employment can be promoted. The nuclear bomb explosion damage core area with the equivalent of ten million tons is 4 square kilometers, a tunnel or a tunnel is not protected within 4 square kilometers, a concrete tunnel or a tunnel beyond 4 square kilometers is safe, the equivalent of a general nuclear missile is several million tons, the area of a Beijing urban area is 735 square kilometers, 2000 million people in Beijing are distributed in the urban area, 2.72 million people are distributed per square kilometer, and the extreme condition that the first Beijing in China is subjected to 10 million equivalent nuclear bomb explosion is assumed, the area of the damaged core area is 40 square kilometers, 108 million of population is killed, about 1900 million of population is saved, namely 95 percent of residents are kept safe, if 2000 ten thousand population are in ground room, the simulation shows that even one million tons of nuclear bomb explosion can lead the 2000 ten thousand population to almost die, and the personnel security result is huge with and without tunnel or underground protection. Since the concrete tunnel or tunnel can prevent nuclear weapons, the effect of preventing the air attack of the conventional bomb is better.
The three gorges dam is a concrete structure, the dam is expected to operate for 500 years in a water-wet environment, a concrete tunnel or tunnel is also in the water-wet environment underground, the service life of the dam is at least more than 200 years, the dam is built for one year, and the safety of military and civilian is protected for more than 200 years; meanwhile, as the tunnel or the underpass is formed by overlapping the concrete culvert pipe blocks, the construction needs to be changed at some place, and the concrete culvert pipe blocks can be dug out at any time to change the layout.
The military and civil security method can be operated in nuclear warfare and air attack, works in the contemporary, benefits in the thousand autumn and has great significance.
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front sectional structure of a general-shape concrete culvert block for the security method of military and civil in nuclear wars and air attacks;
FIG. 2 is a left side view structural schematic diagram of a universal shaped concrete culvert pipe block of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention for constructing a road in a shape of Chinese character Mi;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a roadway corner and ear chamber configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the special-shaped turning concrete culvert block of the present invention;
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 5:
the technical solution of the security method for the military and the civilian in the nuclear warfare and the air attack is as follows: the method for protecting the military and civilian security in nuclear wars and air attacks is completed by overlapping and manufacturing concrete underground caverns or underpasses by using concrete culvert blocks widely throughout the country, has the advantages that the culvert blocks manufactured by concrete can be manufactured into various shapes according to requirements, have excellent strength, can be transported, overlapped and communicated like building blocks, can be produced in a centralized manner by concrete member factories, all cities, even counties and towns in China have one or more concrete member factories, even if a new factory is relatively common technical equipment, from the aspect of national resource layout, a large amount of cement, gravel and steel required by the concrete culvert blocks need to be transported from the outside, the concrete member factories in the province of energy and other nationwide resource and condition concrete member factories can be produced in a centralized manner, pollution and traffic aggravation can be caused by production and molding in a central city, the crowded concrete culvert blocks can be produced in a centralized manner by resources such as inner Mongolia city, concrete member factories in the province of energy and other nationwide resource and condition concrete member factories in the country, the resources and energy big provinces such as the inner cover of China are usually solid waste pollutant discharge big provinces, a large amount of fly ash discharged by a thermal power plant is in disaster, tailings and tailings of various mining industries are local headache things, the fly ash, the tailings and the tailings can be organically utilized and used as concrete ingredients to become a component of a concrete culvert pipe block, waste is changed into valuable, the environment is protected to be recycled, and the processed concrete culvert pipe blocks are sent to all holes or tunnel construction places in the country through convenient electrified railways in China; the concrete culvert pipe blocks are divided into general shapes and special shapes, the general concrete culvert pipe blocks are used for directly connecting the underground passage, and the special concrete culvert pipe blocks are used for turning, earrooms or other necessary purposes; the general shape of the concrete culvert pipe block is that the end surface inner diameter size is 1-2 meters wide at the bottom (10), the height of the side wall (11) is 1.5-2 meters, the upper edge (12) is arched, the height from the highest point of the arch to the bottom edge (10) is 1.8-2.8 meters, the wall thickness of the concrete culvert pipe block is 10-30 centimeters, and the length of the concrete culvert pipe block is 3-5 meters, so that the size ensures that the inner space of the concrete culvert pipe block is wide, the transportation of pedestrians and general objects is convenient, the concrete culvert pipe block has enough strength and can not be overweight, and the whole concrete culvert pipe block is convenient to lift, load and unload in trains, automobiles and cranes; the two end faces of the concrete culvert pipe block are in a step (13) structure, so that the two concrete culvert pipe blocks are tightly lapped when being connected, and the lapping among the universal-shaped concrete culvert pipe block, the turning special-shaped block and the ear chamber special-shaped block is the step (13) structure; the upper edge (12) is arched to ensure that the concrete culvert pipe block has higher downward pressure resistance; digging out enough depth when the tunnel or the underpass is constructed, wherein the depth ensures that the distance between the arched outer high point of the concrete culvert pipe block and the ground is not less than 1.5 m, and the thickness of a backfill soil layer on the concrete culvert pipe block is not less than 1.5 m; concrete culvert pipe blocks are horizontally placed in the dug ditch, a step (13) structure between the two concrete culvert pipe blocks ensures that the two concrete culvert pipe blocks are tightly lapped together, a gap at the joint is filled and sealed by cement, water is prevented from seeping into the concrete culvert pipe blocks, a plurality of concrete culvert pipe blocks are placed and connected according to the required length and the required function of a tunnel or a tunnel, and the concrete culvert pipe blocks comprise general shapes and special shapes; after the concrete culvert pipe blocks are connected, the upper backfill soil layer is filled and leveled without other purposes, the depth of 1.5 m ensures that the conventional cannonball can not be completely fried in direct hit, the non-core-blasting position can resist shock waves, light radiation, early nuclear radiation, radioactive contamination and electromagnetic pulse damage after the nuclear weapon explodes, and meanwhile, the upper fill of the concrete culvert pipe blocks can be used for planting crops, running vehicles and other uses.
The density and the mileage of the holes or the tunnels are determined according to the daily living population of large, medium and small cities, and each person can be evacuated and hidden, rural residents and unimportant independent residents can construct the holes, the rice-shaped tunnels (14) are constructed by military camps, party administration agencies and schools and are scattered in all directions in case of danger, if Beijing reaches 1000 kilometers of the Shanghai to construct the tunnels, the roads are macroscopically directly connected, particularly, the constructed tunnels need to turn (15) every dozens of meters, the turns (15) symmetrically turn towards two sides to prevent direct impact of explosion impact waves, ear rooms (16) are constructed on two sides of the tunnels every several meters to ensure that hidden soldiers disperse and hide, and the rice-shaped tunnels (14) are also designed; the entrance of the cave or the tunnel can be indoors or other convenient places, a plurality of exits can be arranged at the exit of the cave or the tunnel according to the simulated military needs of the destruction of the nuclear weapons, the tunnel can be connected with the city and the countryside, the city and the city can be connected with each other, the communication and the connection of the star-and-go chess can be established according to the needs, and the tunnel becomes the really underlying great wall; according to the actual situation of the tunnel, the tunnel is provided with reasonable ventilation and gas ports for gas defense, and necessary rescue and guarantee articles are equipped. According to the density of 3 people evacuated per meter, the length of a 14-hundred million population tunnel in China is 4.7 million meters, about 1 cubic concrete is used per 2 meters, and 2.35 million cubic concrete is used in total, the normal concrete consumption of China is about 25 million cubic per year at present, even if the whole country is built in a year, the concrete consumption is only increased by one tenth, and the China can completely realize the aim; at present, the international environment is poor, the dual-cycle economic strategy is implemented in China, and the civil and military security method needs to produce a large amount of concrete culvert pipe blocks and a large amount of geotechnical work in nuclear war and air attack, so that the employment can be promoted. The nuclear bomb explosion damage core area with the equivalent of ten million tons is 4 square kilometers, a tunnel or a tunnel is not protected within 4 square kilometers, a concrete tunnel or a tunnel beyond 4 square kilometers is safe, the equivalent of a general nuclear missile is several million tons, the area of a Beijing urban area is 735 square kilometers, 2000 million people in Beijing are distributed in the urban area, 2.72 million people are distributed per square kilometer, and the extreme condition that the first Beijing in China is subjected to 10 million equivalent nuclear bomb explosion is assumed, the area of the damaged core area is 40 square kilometers, 108 million of population is killed, about 1900 million of population is saved, namely 95 percent of residents are kept safe, if 2000 ten thousand population are in ground room, the simulation shows that even one million tons of nuclear bomb explosion can lead the 2000 ten thousand population to almost die, and the personnel security result is huge with and without tunnel or underground protection. Since the concrete tunnel or tunnel can prevent nuclear weapons, the effect of preventing the air attack of the conventional bomb is better.
The three gorges dam is a concrete structure, the dam is expected to operate for 500 years in a water-wet environment, a concrete tunnel or tunnel is also in the water-wet environment underground, the service life of the dam is at least more than 200 years, the dam is built for one year, and the safety of military and civilian is protected for more than 200 years; meanwhile, as the tunnel or the underpass is formed by overlapping the concrete culvert pipe blocks, the construction needs to be changed at some place, and the concrete culvert pipe blocks can be dug out at any time to change the layout.
The military and civil security method can be operated in nuclear warfare and air attack, works in the contemporary, benefits in the thousand autumn and has great significance.

Claims (4)

1. The method is characterized in that the method is finished by overlapping and manufacturing concrete tunnels or underpasses by using concrete culvert blocks widely in China, the concrete culvert blocks are produced in a centralized manner by using concrete member factories of resources such as inner Mongolia and energy provinces and other concrete member factories with resources and utilization conditions in the country as key processing factories, and the processed concrete culvert blocks are delivered to all tunnels or underpass construction places in the country through convenient electrified railways in China.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the concrete culvert blocks are divided into general shapes and special shapes, the general shapes of the concrete culvert blocks are used for direct connection of underground passages, and the special shapes of the concrete culvert blocks are used for turning, earrooms or other necessary purposes; the general shape of the concrete culvert pipe block is that the end surface inner diameter size is 1-2 meters, the bottom width is 1-2 meters, the side wall height is 1.5-2 meters, the upper side is arched, the height from the highest point of the arch to the bottom edge is 1.8-2.8 meters, the wall thickness of the concrete is 10-30 centimeters, the length of the concrete culvert pipe block is 3-5 meters, two end surfaces of the concrete culvert pipe block are of a step structure, the tight lap joint is ensured when the two concrete culvert pipe blocks are connected, and the lap joint among the general-shaped concrete culvert pipe block, the turning special-shaped block and the ear chamber special-shaped block is the step structure.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tunnel or tunnel is dug to a depth sufficient to ensure that the arch-shaped outer high point of the concrete culvert pipe block is not less than 1.5 m from the ground, and the backfill soil layer on the concrete culvert pipe block is not less than 1.5 m in thickness; the concrete culvert pipe blocks are horizontally placed in the dug ditch, the ladder structures between the two concrete culvert pipe blocks are guaranteed to be tightly lapped together, the gaps at the joints are filled and sealed by cement, water is guaranteed not to seep into the concrete culvert pipe blocks, a plurality of concrete culvert pipe blocks are placed and connected according to the required length and the required function of the tunnel or the ground, and the concrete culvert pipe blocks comprise general shapes and special shapes; after the concrete culvert pipe blocks are connected, the upper backfill soil layer is filled and leveled, and other purposes are avoided.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the density and mileage of the holes or tunnels are determined according to the daily population of the large, medium and small cities, and each person can be evacuated and hidden, and the rural residents and unimportant independent residents can build the holes, and the military camp, the party administration and the school can build the Mi-shaped tunnels which are scattered in all directions in danger, and if Beijing is taken to 1000 kilometers from Shanghai to build the tunnels, macroscopically, the roads are directly connected, and the constructed tunnels are turned every other tens of meters, and the turns are symmetrically turned to two sides to prevent direct blast shock waves, and the two sides of the tunnels form an ear room every other several meters to ensure that the soldiers can avoid scattered hiding.
CN202010853975.4A 2020-08-26 2020-08-26 Safety method for military and civilian protection in nuclear warfare and air attack Pending CN114109113A (en)

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