CN114107887A - Ultrasonic-assisted powder metal infiltration device and method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic-assisted powder metal infiltration device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114107887A CN114107887A CN202111384636.7A CN202111384636A CN114107887A CN 114107887 A CN114107887 A CN 114107887A CN 202111384636 A CN202111384636 A CN 202111384636A CN 114107887 A CN114107887 A CN 114107887A
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;iron Chemical compound [AlH3].[Fe] KCZFLPPCFOHPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000611 Zinc aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical group [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron zinc Chemical compound [Fe].[Zn] KFZAUHNPPZCSCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 108010066114 cabin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005269 aluminizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002357 osmotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 potassium fluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005475 siliconizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ultrasonic auxiliary powder metal infiltration device, which comprises an ultrasonic vibration device, a heating furnace and a sealed cabin, wherein the ultrasonic vibration device consists of an ultrasonic power supply, an energy converter, an amplitude transformer and a vibration head, the heating furnace consists of a working cavity, a heating pipe and a heat preservation shell, the heating pipe is arranged between the working cavity and the heat preservation shell, the tops of the working cavity and the heat preservation shell are provided with through holes matched with the amplitude transformer, the vibration head is fixed at the tail end of the amplitude transformer and inserted into the working cavity, the working cavity is filled with an infiltration agent and a workpiece, and the ultrasonic vibration device is arranged in the sealed cabin. The heat transfer speed is increased, the traveling path of diffusion atoms is improved, and the defects of high heating temperature, long heat preservation time and the like in the traditional process are overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material surfaces, in particular to an ultrasonic-assisted powder metal infiltration device and method.
Background
Powder metal infiltration is one of the methods for preparing alloy coatings on the surface of metallic materials. Is a metal compound coating layer formed by diffusion of active atoms on the surface of a metal material.
The traditional powder metal infiltration process is usually to form metal active atoms through single heat energy and diffuse the metal active atoms into the part matrix to form a metal compound coating. However, the method has the defects of overhigh heating temperature, overlong heat preservation time and the like, such as the processes of powder aluminizing, siliconizing, copper infiltrating, manganese infiltrating and the like, the heating temperature is usually about 1000 ℃, the heat preservation is required for several hours to more than ten hours, the energy consumption is high, the efficiency is low, and the quality of the part is seriously influenced because the part is easily subjected to thermal deformation due to overhigh heating temperature. In order to solve the above problems of the conventional powder metal infiltration process, Sun Hirte et al improve the conventional powder metal infiltration process in a "mechanical energy metal infiltration surface modification novel technology" (patent publication No. 1320717A), which comprises rotating a roller filled with an infiltration agent in a heating furnace at a rotation speed of 3-60 rpm, impacting the workpiece surface with the infiltration agent and impact particles in the roller of the heating furnace to generate a sufficient number of vacancies for atomic diffusion, and realizing mechanical energy metal infiltration surface modification at 400 ℃ and 600 ℃. In the patent "a method for accelerating the preparation of an alloy coating" (the publication number: 1316056C), a method for accelerating the preparation of an alloy coating is proposed by Odongi et al, which comprises placing a medium ball, a composite powder and a part to be treated in a closed container, placing the closed container in a heating furnace, heating, and connecting to a mechanical vibration device, wherein the mechanical vibration device generates mechanical vibration according to a predetermined vibration frequency and amplitude, and drives the closed container in the heating furnace to vibrate, so that the medium ball in the closed container generates reciprocating motion, and the composite powder and the sample in the closed container are impacted, and a plurality of physicochemical processes such as diffusion, reaction, sintering and the like are simultaneously performed through the combination of thermal energy and mechanical impact to form the alloy coating. However, in the two methods, the penetrating agent and the sample can only fill 60-90% of the container, and because the size and the mass of the penetrating agent and the sample are different, part of the sample can be exposed out of the penetrating agent and cannot generate a permeable layer in the rolling or vibrating process of the closed container; if the container is completely filled, the osmotic agent and the sample cannot move, and the beneficial effects of improvement cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic-assisted powder metal infiltration device and method, which solve the problems that the traditional powder metal infiltration method is high in heating temperature and long in heat preservation time, and an infiltration layer cannot be formed on the surface of part of a sample due to the fact that a container cannot be filled with the existing novel powder metal infiltration method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an ultrasonic-assisted powder metal infiltration device, which comprises an ultrasonic vibration device, a heating furnace and a sealed cabin, and is characterized in that: the ultrasonic vibration device comprises an ultrasonic power supply, an energy converter, an amplitude transformer and a vibration head, the heating furnace comprises a working chamber, a heating pipe and a heat preservation shell, the heating pipe is arranged between the working chamber and the heat preservation shell, a through hole matched with the amplitude transformer is arranged at the top of the working chamber and the top of the heat preservation shell, the vibration head is fixed at the tail end of the amplitude transformer through internal threads and inserted into the working chamber, a penetrating agent and a workpiece are filled in the working chamber, the ultrasonic vibration device is installed in a sealed bin through a support, and an air valve is arranged on the sealed bin.
Preferably, the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration device is 20-30kHz, and the amplitude is 10-20 microns.
An ultrasonic-assisted powder metal infiltration method is characterized in that an infiltration agent and a workpiece are mixed uniformly and then are loaded into a working cavity, a vibration head is inserted into the working cavity after an ultrasonic vibration device is assembled, air in a sealed cabin is pumped out through an air valve, the sealed cabin is kept in a vacuum state, a heating pipe is started to enable the temperature of the working cavity to rise to 400-plus-one-temperature 600 ℃, the ultrasonic vibration device is started at the same time, and the heating pipe and a power supply of the ultrasonic vibration device are closed after the constant temperature is kept for 1-4 hours.
Preferably, the penetrating agent consists of pure metal powder or alloy powder, a filler and a catalyst, and the penetrating agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50-70% of pure metal powder or alloy powder, 20-49% of filler and 1-10% of catalyst.
Preferably, the metal powder is zinc powder, or aluminum powder, or copper powder, or manganese powder, the alloy powder is zinc-aluminum, or iron-zinc, or iron-aluminum, or aluminum-rare earth alloy, the filler is alumina or silica, the catalyst is chloride or fluoride, and the powder particle size is 30-300 meshes.
The invention has the advantages that the vibrating head is inserted into the working cavity from the top of the working cavity and the heat preservation shell, so that the powder penetrating agent can be prevented from overflowing in the working process, in addition, the vibrating head is utilized to directly drive the powder penetrating agent to carry out high-frequency low-amplitude ultrasonic vibration, and the problem that the existing roller type and vibrating type powder metal penetrating technology penetrating agent can not fill a closed container is solved; secondly, the ultrasonic vibration effect enables the particles of the powder permeating agent and the workpiece to be separated and attached instantly periodically, the heat transfer mode is changed into the flow contact heat transfer between solid particles, the heat transfer speed is increased, the heating and burn-through time is shortened, and meanwhile, the flow heating between the particles of the powder permeating agent also improves the temperature uniformity in the working cavity; finally, under the action of ultrasonic vibration, the infiltration agent particles continuously impact the surface of the workpiece, so that a large number of vacancies required by atomic diffusion are generated on the surface of the workpiece, an atomic sparse region or a diffusion channel is formed, the path of diffused atoms is improved, the migration energy of atomic diffusion is reduced, the heating temperature is reduced, the heat preservation time is shortened, and the defects of high heating temperature, long heat preservation time, high energy consumption and the like in the traditional metal infiltration process are overcome.
In addition, because the ultrasonic vibration device can not bear high temperature for a long time, the ultrasonic vibration device must be arranged outside the heating furnace, so that through holes matched with the amplitude transformer are formed in the working cavity and the heat preservation shell, complete sealing can not be realized in the working process, in order to prevent air from entering the working cavity to cause oxidation of a penetrating agent in the process of powder metal infiltration, the ultrasonic vibration device and the heating furnace are arranged in a sealed cabin, and the sealed cabin is vacuumized before heating to ensure normal operation of the ultrasonic-assisted powder metal infiltration process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: 1-a support; 2-sealing the bin; 3-an ultrasonic power supply; 4-a transducer; 5-an amplitude transformer; 6-vibrating the head; 7-an air valve; 8-a working chamber; 9-a workpiece; 10-a penetrant; 11-heating tube; 12-insulating shell.
Detailed Description
In embodiment 1, the present invention is further described below according to a specific embodiment, and referring to fig. 1, an ultrasonic-assisted powder metal infiltration device includes an ultrasonic vibration device, a heating furnace and a sealed cabin, the ultrasonic vibration device is composed of an ultrasonic power supply 3, a transducer 4, an amplitude transformer 5 and a vibration head 6, the heating furnace is composed of a working chamber 8, a heating pipe 11 and a heat preservation shell 12, the heating pipe 11 is arranged between the working chamber 8 and the heat preservation shell 12, the tops of the working chamber 8 and the heat preservation shell 12 are provided with through holes matched with the amplitude transformer 5, the vibration head 6 is fixed at the tail end of the amplitude transformer 5 through internal threads and inserted into the working chamber 8, the working chamber 8 is filled with an infiltration agent 10 and a workpiece 9, the ultrasonic vibration device is installed in the sealed cabin 2 through a support 1, and the sealed cabin 2 is provided with an air valve 7.
The ultrasonic vibration device had a vibration frequency of 20kHz and an amplitude of 20 μm.
A metal infiltration method of ultrasonic auxiliary powder comprises the steps of uniformly mixing an infiltration agent 10 and a workpiece 9, then loading the mixture into a working cavity 8, inserting a vibrating head 6 into the working cavity 8 after an ultrasonic vibration device is assembled, pumping out air in a sealed cabin 2 through an air valve 7 to keep the sealed cabin 2 in a vacuum state, starting a heating pipe 11 to raise the temperature of the working cavity 8 to 400 ℃, simultaneously starting the ultrasonic vibration device, and closing the heating pipe and a power supply of the ultrasonic vibration device after keeping the constant temperature for 4 hours.
The penetrating agent 10 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50% zinc powder (particle size 100 mesh), 49% alumina (particle size 100 mesh), 1% ammonium chloride.
The ultrasonic vibration device had a vibration frequency of 30kHz and an amplitude of 10 μm.
A metal infiltration method of ultrasonic auxiliary powder comprises the steps of uniformly mixing an infiltration agent 10 and a workpiece 9, then loading the mixture into a working cavity 8, inserting a vibrating head 6 into the working cavity 8 after an ultrasonic vibration device is assembled, pumping out air in a sealed cabin 2 through an air valve 7 to keep the sealed cabin 2 in a vacuum state, starting a heating pipe 11 to raise the temperature of the working cavity 8 to 600 ℃, simultaneously starting the ultrasonic vibration device, and closing the heating pipe and a power supply of the ultrasonic vibration device after keeping the constant temperature for 1 hour.
The penetrating agent 10 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 70% of aluminum powder (the granularity is 300 meshes), 20% of silicon oxide (the granularity is 300 meshes) and 10% of ammonium chloride.
The ultrasonic vibration device had a vibration frequency of 25kHz and an amplitude of 15 μm.
A metal infiltration method of ultrasonic auxiliary powder comprises the steps of uniformly mixing an infiltration agent 10 and a workpiece 9, then loading the mixture into a working cavity 8, inserting a vibrating head 6 into the working cavity 8 after an ultrasonic vibration device is assembled, pumping out air in a sealed cabin 2 through an air valve 7 to keep the sealed cabin 2 in a vacuum state, starting a heating pipe 11 to raise the temperature of the working cavity 8 to 560 ℃, simultaneously starting the ultrasonic vibration device, and closing the heating pipe and a power supply of the ultrasonic vibration device after keeping the constant temperature for 2 hours.
The penetrating agent 10 comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 60% of iron-aluminum alloy powder (200 mesh in size), 35% of silicon oxide (200 mesh in size) and 5% of potassium fluoroborate.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an supplementary powder of supersound oozes metal device, includes ultrasonic vibration device, heating furnace and sealed storehouse, its characterized in that: the ultrasonic vibration device comprises an ultrasonic power supply (3), a transducer (4), an amplitude transformer (5) and a vibration head (6), the heating furnace comprises a working chamber (8), a heating pipe (11) and a heat preservation shell (12), the heating pipe (11) is arranged between the working chamber (8) and the heat preservation shell (12), the top of the working chamber (8) and the top of the heat preservation shell (12) are provided with through holes matched with the amplitude transformer (5), the vibration head (6) is fixed at the tail end of the amplitude transformer (5) through internal threads and inserted into the working chamber (8), the working chamber (8) is filled with a penetrating agent (10) and a workpiece (9), the ultrasonic vibration device is installed in the sealed cabin (2) through a support (1), and the sealed cabin (2) is provided with an air valve (7).
2. The ultrasonically assisted powder metallizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration device is 20-30kHz, and the amplitude is 10-20 microns.
3. An ultrasonic-assisted powder metal infiltration method is characterized in that an infiltration agent (10) and a workpiece (9) are mixed uniformly and then are loaded into a working cavity (8), a vibration head (6) is inserted into the working cavity (8) after an ultrasonic vibration device is assembled, air in a sealed cabin (2) is pumped out through an air valve (7), the sealed cabin (2) is kept in a vacuum state, a heating pipe (11) is started to enable the temperature of the working cavity (8) to rise to 400 ℃ and 600 ℃, the ultrasonic vibration device is started at the same time, and the heating pipe and the power supply of the ultrasonic vibration device are closed after the constant temperature is kept for 1-4 hours.
4. An ultrasonically assisted powder metallizing method according to claim 3 wherein: the penetrating agent (10) consists of pure metal powder or alloy powder, a filling agent and a catalyst, and the penetrating agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 50-70% of pure metal powder or alloy powder, 20-49% of filler and 1-10% of catalyst.
5. An ultrasonically assisted powder metallizing method according to claim 3 wherein: the metal powder is zinc powder, or aluminum powder, or copper powder, or manganese powder, the alloy powder is zinc-aluminum, or iron-zinc, or iron-aluminum, or aluminum-rare earth alloy, the filler is alumina or silica, the catalyst is chloride or fluoride, and the powder particle size is 100-mesh and 300-mesh.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111384636.7A CN114107887A (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Ultrasonic-assisted powder metal infiltration device and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111384636.7A CN114107887A (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Ultrasonic-assisted powder metal infiltration device and method |
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| CN114107887A true CN114107887A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115404436A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-11-29 | 江苏大学 | Surface strengthening device and method based on ultrasonic acceleration |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103205745A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-17 | 山东理工大学 | Wet-process ultrasonic mechanical plating device |
| WO2021227872A1 (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-11-18 | 苏州大学 | Powder slurry ultrasonic field-assisted imprinting forming microstructure device |
-
2021
- 2021-11-22 CN CN202111384636.7A patent/CN114107887A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103205745A (en) * | 2013-04-15 | 2013-07-17 | 山东理工大学 | Wet-process ultrasonic mechanical plating device |
| WO2021227872A1 (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2021-11-18 | 苏州大学 | Powder slurry ultrasonic field-assisted imprinting forming microstructure device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张跃等: "机械能辅助渗铝层显微形貌及性能的研究", 《铸造技术》, vol. 35, no. 6, pages 1167 - 1170 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115404436A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-11-29 | 江苏大学 | Surface strengthening device and method based on ultrasonic acceleration |
| CN115404436B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2024-04-09 | 江苏大学 | Ultrasonic acceleration-based surface strengthening device and method |
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