CN114107779A - Manufacturing method of ultrathin hot-rolled wide strip steel - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of ultrathin hot-rolled wide strip steel Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
- B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of ultrathin hot-rolled wide strip steel, which utilizes fine iron powder, coal powder and lime powder to finish the preparation of granular iron in a rotary hearth furnace, and uses the generated granular iron and waste steel as raw materials to be smelted in an electric furnace, improves the preheating temperature of the waste steel during smelting, and effectively improves the heat efficiency of the electric furnace by utilizing the high-temperature characteristic of the granular iron; and then preparing the steel plate by VD vacuum degassing, LF refining, twin-roll thin strip continuous casting and hot continuous rolling. The invention has the advantages of more compact whole process flow, more environmental protection, more high efficiency, high heat utilization rate and higher metal yield, reduces the processing cost of thin strip steel, can obtain the thickness of the steel plate after cold rolling, truly realizes the replacement of cold by heat and greatly improves the product competitiveness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of continuous production of metal strips, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of ultrathin hot-rolled wide strip steel.
Background
Modern iron and steel production enterprises actively carry out technical innovation on the existing production process flow in order to save investment cost and production cost, and therefore metallurgical equipment suppliers and iron and steel manufacturers at home and abroad develop new technical ideas and put the new technical ideas into practical development. Aiming at the problems of long process flow, multiple equipment and complexity of the existing hot strip steel production process, the industrialization technology of a double-roller thin strip continuous casting and rolling technology proposed by Henry Bessem is gradually developed, a stainless steel double-roller thin strip continuous casting and rolling technology DSC is developed by Nippon iron, a carbon steel double-roller thin strip continuous casting and rolling technology Castrip is developed by Niheco corporation in America, IHI in Japan and BHP in Australia, a stainless steel double-roller thin strip continuous casting and rolling technology PoStrip is developed by Korea, a stainless steel double-roller thin strip continuous casting and rolling technology Eurostrip is jointly developed by Europe, and a carbon steel double-roller thin strip continuous casting and rolling technology Baostip is developed by Chinese Bao.
In order to fully exert the technical advantages of the thin strip continuous casting and rolling process, a plurality of manufacturers tightly combine the thin strip continuous casting and rolling technology with the traditional process so as to meet the requirements of the thin strip continuous casting and rolling process.
In the process of producing steel by continuous casting and rolling, molten steel is supplied to a thin strip through an electric furnace or a converter. The converter steelmaking is adopted to provide molten steel, so that furniture of a production plant needs to be provided with conditions for providing molten iron, and generally, blast furnace ironmaking equipment or non-blast furnace ironmaking equipment is needed, and the converter steelmaking method belongs to the current long-flow steel production mode.
The method is characterized in that molten steel is provided by adopting electric furnace steelmaking, scrap steel is used as a main raw material, the solidification cooling speed of the conventional process such as die casting or thick plate continuous casting is only 1-10 ℃/s, grain boundary segregation can occur in the solidification process of residual elements in the scrap steel, the performance and the quality of steel are deteriorated, and cracking and breaking phenomena directly occur in severe cases. Because the components of steel need to be controlled, certain quality requirements are required for the adopted steel scrap raw materials, and the steel scrap needs to be pre-screened and classified under general conditions. Meanwhile, a steel mill with a blast furnace and an electric furnace utilizes self-produced molten iron to be added into the electric furnace as a raw material of the electric furnace to improve the production efficiency of the electric furnace, so that the tapping time of the electric furnace is greatly shortened, and the molten iron blending ratio in the electric furnace can reach 30-50%.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manufacturing method of ultrathin hot-rolled wide strip steel, which greatly simplifies the process flow, the thickness of the obtained thin steel plate can reach the thickness of the cold-rolled steel plate, the' hot cooling is really realized, the product competitiveness is greatly improved, the whole process is more environment-friendly and efficient, the heat utilization rate is high, the metal yield is high, the cost of the thin strip steel is directly reduced, and the one-time investment cost can be obviously reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for manufacturing ultra-thin hot-rolled wide strip steel, comprising the steps of:
1) granular iron preparation
Uniformly mixing fine iron powder, coal powder and lime powder, pressing into pellets or blocks and drying; placing the pellets or the blocks into a rotary hearth furnace, heating the rotary hearth furnace to reduce, carburize and melt the pellets or the blocks in the rotary hearth furnace, then quickly cooling the pellets or the blocks to 750-850 ℃ by water, and separating and discharging the granular iron and the slag; the weight ratio of the fine iron powder to the pulverized coal to the lime powder is 70-80: 15-25: 3-7, wherein the heating temperature of the rotary hearth furnace is 1350-1450 ℃;
2) smelting
Conveying the prepared granular iron into an electric furnace, mixing the granular iron with scrap steel preheated by an electric furnace preheating device, and melting and smelting the mixture to obtain molten steel; the weight ratio of the granular iron to the scrap steel is 1: 2-9, and the preheating temperature of the scrap steel is 400-900 ℃;
3) refining
Sequentially carrying out VD vacuum degassing and LF refining on molten steel flowing out of an electric furnace;
4) continuous casting
The continuous casting adopts double-roller thin strip continuous casting to obtain a casting strip with the thickness of 1.5-2.5 mm and the width of 1000-1600 mm; the molten steel pouring temperature is T + (30-80) DEG C, wherein T is the liquidus temperature, the casting strip temperature is 1300-1450 ℃, water is introduced into the interior of the crystallization roller for cooling, and the casting speed of the casting machine is 60-150 m/min;
5) hot continuous rolling
Conveying the cast strip to a double-stand rolling unit through a pinch roll for hot continuous rolling, wherein the reduction rate of a single stand is less than or equal to 50%; the thickness of the hot continuous rolled steel plate is 0.4-2.0 mm;
6) coiling
Atomizing and cooling the hot rolled steel plate, and sending the cooled steel plate to a coiling machine for coiling after head cutting or slitting treatment; the coiling temperature is 400-750 ℃.
Further, the coiled steel coil is subjected to code spraying and bundling, and then is subjected to air cooling or slow cooling.
Further, trimming and flattening the steel coil after air cooling or slow cooling to obtain a black skin coil; or pickling and galvanizing to prepare a hot-rolled hot-galvanized coil; or pickling and flattening to obtain a hot-rolled pickled coil; or trimming, flattening and jet descaling to obtain the thin hot rolled coil.
Preferably, the iron fine powder is one or more of magnetite powder, hematite powder, limonite powder or siderite powder.
Preferably, the coal powder is one or more of non-coking coal powder, common coal powder and petroleum coke.
Preferably, the scrap steel is one or more of light thin material, general waste and heavy waste.
Preferably, in the step 2), the conveying mode of conveying the granular iron and the scrap steel into the electric furnace is continuous conveying or intermittent conveying.
Preferably, the thickness of the hot continuous rolled steel plate in the step 5) is 0.4-0.6 mm.
Preferably, the coiling in step 6) is carrousel coiling.
In the process design of the invention, a rotary hearth furnace and an electric furnace are adopted to finish molten steel smelting, the component adjustment and inclusion control of the molten steel are finished through a Vacuum Degassing (VD) furnace and a refining furnace (LF), and then the production of the ultrathin hot rolled strip steel coil with qualified quality and excellent performance is finished through a double-roller thin-strip continuous casting and double-stand rolling unit, so that the short-flow metallurgy production process arrangement with greenness, full continuity, intellectualization, simplification and cooling by heat is realized.
The invention designs an extremely simplified intensive metallurgy production process by organically combining processes of preparing granular iron by a rotary hearth furnace, smelting molten steel by an electric furnace, twin-roll thin-strip continuous casting and twin-frame hot rolling, which can not only reduce the one-time investment cost, but also obviously reduce the carbon emission, the energy consumption and the metal consumption, simultaneously reduce the processing cost of thin strip steel products, directly obtain products with cold rolling thickness specification, really realize 'replacing cold with heat', and greatly improve the competitiveness of the products.
A process for producing granular iron by a rotary hearth furnace is an environment-friendly short-flow granular iron production process, and can continuously and economically produce granular iron, iron fine powder (including oxidized dust recovered by an iron and steel plant), coal powder and lime powder are mixed according to a certain proportion, pellets or blocks are obtained by a pelletizing or briquetting machine, the pellets or blocks are used as raw materials for producing the granular iron by the rotary hearth furnace after being dried, the dried pellets or blocks are placed into the rotary hearth furnace, a material layer cannot be too thick (1-3 layers are proper), the raw materials rotate at a constant speed along with a furnace bed for one circle (the pellets or blocks sequentially pass through a charging area, a smoke exhaust area, a preheating area, a medium-temperature reducing area, a high-temperature reducing area and a discharging area), heating the pellets or the briquettes and the hearth to 1350-1450 ℃ in a static state, carrying out reduction, carburization and melting reactions, melting slag iron, respectively gathering, and finishing reduction and melting in the whole process for about 10min (coal powder is in close contact with iron oxide, and the reduction speed is high); and (3) rapidly cooling the condensed slag iron after fully reducing and melting to 750-850 ℃, and then finishing the respective discharge of the granular iron and the slag by using a discharge device.
The conventional method of using a rotary hearth furnace is to cool the produced granular iron to room temperature, and then pack it for sale, or to transfer it to a steelmaking process as a steelmaking material. According to the invention, the high-temperature granular iron with the temperature of 750-850 ℃ produced by the rotary hearth furnace is directly conveyed into the electric furnace through the conveyer belt, so that the waste heat of the high-temperature granular iron is greatly utilized, the preheating effect on the mixed waste steel is achieved, the heat efficiency of the electric furnace is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
The iron fine powder can be one or more of magnetite powder, hematite powder, limonite powder or siderite powder, the raw material source is wide, and the grade of the raw material is not strictly required; the coal powder is one or more of non-coking coal powder, common coal and petroleum coke; the waste flue gas generated by the rotary hearth furnace is dedusted and discharged through the heat exchanger, the energy-saving and environment-friendly requirements are met, and the annual output of the iron granules of one rotary hearth furnace is 5-20 ten thousand tons.
And conveying the granular iron produced by the rotary hearth furnace into an electric furnace to be mixed with scrap steel to finish molten steel smelting. The scrap steel is continuously conveyed or intermittently conveyed to a preheating device, the electric furnace is provided with the preheating device, and the preheated scrap steel is mixed with the granular iron and then smelted in the electric furnace, so that the heat loss can be reduced. The preheating temperature of the scrap steel is increased to 400-900 ℃, and meanwhile, the temperature of the produced granular iron is utilized, so that the power consumption of the electric furnace is greatly reduced, and the heat efficiency of the electric furnace is effectively improved.
Due to the characteristic of sub-rapid solidification of the thin strip continuous casting, the requirement on the quality of the scrap steel can be greatly reduced, the amount of the scrap steel added into the electric furnace can be increased, and the weight ratio range of the granular iron to the scrap steel can be expanded to 1: 2-9.
The obtained molten steel is conveyed to a refining station for processing, and decarburization, desulfurization and dehydrogenation are carried out in a VD vacuum degassing device, and then component adjustment and temperature rise are carried out in an LF refining furnace. The molten steel before the conventional continuous casting process is generally refined by an LF refining furnace and then enters a VD furnace for treatment; however, the refined molten steel needs to be cast by a thin-strip continuous casting process, and due to the process characteristics, the refined molten steel needs to be treated by VD and then enters an LF refining furnace.
The refined molten steel is subjected to twin-roll thin strip continuous casting, the twin-roll thin strip continuous casting technology is a typical sub-rapid solidification process, and the solidification cooling speed is as high as 102～104The scrap steel does not need any pre-screening, and can be one or more of light thin materials, uniform wastes and heavy wastes, and some harmful residual elements in the scrap steel, such as Cu, Sn, P and the like, can be dissolved in a steel matrix to the maximum extent without generating grain boundary segregation, thereby playing a role in solid solution strengthening; the harmful residual elements are turned into 'harmful to benefit',the waste utilization effect greatly reduces the cost of raw materials.
The thickness of the cast strip after the cast strip comes out is thin, the thinnest can reach 1.5mm, the temperature of the cast strip is also high, generally at 1300-1450 ℃, in order to reduce the influence of factors such as high-temperature oxidation on the cast strip, a protective cover is usually additionally arranged at the strip outlet of the crystallization roller, and a certain amount of inert gas (such as N) is introduced into the protective cover2Or Ar) to form a slight positive pressure within the protective cover to satisfy the gas shielding effect. The obtained casting belt can be medium-low carbon steel, low-carbon microalloyed steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, electrical steel and other steel types.
Thin cast strips are obtained by thin strip continuous casting and are combined with hot continuous rolling of a double-stand rolling mill set, the reduction rate of a single stand can reach 50%, the total reduction rate can reach 100%, the thickness of the hot-rolled strips can reach 0.4-0.6mm, and world initiatives are realized.
The invention adopts a double-frame four-roller hot continuous rolling unit which has the functions of controlling plate-type bending rollers and tandem rollers or the functions of bending rollers and cross rollers and has the functions of strip steel pressing, strip steel guiding and deviation rectifying; the adopted four-high mill has the function of online roll change; the reduction rate of a single hot rolling mill ranges from 0 to 50%, the thickness of a rolled product reaches 0.4 to 2.0mm, and the thinnest thickness of the hot rolled product reaches 0.4 to 0.6 mm. The two rolling mills are usually operated simultaneously, and the other rolling mill can be used alternately under special conditions, such as the surface roughness of the working roll of one rolling mill is increased rapidly to deteriorate the surface quality of the strip steel.
The rolling reduction rate of 0% of one rolling mill indicates that the roll gap of the rolling mill is opened and not rolled, and one condition can be adopted when thicker (the thickness is 1.2-2.0 mm) strip steel is produced, namely one rolling mill runs through and does not roll, and the other rolling mill is put into rolling; in another case, the working rolls of one rolling mill reach the service life and are replaced online, and the other rolling mill is continuously put into rolling. Therefore, continuous and stable rolling can be realized by adopting a double-frame hot continuous rolling mode, and the problem of full-line shutdown caused by surface abrasion of the working roll can be solved by the online roll changing function.
The roll change process is described in detail as follows: when the tonnage of the rolled strip of the No.1 hot rolling mill reaches 400-800t, the surface roughness of the working roll of the rolling mill can be increased rapidly to cause the surface quality of the strip to be deteriorated, before the occurrence of the event, the operation can be cooperated with the No.2 hot rolling mill, namely, the No.1 hot rolling mill is opened slowly, the No.2 hot rolling mill is pressed down slowly, after the No.1 hot rolling mill is opened completely, the No.2 hot rolling mill is pressed down to be in place, then the No.1 hot rolling mill carries out online roll changing (working roll) operation, and after the roll changing is finished, the operation is reset to stand by, and when the No.2 hot rolling mill needs to be changed, the operation is repeated.
The strip after hot continuous rolling is continuously produced by adopting a carrousel double-drum coiler, and the coiling temperature difference of each steel coil can be controlled within 10 ℃.
And spraying code and bundling the coiled 10-30 tons of steel coils, and then performing air cooling or slow cooling. The steel coil meeting the process requirements and having mechanical property indexes can be subjected to edge cutting and flattening to prepare a black skin coil; or pickling and galvanizing to prepare a hot-rolled hot-galvanized coil; or pickling and flattening to obtain a hot-rolled pickled coil; or trimming, flattening and jet descaling to obtain the thin hot rolled coil.
The invention is distinguished and improved from the prior art:
chinese patent CN201710763021.2 discloses a short-flow production process of thin strip steel based on direct reduced iron, which comprises the following process steps: 1) direct reduction ironmaking; 2) electric furnace or converter steelmaking; 3) LF refining; 4) RH vacuum treatment; 5) and casting and rolling the thin strip. The direct reduction iron-making is obtained by adopting a shaft furnace smelting technology, the production of the direct reduction iron takes a shaft furnace process as a main sponge iron production scheme, the reduction temperature is about 1000 ℃, the reduced iron is added into a steel-making furnace (an electric furnace or a converter), and the addition of the original iron is 55-90% of the total weight of the raw materials. The process for preparing the granular iron is completely different from the process for preparing the granular iron by the rotary hearth furnace, and the invention emphasizes the complete production flow of controllably producing the ultrathin hot rolled strip steel from the raw materials to the strip continuous casting full flow and taking low-carbon steel as a main hot rolled product.
US9725780B2 discloses a "process route and production line arrangement mode using connection of an induction electric furnace with a rod, a wire rod continuous casting machine and a rod and wire rod hot rolling machine", the invention obtains molten steel by melting scrap steel by the induction electric furnace, and pre-screening the scrap steel is required, so that the production efficiency is low. The molten steel sources are different, the subsequent refining process and the rolling process are different from the method, and the final products are different.
Chinese patent CN201210317195.3 discloses a method for producing steel strips by low-temperature online static recrystallization, which adopts double-frame low-temperature austenite online static recrystallization rolling, wherein the rolling temperature is 900-. The invention is different from the invention, and emphasizes how to obtain the molten steel, namely elaborating the details that the granulated iron is prepared by adopting a rotary hearth furnace and then mixed with the scrap steel to be smelted in an electric furnace to obtain the molten steel, but the invention does not relate to the invention; the total rolling reduction of the invention can reach 100 percent, the thinnest thickness of the product can reach 0.4mm, and the maximum total rolling reduction of the invention is only 70 percent.
Chinese patent CN200910053806.6 discloses2-xThe invention relates to S dispersed precipitated phase high-strength atmospheric corrosion resistant steel and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the S dispersed precipitated phase high-strength atmospheric corrosion resistant steel is manufactured by adopting converter top and bottom composite blowing to obtain molten steel, obtaining cast strips through strip continuous casting, and rolling the strip steel by adopting a double-stand rolling mill to obtain 0.6-2.0mm strip steel, wherein the reduction ratio of a first stand is not less than 30%, and the reduction ratio of a second stand is 0-30%. The invention is different from the invention, and the invention elaborates that the granular iron is prepared by adopting a rotary hearth furnace, then the granular iron is mixed with scrap steel to be smelted in an electric furnace to obtain molten steel, a thinner cast strip is obtained by strip continuous casting, the maximum rolling reduction of each rolling mill of a double-stand rolling mill can reach 50%, and the thinnest of the produced strip steel can reach 0.4 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention designs a very simplified intensive metallurgy production process by organically combining processes of preparing granular iron by a rotary hearth furnace, smelting molten steel by an electric furnace, twin-roll thin-strip continuous casting and twin-frame hot rolling, which not only can obviously reduce one-time investment cost, but also greatly simplifies process flow, obviously reduces carbon emission, energy consumption, metal consumption and electrode consumption, directly reduces the processing cost of thin strip steel products, can directly obtain products with cold rolling thickness specification, really realizes 'hot cooling instead of cold', and greatly improves the competitiveness of the products.
2. The invention combines the electric furnace smelting molten steel and the double-roller thin strip process, the weight ratio of the granular iron to the scrap steel can reach 1: 2-9, a large proportion of thin scrap steel can be adopted, the smelted molten steel is cast by adopting a double-roller thin strip continuous casting technology, the double-roller thin strip continuous casting technology is a typical sub-rapid solidification process, and the solidification cooling speed is up to 102～104Some harmful residual elements in the scrap steel, such as Cu, Sn, P and the like, can be dissolved into the matrix of the steel to the maximum extent without generating grain boundary segregation, thereby playing the role of solid solution strengthening; the harmful residual elements are turned into good and the waste is utilized, so that the raw material cost is greatly reduced.
3. The invention adopts the double-stand hot continuous rolling technology, the reduction rate of a single stand can reach 50 percent, the total reduction rate can reach 100 percent, the thickness of the produced metal plate strip can reach the range of 0.4-0.6mm at the thinnest, and the thickness of the steel plate obtained by hot rolling in the prior art is not reported to reach 0.4 mm; the thickness of the hot continuous rolled steel plate is 0.4-2.0 mm, and most products with the thickness specification of 0.4-1.2 mm can be completely prepared by replacing cold rolling, so that the 'hot replacement for cold' is really realized.
4. The invention directly mixes the granular iron and the scrap steel as smelting raw materials, efficiently utilizes the temperature of the granular iron produced by the rotary hearth furnace, improves the preheating temperature of the scrap steel, greatly reduces the power consumption of the electric furnace, effectively improves the heat efficiency of the electric furnace, saves energy and protects the environment.
5. The liquid metal is directly cast into a thin-specification (the thickness is less than 2.5mm) cast strip by adopting a double-roller thin strip technology, the traditional hot rolled plate of a thick plate blank (the thickness is more than 150mm) after rough rolling and multi-pass hot rolling is replaced, and a very compact short-flow process is realized so as to meet the excellent low-carbon emission requirement and the shorter factory building requirement.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic process diagram of ultra-thin hot rolled wide strip steel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications or improvements based on the basic idea of the invention, but within the scope of the present invention, without departing from the basic idea of the invention.
Example 1
Uniformly mixing fine iron powder, coal powder and lime powder in proportion, pressing into pellets or blocks and drying; placing the mixture into a rotary hearth furnace 1, heating the rotary hearth furnace 1 to reduce, carburize and melt the pellets or lumps in the rotary hearth furnace 1, rapidly cooling the pellets or lumps, separating granular iron from slag, and discharging the separated granular iron and slag; the heating temperature was 1380 ℃.
And the granular iron discharged from the rotary hearth furnace 1 is conveyed to an electric furnace 2, scrap steel preheated by a preheating device is mixed and melted in the electric furnace 2 for about 40min, then steel is discharged, molten steel is poured into a ladle of 60 tons, the ladle is conveyed to a refining station through a trolley ladle for treatment, the molten steel is subjected to decarburization, desulfurization and dehydrogenation in a VD (vacuum degassing) furnace 3, and then enters an LF (ladle furnace) refining furnace 4 for component adjustment and temperature rise.
The refined molten steel is conveyed to a ladle turret 5 of a twin-roll thin strip continuous casting unit, the casting temperature of the molten steel is controlled to be 40 ℃ above the liquidus line, after the ladle 6 is cast, the molten steel enters a tundish 7, the molten steel is sent into a molten pool formed by two crystallizing rolls 8 through the tundish 7, and the molten steel entering the molten pool is distributed and distributed. The molten steel is solidified on two crystallizing rollers 8 of the twin-roller thin strip continuous casting unit, and a casting strip 9 with qualified thickness specification of 2.0mm is cast. At this time, the temperature of the cast strand 9 is 1340 ℃, and in order to reduce the influence of high-temperature oxidation and other factors on the cast strand 9, a protective cover is usually added at the outlet of the crystallization roll 8, and a certain amount of inert gas (such as N) is introduced into the protective cover2) And micro positive pressure is formed in the protective cover to meet the gas protection effect.
The cast strip 9 protected by the atmosphere smoothly enters a double-frame pinch roll 10 through a guide device and then enters a double-frame four-roll hot continuous rolling unit 11, wherein the reduction ratio of a No.1 hot rolling mill is 40 percent, and the reduction ratio of a No.2 hot rolling mill is 50 percent, so that the strip shape of the strip steel is improved, and the internal structure and the mechanical property are improved.
The rolled strip steel (thickness 0.6mm) is cooled to 660 ℃ by an atomization cooling system 12 and then coiled, and the coiling temperature of the width direction and the length direction of the plate surface is ensured to be uniform. The cooled strip steel is cut into a first coil or a second coil by a flying shear 13, and then coiled by a carrousel coiling machine 14, and the coiled 25 ton steel coil is sent to an intermediate steel coil warehouse for air cooling by a conveying mechanism 16 after code spraying and bundling 15. The hot-rolled strip steel meeting the material and mechanical property indexes of the process requirement sequentially enters an acid-plating integrated unit to produce a hot-rolled hot-galvanized coil.
Example 2
Uniformly mixing fine iron powder, coal powder and lime powder in proportion, pressing into pellets or blocks and drying; placing the mixture into a rotary hearth furnace 1, heating the rotary hearth furnace 1 to reduce, carburize and melt the pellets or lumps in the rotary hearth furnace 1, rapidly cooling the pellets or lumps, separating granular iron from slag, and discharging the separated granular iron and slag; the heating temperature was 1400 ℃.
And conveying the granular iron discharged from the rotary hearth furnace 1 to an electric furnace 2, mixing the granular iron with scrap steel preheated by a preheating device, smelting in the electric furnace 2 for about 50min, then tapping, pouring molten steel into a ladle of 80 tons, conveying the ladle to a refining station through a trolley ladle for treatment, decarbonizing, desulfurizing and dehydrogenating the molten steel in a VD (vacuum degassing) furnace 3, and then entering an LF (ladle furnace) refining furnace 4 for component adjustment and temperature rise.
The refined molten steel is conveyed to a ladle turret 5 of a double-roller thin strip continuous casting unit, the casting temperature of the molten steel is controlled to be 30 ℃ above the liquidus line, after the ladle 6 is cast, the molten steel enters a tundish 7, the molten steel is sent into a molten pool formed by two crystallizing rollers 8 through the tundish 7, and the molten steel entering the molten pool is distributed and distributed. The molten steel is solidified on two crystallizing rollers 8 of the twin-roller thin strip continuous casting unit, and a casting strip 9 with qualified thickness specification of 1.5mm is cast. At this time, the temperature of the casting belt 9 is 1360 ℃, in order to reduce the influence of high-temperature oxidation and other factors on the casting belt 9, a protective cover is usually added at the outlet of the crystal 8, and a certain amount of inert gas (such as Ar) is introduced into the protective cover to form a slight positive pressure inside the protective cover to satisfy the gas protection effect.
The cast strip 9 protected by the atmosphere smoothly enters a double-frame pinch roll 10 through a guide device and then enters a double-frame four-roll hot continuous rolling unit 11, wherein the reduction ratio of a No.1 hot rolling mill is 47 percent, and the reduction ratio of a No.2 hot rolling mill is 50 percent, so that the strip shape of the strip steel is improved, and the internal structure and the mechanical property are improved.
The rolled strip steel (thickness 0.4mm) is cooled to 700 ℃ by an atomization cooling system 12 and then coiled, and the coiling temperature of the width direction and the length direction of the plate surface is ensured to be uniform. The cooled strip steel is cut into a first coil or a second coil by a flying shear 13, and then coiled by a carrousel coiling machine 14, and the coiled 25 ton steel coil is sent to an intermediate steel coil warehouse for air cooling by a conveying mechanism 16 after code spraying and bundling 15. The hot-rolled strip steel meeting the material and mechanical property indexes of the process requirements sequentially enters the trimming, flattening and jet flow descaling units according to the quality requirements of the cold-rolled strip steel at the rear part, and a thin hot-rolled coil is produced and can be replaced by hot cold.
Example 3
Uniformly mixing fine iron powder, coal powder and lime powder in proportion, pressing into pellets or blocks and drying; placing the mixture into a rotary hearth furnace 1, heating the rotary hearth furnace 1 to reduce, carburize and melt the pellets or lumps in the rotary hearth furnace 1, rapidly cooling the pellets or lumps, separating granular iron from slag, and discharging the separated granular iron and slag; the heating temperature was 1420 ℃.
And the granular iron discharged from the rotary hearth furnace 1 is conveyed to an electric furnace 2, is mixed with the scrap steel preheated by a preheating device, is melted and smelted in the electric furnace for about 60min, then is discharged, molten steel is poured into a ladle of 100 tons, is conveyed to a refining station through a trolley ladle for treatment, and is subjected to decarburization, desulfurization and dehydrogenation in a VD (vacuum degassing) furnace 3, and then enters an LF (ladle furnace) refining furnace 4 for component adjustment and temperature rise.
The refined molten steel is conveyed to a ladle turret 5 of a twin-roll thin strip continuous casting unit, the casting temperature of the molten steel is controlled to be 40 ℃ above the liquidus line, after the ladle 6 is cast, the molten steel enters a tundish 7, the molten steel is sent into a molten pool formed by two crystallizing rolls 8 through the tundish 7, and the molten steel entering the molten pool is distributed and distributed. The molten steel is solidified on two crystallizing rollers 8 of the twin-roller thin strip continuous casting unit, and a casting strip 9 with qualified thickness specification of 1.6mm is cast. At this time, the temperature of the casting belt 9 is 1380 ℃, and in order to reduce the influence of high-temperature oxidation and other factors on the casting belt 9, a protective cover is usually added at the belt outlet of the crystallization roller 8, and a certain amount of inert gas (such as Ar) is introduced into the protective cover to form a slight positive pressure inside the protective cover so as to satisfy the gas protection effect.
The cast strip 9 protected by the atmosphere smoothly enters a double-stand pinch roll 10 through a guiding device without a strip leading head and then enters a double-stand four-roll hot continuous rolling unit 11, wherein the reduction ratio of a No.1 hot rolling mill is 50 percent, and the reduction ratio of a No.2 hot rolling mill is 0 percent, so that the strip shape of the strip steel is improved, and the internal organization structure and the mechanical property are improved at the same time. When the tonnage of the rolled strip steel of the No.1 hot rolling mill reaches 400-800t, the surface roughness of the working roll of the rolling mill can be increased rapidly to cause the surface quality deterioration of the strip steel, before the surface quality deterioration, the surface quality deterioration can be cooperated with the No.2 hot rolling mill, namely the No.1 hot rolling mill is opened slowly, the No.2 hot rolling mill is pressed down slowly, after the No.1 hot rolling mill is opened completely, the No.2 hot rolling mill is pressed down to the right position, the pressing rate reaches 50%, then the No.1 hot rolling mill carries out online roll changing (working roll) operation, and the standby state is reset after the roll changing is finished, and the operation is repeated when the No.2 hot rolling mill needs to change the roll.
The rolled strip steel (thickness 0.8mm) is cooled to 600 ℃ by an atomization cooling system 12 and then coiled, and the coiling temperature of the width direction and the length direction of the plate surface is ensured to be uniform. The cooled strip steel is cut into a first coil or a second coil by a flying shear 13, and then coiled by a carrousel coiling machine 14, and the coiled 25 ton steel coil is sent to an intermediate steel coil warehouse for air cooling by a conveying mechanism 16 after code spraying and bundling 15. The hot-rolled strip steel meeting the material and mechanical property indexes of the process requirements sequentially enters the trimming and flattening unit according to the quality requirement of the cold-rolled strip steel at the rear part, and then black skin coils are discharged.
Specific process parameters of the embodiment of the invention are shown in table 1.
Claims (9)
1. A manufacturing method of ultrathin hot-rolled wide strip steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) granular iron preparation
Uniformly mixing fine iron powder, coal powder and lime powder, pressing into pellets or blocks and drying; placing the pellets or the blocks into a rotary hearth furnace, heating the rotary hearth furnace to reduce, carburize and melt the pellets or the blocks in the rotary hearth furnace, then quickly cooling the pellets or the blocks to 750-850 ℃ by water, and separating and discharging the granular iron and the slag; the weight ratio of the fine iron powder to the pulverized coal to the lime powder is 70-80: 15-25: 3-7; the heating temperature of the rotary hearth furnace is 1350-1450 ℃;
2) smelting
Conveying the prepared granular iron into an electric furnace, mixing the granular iron with scrap steel preheated by an electric furnace preheating device, and melting and smelting the mixture to obtain molten steel; the weight ratio of the granular iron to the scrap steel is 1: 2-9, and the preheating temperature of the scrap steel is 400-900 ℃;
3) refining
Sequentially carrying out VD vacuum degassing and LF refining on molten steel flowing out of an electric furnace;
4) continuous casting
The continuous casting adopts double-roller thin strip continuous casting to obtain a casting strip with the thickness of 1.5-2.5 mm and the width of 1000-1600 mm; the molten steel pouring temperature is T + (30-80) DEG C, wherein T is the liquidus temperature, the casting strip temperature is 1300-1450 ℃, water is introduced into the interior of the crystallization roller for cooling, and the casting speed of the casting machine is 60-150 m/min;
5) hot continuous rolling
Conveying the cast strip to a double-stand rolling unit through a pinch roll for hot continuous rolling, wherein the reduction rate of a single stand is less than or equal to 50%; the thickness of the hot continuous rolled steel plate is 0.4-2.0 mm;
6) coiling
Atomizing and cooling the hot rolled steel plate, and sending the cooled steel plate to a coiling machine for coiling after head cutting or slitting treatment; the coiling temperature is 400-750 ℃.
2. The method of manufacturing ultra-thin hot-rolled wide strip steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coil obtained after the coiling is air-cooled or slowly cooled after the code spraying and bundling.
3. The method of manufacturing ultra thin hot rolled wide strip of steel as claimed in claim 2 wherein the air or slow cooled coil is trimmed and flattened to produce a black skin coil; or pickling and galvanizing to prepare a hot-rolled hot-galvanized coil; or pickling and flattening to obtain a hot-rolled pickled coil; or trimming, flattening and jet descaling to obtain the thin hot rolled coil.
4. A method of manufacturing ultra thin hot rolled wide strip steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fine iron powder is one or more of magnetite, hematite, limonite or hematite.
5. The method of manufacturing ultra-thin hot rolled wide strip of claim 1 wherein the coal fines are one or more of non-coking coal fines, ordinary coal fines, petroleum coke.
6. A method of manufacturing ultra thin hot rolled wide strip steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the scrap steel is one or more of light thin stock, scrap, heavy scrap.
7. A method for the manufacture of ultra thin hot wide strip steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein in step 2) the transport of the particulate iron and scrap into the electric furnace is either continuous or intermittent.
8. The method for manufacturing ultra-thin hot-rolled wide strip steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the steel sheet after the hot continuous rolling in the step 5) is 0.4 to 0.6 mm.
9. A method for the manufacture of ultra thin hot rolled wide strip steel as claimed in claim 1 wherein the coiling in step 6) is carrousel coiling.
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