CN114107745B - Preparation method of wide 6XXX aluminum alloy plate strip - Google Patents
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
- B21B1/466—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a non-continuous process, i.e. the cast being cut before rolling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0203—Cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
- B22D11/003—Aluminium alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/12—Making non-ferrous alloys by processing in a semi-solid state, e.g. holding the alloy in the solid-liquid phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
Abstract
A preparation method of a wide 6XXX aluminum alloy plate strip comprises the following steps of 1) smelting according to the following components in percentage by weight: si:0.5 to 1.5%, mg:0.1-2.0%, fe:0.1-1.0%, mn:0.05 to 0.5%, cu: 0.02-0.2%, and the balance of Al and other unavoidable impurities; moreover, the content of single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the content of total impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent; 2) Semi-solid treatment and nanoparticle reinforcement; 3) Continuous casting; 4) Cooling; 5) Carrying out first hot rolling; 6) Carrying out second hot rolling; 7) Coiling; 8) And (5) post-treatment. The preparation method disclosed by the invention adopts a semi-solid processing combined double-roll thin strip continuous casting process, and the prepared 6XXX aluminum alloy strip has the advantages that compared with the existing 6XXX aluminum alloy, the strength is higher by more than 25%, and the formability is higher by more than 35%; compared with the steel plate for the automobile, the light weight of more than 50 percent can be easily realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a wide 6XXX aluminum alloy plate strip.
Background
The thin strip continuous casting technology is a leading technology in the metallurgical field at present, and the idea was originally proposed by Henry Bessemer in 1865 (US Patent: 49053). The continuous casting of the thin strip integrates the procedures of continuous casting, rolling, even heat treatment and the like, so that the produced thin strip blank can be formed into an industrial finished product at one time through subsequent rolling, the production procedure of the aluminum alloy strip is greatly simplified, the production period is shortened, and the production process of the aluminum alloy strip is more compact, more continuous, more efficient and more environment-friendly; meanwhile, the production cost is obviously reduced, and the quality and the performance of the produced thin strip product are not inferior to or even superior to those of the traditional process.
The weight reduction of automobiles has become a major concern of countries in the world, and in recent years, technologies and innovations for realizing the weight reduction of automobiles are continuously emerging. The light weight is to reduce the net quality of the whole automobile as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the strength and the safety performance of the automobile, so as to improve the dynamic performance of the automobile and reduce the energy consumption of the automobile in the running process, thereby achieving the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction. The net quality of the whole automobile is reduced by 10%, and the fuel efficiency can be improved by 6-8%; when the whole automobile mass is reduced by 100kg, the oil consumption per hundred kilometers can be reduced by 0.3-0.6L. Nowadays, energy conservation and emission reduction are global tasks, and automobiles are indispensable necessities in modern life, so that the light weight of the automobiles becomes the development trend of the automobiles in the world.
At present, the average energy consumption of Chinese automobiles is about 7.5L/100km, and has a certain gap with developed countries, and the national planning aims to reach 4.5L/km in 2020, is equal to the European standard and exceeds the standard set by the United states. To achieve this, it is necessary to accelerate the weight reduction of the automobile. The european automobile manufacturing industry is advancing "ultra light automobile engineering", and the united states has made a striding progress in automobile aluminization, aiming to reduce the mass of the automobile by 30% on the basis of the existing price.
Aluminum was the first material to be a substitute for steel, and the average amount of aluminum used for U.S. passenger cars was 28.6kg in 1960, increased to 109kg in 1999, reached to approximately 160kg in 2015, and estimated to be more than 285kg in 2025, and the body frame and cover of Audi A8 produced by Audi automotive company in 1994 was made of extruded aluminum and sheet materials of the U.S. aluminum company, pioneering all aluminum passenger cars. The current data show that replacing steel with aluminum in automobile manufacturing can reduce the automobile quality by 30-40%, and if using the second generation aluminum alloy, the weight reduction effect is more excellent. Aluminum is used second only to steel and cast iron materials in automobile manufacturing, while in all aluminum passenger cars the amount of aluminum is rising to the second place. In addition, the new energy automobile is a new branch market for automobile industry development, and the new energy automobile is different from the traditional automobile in that the battery is adopted as power to drive the automobile to run, and the new energy automobile is limited by the weight of the power battery and the endurance mileage of the power battery, so that the requirement of light weight of an automobile body is more urgent in the aspects of vehicle design and material application. In the aspects of application technology, operation safety, cyclic recycling and the like, the aluminum alloy material with mature technology has great advantages and becomes the first choice of new energy vehicles and enterprises.
At present, automobile body sheets (ABS for short) are divided into two types, namely an inner plate and an outer plate. ABS has high requirements for the performance of the outer plate and great production difficulty, and ABS must have good formability, strong surface smoothness, good weldability and excellent bake hardening characteristics.
The ABS aluminum alloy can be divided into two generations according to the performance and the production process of the ABS aluminum alloy, the first generation is generally the conventional wrought aluminum alloy produced by an ingot casting-hot rolling method, the final aluminum alloy plate strip product is obtained by subsequent cold rolling and heat treatment, the production period is longer, about 20 days is generally needed, 27 enterprises and workshops which are built globally at present are counted, and the enterprises and workshops belong to the first generation.
The second generation ABS is generally considered to be a deformed aluminum alloy plate which is prepared by a short-flow new process and has obviously improved performance. Typical short-flow new processes include Ha Cilei tex (Hazelett) continuous casting and rolling process, twin-roll thin strip continuous casting and rolling process, etc. However, the traditional horizontal twin-roll thin-strip continuous casting and rolling process can only produce rolled aluminum foil strips and simpler 1XXX and 3XXX series plate strip products of alloy systems, and cannot produce high-end 6XXX series aluminum alloy covering plate strip products for automobiles. And the traditional horizontal twin-roll casting machine has a slow speed which is usually only 1-3m/min, and the production efficiency is low.
In recent years, many famous manufacturers of twin-roll casting machines for aluminum alloy plate and strip have made many developments in increasing the casting speed and increasing the width of the plate and are aimed at improving the production efficiency and wider application fields. The more well-known companies include FataHunter, italy and Puji, france, speedcaster developed by FataHunter TM The ultrathin high-speed casting and rolling machine is characterized in that: the double rollers are driven by double drives, the inclination is 15 degrees, the diameter of the casting roller is 1118mm, the plate width reaches 2184mm, the rolling force is 3000t, the maximum casting speed can reach 38m/min, and the thickness can reach 0.635mm at the thinnest. The Junbo3CM casting and rolling machine developed by Puji corporation is characterized in that: the rolling force is 2900t, the plate width reaches 2020mm, the cast-rolling thickness is 1mm at the thinnest, and the maximum cast-rolling speed is 15m/min. However, these devices still cannot produce high-end 6XXX series aluminum alloy cladding plate strip products for automobiles.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a wide 6XXX aluminum alloy plate strip, the aluminum alloy plate strip can realize the combined improvement of strength, elongation and formability by using the preparation method, and compared with the existing 6XXX aluminum alloy, the wide 6XXX aluminum alloy plate strip has the advantages that the strength is higher by more than 25%, and the formability is higher by more than 35%; compared with the steel plate for the automobile, the weight is reduced by more than 50%; the composite material can be widely applied to the field of automobile application, such as parts of automobile engine covering parts, fenders, doors, roofs, trunk lids and the like, and provides a wide space for the automobile industry in terms of light weight, energy consumption reduction and fuel economy improvement; in addition, the aluminum alloy plate strip can be smoothly formed by using a mold which is universal with a steel plate, can be more easily deformed into a complex shape, and does not need to additionally design a mold.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the novel 6XXX aluminum alloy plate strip comprises the following steps:
1) Smelting
Smelting according to the following chemical components in percentage by weight: si:0.5 to 1.5%, mg:0.1-2.0%, fe:0.1-1.0%, mn:0.05 to 0.5%, cu: 0.02-0.2%, and the balance of Al and other unavoidable impurities; moreover, the content of single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the content of total impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent;
2) Semi-solid treatment + nanoparticle reinforcement
Introducing smelted aluminum alloy liquid into a standing furnace for standing, conveying the aluminum alloy liquid to a front box through a runner, degassing, filtering, flowing into a tundish for semi-solid treatment, and stirring to obtain semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry, wherein the semi-solid treatment temperature is 600-650 ℃, hard particles with the size of 5 nm-10 mu m and the melting point higher than the melting point of aluminum are added into the aluminum alloy liquid during the semi-solid treatment, and the addition amount of the hard particles is 5-20 wt% of the aluminum alloy liquid; wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid introduced into the standing furnace is 660-760 ℃;
3) Continuous casting
The continuous casting adopts double-roll thin strip continuous casting to obtain an aluminum alloy casting strip with the thickness of 1.5-10mm and the width of 1000-2200 mm; the temperature of the aluminum alloy cast strip is 480-580 ℃, the diameter of the crystallization roller is 400-1200mm, water is introduced into the crystallization roller for cooling, and the casting speed of the casting machine is 30-120 m/min;
4) Cooling down
The aluminum alloy cast strip is cooled to 410-510 ℃ after coming out of the casting machine through water quenching;
5) First hot rolling
Sending the cooled aluminum alloy cast strip to a rolling mill after pinch roll and crop end treatment for primary hot rolling; the first hot rolling temperature is 380-480 ℃, and the first hot rolling reduction rate is less than or equal to 50 percent;
6) Cooling and second hot rolling
Carrying out air cooling or water cooling on the aluminum alloy plate strip subjected to the first hot rolling, and then carrying out second hot rolling; the second hot rolling temperature is 280-420 ℃, and the second hot rolling reduction rate is less than or equal to 60 percent; the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate strip after the second hot rolling is 0.3-4mm, preferably 0.5-3 mm;
7) Coiling
Conveying the aluminum alloy plate strip subjected to the second hot rolling to a coiler for coiling by a pinch roll, wherein the coiling temperature is 200-370 ℃;
8) Post-treatment
And (3) carrying out solution heat treatment and quenching in sequence after the aluminum alloy plate strip is coiled.
Preferably, in step 2), the hard particles are TiC, tiN, WC, siC and B 4 C、Si 3 N 4 And BN.
Further, the aging and baking finish procedures are sequentially carried out after the quenching in the step 8).
Preferably, the aging is artificial aging or natural aging plus artificial aging, wherein the artificial aging temperature is 90-200 ℃, the time is 25-120min, and the natural aging time is 25-35 days.
Preferably, the baking finish temperature is 150-220 ℃, and the duration is 20-50min.
And carrying out additional artificial aging after the paint baking, wherein the temperature of the additional artificial aging is 90-200 ℃, and the time is 25-120min.
Preferably, in the step 8), the temperature of the solution heat treatment is 500-560 ℃ and the time is 8-50 min.
Preferably, in the step 8), the temperature of the aluminum alloy plate strip after quenching is between room temperature and 120 ℃.
Preferably, before the post-treatment step of step 8), one or more of off-line cold rolling, tension straightening, edge cutting, flattening, surface inspection and plate shape inspection can be performed on the aluminum alloy plate strip.
Preferably, in the step 2), the stirring method for the semi-solid treatment includes a mechanical stirring method, a blowing stirring method, a powder spraying stirring method or an electromagnetic stirring method.
Preferably, in the step 3), a vertical casting machine, a horizontal casting machine or an inclined casting machine is used for continuous casting.
Preferably, in step 3), the crystallization roller is a copper roller, and the surface of the crystallization roller is provided with texture, grooves or embossing.
Preferably, the surface of the crystallization roller is subjected to chromium electroplating treatment, and the thickness of the chromium plating layer is 0.05-0.10mm.
The microstructure of the aluminum alloy plate strip is fine isometric crystal matrix structure and hard particles which are dispersed and distributed.
The aluminum alloy plate strip can realize the FLD (flash deformation resistance) of 150-230MPa of yield strength, 230-310MPa of tensile strength, 27-36% of elongation percentage and forming limit test (test under the specification of thickness of 1.0 mm) under the natural aging condition, namely T4 or T42 state 0 In the range of 27-37%.
The aluminum alloy plate strip can realize yield strength of 170-250MPa, tensile strength of 250-340MPa, elongation of 25-34% and forming limit test (test under the specification of thickness of 1.0 mm) FLD (flash deformation resistance) under the condition of artificial aging, namely T6 state 0 In the range of 24-34%.
After the aluminum alloy plate strip is subjected to paint baking, the yield strength is 250-290MPa, the tensile strength is 330-370MPa, and the elongation is 22-29%.
In the composition design of the wide 6XXX aluminum alloy plate strip provided by the invention:
si: the silicon-based alloy is a main component for improving the flow property of the aluminum alloy, can greatly improve the casting property of the aluminum alloy, and can improve the tensile strength, the hardness and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy by adding a certain content of Si; however, addition of high Si content causes Si-containing hard particles in the aluminum alloy, which increases alloy brittleness and deteriorates machinability. Therefore, the Si content is controlled in the range of 0.5 to 1.5% in the present invention.
Mg: can improve the strength, hardness, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and cutting performance of the aluminum alloy, but the addition of more Mg easily causes hot brittleness, cracks are generated in the alloy, and the formed Mg 2 Si can embrittle the alloy. Therefore, in the present invention, the Mg content is controlled to be in the range of 0.1 to 2.0%.
Fe: feAl is formed in the aluminum alloy 3 、Fe 2 The Al or Al-Si-Fe has a plate-like or needle-like structure which reduces mechanical properties and also causes the alloy to have a reduced fluidity and an increased tendency to be thermally cracked, and therefore, the Fe content is controlled in the range of 0.1 to 1.0% in the present invention.
Mn: the harmful effect of Fe can be reduced in the aluminum alloy, the sheet-shaped or needle-shaped structure formed by Fe in the aluminum alloy can be changed into a fine crystal structure, mn can organize the recrystallization process of the aluminum alloy, the recrystallization temperature is increased, and recrystallized grains can be obviously refined; too high Mn causes segregation and also lowers the thermal conductivity. Therefore, the Mn content is controlled in the range of 0.05 to 0.5% in the present invention.
Cu: cu is dissolved in the aluminum alloy in a solid solution manner, so that the strength, the hardness, the heat resistance and the cutting performance can be improved, and the casting flow performance can be improved; however, too high a Cu content affects the corrosion resistance and plasticity of the aluminum alloy and increases the tendency to hot cracking. Therefore, the Cu content is controlled in the range of 0.02 to 0.2% in the present invention.
The aluminum alloy liquid after smelting is led into a standing furnace for standing, one smelting furnace is generally used for 2-3 standing furnaces, the smelting capacity of the smelting furnace is larger than that of the standing furnace, so that the aluminum alloy liquid is fully supplied, then semi-solid treatment is carried out, and good fluidity of the aluminum alloy slurry after the semi-solid treatment is ensured.
The semi-solid forming technology is a high-efficiency and high-quality forming method which is started in recent years, and the semi-solid forming technology is a processing process which is realized in a semi-solid temperature range in the process of converting a metal material from a solid state to a liquid state or from a liquid state to a solid state. The semi-solid technology integrates the advantages of liquid casting and forming and solid pressure processing, and the semi-solid processing technology can greatly improve the mechanical property of the material.
The semi-solid processing and forming process has two main process routes:
one is to directly form the semi-solid slurry while maintaining its semi-solid temperature, commonly referred to as Rheoforming (Rheoforming);
the other is to prepare the semi-solid slurry into a blank, blanking the blank according to the size of the product, and then reheating the blank to the semi-solid temperature for forming, which is generally called Thixoforming (Thixoforming).
For thixoforming, the semi-solid blank is easy to convey and form and easy to realize automation, so that the semi-solid blank is widely applied in the industry earlier. The semi-solid forming method belongs to rheoforming, directly forms the stirred semi-solid slurry, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, energy conservation and short flow.
And adding hard particles with the size of 5 nm-10 mu m and the melting point higher than the melting point of aluminum into the aluminum alloy liquid during the semi-solid treatment, so that the hard particles with the high melting point are uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the aluminum alloy liquid/semi-solid slurry, and the amount of the added hard particles with the high melting point is 5-20 wt% of the aluminum alloy liquid.
These hard particle types may be: titanium carbide (chemical formula: tiC, density: 4.93 g/cm) 3 Melting point: 3140 deg.C), titanium nitride (chemical formula: tiN, density: 5.44g/cm 3 Melting point: 2950 ℃), tungsten carbide (chemical formula: WC, density: 15.63g/cm 3 Melting point: 2870 deg.c), silicon carbide (chemical formula: siC, density: 3.2g/cm 3 Melting point: 2700 deg.c), boron carbide (chemical formula: b is 4 C, density: 2.52g/cm 3 Melting point: 2350 deg.c), silicon nitride (chemical formula: si 3 N 4 Density: 3.44g/cm 3 Melting point: 1900 deg.c), boron nitride (chemical formula: BN, density: 2.25g/cm 3 Melting point: 3000 ℃ C.), and the like.
The mechanism of action of the dispersion distribution of the hard nano/micron particles with high melting point in the aluminum alloy matrix is as follows:
in the process of solidification and crystallization of aluminum alloy liquid, nano/micron particles at the grain boundary can effectively limit the grain growth through pinning effect, and refine grains; meanwhile, the nano/micron particles can also be used as effective heterogeneous nucleation points and excellent modifiers, so that the nucleation of aluminum alloy liquid during solidification is effectively increased, the microstructure of the aluminum alloy plate strip is optimized, and the microstructure of the formed aluminum alloy plate strip is as follows: fine equiaxed crystal matrix structure and dispersed hard particles, and obviously improves the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy.
The aluminum alloy cast strip after water quenching is subjected to head cutting by a pinch roll and enters a four-roll mill for primary hot rolling, the hot rolling temperature range is 380-480 ℃, and the reduction rate is less than or equal to 50%. In order to ensure that the aluminum alloy cast strip does not deviate and ensure the smooth production, the pinch roll has the functions of deviation rectification and centering.
Although the method of the present invention is described in the above embodiment as having two stands in the rolling step to achieve the target thickness, one skilled in the art can contemplate other embodiments, such as using any suitable number of hot rolling and subsequent cold rolling stands in the rolling step to achieve the appropriate product target thickness.
The post-treatment process in the step 8) comprises the processes of solution heat treatment, quenching, aging, varnish baking and the like.
After coiling, the aluminum alloy plate strip can be subjected to solution heat treatment and quenching, wherein the solution heat treatment temperature is as follows: 500-560 ℃, time: 8-50min; the temperature range of the aluminum alloy plate strip after quenching is between room temperature and 120 ℃. After the solution heat treatment and quenching, artificial aging treatment can be carried out, wherein the artificial aging temperature is as follows: 90-200 ℃, time: and 25-120min. The condition of the aluminum alloy product after solution treatment and artificial aging is referred to as the T6 condition, which means that the final product has been solution heat treated, quenched and artificially aged.
Other processes can be selected before the post-treatment in the step 8), including off-line cold rolling, tension straightening, trimming, flattening, surface inspection, plate shape inspection and the like, and then the solution heat treatment and quenching can be carried out after the final specification is reached.
According to requirements, after the solution heat treatment and quenching, the aluminum alloy plate strip can be subjected to natural aging, the natural aging standing time is generally 25-35 days, and the state after the solution heat treatment and the natural aging to be basically stable is called as T4 or T42 state. After natural aging, the coiled aluminum alloy product is shipped to a customer for use.
After natural aging, artificial aging can be carried out on the aluminum alloy plate strip according to the requirement so as to generate precipitation hardening. Artificial aging temperature: 90-200 ℃, time: and 25-120min. In this case, the artificial aging is generally performed after the aluminum alloy sheet and strip are formed into an automobile part, and then the baking finish (bake hardening) may be performed, wherein the baking finish temperature range: 150-220 ℃, time: 20-50min. According to the needs, the extra artificial aging after the paint baking can be completed, and the extra artificial aging temperature is as follows: 90-200 ℃, time: and 25-120min.
The twin roll casting machine for continuous casting according to the present invention may be in the form of a vertical type, a horizontal type or an inclined type. The crystallizing roller for twin-roll strip casting is copper roller, and the surface of the crystallizing roller is processed into grains, grooves or embossing, etc. to raise the heat conducting efficiency of the interface and thus raise the strip casting speed. After the surface appearance of the crystallization roller is processed, the chromium electroplating treatment is needed, the thickness of the chromium coating is controlled to be 0.05-0.10mm, the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the crystallization roller can be greatly improved through the chromium electroplating treatment, and the service life of the crystallization roller is prolonged.
The aluminum alloy plate strip is coiled in a double-coiling mode, and also can be coiled in a Carrosael coiling mode, so that the continuous production of the aluminum alloy plate strip is ensured. The coiling machine reel has an automatic centering function so as to ensure good coil shape when the aluminum alloy plate strip is coiled and ensure smooth production.
The invention is distinguished and improved from the prior art:
the preparation of wide 6XXX aluminum alloy plate strips by using semi-solid processing, introducing high-melting-point hard particles and combining a twin-roll thin-strip continuous casting process is not directly reported.
Chinese patent CN106164308a discloses "an aluminium alloy product and method of making the same" having at least 0.8wt% Mn, at least 0.6wt% Fe, the near surface of the aluminium alloy strip containing small particles with an equivalent diameter <3 μm, in a volume fraction of at least 0.2%, which is not related to the twin roll continuous strip process.
Chinese patent CN103119184B discloses an "improved 6XXX aluminum alloy and method of producing the same" that can be produced by preparing an aluminum alloy body for post-solutionizing cold work, cold working by at least 25% and subsequent heat treatment, and that can achieve improved strength and performance, which is significantly different from the present invention, in which no semi-solid treatment, particle enhancement, etc. is involved.
Chinese patent CN104284745a discloses "an improved 6XXX aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof", the aluminum alloy body has a "sandwich" structure with two outer regions plus one inner region, and the concentration of particles contained in the inner region is greater than that in the outer regions, and the patent does not relate to measures such as semi-solid treatment, particle enhancement and the like.
Chinese patent CN200810098094 discloses a "continuous casting process of an aluminum alloy thin strip blank", and proposes that 5052 aluminum alloy can be produced by adopting a vertical twin-roll thin strip continuous casting process, and the invention does not relate to measures such as semi-solid treatment, particle enhancement and the like, and does not relate to 6XXX aluminum alloy.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, hard particles with the size of 5 nm-10 mu m and the melting point higher than the melting point of aluminum are added into the aluminum alloy liquid, so that the hard particles with the high melting point are uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the aluminum alloy liquid/semisolid slurry, and in the solidification process, the nano/micron particles at the grain boundary can effectively limit the grain growth through the pinning effect, and the grains are refined; the particles can also be used as effective heterogeneous nucleation points and excellent modifiers, effectively increase nucleation during aluminum alloy liquid solidification, and optimize microstructure so that the microstructure is as follows: fine equiaxed crystal matrix structure and hard particles which are dispersed and distributed, thereby obviously improving the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy plate strip.
2. The method adopts a mode of continuously preparing the semi-solid slurry, feeds the semi-solid slurry into a gap between a double-roller thin-strip continuous casting roll, and can continuously and stably produce the aluminum alloy cast strip. The solid phase fraction in the semi-solid slurry can be adjusted by controlling the temperature of the semi-solid slurry, and the speed of twin-roll thin strip continuous casting can be obviously improved, so that the production efficiency is improved. When the semi-solid metal slurry is continuously subjected to twin-roll thin-strip continuous casting, almost uniform spherical fine-grained structures can be directly obtained, and the mechanical property of the material can be remarkably improved after the twin-roll thin-strip continuous casting.
3. Compared with the traditional aluminum alloy production process, the invention has the following advantages:
a) Short flow, investment saving, low cost and low energy consumption: the double-roll thin strip casting and rolling equipment is used for replacing the traditional DC casting machine, heating furnace and hot rolling machine, so that the equipment cost is greatly reduced; the occupied area is only 1/4 of that of the traditional flow (casting and hot rolling workshop), and the energy consumption is only 50 percent of that of the traditional flow;
b) The production efficiency is high, the processing time of the semi-finished product is greatly shortened, and 5 working procedures (1, sawing the head and the tail of the ingot; 2. homogenizing annealing (which is a long-time process and takes 50 hours); 3. milling a surface; 4. heating before hot rolling; 5. hot rolling), from aluminum alloy liquid to hot rolled coil, from 20 days required by the traditional flow, to 20 minutes;
c) The yield is greatly improved: greatly reducing the consumption of head cutting, tail removing and face milling, and improving the yield by more than 20 percent;
d) The production line has a high degree of flexibility: the continuous casting machine of the production line can replace the alloy at any time without stopping the machine, thereby realizing seamless transition among automobiles, industry, household appliances and products in the packaging market.
4. Compared with the product produced by the traditional aluminum alloy production process, the invention has the advantages of obvious structure performance:
a) The density is high, and macrosegregation is almost not generated: the microstructure of the produced aluminum alloy plate strip is fine isometric crystal with rapid solidification characteristic and hard particles in dispersion distribution, the density is high, and the cracking problem in the subsequent rolling process is avoided; almost no macrosegregation and almost no anisotropy exist, and the mechanical property is greatly improved after heat treatment;
b) The surface quality is good: compared with the traditional double-roller casting (the casting speed is only 1-3 m/min), the casting speed can be greatly improved to 30-120m/min, the problem of uneven cooling of the upper surface and the lower surface of the traditional horizontal double-roller casting can be avoided, the surface quality is greatly improved, and the harsh requirements of the automobile industry can be met;
c) Excellent performance, obvious light weight advantage: the produced aluminum alloy plate strip has the advantages that the formability is higher than that of the existing 6XXX aluminum alloy by more than 35%, and the strength is higher than 25%; compared with the steel plate for the automobile, the light weight of more than 50 percent can be easily realized. The performance of the aluminum alloy plate strip is close to that of a steel plate, particularly, the aluminum alloy plate strip has high formability, is not easy to crack during forming, can be smoothly formed by a die which is universal with the steel plate during punch forming, can be more easily deformed into a complex shape, and does not need to additionally design the die.
5. The traditional double-roller cast-rolling aluminum alloy production usually adopts steel rollers, and the cooling and heat transfer efficiency is low, so that the drawing speed is only 1-3m/min, and the production efficiency is low.
The crystallization roller used for twin-roller thin strip continuous casting adopts a copper roller, the surface of the crystallization roller is processed into shapes such as textures, grooves or embossing, and the like, so that the interface heat conduction efficiency can be greatly improved, and the thin strip continuous casting speed can be improved; meanwhile, the width of 2200mm can be realized to the maximum, the width is really wide, and the width range required by the automobile engine covering part can be completely covered. After the surface appearance of the crystallization roller is processed, chromium electroplating treatment is carried out, so that the surface hardness and the wear resistance of the crystallization roller can be greatly improved, and the service life of the crystallization roller is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the present invention (vertical twin roll strip casting).
Fig. 2 is a schematic process diagram of a horizontal twin roll strip casting process according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications or improvements based on the basic idea of the invention, but within the scope of the present invention, without departing from the basic idea of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, in the first embodiment of the present invention, a vertical casting machine is used to prepare a wide 6XXX aluminum alloy strip.
The smelted aluminum alloy liquid which is designed according to the chemical composition of the invention is led into a standing furnace 3 from a smelting furnace 1 through a launder 2 for standing. The aluminum alloy liquid is conveyed from the standing furnace 3 to the front box 4 through the launder 2, flows into the tundish 7 after degassing 5 and filtering 6, and carries out semi-solid treatment on the aluminum alloy slurry in the tundish 7.
And at the time of semi-solid treatment, adding hard particles with the size of 5 nm-10 mu m and the melting point higher than the melting point of aluminum into the aluminum alloy liquid in the tundish 7, so that the hard particles with the high melting point are uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the aluminum alloy liquid/semi-solid slurry, and the amount of the added hard particles with the high melting point is 5-20 wt% of the aluminum alloy liquid.
After semi-solid treatment, the aluminum alloy liquid directly enters a molten pool 11 enclosed by two relatively rotating crystallization rollers 10a and 10b and side sealing plate devices 12a and 12b from the bottom of a tundish 7 through a submerged nozzle 8 and a flow distribution device 9. The aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry is solidified on the circumferential surfaces of the crystallization rolls 10a, 10b rotating, and then an aluminum alloy cast strip 15 having a thickness of 1.5-10mm and a width of 1000-2200mm is formed at the smallest gap (nip point) between the two crystallization rolls 10a, 10 b. The diameter of the crystallization rollers 10a and 10b is 400-1200mm, and water is introduced into the crystallization rollers for cooling. The casting speed of the casting machine ranges from 30 to 120m/min depending on the thickness of the aluminum alloy cast strip 15.
The aluminum alloy cast strip 15 comes out of the twin-roll strip caster, the temperature of the aluminum alloy cast strip 15 is 480-580 ℃, the aluminum alloy cast strip 15 directly enters the closed chamber 14, the inert gas is introduced into the closed chamber 14 to protect the aluminum alloy cast strip 15, the anti-oxidation protection of the aluminum alloy cast strip 15 is realized, and the atmosphere of the anti-oxidation protection can be N 2 Ar, or other non-oxidizing gas, such as CO obtained by sublimation of dry ice 2 Gas, etc., the oxygen concentration in the closed chamber 14 is controlled to be<5 percent, and the closed chamber 14 protects the aluminum alloy cast strip 15 from oxidation to the inlet of the No. 1 pinch roll 17. An aluminum alloy cast strip 15 passes through a conveying roller way 20 on a swing guide plate 13, is cooled by a water quenching cooling device 16, enters a 1# pinch roller 17, is subjected to head cutting by a flying shear 18, enters a four-roller 1# hot rolling mill 19 for hot rolling, and the flying shear 18 passes through a guide plateThe flying shear 18 also has the function of on-line slitting between the reels, which ensures that the production is continuous, by guiding 25 the cut tape heads into a scrap bin 26. In order to ensure that the aluminum alloy cast strip 15 does not deviate and ensure the smooth production, the 1# pinch roll 17 has the function of deviation rectification and centering.
After the aluminum alloy cast strip is hot-rolled by a No. 1 hot rolling mill 19, an aluminum alloy plate strip running on a conveying roller way 20 enters an air cooling/water cooling device 21 for cooling, then the aluminum alloy plate strip enters a four-roll No. 2 hot rolling mill 22 for hot rolling again, an aluminum alloy plate strip with the thickness of 0.3-4mm is formed after the hot rolling, and the rolled aluminum alloy plate strip enters a No. 2 pinch roll 23 and then directly enters a coiling machine 24 for coiling.
The coiling machine 24 adopts a double-coiling mode and can also adopt a carrousel coiling mode to ensure the continuous production of the aluminum alloy plate strip. The 24 reels of the coiling machine have an automatic centering function so as to ensure good coil shape when the aluminum alloy plate strip is coiled and ensure smooth production.
Referring to fig. 2, in the second embodiment of the present invention, a horizontal casting machine is used to prepare wide 6XXX aluminum alloy strip.
The smelted aluminum alloy liquid which is designed according to the chemical composition of the invention is led into a standing furnace 3 from a smelting furnace 1 through a launder 2 for standing. The aluminum alloy liquid is conveyed from the standing furnace 3 to the front box 4 through the launder 2, flows into the tundish 7 after degassing 5 and filtering 6, and semi-solid treatment is performed on the aluminum alloy slurry in the tundish 7.
And at the time of semi-solid treatment, adding hard particles with the size of 5 nm-10 mu m and the melting point higher than the melting point of aluminum into the aluminum alloy liquid in the tundish 7, so that the hard particles with the high melting point are uniformly and dispersedly distributed in the aluminum alloy liquid/semi-solid slurry, and the amount of the added hard particles with the high melting point is 5-20 wt% of the aluminum alloy liquid.
After semi-solid treatment, the aluminum alloy liquid directly enters a molten pool 11 enclosed by two relatively rotating crystallization rollers 10a and 10b and side sealing plate devices 12a and 12b from the bottom of a tundish 7 through a submerged nozzle 8 and a flow distribution device 9. The aluminum alloy semi-solid slurry is solidified on the circumferential surfaces of the crystallization rolls 10a, 10b rotating, and then an aluminum alloy cast strip 15 having a thickness of 1.5-10mm and a width of 1000-2200mm is formed at the smallest gap (nip point) between the two crystallization rolls 10a, 10 b. The diameter of the crystallization rollers 10a and 10b is 400-1200mm, and water is introduced into the crystallization rollers for cooling. The casting speed of the casting machine ranges from 30 to 120m/min depending on the thickness of the aluminum alloy cast strip 15.
The aluminum alloy casting strip 15 comes out of the twin-roll strip caster, the temperature of the aluminum alloy casting strip is 480-580 ℃, the aluminum alloy casting strip directly enters the closed chamber 14, the inert gas is introduced into the closed chamber 14 to protect the aluminum alloy casting strip 15, the oxidation prevention protection of the casting strip is realized, and the atmosphere of the oxidation prevention protection can be N 2 Ar, or other non-oxidizing gas, such as CO obtained by sublimation of dry ice 2 Gas, etc., the oxygen concentration in the closed chamber 14 is controlled to be<5 percent, and the closed chamber 14 protects the aluminum alloy cast strip 15 from oxidation to the inlet of the No. 1 pinch roll 17. An aluminum alloy cast strip 15 directly comes out of an upper roller channel 20 of the crystallizing rollers 10a and 10b, is cooled by a water quenching cooling device 16, enters a No. 1 pinch roller 17, is subjected to end cutting by a flying shear 18, and then enters a four-roller No. 1 hot rolling mill 19 for hot rolling, the flying shear 18 guides the cut strip end into a waste hopper 26 through a guide plate 25, and the flying shear 18 also has the function of online cutting between coils, so that continuous production can be ensured. In order to ensure that the aluminum alloy cast strip 15 does not deviate and ensure the smooth production, the 1# pinch roll 17 has the functions of deviation rectification and centering.
After the aluminum alloy cast strip is hot-rolled by a No. 1 hot rolling mill 19, an aluminum alloy plate strip running on a conveying roller way 20 enters an air cooling/water cooling device 21 for cooling, then the aluminum alloy plate strip enters a four-roll No. 2 hot rolling mill 22 for hot rolling again, an aluminum alloy plate strip with the thickness of 0.3-4mm is formed after the hot rolling, and the rolled aluminum alloy plate strip enters a No. 2 pinch roll 23 and then directly enters a coiling machine 24 for coiling.
The coiler 24 adopts a double-coiling form and can also adopt a carrousel coiling form, so that the continuous production of the aluminum alloy plate strip is ensured. The coiling machine 24 has an automatic centering function, so that good coil shape of the aluminum alloy plate strip is ensured during coiling, and smooth production is ensured.
After coiling, the aluminum alloy strip may be subjected to a series of post-treatment processes, such as solution heat treatment, quenching, natural/artificial aging, paint baking, and the like. Other processes including off-line cold rolling, tension straightening, trimming, leveling, surface inspection, plate shape inspection and the like can be performed before the post-treatment, and then a series of post-treatment processes can be performed after the final specification is reached.
The chemical components of the aluminum alloy plate strip in the embodiment of the invention are shown in table 1, and the balance of the components is Al and other unavoidable impurities. The preparation method of the embodiment of the invention has the process parameters shown in the table 2, the post-treatment process parameters shown in the table 3, and the properties of the finally obtained aluminum alloy plate strip shown in the table 4.
In conclusion, the aluminum alloy plate strip manufactured according to the design range of the aluminum alloy components and the manufacturing method provided by the invention can realize the yield strength of 150-230MPa, the tensile strength of 230-310MPa, the elongation of 27-36% and the forming limit test (test under the specification of the thickness of 1.0 mm) FLD under the natural aging condition (T4 or T42 state) 0 In the range of 27-37%.
The aluminum alloy product can realize yield strength of 170-250MPa, tensile strength of 250-340MPa, elongation of 25-34% and forming limit test (test under the specification of thickness of 1.0 mm) FLD (flash forming D) under the condition of artificial aging (T6 state) 0 In the range of 24-34%.
After the aluminum alloy product is subjected to paint baking, the yield strength of 250-290MPa, the tensile strength of 330-370MPa and the elongation of 22-29 percent can be realized. Compared with the existing 6XXX aluminum alloy, the formability is higher by more than 35 percent, and the strength is higher by more than 25 percent; compared with the steel plate for the automobile, the weight reduction of more than 50% can be easily realized.
The performance of the aluminum alloy plate strip produced by the method is close to that of a steel plate, particularly, the aluminum alloy plate strip has high formability, is not easy to crack during forming, can be formed smoothly by a die which is universal with the steel plate during punch forming, can be deformed into a complex shape more easily, and does not need to additionally design the die.
The aluminum alloy plate strip produced by the method can be widely applied to the field of automobiles, such as parts of automobile engine covering parts, mud guards, automobile doors, automobile roofs, trunk lids and the like, and provides a wide space for the automobile industry in light weight, energy consumption reduction and fuel economy improvement.
Table 1 units: weight percent of
| Serial number | Si | Mg | Fe | Mn | Cu |
| Example 1 | 0.85 | 1.35 | 0.68 | 0.06 | 0.04 |
| Example 2 | 0.68 | 0.90 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.02 |
| Example 3 | 0.50 | 1.28 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.18 |
| Example 4 | 0.75 | 2.00 | 0.10 | 0.36 | 0.20 |
| Example 5 | 1.25 | 0.65 | 0.29 | 0.22 | 0.05 |
| Example 6 | 1.42 | 0.57 | 0.82 | 0.05 | 0.08 |
| Example 7 | 1.19 | 0.85 | 0.25 | 0.50 | 0.06 |
| Example 8 | 1.50 | 1.00 | 0.78 | 0.09 | 0.15 |
| Example 9 | 1.39 | 0.84 | 1.00 | 0.33 | 0.08 |
| Example 10 | 0.64 | 0.40 | 0.22 | 0.41 | 0.13 |
| Example 11 | 0.70 | 0.65 | 0.41 | 0.12 | 0.09 |
| Example 12 | 0.98 | 0.10 | 0.55 | 0.27 | 0.07 |
| Example 13 | 1.44 | 0.37 | 0.91 | 0.34 | 0.09 |
| Example 14 | 1.35 | 1.40 | 0.17 | 0.43 | 0.14 |
Claims (16)
1. A preparation method of a wide 6XXX aluminum alloy plate strip is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Smelting
Smelting according to the following chemical components in percentage by weight: si:0.5 to 1.5%, mg:0.1-2.0%, fe:0.1-1.0%, mn:0.05 to 0.5%, cu: 0.02-0.2%, and the balance of Al and other unavoidable impurities; moreover, the content of single impurity is less than or equal to 0.05 percent, and the content of total impurities is less than or equal to 0.15 percent;
2) Semi-solid treatment + nanoparticle reinforcement
Introducing smelted aluminum alloy liquid into a standing furnace for standing, conveying the aluminum alloy liquid to a front box through a runner, degassing, filtering, flowing into a tundish for semi-solid treatment, and stirring to obtain semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry, wherein the semi-solid treatment temperature is 600-650 ℃, hard particles with the size of 5 nm-10 mu m and the melting point higher than the melting point of aluminum are added into the aluminum alloy liquid during the semi-solid treatment, and the addition amount of the hard particles is 5-20 wt% of the aluminum alloy liquid; wherein the temperature of the aluminum alloy liquid introduced into the standing furnace is 660-760 ℃;
3) Continuous casting
The continuous casting adopts double-roller thin strip continuous casting to obtain an aluminum alloy cast strip with the thickness of 1.5-10mm and the width of 1000-2200 mm; the temperature of the aluminum alloy cast strip is 480-580 ℃, the diameter of the crystallization roller is 400-1200mm, water is introduced into the crystallization roller for cooling, and the casting speed of the casting machine is 30-120 m/min;
4) Cooling down
The aluminum alloy cast strip is cooled to 410-510 ℃ after coming out of the casting machine through water quenching;
5) First hot rolling
Sending the cooled aluminum alloy cast strip to a rolling mill after pinch roll and crop treatment for first hot rolling, wherein the temperature of the first hot rolling is 380-480 ℃, and the reduction rate of the first hot rolling is less than or equal to 50%;
6) Cooling and second hot rolling
Air cooling or water cooling the aluminum alloy plate strip after the first hot rolling, then carrying out the second hot rolling,
the temperature of the second hot rolling is 280-420 ℃, and the reduction rate of the second hot rolling is less than or equal to 60 percent; the thickness of the aluminum alloy plate strip after the second hot rolling is 0.3-4 mm;
7) Coiling
Conveying the aluminum alloy plate strip subjected to the second hot rolling to a coiler for coiling by a pinch roll, wherein the coiling temperature is 200-370 ℃;
8) Post-treatment
And (3) carrying out solution heat treatment and quenching in sequence after the aluminum alloy plate strip is coiled.
2. The method for preparing wide 6XXX aluminum alloy plate strip as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2), the hard particles are TiC, tiN, WC, siC, B 4 C、Si 3 N 4 And BN.
3. The method for producing a wide 6XXX aluminum alloy sheet strip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the quenching in step 8) is followed by aging and baking finish.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the aging is artificial aging or natural aging + artificial aging, wherein the artificial aging temperature is 90-200 ℃, the time is 25-120min, and the natural aging time is 25-35 days.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the baking temperature is 150-220 ℃ and the baking time is 20-50min.
6. The method of making a wide 6XXX aluminum alloy sheet strip as claimed in claim 3 or 5, wherein said paint-baking is followed by an additional artificial aging at a temperature of from 90 to 200 ℃ for from 25 to 120 minutes.
7. The method for producing a wide 6XXX aluminum alloy sheet strip as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 8), the solution heat treatment temperature is 500-560 ℃ for 8-50 min.
8. The method of making wide 6XXX aluminum alloy strip as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 8), the quenched aluminum alloy strip is at a temperature of from about room temperature to about 120 ℃.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the wide 6XXX aluminum alloy strip is subjected to one or more of off-line cold rolling, tension straightening, edge trimming, flattening, surface inspection, and strip shape inspection prior to the post-treatment step of step 8).
10. The method for preparing the wide 6XXX aluminum alloy plate strip as claimed in claim 1, wherein the semi-solid stirring method in step 2) is mechanical stirring, air-blowing stirring, powder-spraying stirring or electromagnetic stirring.
11. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 3), the continuous casting is performed using a vertical casting machine, a horizontal casting machine, or an inclined casting machine.
12. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 3), the crystallizing roller is a copper roller, and the surface of the crystallizing roller is textured, grooved or embossed.
13. The process for producing a wide 6XXX aluminum alloy sheet strip as claimed in claim 1 or 12, wherein the surface of the crystallization roll is subjected to an electro-chromic treatment, the thickness of the electro-chromic layer being 0.05 to 0.10mm.
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the microstructure of the aluminum alloy strip is fine equiaxed matrix structure and hard particles are dispersed in the fine equiaxed matrix structure.
15. The method of making the wide 6XXX aluminum alloy strip of claim 1 or 14, wherein the aluminum alloy strip has a yield strength of 150 to 230MPa, a tensile strength of 230 to 310MPa, and an elongation of 27 to 36% achieved under natural aging conditions, i.e., T4 or T42, and is subjected to the forming limit test FLD at a gauge thickness of 1.0mm 0 In the range of 27-37%;
the aluminum alloy plate strip can realize yield strength of 170-250MPa, tensile strength of 250-340MPa and elongation of 25-34% under the artificial aging condition, namely T6 state, and is subjected to forming limit test FLD under the specification of thickness of 1.0mm 0 In the range of 24-34%;
after the aluminum alloy plate strip is subjected to paint baking, the yield strength of 250-290MPa, the tensile strength of 330-370MPa and the elongation of 22-29% can be realized.
16. The method of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the wide 6XXX aluminum alloy strip produced in step 6) is from 0.5 mm to 3mm after the second hot rolling.
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