CN114107013A - Maca cell sap extraction device and method - Google Patents
Maca cell sap extraction device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114107013A CN114107013A CN202111484537.6A CN202111484537A CN114107013A CN 114107013 A CN114107013 A CN 114107013A CN 202111484537 A CN202111484537 A CN 202111484537A CN 114107013 A CN114107013 A CN 114107013A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
- C12M47/06—Hydrolysis; Cell lysis; Extraction of intracellular or cell wall material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0011—Heating features
- B01D1/0017—Use of electrical or wave energy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/0082—Regulation; Control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0003—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation by using heat-exchange surfaces for indirect contact between gases or vapours and the cooling medium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0033—Other features
- B01D5/0045—Vacuum condensation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0057—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes
- B01D5/006—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation in combination with other processes with evaporation or distillation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D5/00—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation
- B01D5/0078—Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation characterised by auxiliary systems or arrangements
- B01D5/009—Collecting, removing and/or treatment of the condensate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/002—Component parts of these vessels not mentioned in B01J3/004, B01J3/006, B01J3/02 - B01J3/08; Measures taken in conjunction with the process to be carried out, e.g. safety measures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
- B01J3/04—Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
- C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
- C12M41/22—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes in contact with the bioreactor walls
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/40—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of pressure
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for extracting plant cell sap, which comprises the following steps: s1) soaking the plant cell in the extract at normal temperature, heating at high temperature and high pressure to break the cell wall of the plant cell, and vaporizing the cell sap; s2) cooling the local top of the container in an air cooling or water cooling mode to keep the pressure inside the container at the limit vacuum, controlling the temperature inside the container at 140-172 ℃, enabling cell sap to form liquid drops on the top wall of the container and separate the liquid drops from carbon-containing heavy metal impurities and drug residues, S3) starting a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure of the container to the limit vacuum, controlling the temperature inside the container at 135-169 ℃, enabling the cell sap to continuously evaporate and separate in the container, and enabling the liquid drops formed at the top to fall into a containing cup inside the container; s4) cooling, and stabilizing under negative pressure to form small molecular group cell sap. The invention promotes the wall breaking of plant cells by heating in the sealed container, and provides the negative pressure environment to extract the cell sap, thereby reducing the decomposition of typical substances in the cell sap and keeping the original character characteristics of the extracting solution as much as possible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cell sap extraction, in particular to a maca cell sap extraction device and a maca cell sap extraction method.
Background
The liquid in the vacuole of the plant cell is called cell sap, wherein inorganic salt, amino acid, saccharide, various pigments and the like are dissolved, and the plant cell extracting solution has higher economic value or medicinal value, for example, the cell sap is extracted by selecting proper Chinese herbal medicines, so that the process of decocting the medicines can be avoided, and after the cell sap is extracted, plant residues are separated from the cell sap of the extracting solution with medicinal effect, so that the taking is convenient and the absorption effect is good. The applicant of the present application filed a Chinese patent application for a plant cell sap extraction device and process in the morning, application number 2020100826303, which discloses a method for breaking the wall of a plant cell by heating at high temperature and high pressure, and then extracting the cell sap at high temperature and under negative pressure, so that the vaporized cell sap forms liquid drops on the top wall of a container and then is cooled and stabilized at negative pressure, thereby extracting the plant cell sap. Moreover, the application also discloses a device for extracting the plant cell sap according to the process. However, it was later confirmed that this process is not suitable for plants such as maca, and the high temperature and pressure process causes the decomposition of typical substances in the cell sap, and a high quality percentage of the target substance is not obtained. For this reason, improvements are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a plant cell sap extraction device, which is used for heating in a sealed container to break the wall of plant cells and extracting cell sap in a negative pressure environment so as to overcome the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a maca cell sap extraction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1) soaking for 3-5 hours at normal temperature until the dried extract to be extracted is swollen and saturated in water absorption; then heating at high temperature and high pressure: heating the extract in a closed container at high temperature and high pressure, wherein the heating temperature is 140-172 ℃, and the absolute pressure is 130-320 KPa, so that the wall of plant cells is broken, and the cell sap is vaporized;
s2) separating heavy metals and medicine residues at high temperature and negative pressure: cooling the local top of the container in an air cooling or water cooling mode, keeping the internal pressure of the container at 40-60 KPa, controlling the internal temperature of the container at 140-172 ℃, forming liquid drops on the top wall of the container by cell liquid and separating the liquid drops from carbon-containing heavy metal impurities and medicine residues, and collecting and discharging the separated waste liquid through a waste liquid tank;
s3) high-temperature negative-pressure cell sap extraction: starting a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure of the container to a vacuum value of 100-1000 Pa, controlling the temperature inside the container to be 135-169 ℃, continuously evaporating and separating cell sap in the container, and forming liquid drops on the top to fall into a containing cup inside the container;
s4) cooling and stabilizing by negative pressure: and cooling the top of the container in an air cooling or water cooling manner to reduce the pressure of the container to 100-1000 Pa, and controlling the temperature inside the container to be 130-163 ℃, so that the cell sap is purified and stabilized to form small molecular group cell sap.
A maca cell sap extraction device is disclosed, wherein maca cell sap is prepared according to the maca cell sap extraction method, and the maca cell sap extraction device comprises a shell, an inner container, a cover body, a controller and a heater, wherein the cover body is used for covering an opening at the upper end of the inner container, a sealing device is arranged between the cover body and the opening of the inner container, and the heater is used for heating closed air and an extract to be extracted in the inner container to enable the cell sap of the extract to be broken and separated out and vaporized under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure; the cell liquid cooling device is characterized in that a cooling air cavity is formed in the bottom wall of the cover body, the cooling air can cool the bottom wall of the cover body, a containing cup is arranged in the inner container, the bottom wall is provided with an arc surface or an inclined surface which is suitable for enabling cell liquid drops condensed on the bottom wall to flow and fall into the containing cup, the inner surface wall of the containing cup is a non-metal layer, the inner container is provided with a negative pressure port, the negative pressure port is connected with a vacuum pump through a pipeline, a cooler is connected between the vacuum pump and the negative pressure port, and gas is pumped out by the vacuum pump after being cooled.
According to the maca cell sap extraction device, the air inlet of the cooling air cavity is opened at the top of the cover body, and the air outlet of the cooling air cavity is opened on the side wall of the cover body.
In the maca cell sap extraction device, the heater is arranged outside the inner container, and the inner wall of the shell is provided with the heat insulation layer.
According to the maca cell sap extraction device, the bottom wall comprises the central area and the outer ring area, the outer ring area is arched downwards in an arc mode towards the central area, the central area is arched upwards in an arc mode, and the orthographic projection of the connecting contour line of the outer ring area and the central area is arranged in the containing cup.
In the maca cell sap extraction device, the bottom wall of the cover body is made of the non-metal material.
According to the maca cell sap extraction device, the bottom wall comprises the metal inner layer and the nonmetal outer layer, and the nonmetal outer layer covers and seals the opening of the inner container.
In the maca cell sap extraction device, the negative pressure port is arranged at the bottom of the inner container and is connected with the negative pressure pipe, the tail end of the negative pressure pipe is connected with the tee joint, and the first branch of the tee joint is connected with the cooler; the second branch of the tee joint is sequentially connected with a waste liquid storage tank and a drain pipe.
According to the maca cell sap extraction device, the electric drain valve is arranged on the negative pressure pipe, and the valve switch is arranged on the drainage pipe.
The maca cell sap extraction device is characterized in that a connecting pipeline of a vacuum pump is connected with a pressure gauge, and the air inlet side of the vacuum pump is connected with a pump valve switch.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has smart structure, the extract finishes the process of breaking cell walls and separating out cell sap under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure by heating, then the pressure of the container is reduced to ultra-low vacuum by adopting a vacuum pump, the separation of heavy metal and pesticide residue (pesticide residue) is finished under the negative pressure environment, the cell sap is continuously evaporated and separated in the container, and liquid drops formed at the top of the cell sap fall into a containing cup in the container. The decomposition of typical substances in the cell sap is reduced under the negative pressure condition, so that the original character characteristics of the extracting solution are kept as much as possible.
The inventor sends the maca stem cell sap prepared by the method and the device to Shanghai Fuda detection technology group Limited company for active ingredient analysis, and the detection results show that the compounds at the first three positions respectively comprise macamide (with the relative content of 57.405%), 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (with the relative content of 15.233%) and hesperetin (with the relative content of 8.138%), wherein the macamide has the effects of resisting fatigue, resisting oxidation, regulating immunity, improving fertility and the like, and is an important compound expected to be extracted from maca stems. The reported results show that the method has great commercial popularization value. The number of the detection report is: FT-20211012008-1.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a sixth structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is an eighth structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, a fixed connection unless expressly specified or limited otherwise. Can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example one
The invention prepares cell sap by the following steps: s1) soaking for 3-5 hours at normal temperature until the dried extract to be extracted is swollen and saturated in water absorption; then heating at high temperature and high pressure: heating the extract in a closed container at high temperature and high pressure, wherein the heating temperature is 140-172 ℃, and the absolute pressure is 130-320 KPa, so that the wall of plant cells is broken, and the cell sap is vaporized;
s2) separating heavy metals and medicine residues at high temperature and negative pressure: cooling the local top of the container in an air cooling or water cooling mode, keeping the internal pressure of the container at 40-60 KPa of ultimate vacuum, controlling the internal temperature of the container at 140-172 ℃, forming liquid drops on the top wall of the container by cell liquid and separating the liquid drops from carbon-containing heavy metal impurities and medicine residues, and collecting and discharging the separated waste liquid through a waste liquid tank;
s3) high-temperature negative-pressure cell sap extraction: starting a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure of the container to a vacuum value of 100-1000 Pa of the limit vacuum, controlling the temperature inside the container to be 135-169 ℃, continuously evaporating and separating cell sap in the container, and forming liquid drops on the top to fall into a containing cup inside the container;
s4) cooling and stabilizing by negative pressure: and cooling the top of the container in an air cooling or water cooling manner, so that the pressure of the container is reduced to the limit vacuum of 100-1000 Pa, and the temperature inside the container is controlled to be 130-163 ℃, so that the cell sap is stably purified and stabilized, and the small molecular group cell sap is formed.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention also provides an extraction device for extracting maca cell sap by applying the process, which comprises a shell 14, an inner container 1 and a cover body 19, the cover body is used for covering an opening at the upper end of the inner container 1, a sealing device (a sealing ring 8) is arranged between the cover body and the opening of the inner container, the controller is arranged in the cover body or the shell, the operation display screen 20 is arranged on the side wall of the cover body, the operation display screen 20 and the heater 4 are connected with the controller, the operation display screen 20 inputs control instructions including heating temperature, pressure, time and the like, the heater 4 is driven by the controller, the inner container is internally provided with an annular net basket 2, liquorice and American ginseng waiting extracts are arranged in the inner container, the inner container is also provided with a containing cup 3, the containing cup 3 is arranged in a central ring of the net basket, and the heater is used for heating closed air and the extracts 12 in the inner container, so that cell sap of the extracts 12 to be separated out through wall breaking under the high-temperature high-pressure condition and is vaporized. Be equipped with cooling air cavity 11 on the diapire of lid 19, cooling fan 18 is located cooling air cavity 11, cooling air can make the upper portion of inner bag form the step-down district with the diapire 7 cooling of lid, the diapire is equipped with and is suitable for making the cell sap droplet of diapire condensation trickle fall to holding the cambered surface or the inclined plane in the cup, diapire 7 arches downwards, its minimum orthographic projection is in holding in the middle of the cup 3, gaseous cell sap meets the diapire after the condensation of cooling and adheres to on the diapire, and along the arc surface landing of diapire under the effect of dead weight and adhesion, the drippage is in holding the cup. The inner surface wall of the containing cup is a non-metal layer or the containing cup is made of a non-metal material, so that the possibility of heavy metal pollution caused by the contact of the extracted cell liquid drops with the metal material is prevented.
The air inlet of the cooling air cavity 11 is opened at the top of the cover body, the air outlet of the cooling air cavity is opened at the side wall of the cover body, and the direction of the arrow in the figure represents the airflow direction of the cooling air.
The bottom wall 7 of the cover is made of a non-metallic material, for example ceramic. Or the bottom wall comprises a metal inner layer and a nonmetal outer layer, wherein the nonmetal outer layer covers the opening of the inner container. The bottom of the housing is provided with feet 17.
The bottom of the inner container is connected with a negative pressure pipe, an electric drain valve 25 is arranged on the negative pressure pipe section, the tail end of the negative pressure pipe is connected with a tee joint, and a first branch of the tee joint is connected with a cooler and a vacuum pump 35; the second branch of the three-way valve is connected with a waste liquid storage tank 26 and a drain pipe 16 in sequence, and a valve switch 15 is arranged on the drain pipe. The cooler is used for cooling the high-temperature gas that will take out from the inner bag, it includes water tank 30, heat exchanger 29, the water tank is intake the side and is set up into water switch 27, water tank drainage side sets up drainage switch 28, the heat exchanger adopts tube sheet heat exchanger, heat transfer area is big, can accomplish the inside fluid of heat exchanger and the water heat exchange of water tank fast, fluid cooling in the heat exchanger rapidly, gas after the cooling is taken out by the vacuum pump, make the inside negative pressure that forms of inner bag, along with the continuous work of vacuum pump, can form the ultralow vacuum of ultimate vacuum 100Pa ~1000Pa in the inner bag. And the air of the inner container is cooled by the heat exchanger, so that the damage of the high-temperature air to the vacuum pump can be avoided. In order to detect the vacuum degree of the inner container (air exhaust end), a pressure gauge 31 is connected to a connecting pipeline of the vacuum pump, a pressure gauge switch 33 is connected to a gauge pipe 32, and the pressure gauge switch 33 is closed when the pressure gauge is overhauled. For the convenience of maintenance, pump valve switch 34 is connected at the side of admitting air of vacuum pump 35, and pump valve switch 34 conveniently overhauls the vacuum pump, and when many extraction element shared a vacuum pump, it can conveniently be controlled to connect pump valve switch in the front of the vacuum pump.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment is further improved on the basis of the first embodiment, and specifically, the bottom wall 7 of the cover body includes a central region and an outer annular region, the outer annular region is arched downward in an arc shape toward the central region, and the central region is arched upward in an arc shape to form an arch-shaped structure, the connecting contour line of the outer annular region and the central region is orthographically projected in the cup, and the structure also enables cellular fluid attached to the surface of the bottom wall to slide along the arc surface to the junction of the outer annular region and the central region, and then drop into the cup. The rest of the structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
EXAMPLE III
Referring to fig. 3, the present embodiment is a further improvement on the second embodiment, specifically, the cooling fan 18 is externally disposed, the air inlet and the air outlet of the cooling air cavity 11 are respectively opened on the side wall of the cover body, and the air inlet of the cooling air cavity is connected to the air outlet of the cooling fan 18 through the external air duct 6. The rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of the embodiment.
Example four
Referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment is a further improvement on the first embodiment, specifically, the cooling fan 18 is externally disposed, the air inlet and the air outlet of the cooling air cavity 11 are respectively opened on the side wall of the cover body, and the air inlet of the cooling air cavity is connected to the air outlet of the cooling fan 18 through the external air duct 6. The rest of the structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
EXAMPLE five
Referring to fig. 5, the present embodiment is a further improvement on the first embodiment, specifically, the cooling manner of the bottom wall of the lid body is changed to water cooling. The water cooling device includes a cooling water source (not shown), a pipe pump 26, a cooling water tank 21, and a circulation pipeline, where the cooling water source provides cooling water of less than 80 °, the pipe pump drives the cooling water to flow through the cooling water tank 21 and the circulation pipeline, the cooling water tank is disposed in the cover 19, a bottom plate of the cooling water tank is a bottom wall of the cover 19, and an arrow direction in the drawing indicates a flow direction of the cooling water. The cooling water temperature is lower than X-C, and the value range of X is 60-80, preferably 80. The rest of the structure of the present embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment.
EXAMPLE six
Referring to fig. 6, this embodiment is further improved on the basis of the fifth embodiment, and specifically, the bottom wall 7 of the cover body includes a central region and an outer annular region, the outer annular region is arched downward in an arc shape toward the central region, and the central region is arched upward in an arc shape to form an arch-shaped structure, the connecting contour line of the outer annular region and the central region is orthographically projected in the cup, and the structure also enables cellular fluid attached to the surface of the bottom wall to slide along the arc surface to the junction of the outer annular region and the central region, and then drop into the cup. The rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of the fifth embodiment.
EXAMPLE seven
Referring to fig. 7, the present embodiment is a further improvement on the sixth embodiment, specifically, the water cooling device is changed to a spraying cooling structure. The water cooling device comprises a pipeline pump 26, a sprayer 22 and a water collecting tank 23, the pipeline pump is used for extracting cooling water from the water collecting tank and conveying the cooling water to the sprayer, the sprayer is arranged above the bottom wall 7 of the cover body, the water collecting tank is annularly arranged below the bottom wall of the cover body, the cooling water sprayed on the bottom wall flows back to the water collecting tank, the temperature of the cooling water is lower than X-C, and the value range of X is 60-80, preferably 80. The remaining structure of this embodiment is the same as embodiment six.
Example eight
Referring to fig. 8, the present embodiment is a further improvement on the fifth embodiment, specifically, the water cooling device is changed to a spraying cooling structure. The water cooling device comprises a pipeline pump 6, a sprayer 22 and a water collecting tank 23, the pipeline pump is used for extracting cooling water from the water collecting tank and conveying the cooling water to the sprayer, the sprayer is arranged above the bottom wall 7 of the cover body, the water collecting tank is annularly arranged below the bottom wall of the cover body, the cooling water sprayed on the bottom wall flows back to the water collecting tank, the temperature of the cooling water is lower than X-C, and the value range of X is 60-80, preferably 80. The rest of the structure of this embodiment is the same as that of the fifth embodiment.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.
Claims (10)
1. A maca cell sap extraction method is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1) soaking for 3-5 hours at normal temperature until the dried extract to be extracted is swollen and saturated in water absorption; then heating at high temperature and high pressure: heating the extract in a closed container at high temperature and high pressure, wherein the heating temperature is 140-172 ℃, and the absolute pressure is 130-320 KPa, so that the wall of plant cells is broken, and the cell sap is vaporized;
s2) separating heavy metals and medicine residues at high temperature and negative pressure: cooling the local top of the container in an air cooling or water cooling mode, keeping the internal pressure of the container at 40-60 KPa, controlling the internal temperature of the container at 140-172 ℃, forming liquid drops on the top wall of the container by cell liquid and separating the liquid drops from carbon-containing heavy metal impurities and medicine residues, and collecting and discharging the separated waste liquid through a waste liquid tank;
s3) high-temperature negative-pressure cell sap extraction: starting a vacuum pump to reduce the pressure of the container to a vacuum value of 100-1000 Pa, controlling the temperature inside the container to be 135-169 ℃, continuously evaporating and separating cell sap in the container, and forming liquid drops on the top to fall into a containing cup inside the container;
s4) cooling and stabilizing by negative pressure: and cooling the top of the container in an air cooling or water cooling manner to reduce the pressure of the container to 100-1000 Pa, and controlling the temperature inside the container to be 130-163 ℃, so that the cell sap is purified and stabilized to form small molecular group cell sap.
2. A maca cell sap extraction element which characterized in that: the maca cell sap is prepared by the maca cell sap extraction method according to claim 1, the maca cell sap extraction device comprises a shell, an inner container, a cover body, a controller and a heater, the cover body is used for covering an opening at the upper end of the inner container, a sealing device is arranged between the cover body and the opening of the inner container, and the heater is used for heating closed air and an extract to be extracted in the inner container to break the wall of the cell sap to be extracted and separate out and vaporize the cell sap under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure; the cell liquid cooling device is characterized in that a cooling air cavity is formed in the bottom wall of the cover body, the cooling air can cool the bottom wall of the cover body, a containing cup is arranged in the inner container, the bottom wall is provided with an arc surface or an inclined surface which is suitable for enabling cell liquid drops condensed on the bottom wall to flow and fall into the containing cup, the inner surface wall of the containing cup is a non-metal layer, the inner container is provided with a negative pressure port, the negative pressure port is connected with a vacuum pump through a pipeline, a cooler is connected between the vacuum pump and the negative pressure port, and gas is pumped out by the vacuum pump after being cooled.
3. The maca cell sap extraction device of claim 2, wherein: the air inlet of the cooling air cavity is opened at the top of the cover body, and the air outlet of the cooling air cavity is opened at the side wall of the cover body.
4. The maca cell sap extraction device of claim 3, wherein: the heater is arranged on the outer side of the inner container, and the inner wall of the shell is provided with a heat insulation layer.
5. The maca cell sap extraction device of claim 4, wherein: the bottom wall comprises a central area and an outer ring area, the outer ring area is arched downwards in an arc mode towards the central area, the central area is arched upwards in an arc mode, and the orthographic projection of the connecting contour line of the outer ring area and the central area is arranged in the containing cup.
6. The maca cell sap extraction device of claim 5, wherein: the bottom wall of the cover body is made of a non-metal material.
7. The plant cell sap extraction apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the bottom wall comprises a metal inner layer and a nonmetal outer layer, and the nonmetal outer layer covers and seals the opening of the inner container.
8. The apparatus for extracting a plant cell sap as set forth in any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: the negative pressure port is arranged at the bottom of the inner container and is connected with a negative pressure pipe, the tail end of the negative pressure pipe is connected with a tee joint, and a first branch of the tee joint is connected with the cooler; the second branch of the tee joint is sequentially connected with a waste liquid storage tank and a drain pipe.
9. The plant cell sap extraction apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: an electric drain valve is arranged on the negative pressure pipe, and a valve switch is arranged on the drainage pipe.
10. The plant cell sap extraction apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: the connecting pipeline of the vacuum pump is connected with a pressure gauge, and the air inlet side of the vacuum pump is connected with a pump valve switch.
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