CN114106906A - Green environment-friendly wear-resistant antifriction lubricating oil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Green environment-friendly wear-resistant antifriction lubricating oil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114106906A CN114106906A CN202111183056.1A CN202111183056A CN114106906A CN 114106906 A CN114106906 A CN 114106906A CN 202111183056 A CN202111183056 A CN 202111183056A CN 114106906 A CN114106906 A CN 114106906A
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- ricinoleic acid
- lubricating oil
- acid
- diethanolamide
- acid diethanolamide
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- PDVQCPFKYPYROG-ZDKIGPTLSA-N (z,12r)-12-hydroxy-n,n-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)octadec-9-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)N(CCO)CCO PDVQCPFKYPYROG-ZDKIGPTLSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 36
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 16
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-toluenesulfonic acid Substances CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Brassidinsaeure Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erucic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O URXZXNYJPAJJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N erucic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O DPUOLQHDNGRHBS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005489 p-toluenesulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006061 abrasive grain Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 ricinoleic acid diethanol amide boric acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M139/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M127/00 - C10M137/00
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/02—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
- C07F5/04—Esters of boric acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
- C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2227/06—Organic compounds derived from inorganic acids or metal salts
- C10M2227/061—Esters derived from boron
- C10M2227/062—Cyclic esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/64—Environmental friendly compositions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a green environment-friendly wear-resistant antifriction lubricating oil and a preparation method thereof, wherein a green environment-friendly wear-resistant antifriction lubricating oil additive is prepared firstly, and then the additive and base oil are mixed by 80-99 parts by mass and ricinoleic acid diethanolamide is mixed by 3-8 parts by mass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating oil production, and particularly relates to green environment-friendly wear-resistant antifriction lubricating oil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The lubricating oil is a liquid or semisolid lubricating agent used on automobiles and mechanical equipment to reduce friction and protect machines and workpieces, the lubricating oil consists of base oil and additives, the base oil is a main component of the lubricating oil and determines the basic property of the lubricating oil, the base oil is mainly divided into three categories of mineral base oil, synthetic base oil and vegetable oil base oil, the mineral base oil, the synthetic base oil and the synthetic base oil have high nitrogen content and large pollutant discharge amount, and have great threat to environmental pollution, and the existing lubricating oil has unstable chemical performance and poor lubricating performance, can not resist high temperature and low temperature, can not be completely biodegraded, is easy to generate toxicity, and pollutes air and ecological environment. Meanwhile, the existing lubricating oil has high production cost and complex preparation process, and is not suitable for industrial production.
Therefore, how to provide a green environment-friendly anti-wear and anti-friction lubricating oil and a preparation method thereof, which are environmentally-friendly, can be completely degraded, do not pollute the environment and can effectively resist wear and reduce friction is a technical problem to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related technology to a certain extent, and provides the environment-friendly wear-resistant antifriction lubricating oil and the preparation method thereof, wherein the environment-friendly wear-resistant antifriction lubricating oil can be completely degraded, does not pollute the environment, and can effectively resist wear and reduce friction.
In view of the above, according to a first object of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing an environment-friendly anti-wear and anti-friction lubricating oil additive, comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing ricinoleic acid diethanolamide by a two-step method;
(2) heating and stirring the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide obtained in the step (1) and a water-carrying agent, and sequentially adding an acid catalyst and boric acid to perform an esterification reaction; and cooling to 70-80 ℃ to obtain the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate.
The ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate is a bright amber paste.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the preparation method of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide comprises the following steps:
(1) the molar ratio of ricinoleic acid to diethanol amine is 1: 0.7-0.9, and reacting at 130-150 ℃;
(2) and adding diethanolamine after the acid value is stable, and reacting for 3 hours at 80-90 ℃ to ensure that the total reaction molar ratio of the ricinoleic acid to the diethanolamine is 1: 1.2 to 1.4.
According to one embodiment of the invention, sodium hydroxide is used as a catalyst in the preparation method of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide, and the mass percent of the sodium hydroxide is 1% of the total mass of the system.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the boric acid is added in batches, and the molar ratio of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide to boric acid is 1.2-1.8: 1.
wherein boric acid is ground and sieved by a sieve of 80-140 meshes, and is slowly added in batches for multiple times.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the water-carrying agent is benzene or toluene.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the acidic catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid, and the molar percentage of the acidic catalyst is 0.5-2% of the total mass of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide and boric acid.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the esterification reaction is carried out at a temperature of 120-160 ℃ for 80-120 min under a micro-negative pressure of-0.03 MPa to-0.01 MPa.
According to the second object of the invention, the green environment-friendly anti-wear antifriction lubricating oil additive prepared by using any one of the methods is obtained.
According to the third object of the invention, the lubricating oil containing the green environment-friendly anti-wear and anti-friction lubricating oil additive has the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate accounting for 0.5-10% of the lubricating oil by mass percent.
Wherein the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate accounts for 0.5-2.5% of the mass percent of the lubricating oil.
According to one embodiment of the invention, further comprising a base oil and ricinoleic acid diethanolamide; wherein the mass part of the base oil is 80-99 parts; 3-8 parts of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide; the base oil is vegetable oil or first-grade low erucic acid rapeseed oil.
Through the technical scheme, the invention provides the environment-friendly wear-resistant antifriction lubricating oil and the preparation method thereof, and the environment-friendly wear-resistant antifriction lubricating oil has the following technical effects: the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate is bright in color and good in fluidity, can be completely degraded as an additive added into lubricating oil, is green and environment-friendly, does not pollute the environment, and can effectively resist wear and reduce friction.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Example 1
The preparation method of the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate comprises the following steps: the molar ratio is ricinoleic acid: diethanolamine = 1: 1.1, adding diethanolamine in two batches, wherein the proportion of the two times is 2: 1.
(1) adding ricinoleic acid into a flask, and heating to 150 ℃;
(2) slowly adding a first part of diethanolamine, keeping the temperature unchanged, and reacting for 6 hours;
(3) and (3) detecting that the acid value in the flask system is not obviously changed, cooling to 95 ℃, adding another part of diethanol amine and NaOH, reacting for 3 hours until the amine value in the reaction system is not reduced any more, and obtaining ricinoleic acid diethanol amide with the yield of 82%.
(4) Adding ricinoleic acid diethanolamide into a flask, heating to 150 ℃, slowly adding boric acid in batches for multiple times, wherein n (ricinoleic acid diethanolamide) and n (boric acid) are 1.6: 1, adding p-toluenesulfonic acid accounting for 1% of the total mass, and reacting for 100min to obtain the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate with the yield of 88%.
Example 2
The preparation method of the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate comprises the following steps: molar ratio ricinoleic acid: diethanolamine = 1: 1.2, adding diethanolamine in two batches, wherein the proportion of the two times is 2: 1.
(1) adding ricinoleic acid into a flask, and heating to 150 ℃;
(2) slowly adding a first part of diethanolamine, keeping the temperature unchanged, and reacting for 6 hours;
(3) and (3) detecting that the acid value in the flask system is not obviously changed, namely cooling to 95 ℃, adding another part of diethanol amine and NaOH, reacting for 3 hours until the amine value in the reaction system is not reduced any more, and obtaining ricinoleic acid diethanol amide with the yield of 89%.
(4) Adding ricinoleic acid diethanolamide into a flask, heating to 140 ℃, slowly adding boric acid in batches for multiple times, wherein n (ricinoleic acid diethanolamide) and n (boric acid) are 1.8: 1, adding p-toluenesulfonic acid accounting for 1% of the total mass, and reacting for 100min to obtain the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate with the yield of 92%.
Example 3
The preparation method of the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate comprises the following steps: molar ratio ricinoleic acid: diethanolamine = 1: 1.3, adding diethanolamine in two batches, wherein the proportion of the two times is 2: 1.
(1) adding ricinoleic acid into a flask, and heating to 140 ℃;
(2) slowly adding a first part of diethanolamine, keeping the temperature unchanged, and reacting for 6 hours;
(3) and (3) detecting that the acid value in the flask system is not obviously changed, namely cooling to 105 ℃, adding another part of diethanol amine and NaOH, reacting for 3 hours until the amine value in the reaction system is not reduced any more, and obtaining ricinoleic acid diethanol amide with the yield of 78%.
(4) Adding ricinoleic acid diethanolamide into a flask, heating to 130 ℃, slowly adding boric acid in batches for multiple times, wherein n (ricinoleic acid diethanolamide) and n (boric acid) are 1.6: 1, adding p-toluenesulfonic acid accounting for 1% of the total mass, and reacting for 120min to obtain the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate with the yield of 82%.
Example 4
The preparation method of the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate comprises the following steps: molar ratio ricinoleic acid: diethanolamine = 1: 1.3, adding diethanolamine in two batches, wherein the proportion of the two times is 3: 2.
(1) adding ricinoleic acid into a flask, and heating to 160 ℃;
(2) slowly adding a first part of diethanolamine, keeping the temperature unchanged, and reacting for 6 hours;
(3) and (3) detecting that the acid value in the flask system is not obviously changed, namely cooling to 95 ℃, adding another part of diethanol amine and NaOH, reacting for 3 hours until the amine value in the reaction system is not reduced any more, and obtaining ricinoleic acid diethanol amide with the yield of 91%.
(4) Adding ricinoleic acid diethanolamide into a flask, heating to 150 ℃, slowly adding boric acid in batches for multiple times, wherein n (ricinoleic acid diethanolamide) and n (boric acid) are 1.4: 1, adding p-toluenesulfonic acid accounting for 1% of the total mass, and reacting for 100min to obtain the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate with the yield of 95%.
The product performance of the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate in the examples 1 to 4 is detected as follows:
| additive agent | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 |
| Appearance of the product | Reddish brown color | Reddish brown color | Reddish brown color | Dark red color |
| Fluidity of the resin | Viscous liquid with good fluidity | Viscous liquid with good fluidity | Viscous liquid with best fluidity | Viscous paste, poor fluidity |
| Oil solubility | Good effect | Good effect | Good effect | In general |
| WSD（394N，30min） | 0.65 | 0.55 | 0.60 | 0.68 |
| Coefficient of friction (load: 394N) | 0.050 | 0.043 | 0.047 | 0.051 |
| PB（N） | 680 | 870 | 820 | 790 |
Example 5
59.692g of ricinoleic acid is added into a flask, the flask is heated to 150 ℃, 15.14g of diethanol amine is added into the flask, the flask is roasted in a three-port mode, simultaneously condensed water is turned on, the switch of a magnetic stirrer is turned on, the reaction temperature is kept at 150 ℃, and the reaction is stopped after 6 hours of reaction. Reducing the reaction temperature to 95 ℃, then adding 7.57g of diethanolamine and 0.82g of sodium hydroxide as a catalyst, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃, and continuing the reaction for 3 hours to obtain ricinoleic acid diethanolamide with the yield of 89%; adding a certain amount of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide and boric acid into a three-neck flask provided with a water separator, a thermometer and a condenser, keeping the temperature at 140 ℃ and reacting for 100min to obtain the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate, wherein n (ricinoleic acid diethanolamide) and n (boric acid) are 1.8: 1, the yield is 92%, and the product is bright in color, amber, good in fluidity and best in solubility in base oil.
Example 6
59.692g of ricinoleic acid is added into a flask, the flask is heated to 140 ℃, 15.14g of diethanolamine is added into the flask, the flask is roasted in a three-port mode, simultaneously, condensed water is turned on, a magnetic stirrer is switched on and off, the reaction temperature is kept at 140 ℃, and the reaction is stopped after 6 hours. Reducing the reaction temperature to 95 ℃, then adding 7.57g of diethanolamine and 0.82g of sodium hydroxide as a catalyst, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃, and continuing the reaction for 3 hours to obtain ricinoleic acid diethanolamide with the yield of 80%; adding a certain amount of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide and boric acid into a three-neck flask provided with a water separator, a thermometer and a condenser, keeping the temperature at 130 ℃ and reacting for 120min to obtain the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate, wherein n (ricinoleic acid diethanolamide) and n (boric acid) are 1.0: 1, the yield is 85%, the product is bright and good in fluidity, fine particles can be seen, and the solubility in base oil is general.
Comparative example 1
59.692g of ricinoleic acid is added into a flask, the flask is heated to 140 ℃, 15.14g of diethanolamine is added into the flask, the flask is roasted in a three-port mode, simultaneously, condensed water is turned on, a magnetic stirrer is switched on and off, the reaction temperature is kept at 140 ℃, and the reaction is stopped after 6 hours. Reducing the reaction temperature to 95 ℃, then adding 7.57g of diethanolamine and 0.82g of sodium hydroxide as a catalyst, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃, and continuing the reaction for 3 hours to obtain ricinoleic acid diethanolamide with the yield of 80%; adding a certain amount of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide and boric acid into a three-neck flask provided with a water separator, a thermometer and a condenser, keeping the temperature at 140 ℃ and reacting for 120min to obtain the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate with the yield of 75%, wherein the product is black brown, very viscous and extremely poor in fluidity, and thus, fine unreacted boric acid particles are observed, and the solubility of the boric acid particles in base oil is general. Therefore, the proportion of the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide to the boric acid is changed, so that the yield of the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate is influenced, and the quality of the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate is greatly influenced.
Comparative example 2
59.692g of ricinoleic acid is added into a flask, the flask is heated to 140 ℃, 15.14g of diethanolamine is added into the flask, the flask is roasted in a three-port mode, simultaneously, condensed water is turned on, a magnetic stirrer is switched on and off, the reaction temperature is kept at 140 ℃, and the reaction is stopped after 6 hours. Reducing the reaction temperature to 95 ℃, then adding 7.57g of diethanolamine and 0.82g of sodium hydroxide as a catalyst, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃, and continuing the reaction for 3 hours to obtain ricinoleic acid diethanolamide with the yield of 80%; adding a certain amount of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide and boric acid into a three-neck flask provided with a water separator, a thermometer and a condenser, keeping the temperature at 170 ℃ and reacting for 60min to obtain the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate, wherein n (ricinoleic acid diethanolamide) and n (boric acid) are 1.8: 1, the yield is 90%, the product is grey brown, is pasty at normal temperature and has poor solubility in base oil. The reaction temperature of the cover plate in the comparative example makes the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate poor in performance and solubility.
Example 7
And (3) an anti-wear test: the lubricating oil additive is mostly based on mineral oil base oil, ricinoleic acid diethanol amide boric acid ester is synthesized by using vegetable oil, is green and degradable, and does not pollute the environment, so rapeseed oil is selected as the base oil to carry out an anti-wear and anti-friction experiment, and a four-ball inspection machine is used for testing the wear-scar diameter and the friction coefficient of a friction steel ball. The borate product of the reaction condition of example 2 was added to the base oil at 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0% by mass, and the experimental data were as follows:
| mass fraction/% | Abrasive grain diameter/mm | Coefficient of friction |
| 0.5 | 0.698 | 0.068 |
| 1.0 | 0.650 | 0.061 |
| 2.0 | 0.612 | 0.049 |
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing an environment-friendly wear-resistant antifriction lubricating oil additive is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing ricinoleic acid diethanolamide by a two-step method;
(2) heating and stirring the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide obtained in the step (1) and a water-carrying agent, and sequentially adding an acid catalyst and boric acid to perform an esterification reaction; and cooling to 70-80 ℃ to obtain the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide comprises the following steps:
(1) the molar ratio of ricinoleic acid to diethanol amine is 1: 0.7-0.9, and reacting at 130-150 ℃;
(2) and adding diethanolamine after the acid value is stable, and reacting for 3 hours at 80-90 ℃ to ensure that the total reaction molar ratio of the ricinoleic acid to the diethanolamine is 1: 1.2 to 1.4.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein sodium hydroxide is used as a catalyst in the preparation method of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide, and the mass percent of the sodium hydroxide is 1% of the total mass of the system.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the boric acid is added in batches, and the molar ratio of the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide to the boric acid is 1.2-1.8: 1.
5. the method of claim 1, wherein the water-carrying agent is benzene or toluene.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acidic catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid, and the molar percentage of the acidic catalyst is 0.5-2% of the total mass of ricinoleic diethanolamide and boric acid.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the esterification reaction is carried out at a temperature of 120-160 ℃ for 80-120 min under a micro-negative pressure of-0.03 to-0.01 MPa.
8. An environment-friendly anti-wear and anti-friction lubricating oil additive prepared by the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The lubricating oil containing the green environment-friendly anti-wear and anti-friction lubricating oil additive of claim 8 is characterized in that the ricinoleic acid diethanolamide borate accounts for 0.5-10% of the lubricating oil by mass percent.
10. The lubricating oil of claim 9, further comprising a base oil and ricinoleic acid diethanolamide; wherein the mass part of the base oil is 80-99 parts; 3-8 parts of ricinoleic acid diethanolamide; the base oil is vegetable oil or first-grade low erucic acid rapeseed oil.
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