CN114103159A - Forming die and method for high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent radome - Google Patents
Forming die and method for high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent radome Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
- B29C70/345—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using matched moulds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/10—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor with incorporated venting means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/30—Mounting, exchanging or centering
- B29C33/305—Mounting of moulds or mould support plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
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Abstract
The invention provides a forming die and a forming method of a high-precision thin-shell structure composite wave-transparent radome. The molding method comprises the following steps: 1) preparing a forming die; 2) paving a composite material for the antenna housing on the inner surface of the female die corresponding to the molding cavity; placing a male die in the female die, and placing a thermal expansion core die in the male die; 3) heating, pressurizing and curing; 4) cooling and taking out; and taking out the hot expansion core mold, and demolding. The invention can effectively improve the compactness and uniformity of the antenna housing product by arranging the male die formed by combining the multi-lobe male die units and combining the thermal expansion core die to increase the die closing auxiliary pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forming molds of antenna covers, and particularly relates to a forming mold and a forming method of a high-precision thin-shell structure composite wave-transparent antenna cover.
Background
A radome is a component that protects the antenna system from the external environment. The antenna cover has good wave-transmitting performance on the aspect of electrical performance, and the wave-transmitting performance of the antenna cover has a great relationship with the uniformity, the compactness and the like of the material and the thickness of a product.
In the prior art, there are generally two types of antenna covers: one is vacuum bag pressing, which uses a single mold (generally a male mold) and is assisted by vacuum bag pressing, and then the mold is put into an oven for curing and forming. The mould of this kind of forming method simple structure, but unevenness's phenomenon can appear in the product surface that the vacuum bag pressed the preparation, and the later stage needs a large amount of manual works to polish, and the wall thickness that finally leads to the product is very inhomogeneous, and the closely knit nature is poor, has seriously influenced the wave permeability of antenna house, and the product uniformity that the manual work was polished out moreover is very poor, and the manual work is polished the in-process and can be produced a large amount of dusts and not environmental protection yet.
The other is a hot-pressing forming method, which adopts the structural form of a female die, a male die and a positioning ring, then the female die, the male die and the positioning ring are placed on a hot press for heating and pressurizing, and finally the die is removed. As described in patent 201910587003.2, the inner and outer surfaces of a product manufactured by the mold in the structural form are smooth, and only a small amount of manual polishing is needed at the later stage, but the product molded by the mold in the structural form has only vertical downward pressure, no lateral pressure, poor side compactness, and different thicknesses of the bottom and the side walls of the manufactured product, so that the electrical performance of the radome is affected; secondly, because the female die and the male die have positioning rings, the positioning fit between the female die and the male die has accumulated tolerance, the precision is not high, and the uniformity of the wall thickness of a product is influenced again; thirdly, a large number of screw connection parts are designed in the process of assembling and demolding the die in the structural form, so that the efficiency is not high in the actual production process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects and shortcomings in the background technology and providing a forming die and a forming method for a high-precision thin-shell structure composite wave-transparent radome.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a forming die of high accuracy thin shell structure combined material wave-transparent radome, is including bed die and the formpiston of mutually supporting, be equipped with the one-tenth die cavity that is used for shaping radome product between bed die and the formpiston, the formpiston is shell structure and is formed by the combination of multilobe formpiston unit, the cooperation is provided with the thermal expansion mandrel in the formpiston, the thermal expansion mandrel expands and can extrude after being heated the formpiston.
Further, the material of the thermal expansion core mould is silicon rubber, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the silicon rubber is 5.6 multiplied by 10-4/℃～8.0×10-4/℃。
Furthermore, the female die is made of steel, the male die is made of aluminum alloy, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the aluminum alloy is 1.88 multiplied by 10-5/℃～2.36×10-5/℃。
Furthermore, a circle of outwards extending installation edge I is integrally formed at the opening of the female die outside the forming cavity, a circle of outwards extending installation edge II is integrally formed on the male die corresponding to the installation edge I, an inclined opening which is matched with the installation edge II in a positioning mode is formed in the installation edge I, and the installation edge I is in direct contact connection with the installation edge II.
Further, the angle of the bevel opening is 130-150 degrees.
Furthermore, the bottom of the female die is provided with a demolding air blowing hole communicated with the molding cavity and the outside of the female die, and a detachable demolding air blowing plug is arranged in the demolding air blowing hole.
Furthermore, the structure of the molded surface of the molding cavity, the molded surface of the male mold and the molded surface of the thermal expansion core mold is consistent.
Further, the male die is formed by combining three male die units; one end of the male die, which is far away from the female die, is opened; the female die is of a cylindrical structure.
As a general inventive concept, the invention also provides a method for molding the high-precision thin-shell structure composite wave-transparent radome, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a forming die of the high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent radome;
2) paving a composite material for the antenna housing on the inner surface of the female die corresponding to the molding cavity; then, a male die is placed in the female die, and then a thermal expansion core die is placed in the male die;
3) placing the forming die coated with the composite material for the antenna housing in the step 2) in a hot press for heating, pressurizing and curing, and preserving heat when the curing temperature is reached;
4) then cooling, and taking the forming die out of the hot press after the temperature of the forming die is cooled to 25-30 ℃; and taking out the thermal expansion core mold, and demolding to separate the antenna housing product from the female mold and the male mold.
Further, in step 2), the composite material for the radome is a glass fiber reinforced resin-based composite material, the glass fiber in the glass fiber reinforced resin-based composite material comprises at least one of E-glass fiber, S-glass fiber, D-glass fiber and quartz glass fiber, and the resin in the glass fiber reinforced resin-based composite material comprises at least one of epoxy resin, cyanate ester resin and modified cyanate ester resin;
the specific laying method of the composite material for the antenna housing comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a female die, coating a release agent, and preheating to 30-40 ℃; then cutting a plurality of layers (generally 8-15 layers) of composite materials for the antenna housing according to the size of the inner cavity of the female die; then, sequentially and integrally paving the cut composite material for the antenna housing on the inner surface of the female die, and compacting and flattening by using a scraper plate when one layer is paved;
in the step 3), when heating, pressurizing and curing are carried out, the pressure value is 3-10 MPa, the curing temperature is 90-200 ℃, the temperature rising speed is 3-10 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 30-90 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention can effectively improve the compactness and uniformity of the antenna housing product by arranging the male die formed by combining the multi-lobe male die units and combining the thermal expansion core die to increase the die closing auxiliary pressure.
2) The thermal expansion core mold is made of silicon rubber, the male mold is made of aluminum alloy, the thermal expansion coefficients of the silicon rubber and the male mold are appropriate, the silicon rubber and the male mold are matched with each other, mold closing is convenient, fine mold closing can be achieved, and expansion pressure can be effectively guaranteed to act on a product in the process of forming an antenna housing product.
3) The invention cancels the demoulding ring and the demoulding screw, simplifies the assembly and demoulding procedures of the mould and improves the production efficiency by arranging the demoulding air hole.
4) The invention simplifies the positioning mode of the female die and the male die, ensures that the female die and the male die are in direct contact fit, eliminates the accumulated tolerance and improves the thickness uniformity of the radome product.
5) The forming method is easy to operate, and by combining the die, the wave-transmitting radome made of the high-precision composite material with the thin shell structure, which is prepared by the forming method, has the wave-transmitting rate (insertion loss) which can be improved by about 5 percent by selecting a proper composite material for radomes and an optimized heating and pressurizing curing process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an assembled three-dimensional explosion schematic diagram of a forming die of a high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent antenna cover;
FIG. 2 is a schematic assembly structure diagram of a forming die of a high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent radome;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent radome when a radome product is manufactured by using a forming die;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a female mold;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the male mold;
FIG. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a mold release blow plug;
illustration of the drawings:
1. a female die; 11. demoulding and air blowing holes; 12. demoulding and blowing the plug; 13. installing a first edge; 14. a bevel opening; 2. a male mold; 21. a male die unit; 22. mounting a second edge; 3. a molding cavity; 4. a thermal expansion mandrel; 5. a radome product.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the forming mold of the high-precision thin-shell structure composite wave-transparent radome in the embodiment includes a female mold 1 and a male mold 2 which are matched with each other, a forming cavity 3 for forming a radome product 5 is arranged between the female mold 1 and the male mold 2, the male mold 2 is a shell structure and is formed by combining a multi-petal male mold unit 21, a thermal expansion core mold 4 is arranged in the male mold 2 in a matching manner, and the thermal expansion core mold 4 expands after being heated and can extrude the male mold 2.
In this embodiment, the inner surface of the female mold 1 corresponding to the molding cavity 3 is used for molding the outer surface of the radome product 5, and the outer surface of the male mold 2 corresponding to the molding cavity 3 is used for molding the inner surface of the radome product 5. Because the male die 2 is designed into a multi-lobe combined form, and the multi-lobe male die units 21 are mutually independent, in the forming process of the radome product 5, the thermal expansion core die 4 expands after being heated so as to uniformly extrude each male die unit 21 towards the forming cavity 3 (radome product 5), thereby generating die assembly auxiliary pressure and increasing the compactness of the radome product 5.
Meanwhile, the male die 2 is formed by combining a plurality of male die units 21, so that the die assembly is facilitated and the thickness of a finished product is ensured. The concrete expression is as follows: the required thickness of final product (antenna housing product 5) is certain (for example, 2mm), but in order to guarantee the compactness of product in the actual forming process, the thickness before the product shaping solidification (after laying and applying the completion) must be greater than the required thickness (greater than 2mm) of antenna housing product 5, needs certain compression capacity, consequently needs to lay 2.22 ~ 2.35mm thick combined material for the antenna housing in the shaping chamber 3 inside. In this case, if the female mold 1 and the male mold 2 are both of an integral structure, the mold closing is difficult during mold closing, and other phenomena such as pulling deformation and displacement of the laid composite material occur, so that a great adverse effect is caused on the quality of the obtained final product (the radome product 5). The male die 2 is designed into a multi-lobe structure, so that the die assembly is convenient, the thickness of a final product can be effectively ensured, and the die stripping is convenient.
In this embodiment, the thermal expansion core mold 4 is made of silicon rubber (high temperature resistant silicon rubber) having a thermal expansion coefficient of 5.6 × 10-4/℃～8.0×10-4V. C. The silicon rubber can expand when being heated, has proper thermal expansion performance, and can effectively increase the compactness of the antenna housing product 5.
In this embodiment, the female die 1 is made of steel, the male die 2 is made of aluminum alloy, and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the aluminum alloy is 1.88 × 10-5/℃～2.36×10-5V. C. The expansion coefficient of the aluminum alloy is larger than that of the antenna housing product 5, so that the aluminum alloy is added in the forming processThe hot in-process provides auxiliary pressure through the expansion characteristic of aluminum alloy, increases the compactness of antenna house product 5, and in addition, after the cooling, the formpiston 2 can carry out the volume shrinkage because of the expansion characteristic of aluminum alloy, and antenna house product 5 can be very easily separated from formpiston 2 like this, has improved drawing of patterns efficiency.
In the embodiment, the thermal expansion coefficient of the silicon rubber is far greater than that of the aluminum alloy, in the heating process, the thermal expansion core die 4 (silicon rubber) is preferentially expanded when being heated initially (50-70 ℃), and can play a role in die assembly at first, namely, a multi-piece male die unit 21 (three pieces of aluminum alloy) is extruded into a whole, and the inclined plane of each piece of male die unit 21 is extruded to be matched with the inclined plane of the female die 1 preliminarily; when the mold is heated in the middle period (for example, 70-100 ℃), the male mold 2 (aluminum alloy) and the thermal expansion core mold 4 (silicon rubber) begin to expand together, and the expansion of the male mold 2 mainly plays a role in more fine mold closing, so that the multi-lobe male mold unit 21 is better matched in an extrusion manner, and the inclined plane of the male mold unit and the inclined plane of the female mold 1 are more tightly matched in an extrusion manner; and at the last heating stage (for example, 100-200 ℃), the expansion of the thermal expansion core mould 4 (silicon rubber) reaches a higher value, the purpose of pressurization is mainly achieved, and because the thermal expansion coefficient of the silicon rubber is larger than that of the aluminum alloy, the male mould 2 (aluminum alloy) can only expand towards the forming cavity 3, so that the expansion pressure is furthest ensured to act on the product.
In this embodiment, the female die 1 and the male die 2 are in direct contact and are matched, a circle of first mounting edge 13 extending outwards is integrally formed at an opening of the female die 1 outside the forming cavity 3, a circle of second mounting edge 22 extending outwards is integrally formed on the male die 2 corresponding to the first mounting edge 13, an inclined opening 14 in positioning fit with the second mounting edge 22 is formed in the first mounting edge 13, and the first mounting edge 13 is in direct contact and connection with the second mounting edge 22. The angle of the bevel 14 is 130-150 degrees. Wherein the vertical distance between the surface of the bevel 14 and the axial lead of the female die 1 increases from the extension direction of the female die 1 to the male die 2. Carry out direct contact location cooperation through the bevel connection 14 of taking the angle between bed die 1 and formpiston 2, can cancel traditional holding ring, simplify the locate mode of bed die 1 and formpiston 2, improve the location cooperation precision, can eliminate accumulative tolerance simultaneously, improve the homogeneity of antenna house product 5 thickness, in addition, take the cooperation of angle to make things convenient for the mould drawing of patterns, improve production efficiency.
In the embodiment, the bottom of the female die 1 is provided with a demoulding blowing hole 11 for communicating the forming cavity 3 with the outside of the female die 1, and a detachable demoulding blowing plug 12 is arranged in the demoulding blowing hole 11; the demoulding blowing plug 12 is in threaded connection with the demoulding blowing hole 11. Through setting up drawing of patterns gas hole 11, can cancel drawing of patterns circle, drawing of patterns screw, before the shaping of antenna house product 5, in drawing of patterns gas hole 11 is installed into to drawing of patterns gas end cap 12, when needs drawing of patterns, will drawing of patterns gas end cap 12 and dismantle, then will blow equipment and be connected to drawing of patterns gas hole 11 and can realize the drawing of patterns, simplify the equipment and the drawing of patterns process of mould, improved production efficiency. The demoulding and blowing plug 12 is in threaded connection with the demoulding and blowing hole 11, so that the mounting and the dismounting are convenient, and the operation is convenient.
In the embodiment, the structures of the molded surface of the molding cavity 3, the molded surface of the male mold 2 and the molded surface of the thermal expansion core mold 4 are consistent and are matched with the shape of the antenna housing product 5, so that the uniformity of heating and pressure is ensured to the greatest extent, and the size precision of the product is improved.
In the present embodiment, the male mold 2 is formed by combining three male mold units 21; the arc surface angle of each male die unit 21 is 120 degrees +/-0.2 degrees; i.e. the configuration of each male mould unit 21 is identical. The male die 2 is designed into a three-petal combined form, so that the assembly and the demoulding of the die are greatly facilitated, and the uniform and stable compression can be facilitated.
The end of the male mold 2 remote from the female mold 1 is open to facilitate installation and removal of the thermal expansion core mold 4 by setting. The female die 1 is of a cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical female die 1 is more stable in structure and convenient to operate.
Example 2:
a method for forming a high-precision thin-shell structure composite wave-transparent radome comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps of preparing a forming die of the high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent radome in embodiment 1, wherein the thickness of the radome after forming is 1.84-1.90 mm.
2) Before molding: firstly screwing the demoulding blowing plug 12 into the demoulding blowing hole 11; then, a composite material for an antenna housing is laid on the inner surface of the female die 1 corresponding to the molding cavity 3, and then the male die 2 (the male die 2 is made of aluminum alloy, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the aluminum alloy is 2.36 multiplied by 10) is placed on the basis of the bevel 14 with an angle-5/° c) is placed in the female mold 1, and a thermal expansion core mold 4 (thermal expansion coefficient of silicone rubber is 5.6 × 10)-4/° c) is placed inside the male mold 2.
The specific laying method of the composite material for the antenna housing comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a female die 1, coating a release agent, and then preheating to 40 ℃; cutting 11 layers of quartz fiber/cyanate resin prepreg (the single-layer thickness is 0.2mm) according to the size of the inner cavity of the female die 1; and then, sequentially and integrally paving the cut prepregs on the inner surface of the female die 1, and paying attention to the fact that each paving layer needs to be compacted and flattened by a scraper.
3) And (3) curing a product: placing the molding die coated with the composite material for the antenna housing in the step 2) in a hot press for heating, pressurizing and curing, wherein the pressure value is set to be 5MPa, the curing temperature is set to be 170 ℃, and the temperature rising speed is 5 ℃/min; when the bevel 14 of the male die 2 and the female die 1 are completely contacted, the surface die assembly is completed. When the temperature of the mold rises to 170 ℃, the male mold 2 and the thermal expansion core mold 4 thermally expand along with the rise of the temperature so as to generate auxiliary pressure on the product, and finally the temperature is kept for 60 min.
4) Demoulding of the product: then cooling, and taking out the forming die from the hot press after the temperature of the forming die is cooled to 25-30 ℃; the demoulding blowing plug 12 is detached from the demoulding blowing hole 11; taking out the thermal expansion core mold 4, connecting a demolding air blowing hole 11 with an air blowing device to perform air blowing demolding on the mold, and separating the radome product 5 from the female mold 1 and the male mold 2 by blowing the mold; and finally, taking out the male die 2 and the antenna housing product 5, and demoulding.
5) And cutting off redundant flashes of the demolded product, and then polishing the demolding agent on the surface of the product clean by using abrasive paper.
6) After detection, the thickness of the molded antenna housing product is 1.86mm, the measuring instrument is a thickness gauge, the measuring method is that the thickness of any 5 positions of the antenna housing is measured randomly by the thickness gauge, then the average value is obtained, and the measuring result is shown in table 1.
Table 1 radome product thickness detection data table
7) The wave transmission rate (insertion loss) of the antenna housing is tested according to a test standard GJB7954-2012 radar wave transmission material wave transmission rate test method, main instruments for testing comprise an Agilent N5245B vector network analyzer, a computer and an antenna housing support, and the wave transmission rate (insertion loss) of the antenna housing at 35.2-35.4 GHz is tested and calculated as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 wave-transparent rate (insertion loss) of the antenna cover product obtained in example 2 at 35.2 to 35.4GHz
Example 3:
a method for forming a high-precision thin-shell structure composite wave-transparent radome comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps of preparing a forming die of the high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent radome in embodiment 1, wherein the thickness of the radome after forming is 1.84-1.90 mm.
2) Before molding: firstly screwing the demoulding blowing plug 12 into the demoulding blowing hole 11; then, paving a composite material for the antenna housing on the inner surface of the female die 1 corresponding to the molding cavity 3; then, the aluminum alloy male die 2 (the coefficient of thermal expansion of the aluminum alloy is 2.36X 10) is formed by using the beveled opening 14 with an angle as a reference-5/° c) is placed in the female mold 1, and a thermal expansion core mold 4 (thermal expansion coefficient of silicone rubber is 5.6 × 10)-4/° c) is placed inside the male mold 2.
The specific laying method of the composite material for the wire cover comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a female die 1, coating a release agent, and then preheating to 40 ℃; cutting 12 layers of E-glass fiber/epoxy resin prepreg (the single-layer thickness is 0.18mm) according to the size of the inner cavity of the female die 1; and then, sequentially and integrally paving the cut prepregs on the inner surface of the female die 1, and paying attention to the fact that each paving layer needs to be compacted and flattened by a scraper.
3) And (3) curing a product: and (3) placing the forming die coated with the composite material for the antenna housing in the step 2) in a hot press for heating, pressurizing and curing, setting the pressure value to be 3MPa, setting the curing temperature to be 130 ℃, and setting the temperature rise speed to be 3 ℃/min, and finishing the mold closing after the bevel mouths 14 of the male mold 2 and the female mold 1 are completely contacted. When the temperature of the mold rises to 130 ℃, the male mold 2 and the thermal expansion core mold 4 thermally expand along with the rise of the temperature so as to generate auxiliary pressure on the product, and finally the temperature is kept for 60 min.
4) Demoulding of the product: then cooling, and taking out the forming die from the hot press after the temperature of the forming die is cooled to 25-30 ℃; the demoulding blowing plug 12 is detached from the demoulding blowing hole 11; taking out the thermal expansion core mold 4, connecting a demolding air blowing hole 11 with an air blowing device to perform air blowing demolding on the mold, and separating the radome product 5 from the female mold 1 and the male mold 2 by blowing the mold; and finally, taking out the male die 2 and the antenna housing product 5, and demoulding.
5) And cutting off redundant flashes of the demolded product, and then polishing the demolding agent on the surface of the product clean by using abrasive paper.
6) After detection, the thickness of the molded antenna housing product is 1.84mm, the measuring instrument is a thickness gauge, the measuring method is that the thickness of any 5 positions of the antenna housing is measured randomly by the thickness gauge, then the average value is obtained, and the measuring result is shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 radome product thickness detection data sheet
7) The wave transmission rate (insertion loss) of the antenna housing is tested according to a test standard GJB7954-2012 radar wave transmission material wave transmission rate test method, main instruments for testing comprise an Agilent N5245B vector network analyzer, a computer and an antenna housing support, and the wave transmission rate (insertion loss) of the antenna housing at 35.2-35.4 GHz is tested and calculated and is shown in table 4.
TABLE 4 wave-transparent rate (insertion loss) of the antenna housing product obtained in example 3 at 35.2-35.4 GHz
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a forming die of high accuracy thin shell structure combined material wave-transparent radome, its characterized in that, includes bed die (1) and formpiston (2) of mutually supporting, be equipped with between bed die (1) and formpiston (2) and be used for shaping radome product (5) shaping chamber (3), formpiston (2) are shell structure and are formed by the combination of multilobe formpiston unit (21), formpiston (2) fit in is provided with thermal expansion mandrel (4), thermal expansion mandrel (4) are expanded and can extrude after being heated formpiston (2).
2. The forming die of the high-precision thin-shell structure composite wave-transparent radome of claim 1, wherein the material of the thermal expansion core die (4) is silicon rubber, and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the silicon rubber is 5.6 x 10-4/℃～8.0×10-4/℃。
3. The forming die of the high-precision thin-shell structure composite wave-transparent radome of claim 1, wherein the female die (1) is made of steel, the male die (2) is made of aluminum alloy, and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the aluminum alloy is 1.88 x 10-5/℃～2.36×10-5/℃。
4. The forming die of the high-precision wave-transparent radome with the thin shell structure and the composite material according to claim 1, wherein a circle of first outwardly extending mounting edge (13) is integrally formed at an opening of the female die (1) outside the forming cavity (3), a circle of second outwardly extending mounting edge (22) is integrally formed on the male die (2) corresponding to the first mounting edge (13), an inclined opening (14) which is matched with the second mounting edge (22) in a positioning mode is formed in the first mounting edge (13), and the first mounting edge (13) is in direct contact connection with the second mounting edge (22).
5. The forming die for the high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent radome of claim 4 is characterized in that the angle of the bevel opening (14) is 130-150 degrees.
6. The forming die of the high-precision thin-shell structure composite wave-transparent radome of any one of claims 1-5, wherein a demolding blowing hole (11) communicating the forming cavity (3) and the exterior of the female die (1) is formed in the bottom of the female die (1), and a detachable demolding blowing plug (12) is arranged in the demolding blowing hole (11).
7. The forming die of the high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent radome of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the structures of the forming surface of the forming cavity (3), the forming surface of the male die (2) and the forming surface of the thermal expansion core die (4) are consistent.
8. The forming die of the high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent radome is characterized in that the male die (2) is formed by combining three male die units (21); one end of the male die (2) far away from the female die (1) is opened; the female die (1) is of a cylindrical structure.
9. A method for forming a high-precision thin-shell structure composite wave-transparent radome is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparing a forming die of the high-precision thin-shell structure composite material wave-transparent radome according to any one of claims 1-8;
2) paving a composite material for the antenna housing on the inner surface of the female die (1) corresponding to the molding cavity (3); then, a male die (2) is placed in the female die (1), and then a thermal expansion core die (4) is placed in the male die (2);
3) placing the forming die coated with the composite material for the antenna housing in the step 2) in a hot press for heating, pressurizing and curing, and preserving heat when the curing temperature is reached;
4) then cooling, and taking the forming die out of the hot press after the temperature of the forming die is cooled to 25-30 ℃; and taking out the hot expansion core mold (4), and demolding to separate the antenna housing product (5) from the female mold (1) and the male mold (2).
10. The molding method according to claim 9, wherein in step 2), the composite material for the radome is a glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material, the glass fiber in the glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material comprises at least one of E-glass fiber, S-glass fiber, D-glass fiber and quartz glass fiber, and the resin in the glass fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material comprises at least one of epoxy resin, cyanate ester resin and modified cyanate ester resin;
the specific laying method of the composite material for the antenna housing comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a female die (1), coating a release agent, and preheating to 30-40 ℃; then cutting the composite material for the multilayer radome according to the size of the inner cavity of the female die (1); then, the cut composite material for the antenna housing is sequentially and integrally laid on the inner surface of the female die (1), and each layer is compacted and flattened by a scraper blade;
in the step 3), when heating, pressurizing and curing are carried out, the pressure value is 3-10 MPa, the curing temperature is 90-200 ℃, the temperature rising speed is 3-10 ℃/min, and the heat preservation time is 30-90 min.
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| CN117681465A (en) * | 2024-02-02 | 2024-03-12 | 哈尔滨远驰航空装备有限公司 | Aviation reinforced stringer and integral forming method thereof |
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