CN114101616B - Full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting equipment and negative pressure casting process - Google Patents
Full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting equipment and negative pressure casting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114101616B CN114101616B CN202111393873.XA CN202111393873A CN114101616B CN 114101616 B CN114101616 B CN 114101616B CN 202111393873 A CN202111393873 A CN 202111393873A CN 114101616 B CN114101616 B CN 114101616B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/103—Distributing the molten metal, e.g. using runners, floats, distributors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/14—Plants for continuous casting
- B22D11/147—Multi-strand plants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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Abstract
The invention relates to full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting equipment and a negative pressure casting process, wherein the equipment comprises a casting unit, a round ingot supporting platform, a moving trolley, a lifting device, a lifting flow channel, a soft flow channel, a fixed flow channel, a liquid level detection instrument, a lifting flashboard, an aluminum water collecting device and the like, wherein the casting unit comprises: the movable trolley carries the casting unit to a casting station, the lifting device lifts the round ingot carrying platform to a casting starting position, aluminum water enters the casting unit through the fixed runner, the soft runner and the lifting runner, the lifting runner and the lifting mechanism on the movable trolley drive the casting unit to lift synchronously, a siphon effect is formed, stable casting is started, and the number of the casting units can be increased or decreased according to requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting forming equipment, in particular to full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting equipment and a negative pressure casting process.
Background
Most of the aluminum round ingot casting is direct pouring type casting, and after the aluminum leakage phenomenon occurs, the leakage amount of aluminum water is large, so that safety accidents are easily caused; the casting mould is generally open, and the molten aluminum is in direct contact with the outside air, so that trace elements in the air are easily brought into an aluminum ingot to influence the quality of a casting; the aluminum round ingot is directly cleaned and maintained at the edge of the casting well after being cast, and has larger potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant provides a full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting device and a negative pressure casting process aiming at the defects in the prior art, so that the aluminum round ingot casting work can be conveniently completed, the automation program is high, the work efficiency is high, and the operation is simple and convenient.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting device comprises a plurality of casting units, wherein round ingot supporting platforms corresponding to the casting units are arranged at the bottoms of the casting units, and lifting devices are arranged at the bottoms of the round ingot supporting platforms; a moving trolley for carrying and turning the casting unit is arranged beside the casting unit, a full-automatic conveying chute is arranged beside the casting unit, and the full-automatic conveying chute injects molten aluminum into the casting unit.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
the structure of the moving trolley is as follows: the device comprises a moving vehicle body, wherein two driven rollers and two driving rollers are arranged on the bottom surface of the moving vehicle body, the middle parts of connecting shafts of the two driving rollers are connected with a motor through a coupler, two groups of clamping oil cylinders are symmetrically arranged on the moving vehicle body, pressing blocks are arranged at the output ends of the clamping oil cylinders, the clamping oil cylinders and the pressing blocks form a clamping device, and the pressing blocks correspond to the locking blocks on the ground; the tipping oil cylinders are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper part of the moving vehicle body, the rotating beam is connected between the output ends of the two tipping oil cylinders, and the rotating beam is provided with a tipping frame which turns around the rotating beam.
The interior of the tipping frame is of a hollow structure, and a casting unit is arranged in the hollow structure.
The tipping frame comprises a tipping frame, a water inlet is formed in the left end of the tipping frame, water frames are respectively mounted on two sides of the tipping frame, the water frames are connected with the water inlet through a hose, a lift is mounted at two ends of each water frame and fixed on the tipping frame, and the lift of the lift is controlled through a servo motor.
The movable vehicle body is provided with a pedal.
The structure of the full-automatic conveying chute is as follows: the device comprises a fixed seat fixed on the ground, wherein a fixed runner is arranged on the fixed seat, a soft runner and a lifting runner are sequentially connected with the fixed runner, and an outlet of the lifting runner is connected with a casting unit; install liquid level detector through the pole setting on the fixing base, a lift flashboard is installed to liquid level detector below, and a lift flashboard corresponds with fixed runner, and lift runner one side is provided with overflows the runner, and the bottom of lift runner is supported through the lift seat, and No. two lift flashboards and No. three lift flashboards are installed through branch in one side of lift seat, and No. two lift flashboards correspond with overflowing the runner, and No. three lift flashboards correspond with the exit of lift runner.
The first lifting flashboard, the second lifting flashboard and the third lifting flashboard have the same structure.
The mounting structure of the lifting seat is as follows: the lifting device comprises two spaced reinforcing plates which are vertically fixed on a lifting seat, wherein a stand column is installed on the inner side of each reinforcing plate, a guide rail is arranged on the inner side of each stand column, a sliding block is arranged on each guide rail and fixed with the sliding plate, a support is fixed on the sliding plate and is of an I-shaped structure, a lifting flow channel is installed on the support, a lifting device is installed on the lifting seat behind the sliding plate, and the lifting device is driven by a lifting motor.
One side of the full-automatic conveying chute is also provided with an aluminum water collecting device.
A negative pressure casting process of full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting equipment comprises the following operation steps:
firstly: preparation before casting:
starting a motor, moving the movable trolley, carrying the casting unit to a casting station by the movable trolley, and clamping a pressing block;
the second lifting flashboard descends to brake off an aluminum water discharge port, the third lifting flashboard is in a rising state, the lifter and a lifting device of the lifting flow channel synchronously lift, the bottom surface of a casting distribution chamber in the casting unit is adjusted to be horizontal to the bottom surface of the fixed flow channel, an oil cylinder of the lifting device extends out, so that the round ingot supporting platform and the casting unit are matched, and the position of a single dummy ingot head and a single casting mold when the single dummy ingot head and the single casting mold are matched in place is displayed and is also the initial position of the round ingot supporting platform when casting is started; after the mold closing is finished, a water valve is opened, water flows through a water inlet frame of the movable trolley and then enters a water cavity of the casting unit, the water flows are sprayed on the outer ring of the dummy bar head through small holes on the lower edge of the casting mold, no water enters a casting cavity after detection, a mold disc covers the upper part of the distribution cavity, the distribution cavity is sealed and isolated from the outside, and the preparation work before casting is finished;
secondly, aluminum water filling of the casting unit:
the aluminum water enters the casting unit through the fixed runner, the soft runner and the lifting runner, and because the bottom surface of the distribution chamber of the casting unit is horizontal to the ground of the fixed runner, the aluminum water is directly distributed into each casting cavity through the distribution chamber, and at the moment, a vent valve on an air pipeline communicated with the casting cavity from the outside is in a closed state;
a negative pressure pumping valve arranged on the die plate cover is opened, and air in the distribution chamber is pumped out to form negative pressure;
further, entering steady state:
after the aluminum water is filled, the aluminum water and the cooling water are isolated by the casting mold, primary cooling is carried out through heat conduction, the aluminum water contacts the casting mold and begins to solidify after being cooled, a thin cylindrical aluminum shell solidification layer is formed, after the cylindrical aluminum shell solidification layer is formed, the cylindrical aluminum shell shrinks, a servo motor of the movable trolley and a lifting motor of the lifting flow channel synchronously work, a casting unit and the lifting flow channel are enabled to ascend synchronously, meanwhile, a dummy ingot head descends slowly, the cylindrical aluminum shell is pulled out of the casting mold, a continuous annular water flow is formed through the cooling water of small holes in the lower edge of the casting mold, and the continuous annular water flow is sprayed on the solidified cylindrical aluminum shell to carry out secondary cooling, so that the aluminum shell is increased continuously until the section of the whole round ingot is solidified;
stopping the casting unit after rising for 100-250mm, keeping the distribution chamber in a negative pressure state due to continuous work of the negative pressure pumping valve, continuously conveying the aluminum water into the distribution chamber, opening the vent valve when the liquid level of the aluminum water in the casting mold and the liquid level of the aluminum water in the fixed runner reach the same height, communicating the casting cavity with the outside atmosphere to form a siphon effect, starting from the moment, adjusting the liquid level of the aluminum water in the casting mold by adjusting the liquid level of the aluminum water in the fixed runner, detecting the liquid level height of the aluminum water in the fixed runner through a liquid level detector, controlling the liquid level of the aluminum water led to the casting unit by utilizing the lifting of the first lifting gate plate, and controlling the liquid level of the aluminum water in the casting mold;
after the casting unit stops rising, the round ingot supporting platform stably descends at a set casting speed and enters a stable casting state;
and finally, finishing casting:
when the stable state is kept until the length of the aluminum round ingot reaches a set length, the third lifting flashboard descends, the supply of aluminum water of the casting unit is cut off, the second lifting flashboard rises, and redundant aluminum water is discharged from a discharge port;
when the liquid level of the aluminum water in the distribution launder is lower than that of the casting cavity, the negative pressure in the distribution cavity is invalid, the siphon effect is automatically terminated, the supply of the aluminum water of the casting unit is automatically terminated, the round ingot carrying platform is decelerated and descended until the aluminum water in the distribution cavity of the casting unit is completely emptied, and the tail of the aluminum round ingot is separated from the casting mold and then is stopped;
the lifting flashboards are all lifted and opened, and the residual aluminum water in the flow channel is discharged into an aluminum water collecting device;
after cooling for 10-15 minutes, closing the water valve and stopping the supply of cooling water;
loosening the pressing block, lifting the tilting frame by 3-5 degrees, and driving the movable trolley away from the casting station;
and stopping after reaching the set position, contracting the tipping oil cylinder, lifting the tipping frame to the maximum angle, and cleaning and maintaining the casting unit.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, can conveniently finish the processing of the aluminum round ingot by the mutual matching work among the mechanisms such as the movable trolley, the full-automatic conveying chute and the like through redesigning the aluminum round ingot casting equipment, and has simple and convenient operation, high working efficiency and high automation degree.
The invention adopts the negative pressure casting process, and separates the aluminum water from the air to reduce the content of hydrogen element in the aluminum water, thereby improving the quality of the cast aluminum bar.
The siphon principle is adopted to provide molten aluminum for the casting mold, and when the aluminum leakage phenomenon occurs, the molten aluminum level of the distribution chamber is higher than that of the runner, so that the supply of the molten aluminum can be automatically cut off, the leakage amount of the molten aluminum is reduced, and the safety coefficient of casting is improved.
The number of the casting units can be increased according to the amount of the cast molten aluminum (only one casting unit is shown in the displayed drawing), a single casting unit comprises a plurality of casting molds or dozens of casting molds, and the casting molds can be uniformly changed according to the diameter of the aluminum round ingot.
The invention has the capability of casting dozens of tons of aluminum bars per hour;
the invention adopts remote control elements such as a laser detection instrument, a servo motor, a lifting flashboard and the like, can realize the start and stop of casting equipment through remote control during casting, and reduces the arrangement of personnel on a casting site.
The invention is also provided with the movable trolley, and the casting unit is taken away from the edge of the casting well and then cleaned and maintained after the casting is finished, so that the risk of climbing high for cleaning and maintaining is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the mobile cart of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the traveling carriage of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a top view of the mobile cart of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a bottom view of the mobile cart of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the mobile cart (after the tipping frame is turned over by 90 degrees) according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the tipping frame of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the fully automatic conveying trough of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of another view of the fully automatic conveying trough of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the fully automatic conveying chute lifting seat of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a process diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a diagram of the process of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a casting unit; 2. a round ingot supporting platform; 3. a lifting device; 4. moving the trolley; 5. lifting the flow channel; 6. a soft flow channel; 7. a liquid level detector; 8. fixing the flow channel; 9. a first lifting gate plate; 10. a second lifting flashboard;
11. a third lifting flashboard; 12. an aluminum water collecting device; 13. a water valve; 14. a water chamber; 15. a die plate cover; 16. casting a cavity; 17. casting a mold; 18. a dummy bar head; 19. a negative pressure pumping valve; 20. an air duct;
21. a vent valve; 22. a dispensing chamber; 23. distributing launders; 24. erecting a rod; 25. a fixed seat; 26. an overflow channel; 27. a lifting seat; 28. a lifting device; 29. a column; 30. a guide rail;
31. a slide plate; 32. a support; 33. a reinforcing plate; 34. a lifting motor;
401. moving the vehicle body; 402. a tipping frame; 403. tipping the oil cylinder; 404. rotating the beam; 405. tipping the frame; 406. briquetting; 407. clamping the oil cylinder; 408. a hose; 409. a drive roller; 410. a coupling;
411. a motor; 412. a driven roller; 413. a water inlet; 414. an elevator; 415. a water frame; 416. a servo motor; 417. a pedal.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting device of the present embodiment includes a plurality of casting units 1, a round ingot supporting platform 2 corresponding to the casting units 1 is disposed at the bottom of the casting units 1, and a lifting device 3 is disposed at the bottom of the round ingot supporting platform 2; a travelling bogie 4 for carrying and turning over the casting unit 1 is arranged beside the casting unit 1, and a full-automatic conveying launder is arranged beside the casting unit 1 and injects aluminum liquid into the casting unit 1.
The structure of the travelling car 4 is: the device comprises a moving vehicle body 401, wherein two driven rollers 412 and two driving rollers 409 are installed on the bottom surface of the moving vehicle body 401, the middle parts of connecting shafts of the two driving rollers 409 are connected with a motor 411 through a coupler 410, two groups of clamping oil cylinders 407 are symmetrically installed on the moving vehicle body 401, pressing blocks 406 are installed at the output ends of the clamping oil cylinders 407, the clamping oil cylinders 407 and the pressing blocks 406 form a clamping device, and the pressing blocks 406 correspond to the locking blocks on the ground; the two sides of the upper part of the moving vehicle body 401 are respectively provided with a tipping oil cylinder 403, the output ends of the two tipping oil cylinders 403 are connected with a rotating beam 404, the rotating beam 404 is provided with a tipping frame 402, and the tipping frame 402 turns around the rotating beam 404.
The interior of the tilt frame 402 is a hollow structure, and the casting unit 1 is installed in the hollow structure.
The tipping frame 402 comprises a tipping frame 405, a water inlet 413 is arranged at the left end of the tipping frame 405, water frames 415 are respectively arranged at two sides of the tipping frame 405, the water frames 415 and the water inlet 413 are connected through a hose 408, two ends of each water frame 415 are provided with a lifter 414, the lifters 414 are fixed on the tipping frame 405, and the lifting of the lifters 414 is controlled through a servo motor 416.
The structure of the full-automatic conveying chute is as follows: the device comprises a fixed seat 25 fixed on the ground, wherein a fixed runner 8 is arranged on the fixed seat 25, a soft runner 6 and a lifting runner 5 are sequentially connected with the fixed runner 8, and the outlet of the lifting runner 5 is connected with a casting unit 1; install level detector 7 through pole setting 24 on the fixing base 25, level detector 7 installs a lift flashboard 9 in the below, a lift flashboard 9 corresponds with fixed runner 8, lift runner 5 one side is provided with overflows runner 26, lift runner 5's bottom is supported through lift seat 27, no. two lift flashboards 10 and No. three lift flashboards 11 are installed through branch on one side of lift seat 27, no. two lift flashboards 10 correspond with overflowing runner 26, no. three lift flashboards 11 correspond with lift runner 5's exit.
The first lifting gate plate 9, the second lifting gate plate 10 and the third lifting gate plate 11 have the same structure.
The mounting structure of the lifting seat 27 is as follows: the lifting device comprises two spaced reinforcing plates 33 vertically fixed on a lifting seat 27, an upright post 29 is mounted on the inner side of each reinforcing plate 33, a guide rail 30 is arranged on the inner side of each upright post 29, a sliding block is arranged on each guide rail 30 and fixed with a sliding plate 31, a support 32 is fixed on each sliding plate 31 and is in an I-shaped structure, a lifting flow channel 5 is mounted on each support 32, a lifting device 28 is mounted on the lifting seat 27 on the back of each sliding plate 31, and the lifting device 28 is driven by a lifting motor 34.
One side of the full-automatic conveying trough is also provided with an aluminum water collecting device 12.
The negative pressure casting process of the full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting equipment comprises the following operation steps:
firstly: preparation before casting:
starting the motor 411, moving the movable trolley 4, carrying the casting unit 1 by the movable trolley 4 to a casting station, and clamping the pressing block 406;
the second lifting gate plate 10 descends to brake off an aluminum water discharge port, the third lifting gate plate 11 is in a rising state, the lifter 414 and the lifting device 28 of the lifting flow channel 5 synchronously lift, the bottom surface of the casting distribution chamber 22 in the casting unit 1 and the bottom surface of the fixed flow channel 8 are adjusted to be horizontal, the oil cylinder of the lifting device 3 extends out, the round ingot supporting platform 2 and the casting unit 1 are matched, and the position display is displayed when the single dummy bar head 18 and the single casting mold 17 are matched in place and is also the initial position of the round ingot supporting platform 2 when casting is started; after the die assembly is finished, the water valve 13 is opened, water flows into the water frame 415 through the water inlet 413 of the movable trolley 4 and then enters the water cavity 14 of the casting unit 1, the water is sprayed on the outer ring of the dummy head 18 through a small hole on the lower edge of the casting die 17, no water enters the casting cavity 16 after checking, the die disc cover 15 covers the upper part of the distribution cavity 22, the distribution cavity 22 is sealed and isolated from the outside, and the preparation work before the casting is finished;
next, aluminum water filling of the casting unit 1:
the molten aluminum enters the casting unit 1 through the fixed runner 8, the soft runner 6 and the lifting runner 5, because the bottom surface of a distribution chamber 22 of the casting unit 1 is horizontal to the ground of the fixed runner 8, the molten aluminum is directly distributed into each casting cavity 16 through the distribution chamber 22, and at the moment, a vent valve 21 on an air pipeline 20 communicating the outside with the casting cavities 16 is in a closed state;
a negative pressure pumping valve 19 arranged on the die plate cover 15 is opened to pump air out of the distribution chamber 22 to form negative pressure;
further, entering steady state:
after the aluminum water is filled, the aluminum water and the cooling water are isolated by the casting mold 17, primary cooling is carried out through heat conduction, the aluminum water contacts the casting mold 17 and is cooled to start solidification, a thin cylindrical aluminum shell solidification layer is formed, after the cylindrical aluminum shell solidification layer is formed, the cylindrical aluminum shell shrinks, the servo motor 416 of the movable trolley 4 and the lifting motor 34 of the lifting flow channel 5 synchronously work, the casting unit 1 and the lifting flow channel 5 synchronously ascend, the dummy bar head 18 slowly descends, the cylindrical aluminum shell is pulled out of the casting mold 17, the cooling water passes through small holes in the lower edge of the casting mold 17 to form continuous annular water flow, and the continuous annular water flow is sprayed on the solidified cylindrical aluminum shell to carry out secondary cooling, so that the aluminum shell is continuously increased until the section of the whole round ingot is solidified;
the casting unit 1 is stopped after rising by 100-250mm, the negative pressure pumping valve 19 continuously works to keep the distribution chamber 22 in a negative pressure state, the aluminum water is continuously conveyed into the distribution chamber 22, when the liquid level of the aluminum water in the casting mold 17 and the liquid level of the aluminum water in the fixed runner 8 reach the same height, the vent valve 21 is opened to communicate the casting cavity 16 with the outside atmosphere to form a siphon effect, from then on, the liquid level of the aluminum water in the casting mold 17 can be adjusted by adjusting the liquid level of the aluminum water in the fixed runner 8, the liquid level height of the aluminum water in the fixed runner 8 is detected by the liquid level detector 7, and then the lifting of the first lifting flashboard 9 is used for controlling the liquid level of the aluminum water led to the casting unit 1 and controlling the liquid level of the aluminum water in the casting mold 17;
after the casting unit 1 stops rising, the round ingot carrying platform 2 stably descends at a set casting speed and enters a stable casting state;
and finally, finishing casting:
when the steady state is kept until the length of the aluminum round ingot reaches the set length, the third lifting flashboard 11 descends to cut off the aluminum water supply of the casting unit 1, and the second lifting flashboard 10 rises to discharge the redundant aluminum water from a discharge port;
when the liquid level of the aluminum water in the distribution chute 23 is lower than that of the casting cavity 16, the negative pressure in the distribution chamber 22 fails, the siphon effect is automatically terminated, the aluminum water supply of the casting unit 1 is automatically terminated, the round ingot carrying platform 2 is decelerated and descended until the aluminum water in the distribution chamber 22 of the casting unit 1 is completely emptied, and the tail of the aluminum round ingot is stopped after being separated from the casting mold 17;
all the lifting flashboards are lifted and opened, and the residual aluminum water in the flow channel is discharged into the aluminum water collecting device 12;
after cooling for 10-15 minutes, the water valve 13 is closed, and the cooling water supply is stopped;
the pressing block 406 is loosened, the tipping frame 402 is lifted by 3-5 degrees, and the movable trolley 4 is driven away from the casting station;
when the casting machine reaches the set position, the operation is stopped, the tilt cylinder 403 is retracted, the tilt frame 402 is raised to the maximum angle, and the casting unit 1 is cleaned and maintained.
The specific structure and function of the invention are as follows:
the casting unit 1 conveys molten aluminum through a full-automatic conveying flow groove, after the molten aluminum is filled, a vacuumizing valve is opened to form negative pressure in the casting unit 1, the casting unit 1 is lifted after the negative pressure is built, a siphon effect is formed, the molten aluminum is continuously conveyed to the casting unit 1, a vent valve 21 is opened to enable the level of the molten aluminum in the casting mold 17 to be horizontal with the level of the molten aluminum in the flow passage, and therefore the height of the molten aluminum in the casting mold 17 is controlled by controlling the level of the molten aluminum in the flow passage.
Wherein, the structure of travelling car 4 is:
the device consists of the following parts: a moving vehicle body 401, a turning beam 404, a tilt cylinder 403 and a tilt frame 402. The moving trolley body 401 is provided with two groups of clamping devices consisting of clamping oil cylinders 407 and pressing blocks 406, and when the moving trolley 4 needs to move to a casting station, the clamping devices clamp to fix the moving trolley 4 at the casting station; two driven rollers 412 and two driving rollers 409 are arranged on the bottom surface of the moving vehicle body 401, and the driving rollers 409 are connected with a motor 411 through a coupler 410, so that the moving trolley 4 moves forwards and backwards through the motor 411; the movable vehicle body 401 is provided with a tipping oil cylinder 403 and a rotating beam 404, two ends of the rotating beam 404 are supported on the movable vehicle body 401 through bearing devices, and the tipping frame 402 can be turned through the extension and contraction of the oil cylinder.
The turning beam 404 is provided with a tipping frame 402, the tipping frame 402 comprises a tipping frame 405, the left end of the tipping frame 405 is provided with two water inlets 413, two sides of the tipping frame 405 are respectively provided with a water frame 415, the water frames 415 and the water inlets 413 are connected through a hose 408, two ends of the water frame 415 are provided with a lifter 414, the lifter 414 is fixed on the tipping frame 405, and the lifting of the lifter 414 is controlled by a servo motor 416 to realize the synchronous lifting of the water frame 415.
The structure of the full-automatic conveying chute is as follows:
including fixing base 25 on ground, install fixed runner 8 on the fixing base 25, be connected with soft runner 6 and lift runner 5 with fixed runner 8, install liquid level detector 7 through pole setting 24 on the fixing base 25, lift flashboard 9 is installed to liquid level detector 7 below, and lift runner 5 supports through lift seat 27, and lift seat 27 installs No. two lift flashboards 10 and No. three lift flashboards 11 through branch on one side.
And a heat-insulating refractory material is arranged in the flow channel frame.
The servo motor is adopted in the lifting flow passage 5 to realize synchronous lifting of the flow passage and the water frame 415 of the movable trolley 4.
According to the negative-pressure casting process, molten aluminum enters the casting unit 1 through the fixed runner 8, the soft runner 6 and the lifting runner 5, the casting unit 1 is driven to lift synchronously through the lifting runner 5 and the lifter 414 on the movable trolley 4, a siphon effect is formed, and stable casting is started.
The whole process of the invention is as follows:
preparing before casting:
the movable trolley 4 carries the casting unit 1 to a casting station, a pressing block 406 of the movable trolley 4 is clamped, the lifting gate plate 110 descends to cut off an aluminum water discharge port, the lifting gate plate 211 is in a lifting state, the lifter 414 of the movable trolley 4 and the lifting device 28 of the lifting flow channel 5 synchronously ascend and descend, the bottom surface of the casting distribution chamber 22 in the casting unit 1 is adjusted to be horizontal to the bottom surface of the fixed flow channel 8, the oil cylinder of the lifting device 3 extends out, the round ingot supporting platform 2 and the casting unit 1 are matched, the position display is carried out when the single dummy bar head 18 and the single casting mould 17 are matched in place, and the position display is also the initial position of the round ingot supporting platform 2 when casting is started. After the mold closing is finished, the water valve 13 is opened, water flows into the water frame 415 through the water inlet 413 of the movable trolley 4 and then enters the water cavity 14 of the casting unit 1, the water is sprayed on the outer ring of the dummy bar head 18 through a small hole on the lower edge of the casting mold 17, no water enters the casting cavity 16 after checking, the mold disc cover 15 covers the upper part of the distribution cavity 22, the distribution cavity 22 is sealed and isolated from the outside, and the preparation work before casting is finished.
(II) aluminum water filling of the casting unit 1:
the molten aluminum enters the casting unit 1 through the fixed runner 8, the soft runner 6 and the lifting runner 5, and because the bottom surface of the distribution chamber 22 of the casting unit 1 is horizontal to the ground of the fixed runner 8, the molten aluminum is directly distributed into each casting cavity 16 through the distribution chamber 22, and at the moment, the vent valve 21 on the air pipeline 20 which is communicated with the casting cavity 16 from the outside is in a closed state, so that the liquid level of the molten aluminum in the casting cavity 16 is prevented from being too high. The die cover 15 is provided with a negative pressure suction valve 19 which is opened to suck air out of the distribution chamber 22 and form negative pressure.
(III) entering a steady state:
after the aluminum water is filled, the aluminum water and the cooling water are isolated by the casting mold 17, primary cooling is carried out through heat conduction, the aluminum water contacts the casting mold 17 and begins to solidify after being cooled, a thin cylindrical aluminum shell solidification layer is formed, after the cylindrical aluminum shell solidification layer is formed, the cylindrical aluminum shell shrinks, the servo motor 416 of the movable trolley 4 and the lifting motor 34 of the lifting flow channel 5 synchronously work, the casting unit 1 and the lifting flow channel 5 synchronously ascend, the dummy bar head 18 slowly descends at the same time, the cylindrical aluminum shell is pulled out of the casting mold 17, the cooling water passes through small holes in the lower edge of the casting mold 17 to form continuous annular water flow, and the continuous annular water flow is sprayed on the solidified cylindrical aluminum shell to carry out secondary cooling, so that the aluminum shell is continuously increased until the section of the whole round ingot is solidified. The casting unit 1 stops after rising a set height, the negative pressure pumping valve 19 works continuously, the distribution chamber 22 is kept in a negative pressure state, aluminum water is conveyed into the distribution chamber 22 continuously, when the aluminum water liquid level in the casting mold 17 and the aluminum water liquid level in the fixed runner 8 reach the same height, the vent valve 21 is opened, the casting cavity 16 is communicated with the outside atmosphere, a siphon effect is formed, from then on, the liquid level of the aluminum water in the casting mold 17 can be adjusted by adjusting the liquid level of the aluminum water in the fixed runner 8, the liquid level height of the aluminum water in the fixed runner 8 is detected by the liquid level detector 7, the aluminum water liquid level leading to the casting unit 1 is controlled by the lifting of the lifting flashboard 39, and therefore the liquid level of the aluminum water in the casting mold 17 is controlled. After the casting unit 1 stops lifting, the round ingot supporting platform 2 descends stably at a set casting speed, and enters a stable casting state.
(IV) finishing casting:
when the steady state is maintained until the length of the aluminum round ingot reaches the set length, the lifting shutter 211 descends to cut off the supply of the molten aluminum to the casting unit 1, and the lifting shutter 110 rises to discharge the excessive molten aluminum from the discharge port. When the liquid level of the aluminum water in the distribution launder 23 is lower than that of the casting cavity 16, the negative pressure in the distribution chamber 22 fails, the siphon effect is automatically terminated, the aluminum water supply of the casting unit 1 is automatically terminated, the round ingot carrying platform 2 is decelerated and descended until the aluminum water in the distribution chamber 22 of the casting unit 1 is completely emptied, and the tail of the aluminum round ingot is stopped after being separated from the casting mold 17. The lifting flashboards are all lifted to be opened, and the residual aluminum water in the flow channel is discharged into the aluminum water collecting device 12.
After cooling for 10-15 minutes, the water valve 13 is closed, and the cooling water supply is stopped. And (3) loosening a press block 406 of the movable trolley 4, lifting the tipping frame 402 by 3-5 degrees, driving the movable trolley 4 away from the casting station, stopping after reaching a set position, contracting the tipping oil cylinder 403, lifting the tipping frame 402 to a maximum angle, and cleaning and maintaining the casting unit 1.
According to the invention, through redesigning the aluminum round ingot casting equipment, the mechanisms such as the movable trolley 4 and the full-automatic conveying chute work in a matched manner, the processing of the aluminum round ingot can be conveniently completed, the operation is simple and convenient, the working efficiency is high, and the automation degree is high.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a full-automatic aluminium circle ingot casting equipment which characterized in that: the casting device comprises a plurality of casting units (1), wherein a round ingot supporting platform (2) corresponding to the casting units (1) is arranged at the bottom of each casting unit (1), and a lifting device (3) is arranged at the bottom of each round ingot supporting platform (2); a moving trolley (4) for carrying and turning over the casting unit (1) is arranged beside the casting unit (1), a full-automatic conveying launder is arranged beside the casting unit (1), and the full-automatic conveying launder injects molten aluminum into the casting unit (1); the structure of the movable trolley (4) is as follows: the device comprises a moving vehicle body (401), wherein two driven rollers (412) and two driving rollers (409) are mounted on the bottom surface of the moving vehicle body (401), the middle parts of connecting shafts of the two driving rollers (409) are connected with a motor (411) through a coupler (410), two groups of clamping oil cylinders (407) are symmetrically mounted on the moving vehicle body (401), pressing blocks (406) are mounted at the output ends of the clamping oil cylinders (407), the clamping oil cylinders (407) and the pressing blocks (406) form a clamping device, and the pressing blocks (406) correspond to the locking blocks on the ground; tipping oil cylinders (403) are respectively installed at two sides of the upper part of the moving vehicle body (401), a rotating beam (404) is connected between the output ends of the two tipping oil cylinders (403), a tipping frame (402) is installed on the rotating beam (404), and the tipping frame (402) turns around the rotating beam (404); the interior of the tipping frame (402) is of a hollow structure, and a casting unit (1) is arranged in the hollow structure;
the tipping frame (402) comprises a tipping frame (405), a water inlet (413) is arranged at the left end of the tipping frame (405), water frames (415) are respectively arranged at two sides of the tipping frame (405), the water frames (415) are connected with the water inlet (413) through hoses (408), elevators (414) are arranged at two ends of the water frames (415), the elevators (414) are fixed on the tipping frame (405), and the elevators (414) are controlled to lift through a servo motor (416);
the structure of the full-automatic conveying chute is as follows: the casting device comprises a fixed seat (25) fixed on the ground, wherein a fixed runner (8) is installed on the fixed seat (25), a soft runner (6) and a lifting runner (5) are sequentially connected with the fixed runner (8), and an outlet of the lifting runner (5) is connected with a casting unit (1); install liquid level detector (7) through pole setting (24) on fixing base (25), lift flashboard (9) are installed No. one to liquid level detector (7) below, lift flashboard (9) correspond with fixed runner (8), lift runner (5) one side is provided with overflows runner (26), the bottom of lift runner (5) is supported through lift seat (27), install No. two lift flashboards (10) and No. three lift flashboards (11) through branch on one side of lift seat (27), no. two lift flashboards (10) correspond with overflowing runner (26), no. three lift flashboards (11) correspond with the exit of lift runner (5).
2. The full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the movable vehicle body (401) is provided with a pedal (417).
3. The full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first lifting flashboard (9), the second lifting flashboard (10) and the third lifting flashboard (11) have the same structure.
4. The full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting structure of the lifting seat (27) is as follows: including two spaced reinforcing plates (33) of vertical fixation on lift seat (27), stand (29) are installed to the inboard of reinforcing plate (33), the inboard of stand (29) is provided with guide rail (30), has the slider on guide rail (30), and the slider is fixed with slide (31), be fixed with support (32) on slide (31), support (32) are "worker" style of calligraphy structure, installation lift runner (5) on support (32), be located and install elevating gear (28) on lift seat (27) of slide (31) back, elevating gear (28) are through elevator motor (34) drive.
5. The full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: one side of the full-automatic conveying trough is also provided with an aluminum water collecting device (12).
6. A negative pressure casting process using the full-automatic aluminum round ingot casting equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following operation steps:
firstly: preparation before casting:
starting a motor (411), moving the movable trolley (4), carrying the movable trolley (4) to the casting unit (1) to a casting station, and clamping a pressing block (406);
the second lifting flashboard (10) descends to brake off an aluminum water discharge port, the third lifting flashboard (11) is in a rising state, the lifter (414) and the lifting device of the lifting flow channel (5) synchronously lift, the bottom surface of the casting distribution chamber (22) in the casting unit (1) and the bottom surface of the fixed flow channel (8) are adjusted to be horizontal, the oil cylinder of the lifting device (3) extends out, so that the round ingot supporting platform (2) and the casting unit (1) are matched, and when the single dummy bar head (18) and the single casting mold (17) are matched in place, the initial position of the round ingot supporting platform (2) is also the initial position when casting is started; after the die assembly is finished, a water valve (13) is opened, water flows through a water inlet (413) of the movable trolley (4) to enter a water frame (415) and then enters a water cavity (14) of the casting unit (1), the water is sprayed on the outer ring of the dummy bar head (18) through a small hole on the lower edge of the casting die (17), no water enters the casting cavity (16) after checking, a die disc cover (15) covers the upper part of the distribution cavity (22), the distribution cavity (22) is sealed and isolated from the outside, and the preparation work before the casting is finished;
secondly, the aluminum water filling of the casting unit (1):
the aluminum water enters the casting unit (1) through the fixed runner (8), the soft runner (6) and the lifting runner (5), because the bottom surface of a distribution chamber (22) of the casting unit (1) is horizontal to the bottom surface of the fixed runner, the aluminum water is directly distributed into each casting cavity (16) through the distribution chamber (22), and at the moment, a vent valve (21) on an air pipeline (20) communicated with the casting cavity (16) from the outside is in a closed state;
a negative pressure pumping valve (19) arranged on the die plate cover (15) is opened, and air in the distribution chamber (22) is pumped out to form negative pressure;
further, entering steady state:
after the aluminum water is filled, the aluminum water and cooling water are isolated by a casting mold (17), primary cooling is carried out through heat conduction, the aluminum water contacts the casting mold (17) to be cooled and begins to solidify, a thin cylindrical aluminum shell solidification layer is formed, after the cylindrical aluminum shell solidification layer is formed, the cylindrical aluminum shell shrinks, a servo motor (416) of a movable trolley (4) and a lifting motor (34) of a lifting flow channel (5) synchronously work, a casting unit (1) and the lifting flow channel (5) synchronously ascend, meanwhile, a dummy bar head (18) slowly descends, the cylindrical aluminum shell is pulled out of the casting mold (17), the cooling water forms continuous annular water flow through small holes in the lower edge of the casting mold (17), and is sprayed on the solidified cylindrical aluminum shell to carry out secondary cooling, so that the aluminum shell is continuously increased until the section of the whole round ingot is solidified;
the casting unit (1) stops after rising for 100-250mm, the negative pressure pumping valve (19) continuously works to keep the distribution chamber (22) in a negative pressure state, aluminum water is continuously conveyed into the distribution chamber (22), when the liquid level of the aluminum water in the casting mold (17) and the liquid level of the aluminum water in the fixed runner (8) reach the same height, the vent valve (21) is opened to communicate the casting cavity (16) with the outside atmosphere, a siphon effect is formed, from then on, the liquid level of the aluminum water in the casting mold (17) is adjusted by adjusting the liquid level of the aluminum water in the fixed runner (8), the liquid level height of the aluminum water in the fixed runner (8) is detected by the liquid level detector (7), and then the liquid level of the aluminum water led to the casting unit (1) is controlled by the rising and falling of the first lifting flashboard (9), and the liquid level of the aluminum water in the casting mold (17) is controlled;
after the casting unit (1) stops rising, the round ingot supporting platform (2) stably descends at a set casting speed and enters a stable casting state;
and finally, finishing casting:
when the steady state is kept until the length of the aluminum round ingot reaches a set length, the third lifting gate plate (11) descends to cut off the supply of aluminum water of the casting unit (1), and the second lifting gate plate (10) rises to discharge redundant aluminum water from a discharge port;
when the liquid level of the aluminum water in the distribution launder (23) is lower than that of the casting cavity (16), the negative pressure in the distribution chamber (22) is invalid, the siphon effect is automatically terminated, the aluminum water supply of the casting unit (1) is automatically terminated, the round ingot carrying platform (2) is decelerated and descended until the aluminum water in the distribution chamber (22) of the casting unit (1) is completely emptied, and the tail of the aluminum round ingot is stopped after being separated from the casting mold (17);
the lifting flashboards are all lifted and opened, and the residual aluminum water in the flow channel is discharged into an aluminum water collecting device (12);
after cooling for 10-15 minutes, closing the water valve (13) and stopping the supply of cooling water;
the pressing block (406) is loosened, the tipping frame (402) is lifted for 3-5 degrees, and the movable trolley (4) drives away from the casting station;
and stopping after reaching the set position, contracting the tipping oil cylinder (403), lifting the tipping frame (402) to the maximum angle, and cleaning and maintaining the casting unit (1).
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| CN105033206A (en) * | 2007-12-03 | 2015-11-11 | 诺尔斯海德公司 | Arrangement related to equipment for continuous or semi-continuous casting of metal |
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