CN114100348B - Integrated treatment system for refining waste gas - Google Patents
Integrated treatment system for refining waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN114100348B CN114100348B CN202111417010.1A CN202111417010A CN114100348B CN 114100348 B CN114100348 B CN 114100348B CN 202111417010 A CN202111417010 A CN 202111417010A CN 114100348 B CN114100348 B CN 114100348B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/84—Biological processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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Abstract
The invention provides a refinery waste gas integrated treatment system, which sequentially passes through a pretreatment device (optional), a filter tank (optional), an adsorption and desorption tank, a cooler, a compression storage tank and a fuel tank according to a waste gas flow, wherein combustible gas released by the cooler is compressed and stored by a compressor, and liquid flowing out of the bottom of the cooler is sent to an oil-water separation device to flow out organic liquid and waste water; preferably, the organic liquid is compressed and stored after being mixed with the combustible gas by the gas-liquid mixing device. Most of organic substances in the waste gas treated by the system are recycled and directly utilized, the utilization value of the waste gas is maximized, and the discharged waste gas is less; combustible gas and organic liquid are compressed and collected in a gas-liquid mixed mode, safety is high, and part of organic gas is dissolved in the organic liquid and is compressed more easily.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a waste gas adsorption and desorption technology.
Background
The adsorption and desorption device comprises: the device comprises an adsorption device, a desorption device, an adsorption fan, a desorption fan and the like.
The working principle of the adsorption device is as follows: because of the presence of unbalanced and unsaturated molecular attraction or chemical bonding forces on the surface of a solid, when the solid surface comes into contact with a gas, molecules of the gas are attracted, concentrated and held on the solid surface, a phenomenon known as adsorption. The waste gas is contacted with the porous solid matter with large surface by utilizing the adsorption capacity of the solid surface, and the pollutants in the waste gas are adsorbed on the surface of the solid to be separated from the gas mixture, thereby achieving the aim of purification.
Performance characteristics of the adsorption device: the operation process does not produce secondary pollution; the equipment investment is low, and the running cost is low; the performance is stable, a plurality of mixed gases can be treated simultaneously, and the purification efficiency is more than or equal to 95 percent; different fillers can be selected to treat different waste gases; the novel carbon adsorption material is adopted as the adsorbent, and the advantages of low resistance, long service life, high purification efficiency and the like are achieved.
The application range of the activated carbon adsorption material is as follows: the device is mainly used for treating large-amount low-concentration organic waste gas, can treat organic waste gas of benzene, ketone, alcohol, alkane and the mixture thereof, and is mainly used for purifying harmful waste gas in various industrial production workshops such as petrifaction, chemical engineering, machinery, electronics, electrical appliances, coating, plastics, printing and the like.
The refining waste gas contains various large, medium and small molecular organic waste gases, and various harmful components such as inorganic small molecular waste gas, dust, water mist and the like, and a conventional treatment device has high treatment difficulty and poor treatment effect.
2019. The 12 th month paper published in the journal of chemical engineering management introduces that chemical production is an important industry for social operation and development, and the modern chemical process generally has a tail gas phenomenon that tail gas containing a large amount of chemical substances is discharged in the production process, and the gas can negatively influence the surrounding environment and the atmospheric environment, so the gas needs to be treated. The article will develop relevant research work in order to understand the tail gas treatment method and technology in the chemical production process, and describe various tail gas treatment schemes and technologies, which can be used as references for the invention.
In 2017, a paper published in journal of oil refining technology and engineering, 47, which is a typical technology and engineering example for treating Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the refining industry, introduces a plurality of typical technologies and application examples for treating the VOCs in the refining industry. (1) Carrying out technical treatment on waste gas of an air flotation tank of an oil separation tank in a petrochemical sewage treatment field; (2) gasoline loading oil gas is treated by a low-temperature diesel oil absorption technology; (3) VOCs waste gas in the intermediate oil tank and the sewage tank is treated by using a low-temperature diesel oil absorption desulfurization and catalytic oxidation technology; (4) rubber waste gas is treated by a 'pretreatment-catalytic oxidation' technology; (5) chlorobenzene and nitrochlorobenzene "heat accumulation combustion sodium hydroxide lye absorption-activated carbon adsorption" technology. However, an efficient treatment technology for recycling organic waste gas directly as fuel is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows:
the integrated processing system for the refining and chemical waste gas has the advantages of high recovery rate of organic substances in the waste gas, small discharge amount, safety and reliability.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the invention discloses an integrated treatment system for refining waste gas, which sequentially passes through a pretreatment device (an optional part, such as an acid washing tank or an alkali washing tank can remove dust, various alkaline gases or acidic gases, particularly an alkali washing tank internally provided with a calcium hydroxide solution is arranged to remove sulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and carbon dioxide in the waste gas, precipitate is removed firstly, the mixture of the optional part and subsequent condensed gas is avoided, the flammability is reduced, the environmental pollution is caused after the combustion, excessive crosslinking, polymerization, coking and hardening of organic molecules are possibly caused in the subsequent high-temperature desorption process, pipelines are blocked), or a filter tank (an optional part, such as a biological filter tank, can remove dust, smoke and partial organic waste gas, particularly nitrogen-philic strain microorganisms are arranged to remove residual nitrogen dioxide in the waste gas), an adsorption and desorption tank (wherein adsorption materials such as active carbon and the like are arranged, the adsorption tank can adsorb various organic waste gases with large, medium and small molecular weights, and the redundant carbon dioxide, nitrogen and the like can be discharged from a purified gas outlet arranged at the top of the tank), a cooler and a fuel tank are arranged. The sulfur and nitrogen substances are respectively treated, so that the trouble of separating sulfate and nitrate is reduced.
The various tanks described herein include various vessels or devices for physical or chemical reactions, such as columns, kettles, and the like.
Function and structure of the cooler: the desorption liquid flowing out after desorption of the adsorption desorption tank is cooled by a cooler, water vapor and large and medium molecular organic matters are cooled into condensed liquid, and non-coolable small molecular (low-carbon) organic matters are condensed gas, the cooler is provided with a condensed gas outlet and a condensed liquid outlet, the condensed gas is combustible gas, and the condensed liquid is a mixed solution of combustible organic liquid and non-combustible waste water.
In the application, after a condensed liquid outlet of a cooler, a calcium hydroxide solution supply tank can be connected firstly (particularly, when the pretreatment process is not carried out, sulfurous acid and sulfuric acid are removed to form crystals), and then an oil-water separation device (preferably, a chromatography tank can be connected, so that organic liquid and wastewater can be separated in a layered mode, combustible organic liquid is separated from wastewater in a layered mode, the density of the combustible organic liquid is smaller than that of water floating on an upper layer to obtain an organic separation liquid layer which is mainly medium-carbon and high-carbon organic matters, chromatography or a wastewater layer with a larger specific gravity is arranged below the wastewater layer, wherein the wastewater layer contains insoluble and incombustible solid impurities, crystals, heavy metals and the like, the solid impurities are discharged to be subjected to solid-wastewater treatment, and devices in subsequent organic liquid or wastewater pipelines are prevented from being blocked), water and inorganic acid-base salt water are dissolved in a lower layer (containing incombustible water-soluble inorganic matters, salts and the like, and the wastewater is sent to a sewage treatment plant to be subjected to purification treatment continuously); the separation process is simple, the cost is low, and the combustion value of the organic separation liquid is high due to less impurities. The adsorption and desorption tank is provided with a desorption gas inlet for inputting desorption gas such as steam, nitrogen and the like, or an electric heating element is pre-embedded in the adsorption material for heating and desorption.
The vacuum pump can be arranged between the adsorption and desorption tank and the cooler, a certain vacuum degree is manufactured in the pipeline, the discharge of desorption liquid is accelerated, and meanwhile, most of low-carbon organic substances are easy to gasify and are discharged from a condensed gas outlet to form combustible gas with good combustibility, and the subsequent layered collection treatment capacity is reduced.
In this application, after the condensing gas export of cooler and the fuel jar through the compressor compression (pressure makes partial organic gas, and easy liquefaction is stored), the intercommunication compression storage tank for combustible gas is compressed and is stored.
Preferably, a condensate outlet is arranged below the compression storage tank, and a gas-liquid mixing device is arranged behind the condensate outlet (preferably, a spraying device is used for spraying and atomizing liquid and then mixing with gas, or an absorption device is used for absorbing gas and has small two-phase contact surface, small mixing degree and small amount of absorbed gas, and a compressor is not easy to compress liquid mixture). The spraying device is connected between the condensed gas outlet and the compressor, sprays condensed gas (organic condensed liquid is sprayed and gasified, absorbs heat and cools, increases the solubility of the absorbed organic gas, simultaneously sprays the condensed gas into mist, is fully contacted with the gas, is uniformly dissolved into similar water mist or aerosol, is subsequently easily compressed together, and is more easily fully combusted than liquid when part of the gas is not condensed during continuous working as fuel), reduces the temperature and latent heat of the gas, absorbs and dissolves part of combustible gas, and reduces the risk of combustion and even explosion.
The organic separation liquid is guided to a gas-liquid mixing device (such as a spraying device) to be assisted as a liquid for mixing, and the temperature of the organic separation liquid is lower, so that the cold quantity is greater than that of gas with the same mass, and the gas is further assisted to be cooled, thereby improving the safety, and increasing the quantity of organic solution and the quantity of absorbed combustible gas. Meanwhile, organic liquid is also collected and enters the compression storage tank, so that the quantity of combustible substances is increased, most of the combustible substances in the waste gas are recovered and are used for burning by a subsequently connected burner (the circulation is beneficial to gasification, condensation and mixing and is beneficial to burning), and higher combustible value is obtained.
Has the advantages that:
after the system disclosed by the invention is used for treating the waste gas, most organic substances (organic liquid and organic gas) in the waste gas are recycled and directly utilized, the quantity of combustible substances formed by the waste gas is maximally utilized, the discharged waste gas is less, the content of organic matters in the formed waste water is extremely low, toxic and harmful heavy metals and inorganic salts flow away along with the waste water, toxic components in the fuel are less, and oily substances are not contained in the subsequently treated waste water, so that the waste gas is more purposefully purified.
The combustible substance is compressed and stored, the storage volume is small, and the space is saved; combustible gas and organic liquid are compressed and collected in a gas-liquid mixed mode, safety and reliability are achieved, and part of organic gas is dissolved in organic liquid, so that gasification pressure is low, and the organic liquid is compressed more easily.
In the conventional separation technology, the above-mentioned condensed liquid (a mixture of low-carbon organic substances, and after circulation, low-carbon medium-carbon high-carbon organic substances) and the organic separation liquid (a mixture of medium-carbon high-carbon organic substances) need to be respectively recycled due to different components. In the invention, the two organic liquids are used as fuels without being processed respectively, can be used as fuels after being blended and prepared for a combustion furnace, thereby ensuring sufficient fuels, simplifying the procedure of later separation treatment and greatly reducing the cost of waste gas treatment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection structure and a flow of the system.
In the figure, 1-acid-base washing tank (pretreatment); 2-biological filtration tank (filtration); 3-adsorbing and desorbing the tank; 4-spray column (gas-liquid mixing); 5-a vacuum pump; 6- (gas-liquid separation) cooler; 7-an oil-water separation tank; 8-organic liquid; 9-a condensate tank; 10-compressing the storage tank; 11-fuel tank.
Detailed Description
The refinery and chemical waste gas integrated treatment system shown in fig. 1 sequentially passes through a pretreatment device (according to a waste gas source, alkaline gas is removed by acid washing or acidic gas is removed by alkali washing), a filter tank (oil is removed by dust removal or biological filtration), an adsorption and desorption tank, a vacuum pump and a cooler according to a waste gas flow. The compressor is connected behind the condensed gas outlet of the cooler, and the compressed gas is input into the compression storage tank, and the lower part of the compression storage tank is provided with a condensed liquid outlet which is communicated with the condensed liquid tank, and the condensed liquid tank is connected to the gas-liquid mixing device.
Meanwhile, an oil-water separator (such as a chromatography device) is connected behind a condensed liquid outlet of the cooler, and an organic liquid layer and a sewage layer are obtained after separation by the oil-water separator; the organic liquid layer is also connected to a gas-liquid mixing device (such as a spray tower).
The organic liquid at the two positions sprays organic liquid to the condensed gas together or absorbs the condensed gas by the organic liquid and then is compressed and stored. The compressed storage tank is then connected to a fuel tank for use as fuel for the burner.
Most organic substances in the waste gas after treatment are recycled, a small amount of purified gas such as air and the like is discharged from the top of the adsorption and desorption tank in the adsorption process, and the wastewater formed by desorption is separated and then sent to a sewage treatment plant for subsequent treatment.
Claims (4)
1. An integrated refinery waste gas treatment system sequentially passes through a pretreatment device, an adsorption and desorption tank and a cooler according to a waste gas flow, wherein the adsorption and desorption tank is provided with a desorption gas inlet for inputting desorption gas steam; the method is characterized in that:
the desorption liquid flowing out after desorption of the adsorption and desorption tank is cooled by a cooler, the water vapor and the large and medium molecular organic matters are cooled into condensed liquid, and the small molecular organic matters which can not be cooled are condensed gas; the condensed gas is a combustible gas, and the condensed liquid is a mixed solution of combustible organic liquid and non-combustible waste water; the cooler is provided with a condensed gas outlet and a condensed liquid outlet;
a gas-liquid mixing device is additionally arranged, and a condensed gas outlet of the cooler is connected with the gas-liquid mixing device;
the condensed liquid outlet of the cooler is connected with an oil-water separator, and an organic liquid layer and a sewage layer are obtained after separation by the oil-water separator; the organic liquid layer is connected to the gas-liquid mixing device;
the gas-liquid mixing device is a spraying tank, and in the gas-liquid mixing device, the organic liquid is sprayed into a fog shape and is fully contacted with condensed gas to be uniformly mixed and dissolved into water fog or aerosol;
the gas-liquid mixing device is connected with a compressor, and the gas-liquid mixing and compressing are input into a compression storage tank for storage; the compressed tank is then connected to a fuel tank.
2. An integrated refinery off gas treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the lower part of the compression storage tank is provided with a condensate outlet which is communicated with a condensate tank, the condensate tank is connected to a gas-liquid mixing and dissolving device, and condensed gas is sprayed with condensate and then compressed and stored.
3. The integrated refinery-based exhaust gas treatment system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: a vacuum pump is arranged between the adsorption and desorption tank and the cooler.
4. An integrated refinery off-gas treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the oil-water separator is a chromatography tank.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111417010.1A CN114100348B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Integrated treatment system for refining waste gas |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111417010.1A CN114100348B (en) | 2021-11-26 | 2021-11-26 | Integrated treatment system for refining waste gas |
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| CN114100348A CN114100348A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| CN114100348B true CN114100348B (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102764563A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-07 | 海湾环境科技（北京）股份有限公司 | Adsorptive compression-type oil gas recovery processing system and recovery processing technique thereof |
| CN106621788A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏科威环保技术有限公司 | System for treating flue gas escaping out of waste water |
| CN107789942A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-13 | 上海亿景能源科技有限公司 | Petroleum vapor recovery pretreatment unit and its technique |
| CN109351122A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-19 | 江苏科威环保技术有限公司 | Light component organic exhaust gas self-loopa technique and its system |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1448207A (en) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-15 | 王业勤 | Organic vapor recovery method |
| JP2008302277A (en) * | 2007-06-06 | 2008-12-18 | Toyobo Co Ltd | System for treating gas containing organic solvent |
| CN209317364U (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-08-30 | 北京万向新元科技股份有限公司 | A kind of pretreatment of exhaust gas and concentration condensing recovery governing system |
| CN110038427A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-07-23 | 江苏国创环保科技有限公司 | A kind of device and method for the organic exhaust gas that processing active carbon desorption generates |
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- 2021-11-26 CN CN202111417010.1A patent/CN114100348B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102764563A (en) * | 2012-07-27 | 2012-11-07 | 海湾环境科技（北京）股份有限公司 | Adsorptive compression-type oil gas recovery processing system and recovery processing technique thereof |
| CN106621788A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏科威环保技术有限公司 | System for treating flue gas escaping out of waste water |
| CN107789942A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-03-13 | 上海亿景能源科技有限公司 | Petroleum vapor recovery pretreatment unit and its technique |
| CN109351122A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-02-19 | 江苏科威环保技术有限公司 | Light component organic exhaust gas self-loopa technique and its system |
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