CN114094201A - Lithium iron phosphate battery - Google Patents
Lithium iron phosphate battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN114094201A CN114094201A CN202210076888.1A CN202210076888A CN114094201A CN 114094201 A CN114094201 A CN 114094201A CN 202210076888 A CN202210076888 A CN 202210076888A CN 114094201 A CN114094201 A CN 114094201A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/5825—Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/426—Fluorocarbon polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a lithium iron phosphate battery which comprises a shell, a roll core, a lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide electrolyte, a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece. The winding core is provided with a containing hole, and the peripheral surface of the winding core is provided with a plurality of through holes; the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece are wound on the winding core to form a battery core with the winding core, a layer of negative pole piece is arranged between two adjacent layers of positive pole pieces, the positive pole piece comprises a positive foil and a positive active substance, the positive active substance is arranged on the positive foil, the positive active substance comprises lithium iron phosphate doped with manganese, and graphene and carbon nano tubes are added in the lithium iron phosphate; the battery cell is arranged in the shell; the lithium bifluorosulfonyl imide electrolyte is arranged in the shell, and the accommodating hole of the winding core accommodates the lithium bifluorosulfonyl imide electrolyte. The lithium iron phosphate battery provided by the invention has stable electrochemical performance, has the advantages of low-temperature discharge and high-temperature-resistant energy storage, and can be normally used in high-cold and high-temperature environments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a lithium iron phosphate battery.
Background
Batteries are required to be used for electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles, electric ships, electric unmanned aerial vehicles and the like. The charge-discharge cycle frequency of the lithium iron phosphate battery can reach more than 2000 times, which is 7 times that of an acid lead battery, the charge-discharge cycle frequency of the lithium iron phosphate battery is 4 times that of a lithium battery, the weight of the lithium iron phosphate battery is between that of the acid lead battery and that of the lithium battery, the lithium iron phosphate battery is high in temperature resistance, high in safety coefficient, fast to charge, free from burst combustion even when being overcharged under high voltage and high current, capable of recovering after zero discharge, free of memory effect, and low-temperature resistant, and the efficacy of the lithium iron phosphate battery is obviously poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lithium iron phosphate battery, which has the advantages of low-temperature discharge and high-temperature-resistant energy storage.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a lithium iron phosphate battery comprising:
the winding core is provided with a containing hole in a penetrating way along the axial direction, the peripheral surface of the winding core is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the through holes are communicated with the containing hole;
the battery comprises a positive pole piece and a negative pole piece, wherein the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece are wound on a winding core to form a battery core with the winding core, a layer of negative pole piece is arranged between two adjacent layers of positive pole pieces, the positive pole piece comprises a positive foil material and a positive active material, the positive active material is arranged on the positive foil material, the positive active material comprises manganese-doped lithium iron phosphate, and graphene and carbon nano tubes are added in the lithium iron phosphate;
the battery cell is arranged in the shell;
the lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide electrolyte is arranged in the shell, and the accommodating hole of the roll core accommodates the lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide electrolyte.
Optionally, the negative electrode plate includes a negative electrode foil and a modified graphite negative electrode active material, the modified graphite negative electrode active material is disposed on the negative electrode foil, and the modified graphite negative electrode active material includes spherical graphite and amorphous carbon coated on the surface of the spherical graphite and connecting two adjacent spherical graphites.
Optionally, the negative electrode foil is coated with a negative electrode graphene layer, and the modified graphite negative electrode active material is coated on one side of the negative electrode graphene layer away from the negative electrode foil;
the positive foil is coated with a positive graphene layer, and the positive active substance is coated on one side of the positive graphene layer far away from the positive foil.
Optionally, the thickness of the positive electrode graphene layer and the thickness of the negative electrode graphene layer are both 1 micron to 3 microns.
Optionally, the particle size of the lithium iron phosphate is D50= 1.5-6 microns, the doping amount of the graphene is 0.5% -5%, the graphene is of a layered structure, the number of layers of the graphene is 3-10, and the doping amount of the carbon nanotube is 0.5% -5%.
Optionally, the through hole is a circular hole.
Optionally, the roll core is of a cylindrical structure, the through holes are arranged in a row at intervals along the axial direction of the roll core, and a plurality of rows of the through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the roll core.
Optionally, the distance between two adjacent through holes in the axial direction of the winding core is greater than the diameter of the through hole.
Optionally, a flange is disposed on the inner side of the casing, one end of the battery cell abuts against the flange, and the other end of the battery cell abuts against the bottom wall of the casing.
Optionally, a polytetrafluoroethylene diaphragm is arranged between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece.
Therefore, according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide electrolyte is not decomposed below 200 ℃, has high-temperature stability and excellent low-temperature performance, and can effectively reduce the high internal resistance of an SEI film in a low-temperature environment. The graphene and the carbon nano tube are added into the manganese-doped lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material, so that the low-temperature conductivity is increased, and the low-temperature discharge is facilitated. Roll up the core and play the effect of supporting stable positive pole piece and negative pole piece and store bifluoride sulfonyl imide lithium electrolyte function, roll up the hole that has a perfect understanding to and a plurality of through-holes with the hole intercommunication, thereby can in time supply bifluoride sulfonyl imide lithium electrolyte because of high temperature loss, make electrolyte enter into positive pole piece and negative pole piece fast, guarantee the lithium iron phosphate battery under the high temperature and normally discharge. The polytetrafluoroethylene diaphragm is adopted to effectively prevent the high-temperature diaphragm from shrinking and avoid short circuit; increasing the stability and durability of the separator in high temperature environments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a lithium iron phosphate battery provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a winding core provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a positive electrode tab according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode tab provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a winding core; 11. an accommodation hole; 12. a through hole;
2. a positive electrode plate; 21. a positive foil; 22. a positive electrode active material; 23. a positive electrode graphene layer;
3. a negative pole piece; 31. a negative foil; 32. a modified graphite negative electrode active material; 33. a negative graphene layer;
4. a housing; 41. a flange;
5. a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.
In the present invention, the directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner" and "outer" are used for easy understanding without making a contrary explanation, and thus do not limit the scope of the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The embodiment provides a lithium iron phosphate battery to make its electrochemical properties stable, compromise the advantage of low temperature discharge and high temperature resistant energy storage, can normally use under high cold and high temperature environment, application scope is wide, and the security performance is excellent.
As shown in fig. 1, the lithium iron phosphate battery provided in this embodiment includes a case 4, a winding core 1, a lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide electrolyte, a positive electrode tab 2, and a negative electrode tab 3. The positive pole piece 2 and the negative pole piece 3 are wound on the winding core 1 to form a battery core together with the winding core 1, and a layer of negative pole piece 3 is arranged between two adjacent layers of positive pole pieces 2. The assembling mode of the battery cell can be as follows: the positive pole piece 2 and the negative pole piece 3 are wound on the winding core 1 after being stacked before being wound on the winding core 1 to form the winding core 1.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the battery cell is disposed in the casing 4, and the lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide electrolyte is disposed in the casing 4. The winding core 1 has a receiving hole 11 formed through the winding core 1 in the axial direction, and a plurality of through holes 12 are formed in the circumferential surface of the winding core 1, the through holes 12 communicating with the receiving hole 11. And the receiving hole 11 of the jelly roll 1 receives the lithium bis (fluorosulfonylimide) electrolyte.
As shown in fig. 3, the positive electrode plate 2 includes a positive foil 21 and a positive active material 22, the positive active material 22 is disposed on the positive foil 21, the positive active material 22 includes manganese-doped lithium iron phosphate, and graphene and carbon nanotubes are added to the lithium iron phosphate.
The lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide electrolyte is not decomposed below 200 ℃, has high-temperature stability and excellent low-temperature performance, and can effectively reduce the high internal resistance of an SEI film in a low-temperature environment. The graphene and the carbon nano tube are added into the manganese-doped lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material, so that the low-temperature conductivity is increased, and the low-temperature discharge is facilitated. Roll up core 1 and play the effect of supporting stable positive pole piece 2 and negative pole piece 3 and store bifluoride sulfonyl imide lithium electrolyte function, roll up core 1 and have the accommodation hole 11 that link up to and a plurality of through-holes 12 with the accommodation hole 11 intercommunication, thereby can in time supply because of high temperature loss's bifluoride sulfonyl imide lithium electrolyte, make electrolyte enter into positive pole piece 2 and negative pole piece 3 fast, guarantee under the high temperature that the lithium iron phosphate battery normally discharges.
As shown in fig. 4, the negative electrode tab 3 includes a negative electrode foil 31 and a modified graphite negative electrode active material 32, and the modified graphite negative electrode active material 32 is provided on the negative electrode foil 31. The modified graphite negative electrode active material 32 and the lithium bifluorosulfonimide electrolyte form a stable SEI (solid electrolyte interphase) film in a high-temperature environment, so that the high-temperature storage life of the battery can be effectively prolonged. Further, the negative electrode foil 31 may be a copper foil. The modified graphite negative electrode active material 32 includes spherical graphite and amorphous carbon coated on the surface of the spherical graphite and connecting two adjacent spherical graphites. Preferably, the modified graphite negative active material 32 is prepared by coating a layer of phenolic resin slurry on the surface of spherical graphite, and then baking at 250-800 ℃ to obtain amorphous carbon connecting the spherical graphite.
The negative electrode foil 31 is coated with a negative electrode graphene layer 33, and the modified graphite negative electrode active material 32 is coated on one side of the negative electrode graphene layer 33, which is far away from the negative electrode foil 31.
As shown in fig. 3, the positive electrode foil 21 may be an aluminum foil. The positive electrode foil 21 is coated with a positive electrode graphene layer 23, and the positive electrode active material 22 is coated on one side of the positive electrode graphene layer 23 away from the positive electrode foil 21. The negative graphene layer 33 and the positive graphene layer 23 may effectively increase conductivity. Preferably, the positive graphene layer 23 and the negative graphene layer 33 are each 1 micron to 3 microns thick.
The particle size of the lithium iron phosphate is D50= 1.5-6 microns, the doping amount of the graphene is 0.5% -5%, the graphene is of a layered structure, the number of layers of the graphene is 3-10, and the graphene is prepared by a mechanical method. The doping amount of the carbon nano tube is 0.5-5%, and the small-diameter and thin-wall carbon nano tubes are adopted, so that the conductivity is effectively improved.
A polytetrafluoroethylene diaphragm 5 is arranged between the positive pole piece 2 and the negative pole piece 3. Specifically, a polytetrafluoroethylene diaphragm 5, a negative electrode plate 3, a polytetrafluoroethylene diaphragm 5, and a positive electrode plate 2 are laminated and wound to form a cell. The polytetrafluoroethylene diaphragm 5 has a microporous structure, so that direct contact between the positive pole piece 2 and the negative pole piece 3 is avoided, short circuit is avoided, and charged ions are allowed to pass through.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the through-hole 12 is preferably a circular hole. The round hole can avoid stress concentration, reduces or avoids the core 1 of rolling up to take place to warp at the in-process of bearing.
More recently, the winding core 1 has a cylindrical structure, the plurality of through holes 12 are arranged in a row at intervals in the axial direction of the winding core 1, and the plurality of rows of through holes 12 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the winding core 1. The arrangement mode of the through holes 12 can improve the speed of supplementing the lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide electrolyte to the positive electrode plate 2 and the negative electrode plate 3.
The interval of two axially adjacent through holes 12 along roll core 1 is greater than the diameter of through hole 12 to effectively guarantee to roll up the structural strength of core 1, avoid electric core to take place to warp.
As shown in fig. 1, preferably, the inner side of the casing 4 is provided with a flange 41, one end of the battery cell abuts against the flange 41, and the other end abuts against the bottom wall of the casing 4, so as to effectively avoid the battery cell from moving in the casing 4 and improve the stability of the battery cell. The flange 41 may be formed by pressing, that is, after the battery cell is prevented from being inside the case 4, a designated portion of the case 4 is pressed inward using a pressing apparatus to form the flange 41.
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove by way of general description, specific embodiments and experiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many modifications and improvements can be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a compromise high temperature resistant lithium iron phosphate battery of low temperature discharge which characterized in that includes:
the winding core (1) is provided with a containing hole (11) in a penetrating manner along the axial direction of the winding core (1), the peripheral surface of the winding core (1) is provided with a plurality of through holes (12), and the through holes (12) are communicated with the containing hole (11);
the battery comprises a positive pole piece (2) and a negative pole piece (3), wherein the positive pole piece (2) and the negative pole piece (3) are wound on a winding core (1) to form a battery core with the winding core (1), a layer of the negative pole piece (3) is arranged between two adjacent layers of the positive pole piece (2), the positive pole piece (2) comprises a positive foil (21) and a positive active material (22), the positive active material (22) is arranged on the positive foil (21), the positive active material (22) comprises manganese-doped lithium iron phosphate, and graphene and carbon nano tubes are added in the lithium iron phosphate;
a housing (4), the cell being disposed within the housing (4);
the lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide electrolyte is arranged in the shell (4), and the accommodating hole (11) of the roll core (1) accommodates the lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide electrolyte.
2. The lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 1, wherein the negative electrode sheet (3) comprises a negative electrode foil (31) and a modified graphite negative electrode active material (32), the modified graphite negative electrode active material (32) is disposed on the negative electrode foil (31), and the modified graphite negative electrode active material (32) comprises spherical graphite and amorphous carbon coated on the surface of the spherical graphite and connecting two adjacent spherical graphites.
3. The lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 2, characterized in that the negative electrode foil (31) is coated with a negative electrode graphene layer (33), and the modified graphite negative electrode active material (32) is coated on the side of the negative electrode graphene layer (33) away from the negative electrode foil (31);
the positive electrode foil (21) is coated with a positive electrode graphene layer (23), and the positive electrode active material (22) is coated on the positive electrode graphene layer (23) far away from one side of the positive electrode foil (21).
4. The lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 3, characterized in that the positive graphene layer (23) and the negative graphene layer (33) are each 1-3 microns thick.
5. The lithium iron phosphate battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the lithium iron phosphate is D50= 1.5-6 μm, the doping amount of the graphene is 0.5-5%, the graphene is a layered structure, the number of layers of the graphene is 3-10, and the doping amount of the carbon nanotube is 0.5-5%.
6. The lithium iron phosphate battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the through hole (12) is a circular hole.
7. The lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 6, characterized in that the winding core (1) is of a cylindrical structure, the through holes (12) are arranged in a row at intervals along the axial direction of the winding core (1), and a plurality of rows of the through holes (12) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the winding core (1).
8. The lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 7, characterized in that the distance between two adjacent through holes (12) in the axial direction of the winding core (1) is greater than the diameter of the through holes (12).
9. The lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the inside of the casing (4) is provided with a flange (41), one end of the cell abutting against the flange (41) and the other end abutting against the bottom wall of the casing (4).
10. The lithium iron phosphate battery according to claim 1, characterized in that a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane (5) is arranged between the positive pole piece (2) and the negative pole piece (3).
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CN202210076888.1A CN114094201A (en) | 2022-01-24 | 2022-01-24 | Lithium iron phosphate battery |
CN202221520124.9U CN219998291U (en) | 2022-01-24 | 2022-06-17 | Lithium iron phosphate battery |
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2022
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