CN114091984A - Power transformer operation state evaluation method and equipment - Google Patents
Power transformer operation state evaluation method and equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and equipment for evaluating the running state of a power transformer. The method comprises the steps of collecting current operation sound information, current temperature information, voltage information, current information and environment temperature information of the power transformer; calculating the current load and the average load of a set time length based on the voltage information and the current information; respectively matching the characteristics of the corresponding standard running sound information and the standard average temperature information according to the current load and the average load and environment temperature information of the set duration; extracting the characteristics of the current operation sound information of the power transformer, and obtaining the similarity of the characteristics of the current operation sound information and the characteristics of the standard operation sound information; calculating average temperature information according to the current temperature information within a set time length, and calculating the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information; and evaluating the current operation state of the power transformer according to the deviation rate and the similarity, and outputting a state evaluation result. The invention can provide a basis for the maintenance operation of the power transformer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power transformer running state evaluation, in particular to a power transformer running state evaluation method and equipment.
Background
Power transformers are widely used in power distribution networks and are mainly used to transform an ac voltage of a certain value into another or several voltages of different values. During normal operation of the transformer, there is generally a uniform hum due to the alternating magnetic flux causing the core to vibrate. The operating sound of the power transformer changes with the load and the operating state, and the operating temperature of the power transformer is influenced not only by the load but also by the ambient temperature and the operating state. When the problems of component looseness, poor contact, insulation reduction caused by winding aging, poor heat dissipation and the like of the power transformer occur, the problems can be displayed through abnormal operation sound and operation temperature. In the prior art, the operation state of the power transformer is generally judged directly through the sound or the temperature of the power transformer, but the accuracy of simply judging the operation state from the operation sound and the operation temperature of the power transformer is not high due to the influence of normal factors. Therefore, improvements are needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and equipment for evaluating the running state of a power transformer, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a power transformer operating state evaluation method, including:
the method comprises the steps of collecting standard operation sound information of the power transformer under various loads, average load under set time and standard average temperature information under various environmental temperatures in advance, extracting characteristics of the standard operation sound information, and respectively storing the corresponding relationship between the characteristics of the extracted standard operation sound information and the load and the corresponding relationship between the standard average temperature information and the average load and the environmental temperature under the set time;
collecting current operation sound information, current temperature information, voltage information, current information and environment temperature information of the power transformer during the period of putting the power transformer into use;
calculating the current load and the average load of a set time length of the power transformer based on the voltage information and the current information;
respectively matching the characteristics of the corresponding standard operation sound information and the standard average temperature information according to the current load of the power transformer and the average load and environment temperature information of the set duration;
extracting the characteristics of the current operation sound information of the power transformer, and calculating the similarity between the extracted characteristics and the characteristics of the standard operation sound information;
calculating average temperature information according to the current temperature information within a set time length, and calculating the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information;
and evaluating the current running state of the power transformer according to the deviation rate and the similarity, and outputting a state evaluation result.
Further, equally dividing the current operation sound information of the power transformer within a set time into n samples, wherein the evaluation of the current operation state of the power transformer specifically includes:
calculating a state score according to the deviation rate and the similarity:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the state score of a set budget period,
respectively calculating the similarity according to n samples in a set time length, wherein n is a natural number more than 2,
in order to take the minimum function, a is a set first weight, D is the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information, and b is a set second weight.
Further, the features include time domain features and frequency domain features, and when the similarity between the extracted features and the features of the standard operation sound information is calculated, the similarity between the extracted time domain features and the time domain features of the standard operation sound information and the similarity between the extracted frequency domain features and the time domain features of the standard operation sound information are calculated respectively, and then the similarity between the time domain features and the similarity between the frequency domain features are weighted and summed.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a power transformer operation state evaluation device, including:
the storage unit is used for respectively storing the corresponding relation between the characteristics of the standard operation sound information of the power transformer and the load and the corresponding relation between the standard average temperature information and the average load and the ambient temperature in the set time length, wherein the standard average temperature information comprises the average temperature information under various average loads in the set time length and various ambient temperatures, and the characteristics of the standard operation sound information of the power transformer are obtained by extracting the characteristics of the operation sound information under the normal operation state of the power transformer;
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring current operation sound information, current temperature information, voltage information, current information and environment temperature information of the power transformer during the period of putting the power transformer into use;
the load calculation unit is used for calculating the current load of the power transformer and the average load of a set time length on the basis of the voltage information and the current information;
the matching unit is used for respectively matching the characteristics of the corresponding standard running sound information and the standard average temperature information according to the current load of the power transformer and the average load and environment temperature information of the set duration;
the characteristic similarity calculation unit is used for extracting the characteristics of the current operation sound information of the power transformer and calculating the similarity between the extracted characteristics and the characteristics of the standard operation sound information;
the temperature deviation ratio calculation unit is used for calculating average temperature information according to the current temperature information in the set time length and calculating the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information;
and the state output unit is used for evaluating the current operation state of the power transformer according to the deviation rate and the similarity and outputting a state evaluation result.
Further, equally dividing the current operation sound information of the power transformer within a set time into n samples, wherein the evaluation of the current operation state of the power transformer specifically includes:
calculating a state score according to the deviation rate and the similarity:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the state score of a set budget period,
respectively calculating the similarity according to n samples in a set time length, wherein n is a natural number more than 2,
in order to take the minimum function, a is a set first weight, D is the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information, and b is a set second weight.
Further, the features include time domain features and frequency domain features, and when the similarity between the extracted features and the features of the standard operation sound information is calculated, the similarity between the extracted time domain features and the time domain features of the standard operation sound information and the similarity between the extracted frequency domain features and the time domain features of the standard operation sound information are calculated respectively, and then the similarity between the time domain features and the similarity between the frequency domain features are weighted and summed.
Has the advantages that: the invention can effectively identify the abnormal operation sound and temperature rise phenomena of the power transformer caused by aging, instantaneous and intermittent faults and the like by acquiring the standard operation sound information of the power transformer under various loads, the average load under various set time lengths and the standard average temperature information under various environmental temperatures in advance and storing, and comparing the calculated operation sound information and the temperature information with the standard operation sound information and the standard average temperature information during the operation period through the real-time acquired operation sound and temperature information, thereby evaluating the operation state of the power transformer and providing a basis for the overhaul operation of the power transformer.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for evaluating an operating condition of a power transformer;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power transformer operation state evaluation apparatus.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are carried out on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and it should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating an operating state of a power transformer, including:
the method comprises the steps of collecting standard operation sound information of the power transformer under various loads, average loads under various set time lengths and standard average temperature information under various ambient temperatures in advance, extracting characteristics of the standard operation sound information, and storing corresponding relations between the characteristics of the extracted standard operation sound information and the loads and corresponding relations between the standard average temperature information and the average loads and the ambient temperatures of the set time lengths respectively. And acquiring standard operation sound information and standard average temperature information under the condition that the power transformer operates normally. Generally, the operation sounds of power transformers of the same specification and model under the same load condition are basically consistent, and the operation temperatures of the power transformers are also basically consistent under the same load and the same ambient temperature, and the corresponding relation can be obtained through a simulation experiment. The set time period setting may be 10S, 30S, 1 minute, or the like, for the purpose of one evaluation using the sampled data within the set time period.
During the period of putting the power transformer into use, the current operation sound information, the current temperature information, the voltage information, the current information and the environment temperature information of the power transformer are collected.
And calculating the current load of the power transformer and the average load of a set time length based on the voltage information and the current information. The average load is the ratio of the sum of all sample numbers of the current load of the power transformer in a set time length to the sample number.
And respectively matching the characteristics of the corresponding standard operation sound information and the standard average temperature information according to the current load of the power transformer and the average load and the environment temperature information of the set time length. Specifically, the characteristics of the standard operation sound information corresponding to the load can be matched from the stored data according to the current load of the power transformer. The average load and ambient temperature information according to the set time period may be matched from the stored data to the standard average temperature information. It should be noted that, because the time of the set time duration is short, the ambient temperature information does not generate abrupt change in the set time duration, the ambient temperature information at the start point of the set time duration and the end point of the set time duration are basically the same, and the ambient temperature at the start point or the end point can be directly adopted.
And extracting the characteristics of the current operation sound information of the power transformer, and calculating the similarity between the extracted characteristics and the characteristics of the standard operation sound information. Specifically, in order to ensure accuracy, the feature preferably includes a time domain feature and a frequency domain feature, and when the similarity between the extracted feature and the feature of the standard operation sound information is calculated, the similarity between the extracted time domain feature and the time domain feature of the standard operation sound information and the similarity between the extracted frequency domain feature and the time domain feature of the standard operation sound information are calculated respectively, and then the similarity between the time domain feature and the similarity between the frequency domain feature are weighted and summed. Before feature extraction, denoising processing can be carried out on the collected running sound.
And calculating average temperature information according to the current temperature information in the set time length, and calculating the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information. The average temperature information is the ratio of the sum of the samples of the current temperature information in a set time to the number of the samples. The deviation ratio is the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information to the standard average temperature information.
And evaluating the current operation state of the power transformer according to the deviation rate and the similarity, and outputting a state evaluation result. Specifically, equally dividing the current operation sound information of the power transformer within a set time into n samples, and evaluating the current operation state of the power transformer specifically includes:
calculating a state score according to the deviation rate and the similarity:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the state score of a set budget period,
in order to respectively calculate the similarity according to n samples in a set time length, specifically, n is a natural number more than 2,
in order to take the minimum function, a is a set first weight, D is the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information, and b is a set second weight. The values of the first weight and the second weight can be set according to actual needs, and the first weight and the second weight are respectively 0.5 for illustration,
the value range of (1) is between 0 and 1, and the state evaluation result can be divided into normal, mild abnormity and severe abnormity, such as
Is more than 0.9 as normal, will
The value of (A) is between 0.7 and 0.9, which is classified as mild abnormality, will
A value of 0.7 or less is listed as a severe anomaly.
Based on the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the present invention further provides a power transformer operating state evaluation device, which includes a storage unit 1, a collection unit 2, a load calculation unit 3, a matching unit 4, a feature similarity calculation unit 5, a temperature deviation ratio calculation unit 6, and a state output unit 7.
The storage unit 1 is configured to store a corresponding relationship between features of standard operation sound information of the power transformer and loads and a corresponding relationship between standard average temperature information and average loads and ambient temperatures of a set time period, respectively, where the standard average temperature information includes average temperature information at a plurality of average loads of the set time period and a plurality of ambient temperatures, and the features of the standard operation sound information of the power transformer are obtained by extracting features of operation sound information of the power transformer in a normal operation state. Generally, the operation sounds of power transformers of the same specification and model under the same load condition are basically consistent, and the operation temperatures of the power transformers are also basically consistent under the same load and the same ambient temperature, and the corresponding relation can be obtained through a simulation experiment. The set time period setting can be 5S or 10S, etc., so as to perform one evaluation by using the sampling data within the set time period.
The acquisition unit 2 is used for acquiring current operation sound information, current temperature information, voltage information, current information and environment temperature information of the power transformer during the period of putting the power transformer into use.
The load calculation unit 3 is used for calculating the current load of the power transformer and the average load of the set time length based on the voltage information and the current information. The average load is the ratio of the sum of all sample numbers of the current load of the power transformer in a set time length to the sample number.
The matching unit 4 is used for respectively matching the characteristics of the corresponding standard operation sound information and the standard average temperature information according to the current load of the power transformer and the average load and the environment temperature information of the set time length. Specifically, the characteristics of the standard operation sound information corresponding to the load can be matched from the stored data according to the current load of the power transformer. The average load and ambient temperature information according to the set time period may be matched from the stored data to the standard average temperature information. It should be noted that, because the time of the set time duration is short, the ambient temperature information does not generate abrupt change in the set time duration, the ambient temperature information at the start point of the set time duration and the end point of the set time duration are basically the same, and the ambient temperature at the start point or the end point can be directly adopted.
The feature similarity calculation unit 5 is configured to perform feature extraction on the current operation sound information of the power transformer, and calculate a similarity between the extracted features and features of the standard operation sound information. Specifically, in order to ensure accuracy, the feature preferably includes a time domain feature and a frequency domain feature, and when the similarity between the extracted feature and the feature of the standard operation sound information is calculated, the similarity between the extracted time domain feature and the time domain feature of the standard operation sound information and the similarity between the extracted frequency domain feature and the time domain feature of the standard operation sound information are calculated respectively, and then the similarity between the time domain feature and the similarity between the frequency domain feature are weighted and summed. Before feature extraction, denoising processing can be carried out on the collected running sound.
The temperature deviation ratio calculation unit 6 is used for calculating average temperature information according to the current temperature information in the set time length, and calculating the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information. The average temperature information is the ratio of the sum of the samples of the current temperature information in a set time to the number of the samples. The deviation ratio is the ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information to the standard average temperature information.
The state output unit 7 is used for evaluating the current operation state of the power transformer according to the deviation rate and the similarity, and outputting a state evaluation result. Specifically, equally dividing the current operation sound information of the power transformer within a set time into n samples, and evaluating the current operation state of the power transformer specifically includes:
calculating a state score according to the deviation rate and the similarity:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the state score of a set budget period,
in order to respectively calculate the similarity according to n samples in a set time length, specifically, n is a natural number more than 2,
in order to take the minimum function, a is a set first weight, D is the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information, and b is a set second weight. The values of the first weight and the second weight can be set according to actual needs, and the first weight and the second weight are respectively 0.5 for illustration,
the value range of (1) is between 0 and 1, and the state evaluation result can be divided into normal, mild abnormity and severe abnormity, such as
Is more than 0.9 as normal, will
The value of (A) is between 0.7 and 0.9, which is classified as mild abnormality, will
A value of 0.7 or less is listed as a severe anomaly.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that other parts not specifically described are within the prior art or common general knowledge to those of ordinary skill in the art. Without departing from the principle of the invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A power transformer operation state evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of collecting standard operation sound information of the power transformer under various loads, average load under set time and standard average temperature information under various environmental temperatures in advance, extracting characteristics of the standard operation sound information, and respectively storing the corresponding relationship between the characteristics of the extracted standard operation sound information and the load and the corresponding relationship between the standard average temperature information and the average load and the environmental temperature under the set time;
collecting current operation sound information, current temperature information, voltage information, current information and environment temperature information of the power transformer during the period of putting the power transformer into use;
calculating the current load and the average load of a set time length of the power transformer based on the voltage information and the current information;
respectively matching the characteristics of the corresponding standard operation sound information and the standard average temperature information according to the current load of the power transformer and the average load and environment temperature information of the set duration;
extracting the characteristics of the current operation sound information of the power transformer, and calculating the similarity between the extracted characteristics and the characteristics of the standard operation sound information;
calculating average temperature information according to the current temperature information within a set time length, and calculating the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information;
and evaluating the current running state of the power transformer according to the deviation rate and the similarity, and outputting a state evaluation result.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the current operation sound information of the power transformer within a set time period is equally divided into n samples, and the evaluation of the current operation state of the power transformer specifically comprises:
calculating a state score according to the deviation rate and the similarity:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the state score of a set budget period,
respectively calculating the similarity according to n samples in a set time length, wherein n is a natural number more than 2,
in order to take the minimum function, a is a set first weight, D is the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information, and b is a set second weight.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the features include time domain features and frequency domain features, and when the similarity between the extracted features and the features of the standard operation sound information is calculated, the similarity between the extracted time domain features and the time domain features of the standard operation sound information and the similarity between the extracted frequency domain features and the time domain features of the standard operation sound information are calculated respectively, and then the similarity between the time domain features and the similarity between the frequency domain features are weighted and summed.
4. An operating state evaluation device for a power transformer, comprising:
the storage unit is used for respectively storing the corresponding relation between the characteristics of the standard operation sound information of the power transformer and the load and the corresponding relation between the standard average temperature information and the average load and the ambient temperature in the set time length, wherein the standard average temperature information comprises the average temperature information under various average loads in the set time length and various ambient temperatures, and the characteristics of the standard operation sound information of the power transformer are obtained by extracting the characteristics of the operation sound information under the normal operation state of the power transformer;
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring current operation sound information, current temperature information, voltage information, current information and environment temperature information of the power transformer during the period of putting the power transformer into use;
the load calculation unit is used for calculating the current load of the power transformer and the average load of a set time length on the basis of the voltage information and the current information;
the matching unit is used for respectively matching the characteristics of the corresponding standard running sound information and the standard average temperature information according to the current load of the power transformer and the average load and environment temperature information of the set duration;
the characteristic similarity calculation unit is used for extracting the characteristics of the current operation sound information of the power transformer and calculating the similarity between the extracted characteristics and the characteristics of the standard operation sound information;
the temperature deviation ratio calculation unit is used for calculating average temperature information according to the current temperature information in the set time length and calculating the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information;
and the state output unit is used for evaluating the current operation state of the power transformer according to the deviation rate and the similarity and outputting a state evaluation result.
5. The power transformer operation state evaluation device according to claim 4, wherein the current operation sound information of the power transformer within a set time period is equally divided into n samples, and the evaluation of the current operation state of the power transformer specifically comprises:
calculating a state score according to the deviation rate and the similarity:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the state score of a set budget period,
respectively calculating the similarity according to n samples in a set time length, wherein n is a natural number more than 2,
in order to take the minimum function, a is a set first weight, D is the deviation ratio of the average temperature information and the standard average temperature information, and b is a set second weight.
6. The power transformer operation state evaluation device according to claim 4, wherein the features include time domain features and frequency domain features, and when the similarity between the extracted features and the features of the standard operation sound information is calculated, the similarity between the extracted time domain features and the time domain features of the standard operation sound information and the similarity between the extracted frequency domain features and the time domain features of the standard operation sound information are calculated respectively, and then the similarity between the time domain features and the similarity between the frequency domain features are weighted and summed.
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