CN114088998A - Electric safety early warning type smart electric meter - Google Patents
Electric safety early warning type smart electric meter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an electric safety early warning type intelligent electric meter, and relates to the field of intelligent electric meters. The electric safety early warning type intelligent electric meter provided by the invention adopts high integration, and meanwhile, a proper communication module can be selected according to the actual deployment condition of a project, so that the deployment cost is reduced. The system design adopts a highly integrated high-performance low-power-consumption processor to form edge calculation, a residual current monitoring circuit is added on the basis of the prepayment electric meter, an alarm mode is innovated, threshold value alarm is mostly adopted in the traditional residual current monitoring, the system can analyze the change trend of the residual current and combine various factors such as the temperature rise condition of a line, the original waveform of current and voltage and the like to obtain the risk trend of the circuit, and the trend graph is displayed in real time by combining a software platform to better early warn the risk, so that the false alarm rate is greatly reduced on the premise of meeting the prepayment electric meter and the electric safety early warning in function.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent electric meters, in particular to an electric safety early warning type intelligent electric meter.
Background
With the progress of science and technology and the development of society, more and more electronic products are applied to production and life, and along with the use of the electronic products, an electric meter is indispensable electrical basic equipment.
At present, most of electric meters used in the market have a pure metering function, and for example, in a market application, a property company needs to meter and count the electricity consumption of each merchant at regular time every month, then calculates the electricity fee of each merchant, and the merchant pays the electricity fee to a property center according to an electricity fee bill provided by the property, so that a large amount of time and manpower are consumed.
Prepayment ammeter on the market mostly carries out the prepayment with the mode that the plug-in card was supplemented with money, and the merchant can't look over oneself power consumption in the month in real time through APP, also can't directly carry out the charges of electricity through APP and supplement with money, can't be more reasonable with judging whether useful ability is extravagant with the ability according to historical ability trend analysis, whether the merchant inner circuit has electric leakage danger, functions such as block terminal circuit temperature. Brings inconvenience to both the merchant and the property.
Meanwhile, the market construction initial stage is in the cost consideration and generally can not establish a residual current monitoring module for each merchant, generally, a fire-fighting residual current monitoring and alarming system is established for meeting fire-fighting requirements, the traditional residual current monitoring system mostly adopts the partition monitoring, the monitoring is carried out by using a residual current threshold value, and the residual current monitoring and alarming system is transmitted to a monitoring center through a communication network to carry out the centralized processing mode, so that the problems of high false alarm rate, insufficient monitoring precision, no line aging on-line monitoring, no real-time checking of all distribution box electric leakage change curves and the like are brought.
Because the block terminal generally sets up comparatively concealably, the unable monitoring of distribution lines temperature rise condition, if there is the overheated scheduling problem of circuit, hidden danger can't in time be got rid of in discovery.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide an electric safety precaution type smart meter to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an electric safety early warning type intelligent ammeter which comprises an MCU data processing unit, an electric energy metering unit, a residual flow monitoring circuit, an output execution control unit, an electric energy sampling unit and a power supply circuit.
Specifically, the MCU data processing unit is responsible for data acquisition, data calculation and output control in the intelligent electric meter and is respectively and electrically connected with the electric energy metering unit, the residual flow monitoring circuit, the output control unit and the power supply circuit through the peripheral circuit.
The MCU data processing unit comprises an MCU processing chip and an MCU peripheral circuit; the electric energy metering unit comprises a three-phase electric energy metering chip and a metering peripheral circuit; the output execution control unit is a circuit based on magnetic latching relay drive, and comprises a magnetic latching relay drive chip and a drive chip peripheral circuit; the electric energy sampling unit comprises a voltage sampling circuit and a current sampling circuit and is electrically connected with the residual flow monitoring circuit and the electric energy metering unit respectively.
As a further solution, a communication unit is also electrically connected with the MCU data processing unit, wherein the communication unit comprises a wired communication module and a wireless communication module; the wired communication module is arranged through an RS485 circuit and realizes local wired communication; the wireless communication module comprises one or a combination of a plurality of 4G/GPRS modules, a Lora module, a WiFi module and an NB module.
As a further solution, a cloud server is arranged at a far end, a client APP remote management end is arranged at a user, and a property management end is arranged at a property; the cloud server establishes wireless communication connection with a client APP remote management end, a property management end and a wireless communication module of the electric safety early warning type intelligent electric meter through a wireless network protocol;
specifically, MCU data processing unit regularly with the ammeter gather energy consumption data, electric current, voltage, residual current, temperature, surplus prestore charges of electricity, circuit running state data send the cloud ware through the wireless communication module, the cloud ware is categorised and is consolidated in combination management end demand to each data, presents on customer APP remote management end, property management end.
As a further solution, a display and input unit is connected with the MCU data processing unit; the display and input unit comprises a display screen and an input key, wherein the display screen is used for displaying parameters of the state machine of the electric meter, and the input key is locally arranged on the electric meter and can be directly operated.
As a further solution, a local sound-light alarm unit is also connected with the MCU data processing unit; the local sound-light alarm unit comprises a fault alarm lamp and a fault alarm bell; wherein, the fault alarm lamp includes active pulse lamp, fault alarm lamp and tripping alarm lamp.
As a further solution, the customer APP remote management end, the property management end and the display and input unit can inquire the remaining electricity charge balance of the electric meter in real time, the MCU data processing unit calculates the energy consumption by combining the energy consumption data counted by the electric energy metering unit with the pre-stored electricity charge data, if the pre-stored electricity charge is zero, the output of the electric meter is cut off through the output execution control unit, and meanwhile, the local acousto-optic alarm unit, the customer APP remote management end and the property management end are used for giving an alarm synchronously to prompt the customer to recharge and pay in time; when the customer pays the fee through the customer APP remote management end/property management end, the prepayment electric fee is not zero, and the electric meter is switched on to normally output through the output execution control unit.
As a further solution, the MCU data processing unit monitors the residual current according to a residual current monitoring circuit; the MCU data processing unit compares the residual current with a safety threshold, and if the residual current is not higher than the safety threshold, the MCU data processing unit is regarded as primary safety; if the safety threshold value is higher than the safety threshold value, the alarm is regarded as unsafe, and safety alarm is carried out;
if the monitoring is preliminary safety, continuously monitoring: when the residual current fluctuation value is larger than the fluctuation threshold value or the residual current is in a rising state all the time and exceeds the rising threshold value, the situation that the potential risk exists is judged, potential risk alarm is carried out, prompt is carried out on a display screen of a display input unit, related information is synchronously sent to a cloud server, and maintenance personnel are informed to eliminate the cause of the potential risk; if the residual current fluctuation value is not larger than the fluctuation threshold value or the residual current rise value in unit time is larger than the rise threshold value, the circuit is normal and the continuous monitoring is kept.
As further solution, with what MCU data processing unit connects is temperature monitoring circuit in addition, temperature monitoring circuit is provided with multiunit temperature sampling circuit, and is the same circuit structure, temperature monitoring circuit is used for detecting each power consumption circuit \ equipment real-time temperature in the block terminal, if exceed the temperature safety threshold, then report to the police through local audible and visual alarm unit and customer APP remote management end, property management end in step, customer APP remote management end, property management end can look over the temperature variation curve in real time.
As a further solution, the power supply circuit provides corresponding voltage power supply according to the requirements of each part of the design, wherein the RS485 communication circuit power supply supplies power for a complete isolation power supply.
Compared with the related art, the electric safety early warning type intelligent ammeter provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the electric safety early warning type intelligent electric meter provided by the invention adopts high integration, and meanwhile, a proper communication module can be selected according to the actual deployment condition of a project, so that the deployment cost is reduced. The system design adopts a highly integrated high-performance low-power-consumption processor to form edge calculation, threshold value alarming is mostly adopted in the traditional residual current monitoring, the circuit risk trend can be obtained by analyzing the residual current development trend in combination with various factors such as the circuit temperature rise condition, the current and voltage original waveform and the like, the trend graph can be displayed in real time in combination with a cloud platform, and the risk can be well pre-warned.
Therefore, the invention greatly reduces the false alarm rate on the premise of meeting the pre-payment ammeter and electric safety early warning in function.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic system diagram of a preferred embodiment of an electric safety early warning type smart meter according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of an electric energy measuring unit of a preferred embodiment of the electric safety early warning type smart meter according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a display and input unit of a preferred embodiment of an electric safety early warning type smart meter according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a local sound-light alarm unit in a preferred embodiment of the electric safety early warning type smart electric meter provided by the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an MCU data processing unit of a preferred embodiment of an electrical safety early warning type smart meter according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a wireless communication module according to a preferred embodiment of the electric safety early warning type smart meter provided in the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a basic communication module according to a preferred embodiment of the electric safety early warning type smart meter provided in the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a remaining flow monitoring circuit of a preferred embodiment of an electrical safety early warning type smart meter according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of an output execution control unit according to a preferred embodiment of the electric safety early warning type smart meter provided in the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a temperature monitoring circuit of a preferred embodiment of an electrical safety early warning type smart meter according to the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a voltage sampling circuit of a preferred embodiment of an electric safety early warning type smart meter according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic circuit diagram of a current sampling circuit of a preferred embodiment of an electrical safety early warning type smart meter according to the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit of a preferred embodiment of an electric safety early warning type smart meter according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 13, the embodiment provides an electric safety early warning type smart meter, which includes an MCU data processing unit, an electric energy metering unit, a remaining flow monitoring circuit, an output execution control unit, an electric energy sampling unit, and a power supply circuit.
Specifically, the MCU data processing unit is responsible for data acquisition, data calculation and output control in the intelligent electric meter and is respectively and electrically connected with the electric energy metering unit, the residual flow monitoring circuit, the output control unit and the power supply circuit through the peripheral circuit.
The MCU data processing unit comprises an MCU processing chip and an MCU peripheral circuit; the electric energy metering unit comprises a three-phase electric energy metering chip and a metering peripheral circuit; the output execution control unit is a circuit based on magnetic latching relay drive, and comprises a magnetic latching relay drive chip and a drive chip peripheral circuit; the electric energy sampling unit comprises a voltage sampling circuit and a current sampling circuit and is electrically connected with the residual flow monitoring circuit and the electric energy metering unit respectively.
It should be noted that: in order to solve the problems, the invention provides an electric safety early warning type intelligent ammeter which is characterized in that edge calculation is formed by high integration and strong operation capability of a high-performance low-power consumption MCU, functions of metering, prepayment, high-resolution residual current monitoring, automatic power-off protection and the like are realized by matching an electric energy metering unit, a residual flow monitoring circuit, an output execution control unit and an electric energy sampling unit, APP remote recharging and payment can be realized by matching a software platform, and meanwhile, the problems that a property side is long in electricity charging time, large in personnel demand and incapable of early warning of electric safety are solved; electric safety early warning type smart electric meter adopts high integration, can select suitable communication module according to the actual condition of deploying of project again simultaneously, reduces and deploys the cost. The system design adopts a highly integrated processor with high performance and low power consumption to form edge calculation, the traditional residual current monitoring mostly adopts threshold value alarming, the invention can analyze the residual current development trend by combining with various factors such as the line temperature rise condition, the current and voltage original waveform and the like to obtain the circuit risk trend, can combine with a cloud platform to display the trend graph in real time, and can better pre-warn the risk.
In this embodiment, the MCU data processing unit mainly includes a high-performance low-power processor, a clock circuit, and a memory unit, which are responsible for integrating core capabilities of data calculation, storage, and application in the electric meter, and is the brain of the electric meter. The MCU processing chip is of a type V8530 as an example, and is electrically connected with each unit and the circuit through a plurality of chip pins,the chip pins comprise a power supply pin, a clock pin, a programming control pin and an I/O pin; wherein the MCU peripheral circuit comprises an I with a model number of 24c5122C two-wire EEPROM memory chip, crystal oscillator of 32768HZ, programming control plug-in J22D and a plurality of basic peripheral circuit elements; the MCU processing chip is connected with the I through two I/O pins2The C two-wire EEPROM memory chip is electrically connected, the MCU processing chip is electrically connected with a crystal oscillator of 32768HZ through a clock pin, and the MCU processing chip is electrically connected with a programming control plug-in J22D through a programming control pin.
The model of three-phase electric energy metering chip uses V9203 as an example, and includes three groups of voltage sampling pins that correspond A looks, B looks, C looks setting, three groups of current sampling pins and the measurement clock pin that correspond A looks, B looks, C looks setting, measurement peripheral circuit includes 13.1072 MHZ's measurement crystal oscillator and a plurality of basic peripheral circuit component, three-phase electric energy metering chip passes through measurement clock pin and measurement crystal oscillator electric connection.
It should be noted that: the metering unit is high-precision electric energy metering, and is mainly used for counting electricity consumption by current sampling and voltage sampling, and simultaneously providing data such as actual voltage, current, active/reactive/apparent power/energy, frequency, power factor, voltage/current signal original waveform and the like for the MCU data processing unit.
Specifically, correspond A looks, B looks and C looks and respectively be provided with three group's voltage sampling circuit and current sampling circuit, and every voltage sampling circuit of group, every current sampling circuit of group all adopt the same circuit structure, wherein:
the A-phase voltage sampling circuit comprises a voltage sampling plug-in J4, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a resistor R17, a resistor R18, a resistor R22 and a capacitor C22; the voltage sampling circuit is sequentially connected with a voltage plug J4, a resistor R14, a resistor R15, a resistor R16, a resistor R17 and a resistor R18 in series, one end of the resistor R22 is grounded after the resistor R22 and a capacitor C22 are connected in parallel, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected in series, and the common point is electrically connected with an I/O pin of the MCU processing chip as an access point of an A-phase voltage sampling pin;
the current sampling pin comprises a P end and an N end, and the A-phase current sampling circuit comprises a current sampling plug-in J1, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, a resistor R19, a resistor R23, a capacitor C18 and a capacitor C21; the current sampling plug-in J1 comprises a terminal 1 and a terminal 2, one end of the resistor R13 is connected with the terminal 2, and the other end of the resistor R13 is grounded; one end of the resistor R12 is connected with the terminal 2, and the other end is connected with the capacitor C18 in series and then grounded; one end of the resistor R19 is connected with the terminal 1, and the other end is grounded; one end of the resistor R23 is connected with the terminal 1, and the other end is connected with the capacitor C21 in series and then is grounded; the series point of the resistor R12 and the capacitor C18 is used as a current sampling pin N end access point, the resistor R23 and the capacitor C21 are used as a current sampling pin P end access point, and the pin N end access point and the pin P end access point are respectively electrically connected with an I/O pin of the MCU processing chip.
In this embodiment, the output execution control unit is a magnetic latching relay drive unit, three groups are provided corresponding to the a phase, the B phase and the C phase, and each group of output execution control units adopts the same circuit structure; the model of the A-phase magnetic latching relay driving chip is MD7620 as an example, and comprises an INA pin, an INB pin, a GND pin, a VDD pin, an OA pin and an OB pin, and the A-phase driving chip peripheral circuit comprises a resistor R67, a resistor R69, a resistor R65, a polar capacitor C46, a capacitor C48 and a successive electrical plug-in; the INA pin is connected with a resistor R67 in series and then is electrically connected with an I/O pin of the MCU processing chip; the INB pin is connected with a resistor R69 in series and then is electrically connected with an I/O pin of the MCU processing chip; the GND pin is grounded, the VDD pin is connected with a resistor R65 in series and then connected with 9V direct current, a capacitor C48 is connected with the VDD pin, the other end of the capacitor C48 is grounded, a polar capacitor C46 is connected between the capacitor C48 and the resistor R65 in a bridging manner, the positive electrode of the polar capacitor C46 is connected with the 9V direct current, and the negative electrode of the polar capacitor C46 is grounded; the OA pin and the OB pin are respectively connected with two terminals of the A successive electric appliance plug-in.
It should be noted that: this embodiment output execution control unit mainly says through this part cutting off output appearing the ammeter arrearage or appearing the electrical safety problem, in time ends the loss, prevents that harm from further expanding, and this part cooperates local audible-visual alarm unit, and synchronous action will receive corresponding alarm signal in APP management end simultaneously.
In this embodiment, the residual flow monitoring circuit is provided with two ports, namely an INN port and an INP port, and is electrically connected to the MCU processing chip through I/O pins, and the residual flow monitoring circuit includes a residual flow sampling plug J15, a resistor R63, a resistor R61, a resistor R66, a resistor R68, a capacitor C47, and a capacitor C49; the residual flow sampling plug J15 comprises a residual flow terminal 1 and a residual flow terminal 2, one end of the resistor R63 is connected with the residual flow terminal 2, and the other end of the resistor R63 is grounded; one end of the resistor R61 is connected with the residual flow terminal 2, and the other end is connected with the capacitor C47 in series and then grounded; one end of the resistor R66 is connected with the residual flow terminal 1, and the other end is grounded; one end of the resistor R68 is connected with the terminal 1, and the other end is connected with the capacitor C49 in series and then is grounded; the series point of the resistor R61 and the capacitor C47 is used as an INN end access point, the series point of the resistor R68 and the capacitor C49 is used as an INP end access point, and the INN end and the INP end are respectively and electrically connected with an I/O pin of the MCU processing chip.
It should be noted that: the residual current monitoring unit that this embodiment provided mainly handles the analysis to residual current sampling signal, accomplishes high resolution and high sampling rate through independent accurate ADC, transmits the residual current sampling signal through the high resolution and carries out subsequent analysis for MCU processing chip to accomplish the electric hazard early warning.
As a further solution, a communication unit is also electrically connected with the MCU data processing unit, wherein the communication unit comprises a wired communication module and a wireless communication module; the wired communication module is arranged through an RS485 circuit and realizes local wired communication; the wireless communication module comprises one or a combination of a plurality of 4G/GPRS modules, a Lora module, a WiFi module and an NB module.
It should be noted that: this implementation communication module unit have two kinds of communications, wherein RS485 is for must joining in marriage communication module, as wired communication and debugging interface, and the wireless communication module has 4G GPRS module, lora module, WIFI module and NB module, selects one from four according to the use occasion actual conditions, selects suitable communication module to carry out the network deployment, 4G GPRS module, lora module, WIFI module and NB module adopt like the circuit shown in figure 6, do not need to describe here again.
In addition, according to the electric safety early warning type smart electric meter provided by the embodiment, all data need to be sent to the cloud end in principle, and the cloud server can select domestic main cloud service providers or self-built cloud servers. A management platform can be further constructed at the cloud end, the management platform mainly comprises a property management end and a client APP remote management end, and the management platform is selected and configured according to use occasions.
The property management end mainly aims at application scenes of commercial and office buildings, a power distribution system is provided with a special property engineering management department, the property management end can be arranged, all terminal customers in a management range are managed in a centralized mode, the property management end can set customer accounts according to the installation position of each electric meter in each household, the functions of configuring parameters and quantity of all electric meters, naming each temperature sensor and the like are achieved through a temperature monitoring circuit, remote monitoring is further conducted on electricity safety early warning information, if the electric meters send alarm information, the alarm information is timely processed, fault points are located quickly, and hidden dangers are eliminated.
Customer APP remote management end, every ammeter or polylith ammeter all can correspond an APP account, and the customer can dispose ammeter parameter, quantity in the APP account of oneself, and the temperature monitoring circuit names every temperature sensor. APP can check the balance of the electric charge of the electric meter, recharge the electric meter, compare and analyze energy consumption, use energy curve, remote control, electric safety risk trend, monitored point position temperature value and set corresponding alarm threshold values.
As a further solution, a cloud server is arranged at a far end, a client APP remote management end is arranged at a user, and a property management end is arranged at a property; the cloud server establishes wireless communication connection with a client APP remote management end, a property management end and a wireless communication module of the electric safety early warning type intelligent electric meter through a wireless network protocol;
specifically, MCU data processing unit regularly with the ammeter gather energy consumption data, electric current, voltage, residual current, temperature, surplus prestore charges of electricity, circuit running state data send the cloud ware through the wireless communication module, the cloud ware is categorised and is consolidated in combination management end demand to each data, presents on customer APP remote management end, property management end.
As a further solution, a display and input unit is connected with the MCU data processing unit; the display and input unit comprises a display screen and an input key, wherein the display screen is used for displaying parameters of the state machine of the electric meter, and the input key is locally arranged on the electric meter and can be directly operated.
It should be noted that: the display and input unit described in this embodiment is mainly used for displaying internal parameters of the electric meter and related alarm information, and the display and input unit uses a circuit as shown in fig. 3 through a key selection menu and related parameter adjustment, which is not described herein again.
As a further solution, a local sound-light alarm unit is also connected with the MCU data processing unit; the local acousto-optic alarm unit comprises a fault alarm lamp and a fault alarm bell; wherein, the fault alarm lamp includes active pulse lamp, fault alarm lamp and tripping operation alarm lamp.
It should be noted that: the local sound-light alarm unit described in this embodiment mainly outputs various alarm sounds and indicator light signals according to the alarm types set by the MCU data processing unit, and the local sound-light alarm unit employs a circuit as shown in fig. 4, which is not described herein again.
As a further solution, the customer APP remote management end, the property management end and the display and input unit can inquire the remaining electricity charge balance of the electric meter in real time, the MCU data processing unit calculates the energy consumption by combining the energy consumption data counted by the electric energy metering unit and the pre-stored electricity charge data, if the pre-stored electricity charge is zero, the output of the electric meter is cut off through the output execution control unit, and meanwhile, synchronous alarm is carried out through the local acousto-optic alarm unit, the customer APP remote management end and the property management end to prompt the customer to recharge and pay the charge in time; when the customer pays the fee through the customer APP remote management end/property management end, the prepayment electric fee is not zero, and the electric meter is switched on to normally output through the output execution control unit.
As a further solution, the MCU data processing unit monitors the residual current according to a residual current monitoring circuit; the MCU data processing unit compares the residual current with a safety threshold value, and if the residual current is not higher than the safety threshold value, the MCU data processing unit is regarded as preliminary safety; if the safety threshold value is higher than the safety threshold value, the alarm is regarded as unsafe, and safety alarm is carried out;
if the monitoring is preliminary safety, continuously monitoring: when the residual current fluctuation value is larger than the fluctuation threshold value or the residual current is in a rising state all the time and exceeds the rising threshold value, the situation that the potential risk exists is judged, potential risk alarm is carried out, prompt is carried out on a display screen of a display input unit, related information is synchronously sent to a cloud server, and maintenance personnel are informed to eliminate the cause of the potential risk; if the residual current fluctuation value is not larger than the fluctuation threshold value or the residual current rise value in unit time is larger than the rise threshold value, the circuit is normal and the continuous monitoring is kept.
The traditional residual current fire monitoring technology, namely the national standard GB14287 issued in 2005, requires that "when the residual current of the protected line reaches the alarm set value, the detector should send out an alarm signal within 30 s". In practical applications, this alarm setting is typically set to 300 mA.
The early warning function means that when the residual current does not reach the alarm value of 300mA, but the line is already in some abnormal state, namely what we commonly call "sub-health", there is some kind of abnormity and even some safety hazard, for example, the following conditions are met:
1. the residual current does not reach 300mA, but is 1mA or 299mA, and in the traditional technical system, the two cases only have a common label, namely less than 300mA, and the default is safe. However, the two situations are different from each other, and as long as the residual current is increased, the residual current inevitably corresponds to a certain reason or even a certain safety hazard, and the residual current must be analyzed until a certain real event can be found and eliminated.
2. The residual current does not reach 300mA or even is very low, but when we monitor that the current fluctuates sharply in a certain interval, such as between 60mA and 80mA, the reason necessarily corresponds to a certain event, and the reason must be analyzed until the potential safety hazard is eliminated.
3. The residual current does not reach 300mA, but rapidly rises at a certain moment, and the situation also necessarily corresponds to a certain event, so that the potential safety hazard must be eliminated, and the accident can be prevented.
In the traditional technology, even if the technology completely conforms to the national standard, the extremely early and early hidden dangers in the grey zone are not seen, namely the technology does not have the early warning function and can only give an alarm in the middle or after the fact.
In addition, the temperature is also an important index influencing the electricity utilization safety, so that the real-time temperature of each electricity utilization area and/or electricity utilization equipment is monitored by a temperature monitoring circuit, and if the real-time temperature exceeds a temperature safety threshold, a high-temperature safety alarm is given.
As further solution, with what MCU data processing unit connects is temperature monitoring circuit in addition, temperature monitoring circuit is provided with multiunit temperature sampling circuit, and is the same circuit structure, temperature monitoring circuit is used for detecting each power consumption circuit \ equipment real-time temperature in the block terminal, if exceed the temperature safety threshold, then report to the police through local audible and visual alarm unit and customer APP remote management end, property management end in step, customer APP remote management end, property management end can look over the temperature variation curve in real time.
In this implementation, the temperature monitoring circuit is provided with a plurality of sets of temperature sampling circuits, and all are the same circuit structure, wherein, a temperature sampling circuit includes temperature sampling plug-in J2, electric capacity C23, resistance R20, temperature sampling plug-in J2 includes temperature terminal 1 and temperature terminal 2, electric capacity C23 bridges between temperature terminal 1 and temperature terminal 2, resistance R20 termination temperature terminal 2, another termination 3.3V, temperature terminal 1 ground connection, temperature terminal 2 is as sampling output port and MCU processing chip's I/O pin electric connection.
It should be noted that: the temperature monitoring circuit can be connected with 8 paths of temperature sensors, the number of the temperature sensors of the 1-8 paths of temperature sensors is configured according to the actual requirements of a use place, each temperature sensor can be named independently in software configuration, the temperature value of each sensor can be checked independently, and a corresponding alarm threshold value can be set.
As a further solution, the power supply circuit provides corresponding voltage power supply according to the requirements of each part of the design, wherein the RS485 communication circuit power supply supplies power for a completely isolated power supply.
In this embodiment, the power supply circuit includes a 9V1A power adapter, a voltage stabilization chip with a model of LM1117-3.3V, and a plurality of basic peripheral circuit elements, the 9V1A power adapter and the voltage stabilization chip are electrically connected through the basic peripheral circuit elements and respectively provide a 9V dc power supply and a 3.3V dc power supply, and the power supply circuit adopts a circuit as shown in fig. 13, which is not described herein again.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An electric safety early warning type intelligent ammeter is characterized by comprising an MCU data processing unit, an electric energy metering unit, a residual flow monitoring circuit, an output execution control unit, an electric energy sampling unit and a power supply circuit;
the MCU data processing unit is responsible for data acquisition, data calculation and output control in the intelligent ammeter and is respectively and electrically connected with the electric energy metering unit, the residual flow monitoring circuit, the output control unit and the power supply circuit through peripheral circuits;
the MCU data processing unit comprises an MCU processing chip and an MCU peripheral circuit; the electric energy metering unit comprises a three-phase electric energy metering chip and a metering peripheral circuit; the output execution control unit is a circuit based on magnetic latching relay drive, and comprises a magnetic latching relay drive chip and a drive chip peripheral circuit; the electric energy sampling unit comprises a voltage sampling circuit and a current sampling circuit and is electrically connected with the residual flow monitoring circuit and the electric energy metering unit respectively.
2. The electric safety early warning type smart meter according to claim 1, wherein a communication unit is further provided, wherein the communication unit is electrically connected with the MCU data processing unit and comprises a wired communication module and a wireless communication module; the wired communication module is arranged through an RS485 circuit and realizes local wired communication; the wireless communication module comprises one or a combination of a plurality of 4G/GPRS modules, a Lora module, a WiFi module and an NB module.
3. The electric safety early warning type smart meter according to claim 2, wherein a cloud server is arranged at a far end, a client APP remote management end is arranged at a user, and a property management end is arranged at a property; the cloud server establishes wireless communication connection with a client APP remote management end, a property management end and a wireless communication module of the electric safety early warning type intelligent electric meter through a wireless network protocol;
the MCU data processing unit regularly sends the ammeter collected energy consumption data, current, voltage, residual current, temperature, residual pre-stored electricity charge, circuit running state data to the cloud server through the wireless communication module, and the cloud server classifies each data and arranges in order in combination with the management end demand, presents on customer APP remote management end, property management end.
4. The electric safety early warning type smart meter according to claim 3, wherein a display and input unit is further connected with the MCU data processing unit; the display and input unit comprises a display screen and an input key, wherein the display screen is used for displaying parameters of the state machine of the electric meter, and the input key is locally arranged on the electric meter and can be directly operated.
5. The electric safety early warning type smart meter according to claim 4, wherein a local sound and light alarm unit is further connected with the MCU data processing unit; the local acousto-optic alarm unit comprises a fault alarm lamp and a fault alarm bell; wherein, the fault alarm lamp includes active pulse lamp, fault alarm lamp and tripping operation alarm lamp.
6. The electric safety early warning type intelligent electric meter according to claim 5, characterized in that the customer APP remote management terminal, the property management terminal and the display and input unit can inquire the remaining electric charge balance of the electric meter in real time, the MCU data processing unit calculates the energy consumption according to the energy consumption data counted by the electric energy metering unit and the pre-stored electric charge data, if the pre-stored electric charge is zero, the output of the electric meter is cut off through the output execution control unit, and meanwhile, the customer APP remote management terminal and the property management terminal synchronously alarm to prompt the customer to recharge and pay the charge in time; when the customer pays the fee through the customer APP remote management end/property management end, the prepayment electric fee is not zero, and the electric meter is switched on to normally output through the output execution control unit.
7. The electric safety early warning type smart meter according to claim 6, wherein the MCU data processing unit monitors the residual current according to the residual current monitoring circuit; the MCU data processing unit compares the residual current with a safety threshold, and if the residual current is not higher than the safety threshold, the MCU data processing unit is regarded as primary safety; if the safety threshold value is higher than the safety threshold value, the alarm is regarded as unsafe, and safety alarm is carried out;
if the monitoring is preliminary safety, continuously monitoring: when the residual current fluctuation value is larger than the fluctuation threshold value or the residual current is in the rising state all the time and exceeds the rising threshold value, the potential risk is determined to exist, the potential risk alarm is carried out, the prompt is carried out on the display screen of the display input unit, the related information is synchronously sent to the cloud server, and the maintenance personnel are informed to eliminate the potential risk cause; if the residual current fluctuation value is not larger than the fluctuation threshold value or the residual current rise value in unit time is larger than the rise threshold value, the circuit is normal and the continuous monitoring is kept.
8. The electric safety early warning type smart electric meter of claim 7, characterized in that, with what MCU data processing unit connects there is the temperature monitoring circuit in addition, the temperature monitoring circuit is provided with multiunit temperature sampling circuit, and is the same circuit structure, the temperature monitoring circuit is used for detecting each power consumption circuit \ equipment real-time temperature in the block terminal, if exceed the temperature safety threshold, then report to the police through local reputation alarm unit and customer APP remote management end, property management end are synchronous, customer APP remote management end, property management end can look over the temperature variation curve in real time.
9. The electric safety early warning type intelligent ammeter in claim 8, wherein the power supply circuit provides corresponding voltage power supply according to the requirements of each part of the design, and the RS485 communication circuit power supply supplies power for a completely isolated power supply.
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