CN114088969A - Light-gas gun flying piece speed measuring device based on electromagnetic induction - Google Patents
Light-gas gun flying piece speed measuring device based on electromagnetic induction Download PDFInfo
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- CN114088969A CN114088969A CN202111373947.3A CN202111373947A CN114088969A CN 114088969 A CN114088969 A CN 114088969A CN 202111373947 A CN202111373947 A CN 202111373947A CN 114088969 A CN114088969 A CN 114088969A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/50—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring linear speed
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of light gas gun loading experiments, in particular to a light gas gun flying piece speed measuring device based on electromagnetic induction, which comprises a plurality of groups of speed measuring units, wherein each speed measuring unit comprises an excitation coil, a detection coil, a constant current power supply and two magnetic conductive pieces, the magnetic conductive pieces are annular magnetic conductive pieces, the excitation coil is positioned between the two magnetic conductive pieces, the detection coil is wound on the magnetic conductive piece positioned at the rear end, the excitation coil is connected with the constant current power supply, and the detection coil is connected with an oscilloscope. The speed measuring device meets the speed measuring requirement in the light gas gun experiment, adopts non-contact measurement, has higher speed measuring precision, utilizes a controllable excitation structure formed by the excitation coil, the detection coil and the constant current power supply to ensure that the experimental signal measured by the speed measuring device is more controllable, has higher precision and lower cost, ensures the stability and reliability of the device in the experiment process, and has important significance for accurately measuring the speed of the flyer in the light gas gun impact loading experiment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of light gas gun loading experiments, in particular to a light gas gun flyer speed measuring device based on electromagnetic induction.
Background
In the detonation impact experiment, the speed of the flyer is a key parameter for determining physical quantities such as pressure, particle speed, density and the like of a sample in an impact compression state. The electromagnetic induction speed measurement system can accurately measure the speed of the metal flying piece in the ultra-high speed motion state. In 1977, Kondo group invented a method for measuring the speed of a flyer based on the electromagnetic induction principle, in which a magnet was placed in the flyer, the flyer passed through two detection coils to obtain a speed signal diagram, and the speed of the flyer was calculated. In the detonation impact experiment, the conventional speed measurement methods, such as a photogate speed measurement method, an air cushion guide rail speed measurement method, an impact pendulum, a Doppler effect speed measurement method and the like, are not suitable for measuring the speed of the flyer in the detonation impact experiment because the flyer has a high movement speed (between 800m/s and 15 km/s).
The electromagnetic induction speed measuring device designed by Moody group is widely applied to the link of speed measurement in high-speed flight experiments, and the device utilizes an oscilloscope to record a voltage waveform diagram based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction and calculates the speed of a high-speed flying object through the voltage waveform diagram. In order for the oscilloscope to capture the induced electromotive force that changes in the detection coil throughout the entire tachometer process, the magnitude of the induced electromotive force must be accurately determined in advance. Because the residual magnetic flux density of the powerful magnet is difficult to accurately measure, the induced electromotive force amplitude in the detection coil cannot be obtained through numerical calculation in advance, and the approximate range of the induced electromotive force amplitude can be estimated only by means of early experience, so that the success rate of the experiment is greatly reduced. Secondly, if damage appears in one of them set of coil in the electromagnetic induction speed measuring device of Moody group design, will lead to whole device unable use to arouse whole experiment failure, cause the electromagnetic induction speed measuring device of Moody group design to effectively, apply to in the detonation impact experiment conveniently.
In order to solve a series of problems that the amplitude of induced electromotive force in an electromagnetic induction speed measuring device is uncontrollable, the experimental precision is low and the electromagnetic induction speed measuring device is difficult to use for a long time, the invention provides a controllable novel electromagnetic induction speed measuring device, and the structure, the excitation mode and the wire routing method of the original device are redesigned, so that the series of problems are solved and the speed measuring precision is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a light gas gun flyer speed measuring device based on electromagnetic induction, meets the speed measuring requirement in a light gas gun experiment, adopts non-contact measurement, has higher speed measuring precision, utilizes a controllable excitation structure formed by an excitation coil, a detection coil and a constant current power supply to enable an experimental signal measured by the speed measuring device to be more controllable, has higher precision and lower cost, ensures the stability and reliability of the device in the experiment process, and has important significance for accurately measuring the flyer speed in the light gas gun impact loading experiment.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a light gas big gun flight piece speed sensor based on electromagnetic induction, includes the multiunit unit that tests the speed, the unit that tests the speed includes excitation coil, detection coil, constant current power supply and two magnetic conductive pieces, the magnetic conductive piece is annular magnetic conductive piece, excitation coil is located between two magnetic conductive pieces, the detection coil winding is on the magnetic conductive piece that is located the rear end, excitation coil and constant current power supply are connected, the detection coil is connected with oscilloscope. The excitation coils and the constant current power supplies are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the groups of test units are mutually independent, the detection coils can be selectively connected in series in the speed measurement experiment process, the problem that the whole device cannot be used due to failure of one group of detection coils is effectively solved, meanwhile, the constant current power supplies are used for providing stable and controllable current output for the excitation coils, the current of the excitation coils can be flexibly and controllably adjusted according to requirements, and meanwhile, the technical problem that the amplitude of induced electromotive force is uncontrollable is solved; in addition, the magnetic conductive sheets on the two sides are used for magnetic gathering, magnetic conduction and change of spatial magnetic field distribution, so that the excitation coil forms a stable magnetic field, and the accuracy of the device for measuring the speed of the flyer is effectively improved.
Furthermore, the cross section of the magnetic conductive sheet is in a step-shaped structure, and the magnetic conductive sheet is gradually increased along the direction close to the excitation coil. The structure of the magnetic conductive sheet can influence the distribution of a spatial magnetic field, the magnetic field intensity change gradient at two ends of the excitation coil is larger by adopting a stepped structure, the amplitude of an induced electromotive force signal in the detection coil is larger when the flyer passes through two ends of the excitation coil, the detection coil is more favorable for recording the induced electromotive force signal, the time for the flyer to pass through is more favorable for judging from a waveform diagram recorded by an oscilloscope, and the movement speed of the flyer is more favorable for calculating; therefore, the induced electromotive force amplitude in the detection coil is improved by adopting the step-shaped magnetic conductive sheet, and the speed measurement precision is improved.
Further, the constant current power supply is a constant current power supply with controllable output current. Through setting up constant current power supply to the controllable constant current power supply of output current for output current size through adjusting constant current power supply, just can control excitation coil's electric current size, and utilize the mode of electric current excitation to solve the uncontrollable problem of induced electromotive force amplitude, let the space magnetic field stabilize controllable, and signal amplitude can adjust in a flexible way, effectively improve flyer speed measurement convenience and accuracy nature in the light gas gun loading experimentation.
Furthermore, the turn ratio of the excitation coil to the detection coil is 5: 1-3. Preferably, the turn ratio of the excitation coil to the detection coil is 5: 2. Preferably, the number of turns of the excitation coil is 50 turns, and the number of turns of the detection coil is 20 turns. For the number of turns of the excitation coil and the detection coil, under the condition that currents with the same magnitude are introduced, the more the number of turns is, the stronger the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil in the space is, and the magnetic conduction effect of the magnetic conduction sheet is combined, so that the magnetic field change gradient at the two ends of the excitation coil is increased. For the number of turns of the detection coil, since the self-inductance coefficient of the coil is proportional to the square of the number of turns of the coil, the more the number of turns of the coil is, the more obvious the self-inductance effect of the coil is, and meanwhile, the more the number of turns of the coil is, the more obvious the mutual inductance effect between the coils is. In the whole speed measurement process, the mutual inductance effect between the coils can influence the waveform and the amplitude of the induced electromotive force in the detection coil. Therefore, the self-inductance effect and the mutual inductance effect can reduce the speed measurement precision of the speed measurement device, and the preferable turn ratio reduces the influence of the two effects on the induced electromotive force in the detection coil as much as possible. Further, the excitation coil, the detection coil and the two magnetic conductive sheets are coaxially arranged. Through with excitation coil, detection coil and the coaxial setting of magnetic conductive plate to control and outer target body are coaxial, make the device be connected the back with the light gas big gun, outer target body and coil can be passed along the axis to the flyer of light gas big gun transmission, and then effectively guarantee the measurement accuracy nature of device.
Further, the speed measuring device still includes outer target body, outer target body is used for the fixed speed measuring unit of installation.
Further, outer target body is tubular structure, evenly is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves in outer target body's the pipe wall, the unit setting of testing the speed is in the mounting groove.
Furthermore, an excitation wire port and a detection wire port are arranged on the outer tube wall of the outer target body corresponding to the mounting groove, the excitation coil is connected with a constant current power supply through the excitation wire port, and the detection coil is connected with an oscilloscope through the detection wire port.
Further, the detection coils are connected in series.
Furthermore, the coils in the excitation coils are arranged side by side, and each group of the excitation coils are mutually connected in parallel.
Furthermore, the excitation coil is wound by adopting a single-core copper wire, the copper wires are arranged side by side in the winding process, and each group of excitation coils are 50 turns. By adopting the scheme that a group of excitation coils are correspondingly connected with a constant current power supply, the material, the number of turns and the winding mode of each group of excitation coils are the same, and the enameled copper wires are adopted, so that the magnetic field excited by each group of speed measuring units is ensured to be the same.
Furthermore, the detection coils are wound by single-core copper wires, the copper wires are arranged side by side in the winding process, and each group of detection coils is 20 turns.
Further, the outer target body is made of bainite stainless steel. By adopting the bainite stainless steel which has good structural stability, is convenient to machine and form and has the function of resisting electromagnetic interference as the outer target body, the interference of an external electromagnetic field can be effectively reduced, and the accuracy of speed measurement of the device is improved; in addition, the outer target body is made of stainless steel, so that the stability of the structure of the target device can be kept in the process that the flyer passes through at a high speed, and the normal work of the excitation coil structure and the detection coil structure arranged in the target device is ensured, so that the whole device has good stability in the high-temperature experiment process, and the method has important significance for accurately measuring the flyer speed in the light gas gun impact loading experiment.
Further, the magnetic conductive sheet is soft iron. Preferably, the structure size of the magnetic conductive sheet is matched with the excitation coil. The magnetic conductive sheets made of soft iron are used, the magnetic conductive sheets and the excitation coil structure are mutually insulated, magnetism is gathered by the magnetic conductive sheets on two sides, magnetic conduction is achieved, the magnetic field distribution of the space is changed, the excitation coil forms a stable magnetic field, and the accuracy of the device for measuring the speed of the flyer is effectively improved.
Furthermore, the magnetic conduction sheet is provided with a lead hole, and the lead hole is used for facilitating the lead of the excitation coil and the detection coil to pass through the hole.
Further, the speed measuring device for the light gas gun flyer comprises three groups of speed measuring units. The time corresponding to the flying piece passing through each group of speed measuring units can be obtained through the signals, and the flying piece flying speed can be accurately calculated by combining the fixed distance between the three groups of speed measuring units.
Furthermore, the excitation coils of the three groups of speed measurement units are independent from each other, so that each group of excitation coils is not influenced by other excitation coils in the whole speed measurement process. The detection coils of the three groups of speed measurement units are mutually connected in series, so that the three groups of detection coils are ensured to record in the same time period, and the time interpretation precision is improved.
Furthermore, a plurality of exhaust holes are uniformly formed in the outer target body. Preferably, the exhaust hole and the speed measuring unit are arranged in a staggered mode. Through evenly set up a plurality of exhaust holes on outer target body, utilize the exhaust hole to discharge the air current of experimental speed measurement in-process device gathering rapidly to reduce the influence of air current to flying piece speed, guarantee to flying piece flying speed measuring accuracy.
Furthermore, a plurality of fixing holes are uniformly formed in the side walls of the left end and the right end of the outer target body, and the fixing holes are used for fixedly connecting the outer target body with the light gas gun.
Furthermore, the inner diameter of the excitation coil, the inner diameter of the detection coil and the inner diameter of the magnetic conductive sheet are larger than the outer diameter of the flyer, so that the flyer cannot contact with the flyer in the crossing process.
Furthermore, the inner diameter of the excitation coil is 32-34 unit length, the outer diameter is 50-52 unit length, and the thickness is 7-8 unit length; the inner diameter of the detection coil is 50-52 unit length, the outer diameter is 54-56 unit length, and the thickness is 0.5-1.2 unit length; the inner diameter of the magnetic conducting sheet is 33-35 unit length, the outer diameter of the first step is 36-37 unit length, the outer diameter of the second step is 42-43 unit length, the outer diameter of the third step is 50-52 unit length, the length of the third step is 5.5-6 unit length, the length of the first step is 1 unit length, the length of the second step is 3-3.2 unit length, and the length of the third step is 1.5-1.7 unit length. Preferably, the inner diameter of the excitation coil is 32.54mm, the outer diameter is 50.63mm, and the thickness is 7.8 mm; the inner diameter of the detection coil is 50.63mm, the outer diameter is 54.63mm, and the thickness is 0.8 mm; the internal diameter of magnetic conduction piece is 33.54mm, and the external diameter of first ladder is 36.4mm, and the external diameter of second ladder is 42.56mm, and the external diameter of third ladder is 50.63mm, the length of first ladder is 1mm, and the length of second ladder is 3.12mm, and the length of third ladder is 1.66 mm.
Further, the inner diameter of the outer target body is 33.54mm, and the outer diameter of the mounting groove is 50.64 mm. The distance between the central axes of the adjacent mounting grooves is 52 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a light gas gun flyer speed measuring device based on electromagnetic induction, which meets the speed measuring requirement in a light gas gun experiment, adopts non-contact measurement, has higher speed measuring precision, utilizes a controllable excitation structure formed by an excitation coil, a detection coil and a constant current power supply to ensure that an experiment signal measured by the speed measuring device is more controllable, has higher precision and lower cost, ensures the stability and reliability of the device in the experiment process, and has important significance for accurately measuring the flyer speed in the light gas gun impact loading experiment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural connection diagram of a light gas gun flaskometer speed measuring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an outer target body of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an outer target body of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the magnetic conductive sheet of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of voltage waveforms during a simulation experiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of voltage waveforms during a measurement experiment according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a voltage waveform comparison graph of the actual measurement experiment and the simulation experiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, an outer target body; 2. a field coil; 3. a detection coil; 4. a constant current power supply; 5. an oscilloscope; 6. flying sheets; 7. a magnetic conductive sheet; 8. mounting grooves; 9. an excitation wire port; 10. detecting a wire guide port; 11. an exhaust hole; 12. a fixing hole; 13. and a lead hole.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a speed measuring device for a flying piece of a light gas gun based on electromagnetic induction comprises a plurality of speed measuring units, wherein each speed measuring unit comprises an excitation coil 2, a detection coil 3, a constant current power supply 4 and two magnetic conductive pieces 7, each magnetic conductive piece 7 is an annular magnetic conductive piece, the excitation coil 2 is located between the two magnetic conductive pieces 7, the detection coil 3 is wound on the magnetic conductive piece 7 located at the rear end, the excitation coil 2 is connected with the constant current power supply 4, and the detection coil 3 is connected with an oscilloscope 5. The excitation coils 2 and the constant current power supplies 4 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the groups of test units are mutually independent, the detection coils 3 can be selectively connected in series in the speed measurement experiment process, the problem that the whole device cannot be used due to failure of one group of detection coils 3 is effectively solved, meanwhile, the constant current power supplies 4 are used for providing stable and controllable current output for the excitation coils 2, the current of the excitation coils 2 can be flexibly and controllably adjusted according to requirements, and meanwhile, the technical problem that the amplitude of induced electromotive force is uncontrollable is solved; in addition, the magnetic conducting sheets 7 positioned on the two sides are used for magnetic gathering and magnetic conducting, the magnetic field distribution of the space is changed, the excitation coil 2 forms a stable magnetic field, and the accuracy of the device for measuring the speed of the flyer is effectively improved.
Specifically, the cross section of the magnetic conductive sheet 7 is in a step-like structure, and is gradually increased along a direction close to the excitation coil 2. The structure of the magnetic conductive sheet 7 can influence the distribution of a spatial magnetic field, the magnetic field intensity change gradient at two ends of the excitation coil 2 is larger by adopting a stepped structure, the amplitude of an induced electromotive force signal in the detection coil 3 is larger when the flyer 6 passes through two ends of the excitation coil 2, the detection coil 3 can record the induced electromotive force signal more favorably, the time for the flyer to pass through can be judged and read from a waveform diagram recorded by the oscilloscope 5 more favorably, and the movement speed of the flyer can be calculated more favorably; therefore, the adoption of the step-shaped magnetic conductive sheet 7 improves the amplitude of the induced electromotive force in the detection coil 3 and improves the speed measurement precision.
Specifically, the constant current power supply 4 is a constant current power supply with controllable output current. Through setting up constant current power supply 4 to controllable constant current power supply 4 of output current for output current size through adjusting constant current power supply 4, just can control excitation coil 2's electric current size, and utilize the mode of electric current excitation to solve the uncontrollable problem of induced electromotive force amplitude, let the space magnetic field stabilize controllable, and signal amplitude can adjust in a flexible way, effectively improve flyer speed measurement convenience and accuracy nature in the light gas gun loading experimentation.
Specifically, the turn ratio of the exciting coil 2 to the detecting coil 3 is 5: 1-3. Preferably, the turn ratio of the excitation coil 2 and the detection coil 3 is 5: 2. Preferably, the number of turns of the excitation coil 2 is 50 turns, and the number of turns of the detection coil 3 is 20 turns.
Specifically, the excitation coil 2, the detection coil 3 and the two magnetic conductive sheets 7 are coaxially arranged. Through with excitation coil 2, detection coil 3 and the coaxial setting of magnetic conductive plate 7 to control and outer target body 1 are coaxial, make the device be connected the back with the light gas big gun, the flyer of light gas big gun transmission can pass outer target body 1 and coil along the axis, and then effectively guarantee the measurement accuracy nature of device. Specifically, in the speed measuring device, all the excitation coils 2, the detection coils 3 and the magnetic conductive sheets 7 are coaxially arranged.
Specifically, the speed sensor still includes outer target 1, outer target 1 is used for the fixed speed unit of installation.
Specifically, outer target body 1 is tubular structure, evenly is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves 8 in outer target body 1's the pipe wall, the unit setting of testing the speed is in mounting groove 8.
Specifically, an excitation wire port 9 and a detection wire port 10 are arranged on the outer tube wall of the outer target body 1 corresponding to the mounting groove 8, the excitation coil 2 is connected with the constant current power supply 4 through the excitation wire port 9, and the detection coil 3 is connected with the oscilloscope 5 through the detection wire port 10.
Specifically, the detection coils 3 are connected in series.
Specifically, the coils in the excitation coils 2 are arranged side by side, and the excitation coils 2 are connected in parallel with each other.
Specifically, excitation coil 2 adopts the coiling of single core copper line, and the copper line is side by side in the coiling process, and every group excitation coil 2 is 50 circles. By adopting the scheme that a group of excitation coils 2 are correspondingly connected with a group of constant-current power supplies 4, the material, the number of turns and the winding mode of each group of excitation coils 2 are the same, and the enameled copper wires are adopted, so that the magnetic field excited by each group of speed measuring units is ensured to be the same.
Specifically, the detection coil 3 is wound by a single-core copper wire, the copper wire is arranged side by side in the winding process, and each group of detection coils 3 is 20 turns.
Specifically, the outer target body 1 is made of bainite stainless steel. By adopting the bainite stainless steel which has good structural stability, is convenient to machine and form and has the function of resisting electromagnetic interference as the outer target body 1, the interference of an external electromagnetic field can be effectively reduced, and the speed measurement accuracy of the device is improved; in addition, the outer target body 1 is made of stainless steel, so that the stability of the structure of the target device can be kept in the process that the flyer passes through at a high speed, and the structures of the excitation coil 2 and the detection coil 3 arranged in the target device can work normally, so that the whole device has good stability in the high-temperature experimental process, and has important significance for accurately measuring the flyer speed in the light-gas gun impact loading experiment.
Specifically, the magnetic conductive sheet 7 is soft iron. Preferably, the magnetic conducting plate 7 is matched to the excitation coil 2 in terms of its structural dimensions. Through adopting the magnetic conduction piece 7 that soft iron made to let between magnetic conduction piece 7 and the excitation coil 2 structure mutual insulation, utilize the magnetic conduction piece 7 that is located both sides to gather magnetism, magnetic conduction and change the magnetic field distribution in space, let excitation coil 2 form stable magnetic field, effectively improve the device to the accuracy that the flying piece tested the speed.
Specifically, the magnetic conductive sheet 7 is provided with a lead hole 13, and the lead hole 13 is provided for facilitating the lead wires of the excitation coil 2 and the detection coil 3 to pass through the hole.
Specifically, the light gas gun flying piece speed measuring device comprises three groups of speed measuring units. By arranging three groups of speed measuring units, one group of speed measuring unit corresponds to one group of excitation coil 2 structure and one group of detection coil 3 structure, the magnetic fields independently excited by the three groups of excitation coils 2 jointly form a magnetic field of the whole space, the detection coils 3 of the three groups of speed measuring units are sequentially connected in series with an oscilloscope, when the flyer passes through the detection unit, time domain induced electromotive force signals generated in the detection coils 3 are recorded by the oscilloscope 5, the time corresponding to the flyer 6 passing through each group of speed measuring unit can be obtained through the signals, and the flying speed of the flyer 6 can be accurately calculated by combining the fixed interval between the three groups of speed measuring units.
Specifically, a plurality of exhaust holes 11 are uniformly formed on the outer target body 1. Preferably, the exhaust hole 11 and the speed measuring unit are arranged in a staggered manner. Through evenly set up a plurality of exhaust holes 11 on outer target body 1, utilize exhaust hole 11 to discharge the air current of experimental speed measurement in-process device gathering rapidly to reduce the influence of air current to flying piece 6 speed, guarantee the accuracy to flying piece 6 flight speed measurement.
Specifically, a plurality of fixing holes 12 are uniformly formed in the side walls of the left end and the right end of the outer target body 1, and the fixing holes 12 are used for fixedly connecting the outer target body 1 with the light gas gun.
Specifically, the inner diameter of the excitation coil 2, the inner diameter of the detection coil 3, and the inner diameter of the magnetic conductive sheet 7 are larger than the outer diameter of the flyer 6.
Specifically, the inner diameter of the excitation coil 2 is 32-34 unit length, the outer diameter is 50-52 unit length, and the thickness is 7-8 unit length; the detection coil 3 has an inner diameter of 50-52 units, an outer diameter of 54-56 units and a thickness of 0.5-1.2 units; the inner diameter of the magnetic conducting sheet 7 is 33-35 unit length, the outer diameter of the first step is 36-37 unit length, the outer diameter of the second step is 42-43 unit length, the outer diameter of the third step is 50-52 unit length, the length of the third step is 5.5-6 unit length, the length of the first step is 1 unit length, the length of the second step is 3-3.2 unit length, and the length of the third step is 1.5-1.7 unit length. Preferably, the inner diameter of the excitation coil 2 is 32.54mm, the outer diameter is 50.63mm, and the thickness is 7.8 mm; the inner diameter of the detection coil 3 is 50.63mm, the outer diameter is 54.63mm, and the thickness is 0.8 mm; the internal diameter of magnetic conduction piece 7 is 33.54mm, and the external diameter of first ladder is 36.4mm, and the second ladder is the external diameter and is 42.56mm, and the external diameter of third ladder is 50.63mm, the length of first ladder is 1mm, and the length of second ladder is 3.12mm, and the length of third ladder is 1.66 mm.
Specifically, the inner diameter of the outer target body 1 is 33.54mm, and the outer diameter of the mounting groove 8 is 50.64 mm. The distance between the central axes of the adjacent mounting grooves 8 is 52 mm.
Examples of the experiments
The device is connected with a light gas gun, and a speed measurement experiment is carried out on the flyer 6. Firstly, three groups of excitation coils 2 are respectively tested by the constant current source 4, if the constant current source 4 can provide continuous constant current for each group of excitation coils 2, each group of excitation coils 2 can normally work, and the constant current source 4 is closed after the test is finished. Secondly, testing each group of detection coils 3, respectively measuring the resistance of the detection wire opening 10 corresponding to the measuring unit through an ohmic gear of a universal meter, and if the measured resistance value is between 0.5 omega and 1.0 omega, indicating that the detection coils 3 can normally work; if the three groups of detection coils 3 can work normally, the detection coils 3 are connected in series, the multimeter ohmic contact is used for measuring again after the detection coils are connected in series, and if the resistance value of the detection coils 3 connected in series is between 1.5 omega and 3 omega, the detection coils 3 of the device can work normally.
The three groups of excitation coils 2 are provided with continuous and stable currents through the three constant current sources 4, the output current of each constant current source 4 is 5A, and the constant current sources 4 continuously output currents in the whole speed measuring process; the detection coils 3 connected in series are connected into an oscilloscope 5, the trigger level of the oscilloscope 5 is adjusted, and the oscilloscope 5 is in a preparation state; and then starting the light gas gun, enabling the flyer 6 to pass through the magnetic speed measuring device at a high speed, triggering the oscilloscope 5 by the induced electromotive force in the detection coil 3, recording a voltage waveform diagram in the detection coil 3 by the oscilloscope 5, and calculating the flying speed of the flyer by using the voltage waveform diagram.
Then, the device is simulated, modeling is carried out on the device by using ANSYS Electrical Suite, the whole speed measurement process of the device is simulated by using a dynamic solver, the movement speed of the flyer 6 is set to 2.658km/s through software, and a voltage waveform diagram in the detection coil 3 is obtained and is shown in FIG. 5.
The time of the flyer 6 from the first group of speed measuring units to the second group of speed measuring units can be read out to be delta t by utilizing the calibration function of the computer1The time for the flyer 6 to pass from the second set of tachometer units to the third set of tachometer units is Δ t, 18.6 μ s218.7 μ s; the relation between the distance, the time and the speed is utilized, the speed of the flyer 6 in the simulation experiment can be calculated to be 2.659km/s through weighted average, and the simulation result shows that the design scheme can measure the running speed of the flyer.
Then under the same conditionsActually measuring experiments, for an experimental device, 2.5mm single-core copper wires are adopted to wind the magnet exciting coils 2, the copper wires are arranged side by side in the winding process, and each group of magnet exciting coils 2 are 50 turns; in the experimental process, constant current is introduced into each group of excitation coils 2, and the current is kept to be 5A; for the setting of the oscilloscope 5, the trigger level of the oscilloscope is set by referring to the simulation result to ensure that the oscilloscope 5 is triggered in the experimental process; after the experiment is finished, the voltage waveform chart recorded by the oscilloscope 5 is analyzed, and as shown in fig. 6, the speed of the flyer is calculated by combining the known distances between the speed measuring units. That is, the time Δ t from the first set of speed measuring units to the second set of speed measuring units of the flyer can be read by using the cursor function of the oscilloscope 5118.7 mus, the time from the second set of tachometer unit to the third set of tachometer unit for the flyer is Δ t218.9 μ s. The speed of the flyer 6 in the actual measurement experiment can be calculated to be 2.657km/s by using the relation between the distance, the time and the speed and through weighted average.
The voltage waveform diagram of the simulation experiment and the voltage waveform diagram of the actual measurement experiment are put into the same diagram, as shown in fig. 7, for comparison, different time starting points are selected for the voltage waveform diagram of the simulation experiment and the voltage waveform diagram of the actual measurement experiment, so that the two diagrams do not overlap, and after comparison, the simulation result is consistent with the actual measurement result, which shows that the speed measuring device is feasible, stable and reliable. The set speed, the simulation result and the actual measurement result are compared, the difference between the actual measurement result and the simulation result and the set speed is very small, only 0.1% -0.2%, and the speed measurement precision of the device is accurate (< 0.2%), so the device is reasonable in design, can meet the speed measurement requirement, and simultaneously solves the problem encountered by the early electromagnetic induction speed measurement device.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a light gas big gun flying piece speed sensor based on electromagnetic induction, its characterized in that includes the multiunit unit that tests the speed, the unit that tests the speed includes excitation coil, detection coil, constant current power supply and two magnetic conductive pieces, the magnetic conductive piece is annular magnetic conductive piece, excitation coil is located between two magnetic conductive pieces, the detection coil twines on the magnetic conductive piece that is located the rear end, excitation coil and constant current power supply are connected, the detection coil is connected with oscilloscope.
2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic conductive plate has a step-shaped cross-section and gradually increases along a direction approaching the excitation coil.
3. The electromagnetic induction-based light gas gun flaskometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the constant current source is a constant current source with controllable output current.
4. The electromagnetic induction-based light-gas gun flyer speed measurement device according to claim 1, wherein the turn ratio of the excitation coil to the detection coil is 5: 1-3.
5. The device for measuring the speed of a flying piece of a light gas gun based on electromagnetic induction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the excitation coil, the detection coil and the two magnetic conductive pieces are coaxially arranged.
6. The device for measuring the speed of a flying light gas gun flack based on electromagnetic induction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the device further comprises an outer target body, and the outer target body is used for installing and fixing the speed measuring unit.
7. The device for measuring the speed of a flail of a light gas gun based on electromagnetic induction as claimed in claim 6, wherein the outer target body is of a tubular structure, a plurality of mounting slots are uniformly arranged in the tube wall of the outer target body, and the speed measuring unit is arranged in the mounting slots.
8. The device for measuring the speed of a flying piece of a light gas gun based on electromagnetic induction as claimed in claim 7, wherein an excitation wire port and a detection wire port are provided on the outer tube wall of the outer target body corresponding to the mounting groove, the excitation coil is connected to a constant current power supply through the excitation wire port, and the detection coil is connected to an oscilloscope through the detection wire port.
9. The device for measuring the speed of a light gas gun flyer based on electromagnetic induction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detecting coils are connected in series.
10. The device for measuring the speed of a light gas gun flaked speed based on electromagnetic induction as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coils of the excitation coils are arranged side by side, and the excitation coils are arranged in parallel.
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