CN114088715A - Planar imaging method - Google Patents
Planar imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114088715A CN114088715A CN202010859900.7A CN202010859900A CN114088715A CN 114088715 A CN114088715 A CN 114088715A CN 202010859900 A CN202010859900 A CN 202010859900A CN 114088715 A CN114088715 A CN 114088715A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
Abstract
The invention relates to a planar imaging method. The planar imaging method includes the steps of: irradiating the plane through a light source to form a light spot, wherein the outer side of the light spot is an astigmatism area; selecting a unit imaging area which can display unevenness on a plane and has a set width at a position close to a light spot in the astigmatism area, and shooting the unit imaging area through an imaging unit to form a unit image; adjusting the relative position between the plane and the light source in the direction parallel to the plane, and repeatedly shooting the unit image through the imaging unit until the target imaging area of the plane is completely shot by the imaging unit; and splicing the unit images into a complete image of the planar target imaging area according to the corresponding positions. The complete image spliced by the imaging method of the invention presents fine unevenness in a planar target imaging area, is convenient for quality detection research and the like, and the whole structure and the method adopted are low in cost, easy to realize and suitable for wide application on an industrial production line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a visual imaging technology, in particular to a plane imaging method.
Background
The object plane is not absolutely smooth, so there are usually fine defects, generally fine asperities, on the object plane. These irregularities can be easily measured by a precision optical measuring instrument, but the measurement cost is high. A common light source is focused and irradiated on a plane to form a light spot, defects on an object plane cannot be seen due to light concentration in the light spot, but fine uneven defects on the object plane are usually obviously irradiated in an astigmatic shadow area on the periphery of the light spot due to a diffuse reflection effect. For example, when the light source is used for irradiating on a common writing paper surface, the middle light spot is a bright light, the peripheral light scattering shadow area becomes dark outwards gradually from the outer edge of the light spot, and fine unevenness on the writing paper surface can be seen in an area close to the light spot. By utilizing the principle, an imaging method which is low in cost and aims at plane fine unevenness can be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a planar imaging method that enables imaging for fine irregularities in a plane at low cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a planar imaging method, comprising the steps of:
irradiating the plane through a light source to form a light spot, wherein the outer side of the light spot is an astigmatism area;
selecting a unit imaging area which can display unevenness on a plane and has a set width at a position close to a light spot in the astigmatism area, and shooting the unit imaging area through an imaging unit to form a unit image;
adjusting the relative position between the plane and the light source in the direction parallel to the plane, and repeatedly shooting the unit image through the imaging unit until the target imaging area of the plane is completely shot by the imaging unit;
and splicing the unit images into a complete image of the planar target imaging area according to the corresponding positions.
The light source is a strip light source, the light spots are strip-shaped light spots, the imaging unit is a CCD camera, and the unit imaging area is a strip-shaped area parallel to the light spots. When the relative position between the plane and the light source is adjusted, the light source is translated along a straight line in a direction parallel to the plane, or the plane is translated linearly with respect to the light source. The translation direction is consistent with the width direction of the unit imaging area; the distance of each translation is the width of the unit imaging area. The light source irradiates the plane vertically, and the lens of the imaging unit points to the plane vertically.
The light source is a point light source, the light spot is a circular light spot, the imaging unit is a CCD camera, and the unit imaging area is a circular ring-shaped area surrounding the light spot.
The planar imaging method further includes: and setting an image frame, wherein the coordinate system of the image frame and the coordinate system of the planar target imaging area have a set conversion relationship, and the unit image formed by the unit imaging area shot by the imaging unit each time is filled in the corresponding position in the image frame after the coordinate system conversion.
The light sources correspond to the imaging units one by one, and when the relative position between the plane and the light sources is adjusted, the light sources and the imaging units move synchronously.
The light source and the imaging unit are in a many-to-one corresponding relation, and the imaging unit is relatively fixed when the relative position between the plane and the light source is adjusted. The light sources correspond to the unit imaging areas one to one.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: by gradually shooting the unit imaging area of the astigmatism area at the periphery of the light spot, fine unevenness on a plane can be displayed in the unit imaging area due to the diffuse reflection effect, and finally, the unit imaging area is spliced into a complete image of the target imaging area according to the position, the fine unevenness in the plane target imaging area is displayed in the complete image, quality detection research and the like are facilitated, and the adopted whole structure and method are low in cost, easy to realize and suitable for wide application on an industrial production line.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a photographing structure employed in the flat panel imaging method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a photographing structure employed in the planar imaging method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an image taken by the imaging unit of the planar imaging method of the present invention.
It should be noted that, the products shown in the above views are all appropriately reduced/enlarged according to the size of the drawing and the clear view, and the size of the products shown in the views is not limited.
Detailed Description
In order to more fully understand the technical contents of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described and illustrated with reference to the following specific embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a plane imaging method, which is mainly characterized in that images of scattering shadow areas on the periphery of light spots are collected to be spliced into a complete image so as to present the condition of the quality of a plane uneven surface.
In this embodiment, the planar imaging method includes the following steps: irradiating the plane 10 by a light source 20 to form a light spot 11, wherein the outer side of the light spot 11 is an astigmatism area 12; selecting a unit imaging region 13 of a set width capable of showing unevenness on the plane 10 at a position close to the spot 11 in the astigmatism region 12, and capturing the unit imaging region 13 by the imaging unit 30 to form a unit image 41; adjusting the relative position between the plane 10 and the light source 20 in the direction parallel to the plane 10, and repeatedly taking the unit image 41 through the imaging unit 30 until the target imaging area of the plane 10 is completely taken by the imaging unit 30; the unit images 41 are stitched into a complete image of the target imaging area of the plane 10 according to the corresponding positions.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the light source 20 of the present embodiment is a strip light source, and the strip-shaped light spot 11 formed by the light source 20 perpendicularly irradiating on the plane 10 covers the width direction of the plane 10. The two sides of the strip-shaped light spot 11 are respectively provided with a dimming astigmatic region 12. The fine unevenness on the plane 10 can be clearly shown at the position where the light scattering area 12 is close to the spot 11 because of the diffuse reflection effect. The unit imaging region 13 can therefore be selected where one of the side astigmatic regions 12 is close to the spot 11. The unit imaging area 13 is an elongated area parallel to the light spot 11. The position and width of the unit imaging region 13 are selected as a criterion that the unevenness of the region can be clearly imaged in the imaging unit 30. The unit imaging region 13 should be selected in one side of the astigmatism region 12, not necessarily in both sides of the astigmatism region 12, so as to avoid excessive image processing in the repeated regions. And the unit imaging region 13 should be selected in the astigmatism region 12 on the opposite side of the moving direction of the light source 20 in the subsequent step. The unit imaging area 13 may be close to the light spot 11, but the boundary of the unit imaging area 13 should not intersect with the boundary of the light spot 11, so as to avoid strong light from affecting the display of the image. The width of the unit imaging region 13 should be such that sufficient definition of the image in the region is obtained. The imaging unit 30 of the present embodiment employs a CCD camera, and the lens of the imaging unit 30 is directed perpendicularly to the plane 10. The imaging unit 30 is used to capture the selected unit imaging area 13 to form a unit image 41. As shown in fig. 3, the image 40 captured each time by the imaging unit 30 may be larger than the unit imaging area 13, and then the image 40 is cropped to leave a portion corresponding to the unit imaging area 13 as a unit image 41. In this embodiment, the initial position may be selected at the leftmost position of the target agilawood region of the plane 10, and then the unit images 41 are sequentially photographed from left to right, respectively formed.
After the unit image 41 at the initial position is captured, the relative position between the plane 10 and the light source 20 is adjusted in the direction parallel to the length of the plane 10, and the capturing of the unit image 41 by the imaging unit 30 is repeated until the entire target imaging area of the plane 10 is captured by the imaging unit 30. In this step, the light source 20 may be linearly translated in a direction parallel to the plane 10, or the plane 10 may be linearly translated with respect to the light source 20, the direction of translation coinciding with the width direction of the unit imaging region 13. If the plane 10 is on a production line or if the object on which the plane 10 is located is of a long thin plate type, the light source 20 and the imaging unit 30 can be fixed, and the plane 10 can be relatively translated. If the light source 20 is moved, the imaging unit 30 may be moved in synchronization with the light source 20. The distance of each translation of the light source 20 is the width of the unit imaging region 13, so that seamless stitching between the adjacent unit images 41 obtained before and after the unit imaging region can be realized. And during the movement of the light source 20, the irradiation angle of the light source 20 should be kept unchanged, and the shooting angle of the imaging unit 30 should also be kept unchanged, so as to avoid the corresponding error of the generated unit image 41. After the light source 20 is moved, the same position is selected as the unit imaging region 13 in the astigmatism region 12 outside the spot 11, an image is captured by the imaging unit 30, and then the corresponding unit imaging region 13 is cut out from the image as the unit image 41. Since the distance of each movement of the light source 20 is equal to the width of the unit imaging area 13, the unit images 41 obtained by adjacent front and back are seamlessly connected to each other, and the overlapping between adjacent images is avoided. When the light source 20 moves to the outermost side of the target imaging area, if the light source 20 cannot irradiate the plane and cannot form a light spot, and the imaging unit 30 cannot be used to capture the unit image 41, the unit imaging area 13 can be arranged on the astigmatic area 12 on the other side, then the light source 20 is moved in the opposite direction, the unit image 41 is captured by the same operation steps, and finally the split is performed. The stitching process may be a sequential stitching process to automatically obtain a complete image, or a one-time stitching process of all the unit images 41 to obtain a complete image.
In other embodiments, the imaging unit may be stationary and only the light source may be moved relative to the imaging unit, which may be located above the light source. When the light source blocks the unit imaging area to image in the imaging unit, the light source can be moved reversely, the unit imaging area is arranged in the astigmatism area on the other side, and the plane is imaged again, so that the blocked part which cannot be imaged can be compensated.
In other embodiments, the number of the light sources may be more than 1, the number of the imaging units may be more than 1, and the light sources and the imaging units are in one-to-one correspondence. Therefore, the multi-point camera shooting can be synchronously carried out, and the method is suitable for being adopted when the plane area is large. The arrangement position of the light source can be determined according to the specific shape of the plane.
In other embodiments, the imaging unit may also adopt a line scanning camera, and in this case, when taking an image, the imaging unit needs to move in a small range relative to the light source to take the whole of the unit imaging area, that is, the imaging unit may move synchronously with the light source, but a separate moving mechanism is also needed to enable the imaging unit to move in a small range relative to the light source.
In order to perform image matching, an image frame may be preset. The coordinate system of the image frame and the coordinate system of the target imaging area of the plane 10 may be mapped and converted through a conventional calibration procedure. After the unit image 41 is formed in the unit imaging region 13 captured by the imaging unit 30 each time, the position of the unit image 41 in the image frame is obtained by coordinate system conversion according to the position of the unit image 41 on the target imaging region coordinate system, and then the unit image 41 is filled in the corresponding position in the image frame. This makes it possible to easily and quickly confirm the image position and to stitch the images, and even when the unit images 41 overlap each other, stitching can be performed.
In addition, in practice, the imaging unit 30 may be connected to a server, and the server is connected to a display screen, which can display the image frame and the combined image in real time. After the imaging unit 30 forms the unit image 41 by shooting each time, the unit image 41 is directly filled and displayed in the corresponding position of the image frame after coordinate conversion, so that an operator can conveniently monitor the shooting condition in real time, and if abnormity is found, the operator can directly stop the machine and adjust corresponding parameters or make corresponding marks to shoot again.
In other embodiments, the light source may also be a point light source, and the light spot formed by irradiating the light source onto the plane is a circular light spot. The imaging unit can adopt a common CCD camera, and a unit imaging area is selected as a circular ring-shaped area surrounding the light spot. At this time, the light sources can be arranged in a plurality of forms to form a matrix arrangement, and only one imaging unit can be adopted, at this time, the light sources and the imaging units are in a many-to-one corresponding relationship, but the light sources and the unit imaging areas are still in one-to-one correspondence. When the relative position between the plane and the light source needs to be adjusted, the imaging unit is relatively fixed, and all the light sources move synchronously. Since the image captured by the imaging unit includes a plurality of unit imaging areas, the unit images corresponding to the unit imaging areas need to be respectively captured and retained for image matching.
According to the invention, the unit imaging area 13 of the astigmatism area 12 at the periphery of the light spot 11 is shot step by step, fine unevenness at the position on the plane 10 can be displayed in the unit imaging area 13 due to diffuse reflection effect, finally, the unit image 41 of the unit imaging area 13 is spliced into the complete image of the target imaging area according to the position, all the fine unevenness in the target imaging area of the plane 10 is displayed in the complete image, quality detection research and the like are facilitated, and the adopted whole structure and method are low in cost, easy to realize and suitable for wide application on an industrial production line.
The above-mentioned description is only for the purpose of further explaining the technical contents of the present invention by way of example, so as to facilitate the reader's understanding, but does not represent a limitation to the embodiments of the present invention, and any technical extension or re-creation made by the present invention is protected by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A planar imaging method, comprising the steps of:
irradiating a plane through a light source to form a light spot, wherein the outer side of the light spot is an astigmatism area;
selecting a unit imaging area which can display unevenness on a plane and has a set width in the astigmatism area and is close to the light spot position, and shooting the unit imaging area through an imaging unit to form a unit image;
adjusting the relative position between the plane and a light source in the direction parallel to the plane, and repeatedly shooting the unit image through the imaging unit until the target imaging area of the plane is completely shot by the imaging unit;
and splicing the unit images into a complete image of the target imaging area of the plane according to the corresponding positions.
2. A planar imaging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said light source is a bar-shaped light source, said light spot is a strip-shaped light spot, said imaging unit is a CCD camera, and said unit imaging area is a strip-shaped area parallel to the light spot.
3. A planar imaging method as set forth in claim 2, wherein the light source is linearly translated in a direction parallel to the plane or the plane is linearly translated with respect to the light source when the relative position between the plane and the light source is adjusted.
4. A plane imaging method according to claim 3, wherein the direction of translation coincides with the width direction of the unit imaging area; the distance of each translation is the width of the unit imaging area.
5. A planar imaging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said light source illuminates said plane perpendicularly and the lens of said imaging unit is directed perpendicularly to said plane.
6. The planar imaging method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the light source is a point light source, the light spot is a circular light spot, the imaging unit is a CCD camera, and the unit imaging area is a circular ring-shaped area surrounding the light spot.
7. A planar imaging method as set forth in claim 1, further comprising: and setting an image frame, wherein the coordinate system of the image frame has a set conversion relation with the coordinate system of the planar target imaging area, and the unit image formed by the unit imaging area shot by the imaging unit each time is filled in the corresponding position in the image frame after the coordinate system conversion.
8. A planar imaging method as set forth in claim 1, wherein the light sources are in one-to-one correspondence with the imaging units, and the light sources and the imaging units are moved in synchronization when the relative positions between the planes and the light sources are adjusted.
9. A planar imaging method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light source and the imaging unit are in a many-to-one correspondence, and the imaging unit is relatively fixed when the relative position between the plane and the light source is adjusted.
10. A planar imaging method as set forth in claim 9, wherein the light sources correspond one-to-one to unit imaging areas.
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| CN202010859900.7A CN114088715A (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2020-08-24 | Planar imaging method |
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| CN202010859900.7A CN114088715A (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2020-08-24 | Planar imaging method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006266933A (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-10-05 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for inspecting defect in transparent plate |
| CN105486700A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-04-13 | 许迪 | System for detecting defects of transparent object and use method thereof |
| CN106932406A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-07 | 许迪 | A kind of device for detecting transparent substance defect |
| CN109030495A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-18 | 大连鉴影光学科技有限公司 | A kind of optical element defect inspection method based on machine vision technique |
| CN209624422U (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-11-12 | 北京大恒图像视觉有限公司 | A kind of concave-convex defect detecting device based on linear array imaging |
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2020
- 2020-08-24 CN CN202010859900.7A patent/CN114088715A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006266933A (en) * | 2005-03-24 | 2006-10-05 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | Method and apparatus for inspecting defect in transparent plate |
| CN105486700A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-04-13 | 许迪 | System for detecting defects of transparent object and use method thereof |
| CN106932406A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-07-07 | 许迪 | A kind of device for detecting transparent substance defect |
| CN109030495A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-12-18 | 大连鉴影光学科技有限公司 | A kind of optical element defect inspection method based on machine vision technique |
| CN209624422U (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-11-12 | 北京大恒图像视觉有限公司 | A kind of concave-convex defect detecting device based on linear array imaging |
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