CN114088529A - Longitudinal bending load and transverse tension/compression load coupling loading method - Google Patents
Longitudinal bending load and transverse tension/compression load coupling loading method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114088529A CN114088529A CN202111418107.4A CN202111418107A CN114088529A CN 114088529 A CN114088529 A CN 114088529A CN 202111418107 A CN202111418107 A CN 202111418107A CN 114088529 A CN114088529 A CN 114088529A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/20—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady bending forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0023—Bending
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
Abstract
The invention provides a method for coupling and loading longitudinal bending load and transverse tension/compression load, which comprises the following steps: applying longitudinal bending load to the center of the test piece by using a jacking mechanism, and applying transverse tension load or transverse pressure load to the test piece; when the test piece is elongated or shortened by a preset value, the jacking mechanism and/or the clamping seat are quickly moved to a specified position, so that a jacking rod assembly of the jacking mechanism is opposite to the center of the test piece; repeating the steps once or for multiple times until the test is finished. The invention can always ensure that the longitudinal bending load application point is positioned in the middle area of the test piece, carries out regular stress test according to the actual stress state of the test piece, can efficiently, accurately, stably and flexibly control the strain concentration area in real time, can continuously carry out the cooperative/coupled loading of the longitudinal bending load and the transverse tension/compression load in outdoor environment, particularly severe environment for a long time, and is particularly suitable for evaluating the environmental damage performance evolution of engineering plastic components.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical tests, and particularly relates to a longitudinal bending load and transverse tension/compression load coupling loading method.
Background
To achieve a particular function or performance, the load-bearing members are often complex in construction. Under the condition of use environment, the bearing component is subjected to the action of loads under various complex service working conditions to different degrees in the processes of assembly, storage, transportation and use. Various performances of the material can be changed under the coupling action of environment and stress, the material is easy to break down, and the damage forms are various. Aiming at the most common bearing members (such as curved bearing members) which bear tension/compression load and bending load simultaneously in engineering practice, the method for researching and developing the coupling loading test has strong practical significance for regularly simulating the actual stress state of the bearing members.
In the prior art, document CN2758743 discloses a plate-shaped curvature rod, two ends of the curvature rod are straight rods, and the middle of the curvature rod is a bending structure, during an experiment, on an electronic universal testing machine, eccentric tensile or compression experiments are performed on samples with different curvature radii according to a simple tensile experiment method. However, with this solution, the test piece must be made into a specific bending structure in advance, which is obviously tedious to implement, difficult to implement, and the applicable object has great limitations.
In addition, document CN2021106648412 discloses a comprehensive testing device for internal pressure, tension, torsion and bending load of a flexible composite pipeline, which comprises an upper base station, a lower base station and a hydraulic cylinder column, wherein a cylinder barrel and a cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder column are respectively and fixedly connected to the upper base station and the lower base station, an internal pressure loading assembly is arranged on the upper base station, a rotary chassis and a hydraulic driving assembly are arranged on the lower base station, bending load loading is performed through the hydraulic cylinder and a coupler, the hydraulic cylinder changes displacement through expansion and contraction, so that the force magnitude is changed, the force direction is changed through the coupler, and the lower flange connector is connected with a sealing joint flange at the bottom end of the flexible composite pipeline to perform force magnitude and direction transmission, so that bending moment is applied to the flexible composite pipeline. However, the device is only suitable for flexible pipelines, the test piece is subjected to irregular bending after bending load is applied, the strain concentration area is uncontrollable, and the device cannot be continuously used in outdoor environment for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a longitudinal bending load and transverse tension/compression load coupling loading method, which can perform a regular stress test according to the actual stress state of a test piece, flexibly control a strain concentration area, and continuously perform the cooperative loading of the longitudinal bending load and the transverse tension/compression load in an outdoor environment for a long time.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A loading method for coupling longitudinal bending load and transverse tension/compression load is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, applying a longitudinal bending load to the center of a test piece by using a jacking mechanism, and simultaneously applying a transverse tension load or a transverse pressure load to the test piece;
step 2, after the test piece is elongated or shortened by a preset value, quickly moving the jacking mechanism and/or the clamping seat to a specified position to enable a jacking rod assembly of the jacking mechanism to be over against the center of the test piece; the clamping seat is used for clamping a test piece; as a preferable scheme: two groups of elastic pieces with the same specification which are connected to the clamping seat and the jacking mechanism at the same time and are symmetrically arranged are adopted to pull the jacking mechanism to a specified position, or a creep automatic compensation system connected to the clamping seat is adopted to automatically pull the clamping seat to the specified position; in the invention, two, four or six elastic parts connected to the same side of the jacking mechanism are called as a group of elastic parts, and the symmetrical arrangement means that two groups of elastic parts are symmetrically arranged around the jacking mechanism;
and 3, repeating the steps 1-2 once or more times until the test is finished.
In order to continuously and stably apply bending fatigue stress to a sample, the jacking mechanism comprises: the middle point between the two clamping seats and the center of the top pressing mechanism support are positioned on the same vertical line; a jacking rod assembly is vertically arranged on the jacking mechanism support, the upper end of the jacking rod assembly is used for jacking a test piece, and a crank mechanism below the jacking rod assembly is connected with a motor; the crank mechanism comprises a cam connected to an output shaft of the motor, the cam is matched with the movable shaft, and the movable shaft and the jacking rod assembly are driven to reciprocate up and down when the cam rotates.
In order to improve the stability in the test process, the top pressure mechanism further comprises: the guide sleeve is vertically penetrated and fixed on the support of the jacking mechanism, the movable shaft is axially arranged in the guide sleeve, the upper end of the movable shaft is abutted against the jacking rod assembly, the lower end of the movable shaft is matched with the cam, the ear pins symmetrically arranged on the movable shaft radially penetrate through strip-shaped holes of the guide sleeve, one part of the jacking rod assembly is precisely matched in the guide sleeve, and the other part of the jacking rod assembly extends upwards.
In order to facilitate accurate adjustment of bending stress of different sizes, the jacking rod assembly comprises a cylinder with a brim, a screw hole is formed in the middle of the brim, jacking rods are axially and threadedly matched in the screw hole, the top ends of the jacking rods are used for jacking a test piece, a second spring is sleeved on the cylinder, and the upper end of the second spring abuts against the brim and the lower end of the second spring abuts against the movable shaft.
In order to enable the test piece to have a regular bending phenomenon and conveniently and accurately control a strain concentration area, the jacking mechanism support can be slidably matched or fixed on the horizontal guide rail, and two sets of elastic pieces with the same specification symmetrically arranged on the jacking mechanism support are respectively connected with the clamping seat. By adopting the structure, the longitudinal bending load application point can be quickly ensured to be positioned in the middle of the test piece.
In order to control the strain concentration area more accurately and stably, two clamping seats are in sliding fit on a horizontal guide rail, one clamping seat B is connected with a tension/compression load loading system through a horizontally arranged lever, the other clamping seat A is connected with a creep automatic compensation system, and the creep automatic compensation system is used for pulling back the clamping seat A to a specified position. Preferably, the creep automatic compensation system comprises a ball screw fixedly connected to the clamping seat A, a nut seat with a first helical tooth is matched on the ball screw, and the first helical tooth is meshed with a second helical tooth at the output end of the servo motor; or the ball screw is matched with a nut seat, a first helical tooth is fixedly sleeved on the nut seat, and the first helical tooth is meshed with a second helical tooth at the output end of the servo motor; when the servo motor operates, the second helical tooth is driven to rotate, so that the nut seat is driven to rotate, and the ball screw is driven to move to pull back the clamping seat A.
In order to control the strain concentration area efficiently, accurately, stably and flexibly in real time, a sensor A and a sensor B are arranged right below the lever, the sensor A, the sensor B, the servo motor and the tension/compression load loading system are respectively connected with a control system, the control system comprises a memory, a processor and a program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, and the processor realizes the following steps/functions when executing the program: when the sensor A monitors that the lever deflects by a preset angle, a servo motor of the creep automatic compensation system is started to operate immediately, the clamping seat A is pulled back to a preset position, and then the servo motor is controlled to be closed; and when the sensor B monitors that the lever deflects by a preset angle II, immediately closing the pull/press load loading system.
As a preferred scheme, the ejector rod is a single-head screw rod; or the ejector rod is provided with a cylindrical part, the top end of the cylindrical part is connected with the U-shaped part or the V-shaped part, and the U-shaped part or the V-shaped part is integrally connected with the top end of the cylindrical part. With such a structure, the longitudinal shift of the test piece can be prevented.
Has the advantages that: by adopting the scheme of the invention, the longitudinal bending load application point can be always ensured to be positioned in the middle area of the test piece under the unattended condition, the regular stress test is carried out according to the actual stress state of the test piece, the strain concentration area can be efficiently, accurately, stably and flexibly controlled in real time, the cooperative/coupling loading of the longitudinal bending load and the transverse pulling/pressing load can be continuously carried out under the outdoor environment, particularly the severe environment (such as coastal areas and high-cold areas) for a long time (months or even years), and the method is particularly suitable for researching and evaluating the environmental damage performance evolution of engineering plastic components; by adopting the scheme of the invention, the cooperative loading of the bending stress and the tensile/compressive stress of high frequency and large load can be stably carried out on the test piece (particularly the rod piece, the plate piece and the cylindrical piece in the creep state), and when the bending loading frequency is 1-5HZ, the bending stress load can reach more than 375 kg.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a partial schematic view of an apparatus for applying longitudinal bending and tensile loads to a test piece according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of an exemplary creep automatic compensation system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view (inclined elevation) of the pressing mechanism in the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of the first pressing mechanism in the embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a partial perspective view of the second embodiment of the pressing mechanism;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a top press rod assembly of the top press mechanism of the embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a first schematic diagram of a top rod of the top pressing mechanism in the embodiment;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a top rod of the top pressing mechanism in the embodiment II.
Detailed Description
The following examples are only for helping understanding the principle of the present invention and the core idea thereof, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications to the invention as described herein, which do not depart from the principles of the invention, are intended to be within the scope of the claims which follow.
Examples
The apparatus for applying the load coupling the longitudinal bending load and the lateral tension/compression load will be described. As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the apparatus includes a stage, a pressing mechanism 300 provided on the stage for applying a longitudinal bending load to the test piece, a tension/compression load loading system 100 for applying a lateral tension load or a lateral compression load to the test piece; the bench is provided with two parallel horizontal guide rails 41, two clamping seats are in sliding fit on the horizontal guide rails 41, one clamping seat B102 is connected with the tension/compression load loading system 100 through a horizontally arranged lever 21, the other clamping seat A101 is connected with a creep automatic compensation system 200, and the creep automatic compensation system 200 is used for pulling back the clamping seat A101 to a specified position.
Wherein, top pressure mechanism 300 includes: the jacking mechanism support 40 is arranged between the two clamping seats, the jacking mechanism support 40 is slidably matched on the horizontal guide rail rod 53, and the midpoint between the two clamping seats and the center of the jacking mechanism support 40 are positioned on the same vertical line; a jacking rod assembly 43 is vertically arranged on the jacking mechanism support 40, the upper end of the jacking rod assembly 43 is used for jacking the test piece 11, and a crank mechanism below the jacking rod assembly 43 is connected with a motor 44; the crank mechanism comprises a cam 45 connected to an output shaft of the motor 44, the cam 45 is matched with the movable shaft 48, and the cam 45 drives the movable shaft 48 and the jacking rod assembly 43 to reciprocate up and down when rotating. The top pressure mechanism still includes: the pressing mechanism comprises a guide sleeve 47 vertically penetrating and fixed on a pressing mechanism support 40, a movable shaft 48 is axially arranged in the guide sleeve 47, the upper end of the movable shaft 48 abuts against a pressing rod assembly 43, the lower end of the movable shaft 48 is matched with a cam 45, ear pins 49 symmetrically arranged on the movable shaft 48 radially penetrate through a strip-shaped hole 50 of the guide sleeve 47, one part of the pressing rod assembly 43 is precisely matched in the guide sleeve 47, and the other part of the pressing rod assembly 43 extends upwards.
Wherein, more specifically: as shown in fig. 6, the pressing rod assembly 43 includes a cylinder 432 with a brim 431, a screw hole 433 is provided in the middle of the brim 431, a top rod 434 is axially and threadedly engaged in the screw hole 433, the top rod 434 adopts a single-head hexagonal screw, the top end of the top rod 434 is used for pressing the test piece 11, a second spring 435 is sleeved on the cylinder 432, the upper end of the second spring 435 abuts against the brim 431, and the lower end of the second spring 435 abuts against the movable shaft 48. With such a structure, not only is it convenient to apply different magnitudes of bending stress with precise adjustment, but also different fatigue bending stresses can be applied by replacing the second spring 435 of different specifications. Two sets of elastic pieces with the same specification symmetrically arranged on the top pressure mechanism support 40 are respectively connected with the clamping seat, the elastic pieces adopt springs, one end of each elastic piece is connected with the side wall of the top pressure mechanism support 40, and the other end of each elastic piece is connected with the side wall of the clamping seat; more preferably, the elastic part is made of rubber bands.
As shown in fig. 2, the creep automatic compensation system 200 includes a ball screw 61 fixedly connected to the holder a101, a nut holder 63 with a first helical tooth 62 is fitted on the ball screw 61, and the first helical tooth 62 is engaged with a second helical tooth 64 at the output end of the servo motor 60; or, a nut seat 63 is matched on the ball screw 61, a first helical tooth 62 is fixedly sleeved on the nut seat 63, and the first helical tooth 62 is meshed with a second helical tooth 64 at the output end of the servo motor 60; when the servo motor 60 operates, the second helical tooth 64 is driven to rotate, and then the nut seat 63 is driven to rotate, and further the ball screw 61 is driven to move, so as to realize the pull-back of the clamping seat a 101. With such a structure, it is possible to realize: when the servo motor 60 is turned off, the clamping seat A101 is in a fixed state; when the servo motor 60 is turned on, the holder a101 is in an active state.
A sensor a and a sensor B are arranged right below the lever 21, the sensor a, the sensor B, the servo motor 60 and the tension/compression load loading system are respectively connected with a control system, the control system comprises a memory, a processor and a program which is stored on the memory and can be run on the processor, and the processor realizes the following steps/functions when executing the program: when the sensor A monitors that the lever 21 deflects by a preset angle, the servo motor 60 of the creep automatic compensation system 200 is started to operate immediately, the clamping seat A101 is pulled back to a preset position, the clamping seat B102 moves synchronously along with the clamping seat A101 at the moment, and then the servo motor 60 is controlled to be turned off; when the sensor B detects that the lever 21 is deflected by the preset angle two, the pull/press load loading system 100 is immediately turned off.
A loading method for coupling longitudinal bending load and transverse tension/compression load adopts the equipment in the embodiment, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, applying a longitudinal bending load to the center of a test piece by using a jacking mechanism 300, and simultaneously applying a transverse tension load or a transverse pressure load to the test piece;
step 2, after the test piece is elongated or shortened by a preset value, quickly moving the jacking mechanism 300 and the clamping seat to an appointed position, automatically pulling the clamping seat to the appointed position through a creep automatic compensation system connected to the clamping seat, and simultaneously pulling the jacking mechanism to the appointed position by means of two groups of elastic pieces with the same specification, so that a jacking rod assembly of the jacking mechanism 300 is opposite to the center of the test piece;
and 3, repeating the steps 1-2 once or more times until the test is finished.
Procedure for applying load to the center of the test piece: when the motor 44 operates, the cam 45 is driven to rotate, when the cam 45 rotates, the movable shaft 48 is driven to move up and down in a reciprocating manner, the jacking rod assembly 43 moves up and down along with the movable shaft 48 in a reciprocating manner, when the jacking rod assembly 43 moves up, the test piece is longitudinally jacked to apply longitudinal load to bend the test piece, when the jacking rod assembly 43 moves down, the test piece resets, and thus the continuous operation is performed to continuously apply bending load to the test piece; and when the bending load is applied, a tension/compression load loading system is adopted to apply a transverse tension load or a transverse compression load to the test piece, and the two loads are applied simultaneously, so that the coupling loading of the longitudinal bending load and the transverse tension/compression load of the test piece is realized.
Because the test piece creeps and becomes longer gradually under the action of the transverse tensile load, the clamping seat B102 can also make adaptive displacement along with the test piece, and therefore, the jacking mechanism and/or the clamping seat are required to be moved to adjust the application point of the longitudinal load. In the embodiment, the sensor a arranged right below the lever 21 is used for monitoring the deflection amount of the lever 21, once the lever 21 deflects to a preset angle, the test piece is elongated to a certain degree, the middle part of the test piece deviates from a longitudinal load application area, then the servo motor 60 of the creep automatic compensation system is started to operate immediately, the clamping seat a101 is pulled back to a preset position, the middle part of the test piece returns to the longitudinal load application area again, and then the servo motor 60 is controlled to be turned off; when the sensor B detects that the lever 21 deflects by the preset angle two as the test piece continues to be elongated, the test piece is broken by pulling, and the tension/compression load loading system is immediately closed. In this embodiment, two sets of elastic members (springs) with the same specification symmetrically arranged on the jacking mechanism support 40 can perform an automatic centering function, and after either the holder a101 or the holder B102 moves, the elastic members can automatically adjust the extension or contraction amount, so that the jacking mechanism is always located at the central position between the holder a101 and the holder B102, thereby further ensuring that the jacking member is over against the center of the test piece.
In other embodiments, the jacking mechanism support 40 may be fixed on the horizontal guide rail 53, and the clamping seat is pulled back by half of the elongation of the test piece directly through the creep automatic compensation system, for example, when the elongation of the test piece (engineering plastic rod) is Nmm, the center of the elongated test piece is shifted by N/2mm relative to the center of the test piece in the initial state, at this time, the clamping seat B102 needs to be pulled back by N/2mm, and the clamping seat a101 also needs to be moved back by N/2mm correspondingly.
In other embodiments, the push rod 434 may also have a structure that (1) as shown in fig. 7, the push rod 434 has a cylindrical part 51, the top end of the cylindrical part 51 is connected with the U-shaped part 52, and when a longitudinal bending load is applied, a test piece passes through the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped part 52; (2) as shown in fig. 8, the jack 434 has a cylindrical portion 51, the tip of the cylindrical portion 51 is connected to the V-shaped portion 54, and the test piece is inserted through the space in the V-shaped groove of the V-shaped portion 54 when a longitudinal bending load is applied.
By adopting the scheme in the embodiment, the longitudinal bending load application point can be always ensured to be positioned in the middle area of the test piece under the unattended condition, the regular stress test is carried out according to the actual stress state of the test piece, the strain concentration area can be efficiently, accurately, stably and flexibly controlled in real time, the cooperative/coupling loading of the longitudinal bending load and the transverse pulling/pressing load can be continuously carried out under the outdoor environment, particularly the severe environment (such as coastal areas and high-cold areas) for a long time (months or even years), and the method is particularly suitable for researching and evaluating the environmental damage performance evolution of engineering plastic components; by adopting the scheme in the embodiment, the test piece (particularly the rod piece, the plate piece and the cylindrical piece in a creep state) can be stably loaded with the bending stress and the tensile/compressive stress in a high-frequency and large-load manner, and when the bending loading frequency is 1-5HZ, the bending stress load can reach more than 375 kg.
Claims (10)
1. A loading method for coupling longitudinal bending load and transverse tension/compression load is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, applying a longitudinal bending load to the center of a test piece by using a jacking mechanism, and simultaneously applying a transverse tension load or a transverse pressure load to the test piece;
step 2, after the test piece is elongated or shortened by a preset value, quickly moving the jacking mechanism and/or the clamping seat to a specified position to enable a jacking rod assembly of the jacking mechanism to be over against the center of the test piece; the clamping seat is used for clamping a test piece;
and 3, repeating the steps 1-2 once or more times until the test is finished.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: two groups of elastic pieces with the same specification which are connected to the clamping seat and the jacking mechanism at the same time and are symmetrically arranged are adopted to pull the jacking mechanism to the designated position, or a creep automatic compensation system connected to the clamping seat is adopted to automatically pull the clamping seat to the designated position.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pressing mechanism comprises: the jacking mechanism support (40) is arranged between the two clamping seats, and the midpoint between the two clamping seats and the center of the jacking mechanism support (40) are positioned on the same vertical line; a jacking rod assembly (43) is vertically arranged on the jacking mechanism support (40), the upper end of the jacking rod assembly (43) is used for jacking the test piece (11), and a crank mechanism below the jacking rod assembly (43) is connected with a motor (44); the crank mechanism comprises a cam (45) connected to an output shaft of the motor (44), the cam (45) is matched with the movable shaft (48), and the movable shaft (48) and the jacking rod assembly (43) are driven to reciprocate up and down when the cam (45) rotates.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the jacking mechanism further comprises: the pressing mechanism comprises a guide sleeve (47) vertically penetrating and fixed on a pressing mechanism support (40), a movable shaft (48) is axially arranged in the guide sleeve (47), the upper end of the movable shaft (48) abuts against a pressing rod assembly (43), the lower end of the movable shaft (48) is matched with a cam (45), ear pins (49) symmetrically arranged on the movable shaft (48) radially penetrate through strip-shaped holes (50) of the guide sleeve (47), one part of the pressing rod assembly (43) is precisely matched in the guide sleeve (47), and the other part of the pressing rod assembly extends upwards.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: the jacking rod assembly (43) comprises a cylinder (432) with a brim (431), a screw hole (433) is formed in the middle of the brim (431), a jacking rod (434) is axially and threadedly matched in the screw hole (433), the top end of the jacking rod (434) is used for jacking the test piece (11), a second spring (435) is sleeved on the cylinder (432), and the upper end of the second spring (435) abuts against the brim (431) and the lower end abuts against a movable shaft (48).
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the jacking mechanism support (40) is slidably matched or fixed on the horizontal guide rail rod (53), two sets of elastic pieces with the same specification are symmetrically arranged on the jacking mechanism support (40) and are respectively connected with the clamping seat, and the elastic pieces adopt springs or rubber strips.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the two clamping seats are in sliding fit on the horizontal guide rail (41), one clamping seat B (102) is connected with a tension/compression load loading system through a horizontally arranged lever (21), the other clamping seat A (101) is connected with a creep automatic compensation system, and the creep automatic compensation system is used for pulling back the clamping seat A (101) to a specified position.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the creep automatic compensation system comprises a ball screw (61) fixedly connected to a clamping seat A (101), wherein a nut seat (63) with a first helical tooth (62) is matched on the ball screw (61), and the first helical tooth (62) is meshed with a second helical tooth (64) at the output end of a servo motor (60); or, a nut seat (63) is matched on the ball screw (61), a first helical tooth (62) is fixedly sleeved on the nut seat (63), and the first helical tooth (62) is meshed with a second helical tooth (64) at the output end of the servo motor (60); when the servo motor (60) runs, the second helical tooth (64) is driven to rotate, the nut seat (63) is further driven to rotate, and the ball screw (61) is further driven to move so as to realize the pull-back of the clamping seat A (101).
9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that a sensor A and a sensor B are arranged directly below the lever (21), the sensor A, the sensor B, the servo motor (60), the pull/press load loading system being respectively connected to a control system, the control system comprising a memory, a processor and a program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the following steps/functions when executing the program: when a sensor A monitors that the lever (21) deflects by a preset angle, a servo motor (60) of the creep automatic compensation system is started to operate immediately, the clamping seat A (101) is pulled back to a preset position, and then the servo motor (60) is controlled to be closed; and when the sensor B monitors that the lever (21) deflects by a preset angle II, immediately closing the pull/press load loading system.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: the ejector rod (434) is a single-head screw rod; or the ejector rod (434) is provided with a cylindrical part (51), the top end of the cylindrical part (51) is connected with the U-shaped part (52) or the V-shaped part (54), and the U-shaped part (52) or the V-shaped part (54) is connected with the top end of the cylindrical part (51) in an integrated forming way.
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| CN202111418107.4A CN114088529B (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Longitudinal bending load and transverse pulling/ballasting load coupling loading method |
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| CN202111418107.4A CN114088529B (en) | 2021-11-25 | 2021-11-25 | Longitudinal bending load and transverse pulling/ballasting load coupling loading method |
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