CN114087403A - Anchor rod sealing structure, anchor rod and anchor rod injection pressing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an anchor rod sealing structure, an anchor rod and an anchor rod injection method, which relate to the field of support equipment, and have the technical scheme that the anchor rod sealing structure comprises a shell fixedly connected with a rod body of the anchor rod, wherein an inner cavity penetrating through two ends is formed in the shell; two stepped structures with sequentially contracted inner diameters are arranged in the inner cavity, and the two stepped structures are respectively formed into a primary cavity corresponding to a primary sealing state and a secondary cavity corresponding to a secondary sealing state; the inner diameter of the primary cavity is larger than that of the secondary cavity; a valve core is arranged in the inner cavity in a sliding mode and moves along the axial direction of the inner cavity. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the sealing structure of the scheme is in one-way self-locking and sealing design, can realize one-stage sealing and two-stage sealing, ensures liquid in the sealing rod body after liquid injection, and keeps the pressure in the rod body for a long time. The sealing structure can display water pressure on the side surface while sealing in the first and second stages, and can provide effective reference for the safety of an underground roadway.

Description

Anchor rod sealing structure, anchor rod and anchor rod injection pressing method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engineering supporting equipment, in particular to an anchor rod sealing structure, an anchor rod and an anchor rod injection method.

Background

The anchor bolt support is characterized in that the mechanical state of surrounding rock is changed through anchor bolts in the surrounding rock, an integral and stable rock zone is formed around a roadway, and the aim of maintaining the stability of the roadway is fulfilled by utilizing the combined action of the anchor bolts and the surrounding rock. The mechanical action of the anchor rod mainly has the functions of suspension, combination beam, combination arch, span reduction and reinforcement. The anchor rod is good in use, good in supporting effect, material-saving, simple in construction, beneficial to mechanical operation and high in construction speed.

Therefore, in construction roadways such as culverts, mines, subways and the like, a large number of anchor rod supporting modes are adopted to prevent surrounding rocks from falling off, so that the effects of stabilization and reinforcement are achieved, and the lives of field construction workers are protected. The anchor rod is the main part of usefulness of strutting, and seam pipe anchor rod is mostly adopted at present now mainly because seam pipe anchor rod has convenient to use, light in weight, the advantage of the mechanized construction of being convenient for. However, the tube-sewing anchor rod has a certain limitation in use due to low anchoring force; therefore, improvement and innovation of the seam tube anchor rod are needed.

At present, expansion type anchor rods capable of expanding the area of the outer wall of a rod body by changing the overall external structure of the anchor rod exist, for example, the invention patent ZL201811336301.6 patent of slip casting type self-expansion anchor rod structure can cause a lateral expansion unit to generate radial expansion by applying external force of a stay cable so as to extrude rock mass with hole walls. However, the expansion structure of such an anchor rod is complicated, and because the anchor rod is buried in the structure when in use, it is difficult to control the injection pressure by observing the state of the rod body of the anchor rod.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an anchor rod sealing structure capable of clearly feeding back the internal pressure state of an anchor rod, the anchor rod and an anchor rod injection method.

The sealing structure comprises a shell fixedly connected with a rod body of an anchor rod, wherein an inner cavity penetrating through two ends is formed in the shell;

two stepped structures with sequentially contracted inner diameters are arranged in the inner cavity, and the two stepped structures are respectively formed into a primary cavity corresponding to a primary sealing state and a secondary cavity corresponding to a secondary sealing state; the inner diameter of the primary cavity is larger than that of the secondary cavity; when the sealing structure is used, one end of the shell, which is connected with the rod body of the anchor rod, is a discharge end, and the other end of the shell is an injection end; the primary cavity is close to the discharge end, and the secondary cavity is positioned on one side of the primary cavity facing the injection end;

a valve core is arranged in the inner cavity in a sliding mode and moves along the axial direction of the inner cavity.

Preferably, when the liquid injection is performed, the valve element moves toward the discharge end side of the housing; after the liquid injection is finished, the valve core moves towards the injection end of the shell under the pushing of the internal pressure of the rod body of the anchor rod, and when the valve core moves to the limit position, the end part of the valve core is flush with the outer end face of the shell or protrudes out of the outer end face.

Preferably, the valve core comprises a valve rod, and the valve rod is fixedly connected with a secondary boss and a primary boss in sequence towards one side of the discharge end; the first-stage boss is positioned in the first-stage cavity;

under the natural state, the outer diameter of the primary boss is larger than the inner diameter of the secondary cavity.

Preferably, the first-stage boss is an annular body, and the first-stage boss is an annular flange sheet.

Preferably, the valve core is made of elastic materials;

the Shore hardness of the valve core is 40-70 HD.

Preferably, the housing comprises a fixed shell and a movable shell, and the fixed shell is internally provided with the primary cavity;

the movable shell is sleeved inside the fixed shell, and the part of the movable shell, which is positioned in the fixed shell, is provided with the secondary cavity; a liquid injection hole corresponding to the valve rod is also formed in the movable shell;

the movable shell is sleeved inside the fixed shell, and a sealing gasket is arranged at the joint of the movable shell and the fixed shell.

Preferably, the inner wall of the primary cavity is provided with an internal thread, the part of the movable shell, which is positioned inside the fixed shell, is provided with an external thread, and the movable shell is in threaded connection with the fixed shell.

Preferably, a connecting flange is arranged on one side of the fixed shell corresponding to the discharge end.

The anchor rod comprises a rod body of the anchor rod and the anchor rod sealing structure, wherein a discharge end of the sealing structure is fixedly connected with the rod body of the anchor rod; an injection cavity is formed in the rod body of the anchor rod; the injection cavity is communicated with the inner cavity;

the wall of the anchor rod body is of an expandable structure.

Preferably, the wall of the rod body of the anchor rod is provided with at least one groove, and the long axis of the groove is parallel to the axis of the rod body of the anchor rod; the groove is formed by rolling a seamless steel pipe with the outer diameter larger than the aperture of the anchor hole in one step.

The injection cavity is a special-shaped cavity corresponding to the groove.

Preferably, the groove is provided with one groove, and the rod wall and the injection cavity of the rod body are both in a C shape.

Preferably, at least one end of the rod body of the anchor rod is a connecting part which is folded into a cylindrical shape, the rod body 1 with the groove is formed through a cold rolling roller, the part, corresponding to the concave part of the groove, of the rod wall is overlapped and attached to one inner side wall of the connecting part, a large liquid injection opening is formed in the end part, and the cylindrical structure is convenient to connect with the sealing structure 2.

Preferably, one end of the anchor rod, which is far away from the anchor rod sealing structure, is of a conical structure. The anchor rod can be conveniently inserted and is welded and fixed with the rod body. The diameter of the anchor rod is smaller than that of the hydraulic expansion type anchor rod body, so that the anchor rod can be conveniently installed.

An injection molding method of the anchor rod comprises the steps of,

s1, embedding the anchor rod in the arranged anchor hole;

s2, connecting the injection pipe with the discharge end of the anchor rod sealing structure;

s3, starting injection equipment, and starting liquid injection into the anchor rod through the injection pipe;

s4, removing the injection pipe after injection, and observing the state of the valve core;

s5, if the valve core is positioned in the shell of the sealing structure, it indicates that the inside of the anchor rod is leaked and needs to be processed;

and S6, if the valve core protrudes to the outer side of the shell, the internal pressure of the anchor rod reaches the construction requirement, and the anchor rod is intact, so that injection is completed.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the sealing structure of the scheme is in one-way self-locking and sealing design, can realize one-stage sealing and two-stage sealing, ensures liquid in the sealing rod body after liquid injection, and keeps the pressure in the rod body for a long time.

2. The sealing structure designed by the scheme is internally provided with a movable valve core, and the valve core is arranged in the shell in a primary sealing state; in the secondary sealing state, the valve core protrudes out of the shell. The sealing structure can display water pressure on the side surface while performing primary and secondary sealing, and can provide effective reference for the safety of an underground roadway.

3. The anchor rod of this scheme, because the anchor rod body has adopted the tubulose structure in area recess, reduced the body of rod volume, the recess is greater than the seamless steel pipe one-time roll-in shaping in anchor eye aperture by the external diameter, and processing is simple efficient, annotates the liquid back, makes the body of rod inflation through annotating the pressure, has increased the intensity of the body of rod, and the outer wall of the body of rod is laminated completely with the pore wall in anchor eye, owing to produced frictional force and auto-lock power along whole anchor rod overall length to consolidate the rock mass, improved the effect of anchor power.

4. Compare ordinary water conservancy inflation formula stock, this scheme structure is more reasonable, reduces substantially the use cost of use unit, improves production efficiency.

5. Because the stock can show the stock internal pressure condition, can regularly detect the stock anchor condition, to the stock that detection pressure is low, can carry out fluid infusion, pressure boost, ensure the anchor effect.

6. The sealing structure of the invention is convenient for liquid injection, can ensure the liquid pressure in the sealing rod body after liquid injection, and can effectively improve the anchoring force of the rod body.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a seal configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the primary sealing condition of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a rod structure according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a rod body structure according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Wherein the reference numerals are: 1. a shank of the anchor; 101. an injection chamber; 102. a connecting portion; 2. an anchor rod sealing structure; 21. a housing; 211. a stationary case; 212. a movable shell; 22. an inner cavity; 221. a primary chamber; 222. a secondary chamber; 23. a valve core; 231. a first-stage boss; 232. a secondary boss; 233. a valve stem; 3. and a gasket.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Of course, the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "disposed" are to be construed broadly, e.g. as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides an anchor rod sealing structure, which includes a housing 21 fixedly connected to a rod body 1 of an anchor rod, an inner cavity 22 penetrating through both ends is formed in the housing 21, and when the sealing structure is connected to the rod body 1 of the anchor rod, the inner cavity 22 is communicated with an injection cavity 101 in the rod body 1 of the anchor rod;

two stepped structures with sequentially contracted inner diameters are arranged in the inner cavity 22, and the two stepped structures are respectively formed into a primary cavity 221 corresponding to a primary sealing state and a secondary cavity 222 corresponding to a secondary sealing state; the inner diameter of the primary chamber 221 is greater than the inner diameter of the secondary chamber 222; when the sealing structure is used, one end of the shell 21 connected with the rod body 1 of the anchor rod is a discharge end, and the other end of the shell is an injection end; the primary chamber 221 is close to the discharge end, and the secondary chamber 222 is located on the side of the primary chamber 221 facing the injection end;

a valve core 23 is arranged in the inner cavity 22 in a sliding mode, and the valve core 23 moves along the axial direction of the inner cavity 22.

When the liquid injection is performed, the valve element 23 moves toward the discharge end side of the housing 21; after the liquid injection is finished, the valve core 23 moves towards the injection end of the shell 21 under the pushing of the internal pressure of the rod body 1 of the anchor rod, and when the valve core 23 moves to the limit position, the end part of the valve core 23 protrudes out of the outer end surface.

The valve core 23 comprises a valve rod 233, and the valve rod 233 is fixedly connected with a secondary boss 232 and a primary boss 231 in sequence towards one side of the discharge end; the primary land 231 is located within the primary chamber 221;

naturally, the outer diameter of the primary land 231 is greater than the inner diameter of the secondary chamber 222.

The first-stage boss 231 is an annular body, and the first-stage boss 231 is an annular flange piece.

The spool 23 is made of rubber. Shore hardness is 60 HD.

The end of the valve core 23 facing the injection end is painted with a distinct marking color, or the valve core 23 itself is made of red or orange material, so that the valve core has a sharp contrast with the housing 21.

Instructions for use:

the liquid can be used as common liquid during injection, and the common liquid is water.

When this device uses, be connected the water injection end of casing 21 with water injection equipment, the starting equipment begins to annotate and presses, along with the pouring into of outside liquid, case 23 removes to the discharge end to liquid enters into the body of rod 1 of stock through inner chamber 22 in, when annotating the back that presses the completion, stops liquid and pours into, and the body of rod 1 of stock this moment is inside to have pressure, under the promotion of this strength, case 23 antiport. Observing the state of the valve core 23, referring to the state shown in fig. 4, the primary boss 231 is clamped at the edge of the secondary chamber 221, and the sealing structure is in a primary sealing state, in which the valve core 23 is entirely located in the shell 21, which indicates that the rod body 1 of the anchor rod is leaked and needs to be treated correspondingly. Referring to the state of the valve core 23 shown in fig. 3, the primary boss 231 is broken or is extruded into the secondary chamber 222, the valve core 23 protrudes from the outer end of the housing 21, and the sealing structure is in a secondary sealing state, which indicates that the rod body is intact, and the injection-compression construction is completed.

The valve core 23 is made of elastic material; shore hardness can be 40-70 HD. The valve core 23, especially the first-stage boss 231, is made of elastic material, so that the sealing effect can be ensured to be better in the first-stage sealing state.

Example 2

On the basis of embodiment 1, the housing 21 includes a fixed housing 211 and a movable housing 212, and a first-stage chamber 221 is formed in the fixed housing 211;

the movable shell 212 is sleeved inside the fixed shell 211, and a part of the movable shell 212, which is located inside the fixed shell 211, is provided with a secondary chamber 222; a liquid injection hole corresponding to the valve rod 233 is also formed in the movable shell 212;

the movable shell 212 is sleeved inside the fixed shell 211, and a sealing gasket 3 is arranged at the joint of the movable shell 212 and the fixed shell 211.

The inner wall of the primary chamber 221 is provided with a tight fine thread, the part of the movable shell 212 positioned inside the fixed shell 211 is provided with a tight fine thread, and the movable shell 212 is in threaded connection with the fixed shell 211.

A connecting flange is provided at one side of the fixed case 211 corresponding to the discharge end.

Through the scheme, the shell 21 of the sealing structure is divided into two parts, so that the manufacturing, the installation and the maintenance are convenient.

Example 3

On the basis of the above embodiment with reference to fig. 1-5, the present solution provides a rock bolt, which comprises a rock bolt body 1 and the above rock bolt sealing structure 2, wherein the discharge end of the sealing structure 2 is fixedly connected with the rock bolt body 1; an injection cavity 101 is formed in the rod body 1 of the anchor rod; the injection chamber 101 communicates with the inner chamber 22;

the wall of the rod body 1 of the anchor rod is of a full-length expandable structure.

The wall of the rod body 1 of the anchor rod is provided with a groove, and the long axis of the groove is parallel to the axis of the rod body 1; the groove is formed by rolling the seamless steel pipe with the outer diameter larger than the aperture of the anchor hole at one time.

The injection cavity 101 is a shaped cavity corresponding to the groove.

The groove is provided with one groove, and the wall of the rod body 1 of the anchor rod and the injection cavity 101 are both in a C shape.

When the device is used, the anchor rod is placed into the anchor rod hole and then injected with high-pressure water to expand the anchor rod, in the expansion process, the rod body 1 of the anchor rod generates permanent deformation, the rod wall is completely attached to the hole wall of the anchor rod hole, and friction force and self-locking force are generated along the whole length of the anchor rod, so that the rock mass is reinforced.

The rod body 1 of the anchor rod can be expanded to meet the requirement when the injection pressure is 25-30MPa, and the flange sheet of the valve core 23, namely the primary boss 231 can be broken or extruded into the secondary chamber 222 when the injection pressure is 15-20 MPa. The pressure of the 15MPa is feedback of the internal pressure after the water injection end stops injecting water, if the rod body leaks, the pressure cannot reach 15MPa, the flange cannot be broken, if the water does not leak, the pressure acts on the valve core after the water injection is stopped, the flange end of the valve core can be split or extruded and deformed, the valve core 23 is further pushed to enter the secondary cavity 222 for sealing, and at the moment, the end of the valve core 23 extends out of the shell 21, so that the external observation is facilitated.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 6, on the basis of embodiment 3, the water inlet end of the rod body 1 of the anchor rod is a connecting part 102 folded into a cylindrical shape, and the other end has the same shape, the water inlet end of the rod body 1 with the groove is formed by a cold rolling roller, the part of the rod wall corresponding to the concave part of the groove is overlapped and attached to one inner side wall of the connecting part 102, a larger liquid injection port is formed at the end part, and the cylindrical structure is convenient to be connected with the sealing structure 2.

Example 5

On the basis of embodiment 4, the body of rod 1 of stock is for drawing together into cylindric connecting portion 102, and other end shape is the toper (not shown in the figure), and the other end adopts the toper structure, more does benefit to and inserts the anchor eye.

Example 6

The other is the same as embodiment 1 except that the spool 23 is made of rubber. Shore hardness is 40 HD.

Example 7

The other is the same as embodiment 1 except that the spool 23 is made of rubber. Shore hardness is 70 HD.

Example 8

On the basis of the above embodiment, the present scheme provides an anchor rod injection method, using the aforementioned injection expansion type anchor rod, including the steps of:

s1, embedding the anchor rod in the arranged anchor hole;

s2, connecting the injection pipe with the discharge end of the anchor rod sealing structure 2;

s3, starting injection equipment, and starting liquid injection into the anchor rod through the injection pipe;

s4, removing the injection pipe after injection, and observing the state of the valve core 23;

s5, if the valve core 23 is positioned in the shell 21 of the sealing structure 2, the leakage occurs in the anchor rod, and the treatment is needed;

and S6, if the valve core 23 protrudes out of the shell 21, the internal pressure of the anchor rod reaches the construction requirement, and the anchor rod is intact, and the injection is completed.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (11)

1. The anchor rod sealing structure is characterized by comprising a shell (21) fixedly connected with a rod body (1) of an anchor rod, wherein an inner cavity (22) penetrating through two ends is formed in the shell (21);

two stepped structures with sequentially contracted inner diameters are arranged in the inner cavity (22), and the two stepped structures are respectively formed into a primary chamber (221) corresponding to a primary sealing state and a secondary chamber (222) corresponding to a secondary sealing state; the inner diameter of the primary chamber (221) is larger than that of the secondary chamber (222); when the sealing structure is used, one end of the shell (21) connected with the rod body (1) of the anchor rod is a discharge end, and the other end of the shell is an injection end; the primary chamber (221) is close to the discharge end, and the secondary chamber (222) is positioned on one side of the primary chamber (221) facing the injection end;

a valve core (23) is arranged in the inner cavity (22) in a sliding mode, and the valve core (23) moves along the axial direction of the inner cavity (22).

2. The anchor rod sealing structure according to claim 1, wherein the valve core (23) moves toward the discharge end side of the housing (21) when liquid injection is performed; after the liquid injection is finished, the valve core (23) moves towards the injection end of the shell (21) under the pushing of the internal pressure of the rod body (1) of the anchor rod, and when the valve core (23) moves to the limit position, the end part of the valve core (23) is flush with the outer end face of the shell (21) or protrudes out of the outer end face.

3. The anchor sealing structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the valve core (23) comprises a valve rod (233), and the valve rod (233) is fixedly connected with a secondary boss (232) and a primary boss (231) in sequence towards the discharge end side;

the outer diameter of the primary boss (231) is larger than the inner diameter of the secondary chamber (222).

4. The anchor seal construction of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the primary boss (231) is an annular body; or

The valve core (23) is made of elastic materials, and the Shore hardness of the valve core (23) is 40-70 HD.

5. The anchor seal structure of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the housing (21) comprises a fixed shell (211) and a movable shell (212), and the fixed shell (211) has the primary chamber (221) formed therein;

the movable shell (212) is sleeved inside the fixed shell (211), and the part of the movable shell (212) located inside the fixed shell (211) is provided with the secondary cavity (222); a liquid injection hole corresponding to the valve rod (233) is also formed in the movable shell (212);

the movable shell (212) is sleeved inside the fixed shell (211), and a sealing gasket (3) is arranged at the joint of the movable shell (212) and the fixed shell (211).

6. The anchor rod sealing structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inner wall of the primary chamber (221) is provided with internal threads, the part of the movable shell (212) positioned inside the fixed shell (211) is provided with external threads, and the movable shell (212) is in threaded connection with the fixed shell (211); or

And one side of the fixed shell (211) corresponding to the discharge end is provided with a connecting flange.

7. A rock bolt comprising a bolt body (1) and a bolt sealing arrangement (2) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the discharge end of the sealing arrangement (2) being fixedly connected to the bolt body (1); an injection cavity (101) is formed in the rod body (1) of the anchor rod; the injection cavity (101) is communicated with the inner cavity (22);

the wall of the rod body (1) of the anchor rod is of an expandable structure.

8. A rock bolt according to claim 7, characterized in that the wall of the shank (1) of the rock bolt is provided with at least one groove, the long axis of which is parallel to the axis of the shank (1) of the rock bolt;

the injection cavity (101) is a special-shaped cavity corresponding to the groove.

9. A rock bolt according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the recess is provided with one groove, and the wall of the body (1) of the rock bolt and the injection chamber (101) are both "C" shaped.

10. A rock bolt according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the body (1) of the rock bolt is at least at one end a connecting portion (102) which converges into a cylindrical shape.

11. A method of injection moulding a rock bolt, using a rock bolt according to any one of claims 7 to 10, including the steps of:

s1, embedding the anchor rod in the arranged anchor hole;

s2, connecting the injection pipe with the discharge end of the anchor rod sealing structure (2);

s3, starting injection equipment, and injecting liquid into the anchor rod through the injection pipe;

s4, removing the injection pipe after injection, and observing the state of the valve core (23);

s5, if the valve core (23) is positioned in the shell (21) of the sealing structure (2), the leakage occurs in the anchor rod, and the treatment is needed;

s6, if the valve core (23) protrudes to the outer side of the shell (21), it is indicated that the internal pressure of the anchor rod reaches the construction requirement, and the anchor rod is intact, and the injection is completed.

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