CN114086898A - Casing centralizer for well cementation construction and method - Google Patents
Casing centralizer for well cementation construction and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114086898A CN114086898A CN202210046865.6A CN202210046865A CN114086898A CN 114086898 A CN114086898 A CN 114086898A CN 202210046865 A CN202210046865 A CN 202210046865A CN 114086898 A CN114086898 A CN 114086898A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1042—Elastomer protector or centering means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1014—Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well
- E21B17/1021—Flexible or expansible centering means, e.g. with pistons pressing against the wall of the well with articulated arms or arcuate springs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/10—Wear protectors; Centralising devices, e.g. stabilisers
- E21B17/1057—Centralising devices with rollers or with a relatively rotating sleeve
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/122—Multiple string packers
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of oil exploitation equipment, in particular to a casing centralizer for well cementation construction and a method. The technical scheme is as follows: the middle part of the base pipe is provided with a second centering device, an upper sealing device and a lower sealing device are respectively arranged on two sides of the second centering device, an upper sealing cylinder sleeve of the upper sealing device is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe, an upper sealing piston is arranged in an inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve, and the lower end of the upper sealing piston is matched with an upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder arranged on the outer wall of the base pipe; the lower sealing cylinder sleeve of the lower sealing device is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe, the lower sealing piston is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve, the second centering device adopts a four-bar adjusting centralizer, and the four-bar adjusting centralizer is pushed to deform and adjust when the water-swelling rubber block or the oil-swelling rubber expands, so that the centered centering of the sleeve is realized; the beneficial effects are that: the mechanical four-bar linkage adjusting centralizer is adopted to realize large-amplitude deformation adjustment, and the centering centralizing effect when a casing, a packer and the like are put into a shaft is better realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation equipment, in particular to a casing centralizer for well cementation construction and a method.
Background
At present, in the oil exploitation process, well cementation construction is one of important processes in the oil and gas exploitation process, specifically, after drilling is completed, well cementation and casing running are needed, and a packer needs to be run to seal and separate a plurality of oil layers respectively, wherein centralization and centering of the casing are the key for the packer to run, are effective guarantee of sealing among the oil layers respectively, are the most important factors for finally guaranteeing the well cementation quality and the later development effect, and otherwise, subsequent oil and gas exploitation and the service life of an oil well can be seriously influenced.
Chinese patent publication No. CN211115835U, entitled "an elastic skeleton centralizer for casing outer wall anticorrosion", includes a centralizer body, and an upper righting limit ring and a lower righting limit ring disposed at two ends of the centralizer body, the centralizer body includes an elastic skeleton and a sacrificial anode righting rib, the sacrificial anode righting rib is provided with a plurality of ribs, the plurality of sacrificial anode righting ribs are disposed in the cavity inside the elastic skeleton, and are connected with the righting bars of the elastic skeleton through conductive fastening screws in a one-to-one correspondence manner. The utility model discloses a centering degree of income well casing cluster in the well cementation construction can be guaranteed to the elasticity skeleton, increases the local turbulent flow of well cementation in-process cement paste in centralizer department to improve the well cementation quality, but its problem that exists is: the elastic framework has larger abrasion to the well wall of the well cementation, and the well wall and the centralizer are in a hard grinding mode.
The Chinese patent document with the publication number of CN205422568U has a patent name of a sleeve roller centralizer, and the roller centralizer is provided with a centralizer main body, a plurality of pairs of rollers are fixed on the outer side and the inner side of the centralizer main body, and each pair of rollers is arranged on the centralizer main body through a shaft. The roller on the inner side protrudes out of the inner wall of the centralizer through a hole on the centralizer main body and is parallel to the axis of the centralizer; the rollers on the outer side protrude out of the outer end face of the centralizer main body, and the roller shafts are perpendicular to the axis of the centralizer. The roller type centralizer for the casing enables the casing to be in sliding fit with a well wall when being put down, and can effectively reduce the frictional resistance when the casing is put down. In addition, the inner side roller is in rolling fit with the casing, and when the borehole diameter is irregular, the horizontal component force of the borehole wall on the centralizer in the casing running process can be buffered, so that the impact caused by the resistance can be relieved, the protective casing is not abraded, and the casing in the construction process can be smoothly run in. The well cementation quality of petroleum and natural gas is improved. It has the problems that: although the roller is adopted for righting, the rolling fit is realized, and the righting mode of hard grinding is eliminated, the roller adopted in the patent is of a fixed structure and cannot be expanded or contracted, so that the roller fails under the conditions of encountering inclined wells or horizontal wells and the like, and still can be in a hard friction righting mode or has no righting function.
With the further development of the technology, the chinese patent document publication No. CN206917614U, entitled "a full-size automatic adjusting roller non-rotating centralizer", includes: the centralizer axle male end, right cover, centralizer axle female end, gyro wheel seat, reducing subassembly and gyro wheel. This patent accessible reducing subassembly changes external diameter size to reduce the size before getting into the sleeve pipe, smoothly pass through well head narrowest department, increase size behind the entering sleeve pipe supports in the intraductal wall of sleeve. It has the problems that: the diameter change is realized through the spring, the amplitude is limited, the small-amplitude diameter change can be realized, and the requirements can not be met under the conditions of meeting inclined wells or horizontal wells and the like.
In recent years, researches show that cementing of a cementing interface is weak, micro-channels can be formed among packers in the running process, and further, in long-term use, the packer between layers can be caused to fail, so that channeling among different layers and external leakage are caused, and the production efficiency and safety of an oil-gas well are influenced. Therefore, the existing problems can be solved by finding a running method capable of smoothly centering the packer and a more effective packer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a casing centralizer and a casing centralizer method for well cementation construction, aiming at the defects in the prior art, the roller with the four-bar structure is driven by rubber which expands when meeting water and oil, so that the roller is unfolded underground to realize the function of centralizing the casing, and packer devices are respectively arranged on two sides of the centralizing device to realize the respective packing of multiple oil layers.
The invention provides a casing centralizer for well cementation construction, which adopts the technical scheme that: the device comprises a connecting coupling, a base pipe and a first centering device, wherein the first centering device is arranged on the lower side of the base pipe, the coupling is installed and connected at the upper end of the base pipe, the device also comprises an upper sealing device, a lower sealing device and a second centering device, the second centering device is arranged in the middle of the base pipe, the upper sealing device and the lower sealing device are respectively arranged on two sides of the second centering device, the upper sealing device comprises an upper sealing cylinder sleeve, an upper sealing piston and an upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder, the upper sealing cylinder sleeve is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe, the upper sealing piston is arranged in the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve, and the lower end of the upper sealing piston is matched with the upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder arranged on the outer wall of the base pipe; the lower sealing device comprises a lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder, a lower sealing piston and a lower sealing cylinder sleeve, the lower sealing cylinder sleeve is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe, the lower sealing piston is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve, and the lower sealing piston is matched with the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder arranged on the outer wall of the base pipe;
the second centralizer adopts the four-bar linkage to adjust the centralizer, is equipped with water-swelling rubber piece and last righting lock in the upper end that the centralizer was adjusted to the four-bar linkage, water-swelling rubber piece expands when meeting water down in the pit shaft, adjusts the lower extreme of centralizer and is equipped with down righting lock and meets oil swelling rubber at the four-bar linkage, meets oil swelling rubber and meets oil swelling when going down in the pit shaft, can promote the four-bar linkage to adjust the centralizer deformation and adjust when meeting water-swelling rubber piece or meeting oil swelling rubber inflation, realizes that the sleeve pipe is right in the middle.
Preferably, the four-connecting-rod adjusting centralizer comprises a first centralizer reducing base, a first base connecting pin, a first crank connecting rod, a first transition connecting pin, a roller carrier connecting rod, transition rollers, a second crank connecting rod, a second base connecting pin, a second transition connecting pin and a second centralizer reducing base, wherein the upper end of the first centralizer reducing base is contacted with an upper centralizing lock, the outer side of the first centralizer reducing base is connected with the first crank connecting rod through the first base connecting pin, the other end of the first crank connecting rod is connected with the roller carrier connecting rod through the first transition connecting pin, two groups of transition rollers are mounted on the roller carrier connecting rod, the other end of the roller carrier connecting rod is connected with the second crank connecting rod through the second transition connecting pin, and the other end of the second crank connecting rod is connected with the second centralizer reducing base through the second base connecting pin; the four-connecting-rod adjusting centralizer is composed of the first crank connecting rod, the roller carrier connecting rod, the second crank connecting rod and the base pipe.
Preferably, a first auxiliary roller is installed outside the first transition connecting pin, a second auxiliary roller is installed outside the second transition connecting pin, and the outer diameters of the first auxiliary roller and the second auxiliary roller are equal and smaller than the outer diameter of the transition roller.
Preferably, an upper support seat is arranged between the lower end of the upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder and the upper end of the water-swellable rubber block, and the upper support seat is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe through an upper snap ring; and a lower supporting seat is arranged between the lower end of the rubber which expands when meeting oil and the upper end of the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder, and the lower supporting seat is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe through a lower clamping ring.
Preferably, the upper sealing device further comprises an upper spring sleeve, an upper hydraulic locking spring, an upper seat sealing shear pin and an upper liquid inlet hole, the upper end of the upper sealing piston is inserted into the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve, the base pipe is provided with the upper liquid inlet hole communicated with the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve, and the lower end of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve is connected with the upper spring sleeve; an upper hydraulic lock spring arranged on the lower side of the upper sealing piston is connected and matched with the upper spring sleeve, and an upper seat sealing shear pin is arranged between the upper spring sleeve and the upper sealing piston.
Preferably, the lower sealing device further comprises a lower seat sealing shear pin, a lower hydraulic lock spring, a lower lock spring sleeve and a lower liquid inlet hole, the lower end of the lower sealing piston is inserted into the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve, the base pipe is provided with the lower liquid inlet hole communicated with the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve, and the upper end of the lower sealing piston is connected with the lower lock spring sleeve; and a lower hydraulic lock spring arranged on the upper side of the lower sealing piston is connected and matched with a lower lock spring sleeve, and a lower seat sealing shear pin is arranged between the lower lock spring sleeve and the lower sealing piston.
Preferably, foretell first righting device is including righting the body, the cap is pressed in the friction, the piece is right in the friction, compression spring, the middle part outside of righting the body is equipped with convex friction and presses the cap, installs multiunit friction in the friction presses the cap and rights the piece, and the inboard of every group friction is right the piece and is equipped with compression spring.
The invention provides a using method of a casing centralizer for well cementation construction, which adopts the technical scheme that the using method comprises the following steps:
in well cementation construction, a casing centralizer for well cementation construction is put into a well bore formed by well drilling through a connecting coupling connecting casing to seal an oil layer, and at the beginning stage, a first centralizing device is used as a guide head, and a friction centralizing block in the first centralizing device can extrude a compression spring according to the actual condition of the well wall, so that small-amplitude adjustment centralizing is realized;
in the normal process of descending into the shaft, because oil-water mixed liquid exists in the shaft, the water-swelling rubber block at the upper part can swell when encountering water, and because the upper snap ring is fixed with the base pipe, the water-swelling rubber block can push the reducing base of the first centralizer to move downwards and is locked and fixed in a single direction through the upper centralizer lock; the lower part of the rubber expanding when meeting oil expands when meeting oil, and the lower snap ring is fixed with the base pipe, so the rubber expanding when meeting oil pushes the variable diameter base of the second centralizer to move upwards and is locked and fixed in a single direction by the lower centralizing lock; the first centralizer reducing base moves downwards to push the upper ends of the first crank connecting rod and the roller carrier connecting rod to be linked outwards, the second centralizer reducing base moves upwards to push the lower ends of the second crank connecting rod and the roller carrier connecting rod to be linked outwards, and finally the first auxiliary roller, the transition roller and the second auxiliary roller are unfolded outwards to be matched with the inner wall of the shaft in a rolling mode to achieve a function of adjusting and centralizing the shaft greatly;
when the high-pressure liquid is driven into the ground towards the sleeve when the high-pressure liquid is driven into the designed position of the shaft, the high-pressure liquid enters the base pipe along the sleeve, the upper side of the high-pressure liquid enters the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve through the upper liquid inlet hole, the high-pressure liquid pushes the upper sealing piston to move downwards and cuts off the upper seat sealing shear pin, an upper hydraulic locking spring fixed by the upper sealing piston is matched with a rack in the upper locking spring sleeve, the lower end of the upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder is contacted with the upper supporting seat, and the high-pressure liquid enables the upper sealing piston to push the upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder to expand and contact with the inner wall of the shaft to form a seal; in addition, high-pressure liquid enters the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve through a lower liquid inlet hole on the lower side of the base pipe, the high-pressure liquid pushes the lower sealing piston to move upwards and cut off a lower sealing shear pin, a lower hydraulic locking spring fixed by the lower sealing piston is matched with a rack in the lower locking spring sleeve, the upper end of the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder is contacted with the lower supporting seat, and the high-pressure liquid enables the lower sealing piston to push the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder to expand and contact with the inner wall of the shaft to form packing, so that the packing effect on an oil layer is formed.
Preferably, the use method of the first centering device of the invention comprises:
the upper end of the body of righting is connected to the lower end of the base pipe through the upper joint, the lower end of the body of righting is the lower joint, the guiding effect can be achieved, a plurality of groups of friction righting blocks are installed in the friction pressing cap at the middle of the body of righting, righting is achieved through the friction righting blocks when a shaft is just put in, and the righting can be achieved due to the fact that the compression springs are arranged on the inner sides of the friction righting blocks, and small-amplitude adjustment righting can be achieved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the second centering device is added on the basis of small-amplitude adjustment centering of the first centering device, namely, a mechanical four-link rod adjusting centralizer is adopted to realize large-amplitude deformation adjustment, so that the centering and centering effects of a casing, a packer and the like when the casing, the packer and the like are put into a shaft are better realized, and meanwhile, the self water-swelling rubber and oil-swelling rubber can be better protected, so that the device which is put into the shaft during the whole well cementation construction is better protected, and the safe putting into the shaft is realized;
in addition, the mixed oil in the shaft is layered due to different densities, namely the oil is positioned at the lower layer, the water is positioned at the upper layer, and in order to better play the centering and righting effect, the water-swelling rubber is arranged at the upper side of the device, and the oil-swelling rubber is arranged at the lower side of the device, so that the four-connecting-rod adjusting centralizer can be better driven to be unfolded, the deformation adjusting effect is achieved, and the righting in the well descending process is better realized;
after the high-pressure hydraulic packer enters the designed position of the shaft, high-pressure liquid is injected into the well mouth, so that the upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder and the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder expand and contact with the inner wall of the shaft to form packing, and the packing effect on an oil layer is formed; at the moment, because the water-swelling rubber and the oil-swelling rubber exist between the upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder and the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder, the water-swelling rubber and the oil-swelling rubber can act on the shaft together, and the sealing and sealing effects can be better realized;
fourthly, in addition, the outer diameters of the first auxiliary roller and the second auxiliary roller are equal and smaller than the outer diameter of the transition roller, so that the transition roller can be ensured to be always in rolling fit with the inner wall of the shaft on one hand; on the other hand, can make first crank connecting rod keep the angle of an outside slope, as the start angle, and then under the promotion of meeting water inflation rubber, can realize that gyro wheel carrier connecting rod moves to the outside, and then realizes by a wide margin the regulation function of rightting placed in the middle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the upper half of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the lower half of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the four-bar linkage adjustable centralizer of the present invention as it is deployed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the locking principle of the upper righting lock;
in the upper diagram: connecting coupling 1, base pipe 2, upper sealing cylinder sleeve 3, upper sealing piston 4, upper spring sleeve 5, upper hydraulic locking spring 6, upper sealing shear pin 7, upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder 8, upper support seat 9, upper snap ring 10, water-swelling rubber block 11, upper centering lock 12, first centralizer reducing base 13, first base connecting pin 14, first crank connecting rod 15, first transition connecting pin 16, roller carrier connecting rod 17, transition roller 18, oil-swelling rubber 19, lower snap ring 20, lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder 21, lower sealing piston 22, lower sealing shear pin 23, lower hydraulic locking spring 24, lower spring sleeve 25, lower sealing cylinder sleeve 26, centering body 27, friction pressure cap 28, friction centering block 29, compression spring 30, lower centering lock 31, second crank connecting rod 32, second base connecting pin 33, second transition connecting pin 34, second centralizer base 35, first auxiliary roller 36, A second auxiliary roller 37, a lower support seat 38, an upper liquid inlet hole 2.1 and a lower liquid inlet hole 2.2.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Embodiment 1, refer to fig. 1-3, the casing centralizer for well cementation construction, according to the present invention, includes a connection coupling 1, a base pipe 2, a first centralizing device installed on the lower side of the base pipe 2, and a connection coupling 1 installed on the upper end of the base pipe 2, wherein the centralizer further includes an upper sealing device, a lower sealing device, and a second centralizing device, the second centralizing device is installed in the middle of the base pipe 2, the upper sealing device and the lower sealing device are installed on the two sides of the second centralizing device, the upper sealing device includes an upper sealing cylinder sleeve 3, an upper sealing piston 4, and an upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder 8, the upper sealing cylinder sleeve 3 is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe 2, the upper sealing piston 4 is installed in the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve 3, and the lower end of the upper sealing piston 4 is matched with the upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder 8 installed on the outer wall of the base pipe 2; the lower sealing device comprises a lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder 21, a lower sealing piston 22 and a lower sealing cylinder sleeve 26, the lower sealing cylinder sleeve 26 is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe 2, the lower sealing piston 22 is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve 26, and the lower sealing piston 22 is matched with the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder 21 arranged on the outer wall of the base pipe 2;
the second centralizer adopts the four-bar linkage to adjust the centralizer, is equipped with and meets water inflation rubber block 11 and right lock 12 on four-bar linkage adjusts the upper end of centralizer, meet water inflation rubber block 11 and swell when meeting water down in the pit shaft, be equipped with down righting lock 31 and meet oil inflation rubber 19 at four-bar linkage adjusts the lower extreme of centralizer, meet oil inflation rubber 19 and descend in the pit shaft, meet water inflation rubber block 11 or can promote four-bar linkage when meeting oil inflation rubber 19 and swell and adjust the centralizer deformation, realize the centering of sleeve pipe. Referring to fig. 4, the locking part of the upper centering lock 12 is composed of two sets of racks with helical teeth, the helical teeth can adopt a right-angled triangle structure or a trapezoidal structure, the right rack is connected with the first centering device reducing base 13, and the left rack is connected with the water-swelling rubber block 11, so that the left rack is driven to move downwards along with the swelling of the water-swelling rubber block 11, and therefore the locking part can be prevented from backing up under the action of the helical teeth, and the locking function is realized; for the same reason, the lower righting lock 31 also adopts the same principle and structure;
wherein, the four-connecting-rod adjusting centralizer of the invention comprises a first centralizer reducing base 13, a first base connecting pin 14, a first crank connecting rod 15, a first transition connecting pin 16, a roller carrier connecting rod 17, a transition roller 18, a second crank connecting rod 32, a second base connecting pin 33, a second transition connecting pin 34 and a second centralizer reducing base 35, the upper end of the first centralizer reducing base 13 is contacted with the upper centralizer lock 12, the outer side of the first centralizer reducing base 13 is connected with a first crank connecting rod 15 through a first base connecting pin 14, the other end of the first crank connecting rod 15 is connected with a roller carrier connecting rod 17 through a first transition connecting pin 16, two groups of transition rollers 18 are arranged on the roller carrier connecting rod 17, the other end of the roller carrier connecting rod 17 is connected with a second crank connecting rod 32 through a second transition connecting pin 34, and the other end of the second crank connecting rod 32 is connected with a second centralizer reducing base 35 through a second base connecting pin 33; the four-connecting-rod adjusting centralizer is composed of the first crank connecting rod 15, the roller carrier connecting rod 17, the second crank connecting rod 32 and the base pipe 2.
A first auxiliary roller 36 is installed outside the first transition connecting pin 16, a second auxiliary roller 37 is installed outside the second transition connecting pin 34, and the outer diameters of the first auxiliary roller 36 and the second auxiliary roller 37 are equal and smaller than the outer diameter of the transition roller 18.
In addition, when the device is just put into a shaft, a gap is reserved between the first centralizer reducing base 13 and the water-swelling rubber block 11, and after the device is in contact with water, the water-swelling rubber block 11 starts swelling, so that the gap reserved in the horizontal direction can reduce the swelling of the water-swelling rubber block 11 towards the outside in the horizontal direction, and the longitudinal direction can push the first centralizer reducing base 13 to move downwards along with the swelling; the principle of the expansion of the rubber 19 side with oil is the same.
In addition, an upper supporting seat 9 is arranged between the lower end of the upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder 8 and the upper end of the water-swelling rubber block 11, and the upper supporting seat 9 is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe 2 through an upper clamping ring 10; a lower support seat 38 is arranged between the lower end of the rubber 19 which expands when meeting oil and the upper end of the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder 21, and the lower support seat 38 is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe 2 through a lower snap ring 20.
The upper sealing device also comprises an upper spring sleeve 5, an upper hydraulic locking spring 6, an upper seat sealing shear pin 7 and an upper liquid inlet hole 2.1, wherein the upper end of the upper sealing piston 4 is inserted into the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve 3, the base pipe 2 is provided with the upper liquid inlet hole 2.1 communicated with the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve 3, and the lower end of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve 3 is connected with the upper spring sleeve 5; an upper hydraulic lock spring 6 arranged on the lower side of the upper sealing piston 4 is connected and matched with the upper spring sleeve 5, and an upper seat sealing shear pin 7 is arranged between the upper spring sleeve 5 and the upper sealing piston 4.
The lower sealing device further comprises a lower seat sealing shear pin 23, a lower hydraulic lock spring 24, a lower lock spring sleeve 25 and a lower liquid inlet hole 2.2, the lower end of the lower sealing piston 22 is inserted into the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve 26, the base pipe 2 is provided with the lower liquid inlet hole 2.2 communicated with the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve 26, and the upper end of the lower sealing piston 22 is connected with the lower lock spring sleeve 25; a lower hydraulic lock spring 24 arranged on the upper side of the lower sealing piston 22 is connected and matched with a lower lock spring sleeve 25, and a lower seat sealing shear pin 23 is arranged between the lower lock spring sleeve 25 and the lower sealing piston 22.
It should be noted that: referring to fig. 4, the lower hydraulic lock spring 24 and the lower lock spring sleeve 25 are connected and matched to adopt a structure which also comprises two groups of racks with helical teeth, the helical teeth can adopt a right-angled triangle structure or a trapezoidal structure, the right rack is connected with the lower hydraulic lock spring 24, and the left rack is connected with the lower lock spring sleeve 25, so that the right rack is driven to move upwards along with the expansion of the lower hydraulic lock spring 24, and therefore, the backward movement is prevented under the action of the left rack, and the locking function is realized; for the same reason, the upper spring sleeve 5 and the upper hydraulic spring 6 adopt the same principle and structure.
Furthermore, the first centering device comprises a centering body 27, a friction pressing cap 28, friction centering blocks 29 and compression springs 30, wherein the protruding friction pressing cap 28 is arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the centering body 27, a plurality of groups of friction centering blocks 29 are arranged in the friction pressing cap 28, and the compression springs 30 are arranged on the inner sides of the friction centering blocks 29.
The invention provides a using method of a casing centralizer for well cementation construction, which adopts the technical scheme that the using method comprises the following steps:
in the well cementation construction, a casing centralizer for the well cementation construction is connected with a casing through a connecting coupling 1 and is put into a well barrel formed by well drilling to seal an oil layer, a first centralizing device is used as a guide head at the beginning stage, a friction centralizing block 29 in the first centralizing device extrudes a compression spring 30 according to the actual condition of a well wall, and small-amplitude adjustment centralizing is realized;
in the normal process of descending into the shaft, because oil-water mixed liquid exists in the shaft, the water-swelling rubber block 11 on the upper part can swell when encountering water, and because the upper snap ring 10 is fixed with the base pipe 2, the water-swelling rubber block 11 can push the first centralizer reducing base 13 to move downwards and is unidirectionally locked and fixed through the upper centralizer lock 12; the lower oil-swelling rubber 19 will swell when meeting oil, and because the lower snap ring 20 is fixed with the base pipe 2, the oil-swelling rubber 19 will push the second centralizer variable diameter base 35 to move upwards and be unidirectionally locked and fixed by the lower centralizing lock 31; the first centralizer reducing base 13 moves downwards to push the upper ends of the first crank connecting rod 15 and the roller carrier connecting rod 17 to be linked outwards, the second centralizer reducing base 35 moves upwards to push the lower ends of the second crank connecting rod 32 and the roller carrier connecting rod 17 to be linked outwards, and finally the first auxiliary roller 36, the transition roller 18 and the second auxiliary roller 37 are unfolded outwards to be in rolling fit with the inner wall of the shaft to achieve the function of adjusting and centralizing the shaft greatly, and the reference is made to fig. 3;
when the high-pressure liquid is driven into the sleeve from the ground when the high-pressure liquid is driven into the design position of the shaft, the high-pressure liquid enters the base pipe 2 along the sleeve, the upper side of the high-pressure liquid enters the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve 3 through the upper liquid inlet hole 2.1, the high-pressure liquid pushes the upper sealing piston 4 to move downwards and cut off the upper sealing shear pin 7, an upper hydraulic locking spring 6 fixed by the upper sealing piston 4 is matched with a rack in the upper sealing spring sleeve 5, the lower end of the upper hydraulic sealing rubber sleeve 8 is contacted with the upper supporting seat 9, and the high-pressure liquid enables the upper sealing piston 4 to push the upper hydraulic sealing rubber sleeve 8 to expand and contact with the inner wall of the shaft to form a seal; in addition, high-pressure liquid enters the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve 26 through a lower liquid inlet hole 2.2 on the lower side of the base pipe 2, the high-pressure liquid pushes the lower sealing piston 22 to move upwards and cut off the lower sealing shear pin 23, a lower hydraulic locking spring 24 fixed on the lower sealing piston 22 is matched with a rack in a lower locking spring sleeve 25, the upper end of the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder 21 is in contact with a lower supporting seat 38, and the high-pressure liquid enables the lower sealing piston 22 to push the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder 21 to expand and to be in contact with the inner wall of the shaft to form sealing and separation, so that the oil layer is sealed and separated.
Preferably, the use method of the first centering device of the invention comprises:
the upper end of the centralizing body 27 is connected to the lower end of the base pipe 2 through the upper joint, the lower end of the centralizing body 27 is a lower joint, a guiding effect can be realized, a plurality of groups of friction centralizing blocks 29 are installed in the friction pressing cap 28 in the middle of the centralizing body 27, and when a well casing is just put in, the centralizing is realized through the friction centralizing blocks 29, and the small-amplitude adjustment centralizing can also be realized due to the fact that the compression springs 30 are arranged on the inner sides of the friction centralizing blocks 29.
The above description is only a few of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may modify the above-described embodiments or modify them into equivalent ones. Therefore, the technical solution according to the present invention is subject to corresponding simple modifications or equivalent changes, as far as the scope of the present invention is claimed.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a well cementation is casing centralizer for construction, is including connecting coupling (1), parent tube (2), first righting device, and first righting device is installed to the downside of parent tube (2), and coupling (1), characterized by are connected in the upper end erection joint of parent tube (2): the device is characterized by further comprising an upper sealing device, a lower sealing device and a second centering device, wherein the second centering device is arranged in the middle of the base pipe (2), the upper sealing device and the lower sealing device are respectively arranged on two sides of the second centering device, the upper sealing device comprises an upper sealing cylinder sleeve (3), an upper sealing piston (4) and an upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder (8), the upper sealing cylinder sleeve (3) is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe (2), the upper sealing piston (4) is arranged in the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve (3), and the lower end of the upper sealing piston (4) is matched with the upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder (8) arranged on the outer wall of the base pipe (2); the lower sealing device comprises a lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder (21), a lower sealing piston (22) and a lower sealing cylinder sleeve (26), the lower sealing cylinder sleeve (26) is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe (2), the lower sealing piston (22) is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve (26), and the lower sealing piston (22) is matched with the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder (21) arranged on the outer wall of the base pipe (2);
the centralizer is adjusted to four-bar linkage to second righting device adoption, the upper end of adjusting the centralizer at four-bar linkage is equipped with meets water inflation rubber block (11) and goes up right lock (12), meet water inflation rubber block (11) and expand when meeting water down in the pit shaft, adjust the lower extreme of centralizer at four-bar linkage and be equipped with down right lock (31) and meet oil inflation rubber (19), meet oil inflation rubber (19) and meet oil inflation rubber (19) down in the pit shaft, meet water inflation rubber block (11) or can promote four-bar linkage regulation centralizer deformation adjustment when meeting oil inflation rubber (19) inflation, realize the centering of sleeve pipe.
2. The casing centralizer for well cementation construction according to claim 1, wherein: the four-connecting-rod adjusting centralizer comprises a first centralizer reducing base (13), a first base connecting pin (14), a first crank connecting rod (15), a first transition connecting pin (16), a roller carrier connecting rod (17), transition rollers (18), a second crank connecting rod (32), a second base connecting pin (33), a second transition connecting pin (34) and a second centralizer reducing base (35), wherein the upper end of the first centralizer reducing base (13) is in contact with an upper centralizer lock (12), the outer side of the first centralizer reducing base (13) is connected with the first crank connecting rod (15) through the first base connecting pin (14), the other end of the first crank connecting rod (15) is connected with the roller carrier connecting rod (17) through the first transition connecting pin (16), two groups of transition rollers (18) are installed on the roller carrier connecting rod (17), and the other end of the roller carrier connecting rod (17) is connected with the second crank connecting rod (32) through the second transition connecting pin (34), the other end of the second crank connecting rod (32) is connected with a second centralizer reducing base (35) through a second base connecting pin (33); the four-connecting-rod adjusting centralizer is composed of the first crank connecting rod (15), the roller carrier connecting rod (17), the second crank connecting rod (32) and the base pipe (2).
3. The casing centralizer for well cementation construction according to claim 2, wherein: and a first auxiliary roller (36) is arranged outside the first transition connecting pin (16), a second auxiliary roller (37) is arranged outside the second transition connecting pin (34), and the outer diameters of the first auxiliary roller (36) and the second auxiliary roller (37) are equal and smaller than the outer diameter of the transition roller (18).
4. The casing centralizer for well cementation construction according to claim 3, wherein: an upper supporting seat (9) is arranged between the lower end of the upper hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder (8) and the upper end of the water-swelling rubber block (11), and the upper supporting seat (9) is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe (2) through an upper clamping ring (10); a lower supporting seat (38) is arranged between the lower end of the rubber (19) which expands when meeting oil and the upper end of the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder (21), and the lower supporting seat (38) is fixed on the outer wall of the base pipe (2) through a lower clamping ring (20).
5. The casing centralizer for well cementation construction according to claim 4, wherein: the upper sealing device further comprises an upper spring sleeve (5), an upper hydraulic locking spring (6), an upper seat sealing shear pin (7) and an upper liquid inlet hole (2.1), the upper end of the upper sealing piston (4) is inserted into the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve (3), the base pipe (2) is provided with the upper liquid inlet hole (2.1) communicated with the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve (3), and the lower end of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve (3) is connected with the upper spring sleeve (5); an upper hydraulic lock spring (6) arranged on the lower side of the upper sealing piston (4) is connected and matched with the upper lock spring sleeve (5), and an upper seat sealing shear pin (7) is arranged between the upper lock spring sleeve (5) and the upper sealing piston (4).
6. The casing centralizer for well cementation construction according to claim 4, wherein: the lower sealing device also comprises a lower seat sealing shear pin (23), a lower hydraulic lock spring (24), a lower lock spring sleeve (25) and a lower liquid inlet hole (2.2), the lower end of the lower sealing piston (22) is inserted into the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve (26), the base pipe (2) is provided with the lower liquid inlet hole (2.2) communicated with the inner cavity of the lower sealing cylinder sleeve (26), and the upper end of the lower sealing piston (22) is connected with the lower lock spring sleeve (25); and a lower hydraulic lock spring (24) arranged on the upper side of the lower sealing piston (22) is connected and matched with a lower lock spring sleeve (25), and a lower seat sealing shear pin (23) is arranged between the lower lock spring sleeve (25) and the lower sealing piston (22).
7. The casing centralizer for well cementation construction according to claim 1, wherein: the first centering device comprises a centering body (27), a friction pressing cap (28), friction centering blocks (29) and compression springs (30), wherein the protruding friction pressing cap (28) is arranged on the outer side of the middle of the centering body (27), a plurality of groups of friction centering blocks (29) are arranged in the friction pressing cap (28), and the compression springs (30) are arranged on the inner side of each group of friction centering blocks (29).
8. The use method of the casing centralizer for well cementation construction according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
in well cementation construction, a casing centralizer for well cementation construction is connected with a casing through a connecting coupling (1) and is put into a well casing which is completed in a well drilling to seal an oil layer, a first centralizing device is used as a guide head in the beginning stage, and a friction centralizing block (29) in the first centralizing device extrudes a compression spring (30) according to the actual condition of a well wall, so that small-amplitude adjustment centralizing is realized;
in the normal process of descending into the shaft, because oil-water mixed liquid exists in the shaft, the water-swelling rubber block (11) at the upper part can swell when meeting water, and because the upper snap ring (10) is fixed with the base pipe (2), the water-swelling rubber block (11) can push the first centralizer reducing base (13) to move downwards and is unidirectionally locked and fixed through the upper centralizer lock (12); the lower oil-swelling rubber (19) can swell when meeting oil, and the lower snap ring (20) is fixed with the base pipe (2), so that the oil-swelling rubber (19) can push the second centralizer variable-diameter base (35) to move upwards and be unidirectionally locked and fixed by the lower centralizing lock (31); the first centralizer reducing base (13) moves downwards to push the upper ends of the first crank connecting rod (15) and the roller carrier connecting rod (17) to be linked outwards, the second centralizer reducing base (35) moves upwards to push the lower ends of the second crank connecting rod (32) and the roller carrier connecting rod (17) to be linked outwards, and finally the first auxiliary roller (36), the transition roller (18) and the second auxiliary roller (37) are unfolded outwards to be in rolling fit with the inner wall of a shaft to realize the function of adjusting and centralizing the shaft greatly;
when the high-pressure sealing rubber sleeve is lowered to the designed position of the shaft, high-pressure liquid is driven into the ground towards the sleeve, the high-pressure liquid enters the base pipe (2) along the sleeve, the upper side of the high-pressure liquid enters the inner cavity of the upper sealing cylinder sleeve (3) through the upper liquid inlet hole (2.1), the high-pressure liquid pushes the upper sealing piston (4) to move downwards and cut off the upper seat sealing shear nail (7), an upper hydraulic locking spring (6) fixed by the upper sealing piston (4) is matched with a rack in the upper locking spring sleeve (5), the lower end of the upper hydraulic sealing rubber sleeve (8) is contacted with the upper supporting seat (9), and the upper sealing piston (4) pushes the upper hydraulic sealing rubber sleeve (8) to expand to be contacted with the inner wall of the shaft to form a seal; in addition, high-pressure liquid enters an inner cavity of a lower sealing cylinder sleeve (26) through a lower liquid inlet hole (2.2) on the lower side of the base pipe (2), the high-pressure liquid pushes a lower sealing piston (22) to move upwards and cut a lower base sealing shear pin (23), a lower hydraulic lock spring (24) fixed by the lower sealing piston (22) is matched with a rack in a lower lock spring sleeve (25), the upper end of a lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder (21) is in contact with a lower base (38), and the high-pressure liquid enables the lower sealing piston (22) to push the lower hydraulic sealing rubber cylinder (21) to expand and contact with the inner wall of a shaft to form a packing effect on an oil layer.
9. The use method of the casing centralizer for well cementation construction according to claim 8, wherein: the use method of the first righting device comprises the following steps:
the upper end of righting body (27) is connected to the lower extreme of parent tube (2) through the top connection, and the lower extreme of righting body (27) is the lower clutch, can realize the guide effect, and the friction in the middle part of righting body (27) is pressed and is installed multiunit friction and right piece (29) in cap (28), when just going into the pit shaft, realizes righting through friction and right piece (29), because the inboard of friction right piece (29) is equipped with compression spring (30), also can realize the adjustment of small-range and right.
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| CN202210046865.6A CN114086898B (en) | 2022-01-17 | 2022-01-17 | Casing centralizer for well cementation construction and method |
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| CN115898327A (en) * | 2023-03-01 | 2023-04-04 | 山东健源石油工程技术有限公司 | Rotary self-guiding type float shoe for horizontal well |
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