CN114086550A - Anti-floating anchor rod based on extension structure in soft soil - Google Patents

Anti-floating anchor rod based on extension structure in soft soil Download PDF

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CN114086550A
CN114086550A CN202111291114.2A CN202111291114A CN114086550A CN 114086550 A CN114086550 A CN 114086550A CN 202111291114 A CN202111291114 A CN 202111291114A CN 114086550 A CN114086550 A CN 114086550A
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soft soil
inner pipe
scraper
anchor rod
extension
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金炜枫
付周敏
解军吉
陶颖
曹宇春
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Zhejiang Lover Health Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
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Zhejiang Lover Health Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
    • E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/10—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure
    • E02D31/12—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure against upward hydraulic pressure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种软土中基于伸展结构的抗浮锚杆，包括外管、内管、伸展装置、刮刀、吸泥装置和驱动旋转装置；外管套设在内管外，且内管下端所处高度低于外管下端所处高度，内管下端侧部通过伸展装置与刮刀连接，驱动旋转装置和内管连接以驱动内管旋转；吸泥装置包括依次连接的第一压力泵、输送管和吸泥口，吸泥口设置在内管和刮刀之间；当锚杆打入软土的指定深度时，伸展装置伸展推动刮刀压向侧面软土，驱动旋转装置驱动内管往复转动，吸泥装置的第一压力泵工作且由吸泥口吸走刮入刮刀和内管之间的软土。本发明的有益效果是增强软土中地下结构抗浮锚杆的抗浮性能。

Figure 202111291114

The invention discloses an anti-floating anchor rod based on a stretching structure in soft soil, comprising an outer pipe, an inner pipe, a stretching device, a scraper, a mud suction device and a driving rotation device; the outer pipe is sleeved outside the inner pipe, and the inner pipe The height of the lower end is lower than the height of the lower end of the outer pipe, the side of the lower end of the inner pipe is connected with the scraper through the stretching device, and the driving rotating device is connected with the inner pipe to drive the rotation of the inner pipe; The conveying pipe and the suction port, and the suction port is set between the inner pipe and the scraper; when the anchor rod is driven into the specified depth of the soft soil, the stretching device stretches and pushes the scraper to press the soft soil on the side, and the rotating device drives the inner pipe to reciprocate. , the first pressure pump of the mud suction device works and sucks away the soft soil scraped between the scraper and the inner pipe from the mud suction port. The beneficial effect of the invention is to enhance the anti-floating performance of the anti-floating anchor rod of the underground structure in soft soil.

Figure 202111291114

Description

Anti-floating anchor rod based on extension structure in soft soil
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geotechnical engineering research, and particularly relates to an anti-floating anchor rod based on a stretching structure in soft soil.
Background
An anti-floating anchor rod is one of anti-floating measures for underground structure of building engineering. The anti-floating anchor rod refers to a structural member arranged for resisting upward displacement of a building on the anti-floating anchor rod, is related to the height and change of underground water level, and is opposite to the stress direction of the compression-resistant pile.
When the basement bears the underground water pressure, an anti-floating pile, an anti-floating anchor rod or pressure reduction drainage on the ground of the basement is needed, and the anti-floating anchor rod is used in soft soil, so that the problem that the bonding between an anchor rod grouting body and a soft soil interface is weak exists, and the anti-floating performance of the anchor rod in the soft soil needs to be enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide an anti-floating anchor rod based on a stretching structure in soft soil, so as to solve the problem that the anti-floating anchor rod used in the existing soft soil in the background technology is weak in bonding between an anchor rod grouting body and a soft soil interface.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an anti-floating anchor rod based on a stretching structure in soft soil comprises an outer pipe, an inner pipe, a stretching device, a scraper, a mud suction device and a driving rotating device; the outer pipe is sleeved outside the inner pipe, the height of the lower end of the inner pipe is lower than that of the lower end of the outer pipe, the side part of the lower end of the inner pipe is connected with the scraper through the stretching device, and the driving rotating device is connected with the inner pipe to drive the inner pipe to rotate; the mud suction device comprises a first pressure pump, a conveying pipe and a mud suction port which are sequentially connected, and the mud suction port is arranged between the inner pipe and the scraper; when the anchor rod is driven into the specified depth of the soft soil, the stretching device stretches to push the scraper to press the soft soil on the side surface, the driving and rotating device drives the inner pipe to rotate in a reciprocating mode, and the first pressure pump of the mud suction device works and sucks away the soft soil scraped into the space between the scraper and the inner pipe through the mud suction port.
Preferably, the mud suction device further comprises a second pressure pump, a grouting pipe and a grouting port which are connected in sequence, the grouting pipe is arranged in the inner pipe, and the grouting port is arranged between the inner pipe and the scraper; when the anchor rod is driven into soft soil to a specified depth, water is injected between the inner pipe and the scraper through the grouting port by the second pressure pump, at the moment, the water and the scraped soft soil are mixed, and the soft soil scraped between the scraper and the inner pipe is sucked away by the mud sucking port; when the stretching device stretches to the appointed length, the second pressure pump is changed into the mode that the solidified grout is injected between the inner pipe and the scraper, and the solidified grout and the stretching device jointly increase the anti-floating force of the anchor rod after being solidified.
Preferably, the stretching device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a connecting mechanism and a scissor type telescopic frame; the connecting mechanism comprises two symmetrically arranged slide bars and slide blocks respectively arranged on the two slide bars, the slide blocks are sleeved on the slide bars and can slide on the slide bars, one of the slide bars is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner pipe, the slide block on the slide bar is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other slide bar is fixedly connected with the scraper; the scissor-fork type telescopic frame is arranged between the two slide bars, and the upper end point and the lower end point on any side of the scissor-fork type telescopic frame are respectively hinged with the end parts of the corresponding slide bars and the corresponding slide blocks; the pneumatic cylinder starts to promote the sliding block and removes, cuts fork expansion bracket extension this moment and promotes the scraper and press to the side weak soil.
Preferably, the extension device comprises an extension bar made of shape memory alloy and a temperature control mechanism for heating the extension bar, the temperature control mechanism is mounted on the inner pipe, the extension bar is located at a first temperature and is folded and contracted when the temperature control device is heated, the extension bar is located at a second temperature when the temperature control device is not heated, and the extension bar is extended to push the scraper to press the side soft soil.
Preferably, the extension device comprises a composite sleeve and a second oil pump, the composite sleeve is formed by compounding Q sleeves, the number of the sleeve closest to the inner pipe is 1, the number of the sleeve farthest from the inner pipe is Q, the numbers of the sleeves between the No. 1 sleeve and the No. Q sleeve are sequentially increased, the No. Q sleeve freely slides in the No. Q-1 sleeve and is provided with a displacement stroke limiting block to prevent the No. Q sleeve and the No. Q-1 sleeve from being separated (Q is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to Q), the sleeve is fixedly connected with the displacement stroke limiting block, the soft soil inlet end of the No. Q sleeve is closed, the second oil pump is connected with the No. 1 sleeve, and the No. 1 sleeve is fixedly connected with the inner pipe; when the anchor rod is driven into the specified depth of the soft soil, the second oil pump injects oil and pressurizes the No. 1 sleeve to push the sleeves to move mutually, and the composite sleeve is extended to push the scraper to press the side soft soil.
Preferably, the anchor rod further comprises an auxiliary reinforcing device, the auxiliary reinforcing device comprises a pull rope and a tightening device, the tightening device is installed on the outer pipe, and the pull rope is connected with the tightening device and the scraper through the outer side of the outer pipe; when the scraper got into the soil layer assigned position, extension device extended and promoted the scraper and press to the side weak soil, and the stay cord extension this moment, when extension device extended to assigned length, tightening means fixed stay cord length.
Preferably, the tightening device comprises a motor and a roller connected with the rotating end of the motor, and one end of the pull rope is fixedly connected with the roller and wound on the roller; when the scraper does not enter the specified position of the soft soil layer but moves relative to the inner pipe, the motor drives the roller to rotate, and the length of the pull rope in the soil layer is increased; when the scraper reaches the designated position of the soft soil layer, the motor stops running to enable the pull rope not to freely extend.
Preferably, a plurality of inclinometers are installed in the stretching device, after the stretching device stretches to a specified length, whether the stress of the stretching device exceeds the strength of the stretching device is checked by calculating the vertical acting force of the stretching device on the anchor rod, and the method for calculating the vertical acting force of the stretching device on the anchor rod comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the stretching device which stretches to the designated length as a rod piece, wherein the length of the rod piece is L, a total of m +1 inclinometers are arranged, and the rod piece with the total length of L is divided into m sections; the serial number of an inclinometer arranged at one end of the stretching device close to the inner pipe is 1, the serial number of the inclinometer of the stretching device farthest from the inner pipe is m +1, and the serial numbers of nodes between the inclinometer 1 and the inclinometer m +1 are sequentially increased;
(2) setting the nodes corresponding to the ith inclinometer and the (i + 1) th inclinometer as an ith node and an (i + 1) th node respectively, setting an ith section between the ith node and the (i + 1) th node and setting the length of the ith section as L(i)Young's modulus of E(i)Moment of inertia of I(i)The node of the ith section close to the inner tube corresponds to the serial number i1The node of the ith section far away from the inner tube corresponds to the serial number i2Setting the vertical displacement and the rotation angle corresponding to the node of the ith section close to the inner pipe as
Figure BDA0003333696790000041
And
Figure BDA0003333696790000042
the vertical displacement and the corner corresponding to the node of the ith section far away from the inner tube are respectively
Figure BDA0003333696790000043
And
Figure BDA0003333696790000044
here (1. ltoreq. i.ltoreq.m);
(3) measuring the rotation angle theta corresponding to each node based on inclinometerjJ is the current node number, and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m; calculate the vertical displacement at each node as
Figure BDA0003333696790000045
(4) From the length L of the i-th section(i)Young's modulus E(i)Moment of inertia I(i)Vertical displacement on two nodes
Figure BDA0003333696790000046
And
Figure BDA0003333696790000047
corner at two nodes
Figure BDA0003333696790000048
And
Figure BDA0003333696790000049
thereby calculating the node force of two nodes on the i-th segment
Figure BDA00033336967900000410
And
Figure BDA00033336967900000411
calculate the firstBending moment on two nodes on the i section
Figure BDA00033336967900000412
And
Figure BDA00033336967900000413
the calculation method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003333696790000051
Figure BDA0003333696790000052
(5) calculating the vertical force of the rod member on the anchor rod
Figure BDA0003333696790000053
Calculating the bending moment of the rod on the anchor rod
Figure BDA0003333696790000054
An anti-floating method of an anti-floating anchor rod based on a stretching structure in soft soil comprises the following steps:
step 1: driving the anchor rod into the soft soil to a specified depth;
step 2: when the anchor rod is driven into the soft soil to a specified depth, the stretching device stretches to push the scraper to press the soft soil on the side surface, the driving and rotating device drives the inner pipe to rotate in a reciprocating mode simultaneously, and the first pressure pump of the mud suction device works and sucks away the soft soil scraped into the space between the scraper and the inner pipe through the mud suction port.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can enhance the anti-floating performance of the anti-floating anchor rod of the underground structure in soft soil, namely, the stretching device and the scraper are taken as a composite structure to increase the anti-floating force of the anchor rod, in addition, the stretching device and the scraper are filled with solidified slurry in the space expanded in the soil, and then the solidified slurry is gradually changed into solid and is used together with the stretching device to increase the anti-floating force of the anchor rod.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of the driving bolt of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the driving bolt of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a mud suction device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an extension assembly including a first oil pump according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a stretching apparatus of the present invention including a shape memory alloy stretching strip;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the extension assembly of the present invention including a composite sleeve and a second oil pump;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an auxiliary reinforcing apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the tightening mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the inclinometer mounted extension apparatus of the present invention;
in the figure, 1, soft soil, 2, an anchor rod, 3, an outer pipe, 4, an inner pipe, 5, an extension device, 6, a scraper, 7, a mud suction device, 8, a driving rotating device, 9, a first pressure pump, 10, a conveying pipe, 11, a mud suction port, 12, a second pressure pump, 13, a grouting pipe, 14, a grouting port, 15, a scissor type telescopic frame, 16, a first oil pump, 17, a pressure cylinder, 18, a piston, 19, an extension unit, 20, a first rod, 21, a second rod, 22, a hinge point, 23, a sliding block, 24, a sliding rod, 25, an extension bar, 26, a temperature control mechanism, 27, a second oil pump, 28, a sleeve, 29, a pull rope, 30, a tightening device, 31, a motor, 32, a roller and 33, a inclinometer are shown.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, innovative features, objectives and effects of the present invention apparent, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed drawings.
An anti-floating anchor rod 2 based on an extension structure 5 in soft soil 1 as shown in fig. 1-9 specifically comprises an outer pipe 3, an inner pipe 4, an extension device 5, a scraper 6, a mud suction device 7 and a driving rotation device 8; the inner tube 4 sets up in the outer tube 3, and the height that the lower extreme of inner tube 4 was located is less than the height that the lower extreme of outer tube 3 was located for the inner tube 4 is at the end of digging into of outer tube 3 and is visited soft soil 1. The inner tube 4 is connected with the scraper 6 through the extension device 5, specifically, the holding tank is seted up to this inner tube 4 lower extreme outside portion, and extension device 5 and scraper 6 all set up in the holding tank, and the lateral wall of inner tube 4 and one side fixed connection of extension device 5, the opposite side of extension device 5 then with scraper fixed connection, the scraper lateral wall under the initial condition is in on the same face with the inner tube 3 outside. The driving and rotating device 8 is connected with the inner tube 4 to drive the inner tube 4 to rotate, specifically, the driving and rotating device may be a driving motor, the driving motor is fixed on the inner wall of the outer tube 3, and the rotating end of the driving motor is fixedly connected with the top end of the inner tube, the specific configuration of the driving and rotating device is common knowledge in the art, and a person skilled in the art can set the driving and rotating device according to actual conditions. Inhale mud device 7 including the first force pump 9, conveyer pipe 1O and the mud mouth 11 of connecting gradually, conveyer pipe 10 is in inner tube 4, and this conveyer pipe 10 is the pipe that advances one more, the exit end and the first force pump 9 intercommunication of conveyer pipe, the entrance point and the mud mouth intercommunication of conveyer pipe 10, mud mouth 11 sets up in the holding tank of inner tube 4, also between inner tube 4 and scraper 6. As shown in fig. 1(a) and fig. 2(a), when the anchor rod 2 is not driven into the soft soil 1 to a specified depth, the stretching device 5 is in a contraction state and does not push the scraper 6 to press the soft soil l on the side surface, the driving rotating device 8 does not drive the inner pipe 4 to rotate, and the mud suction device 7 does not work; as shown in fig. 1(b) and fig. 2(b), when the anchor rod 2 is driven into the soft soil 1 to a specified depth, the stretching device 5 is in a stretching state and pushes the scraper 6 to press the soft soil 1 on the side surface, the driving and rotating device 8 drives the inner pipe 4 to rotate in a reciprocating manner, and the first pressure pump 9 of the mud suction device 7 works and sucks the soft soil scraped between the scraper 6 and the inner pipe 4 through the mud suction port 11.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the mud suction device 7 further includes a second pressure pump 12, a grouting pipe 13 and a grouting port 14, the second pressure pump 12 is communicated with the grouting port 14 through the grouting pipe 13, the grouting pipe 13 is disposed in the inner pipe 4, and the grouting port 14 is also disposed between the inner pipe 4 and the scraper 6; when the anchor rod 2 is driven into the soft soil 1 to a specified depth, the second pressure pump 12 injects water into the space between the inner pipe 4 and the scraper 6 through the injection port 14, and the water and the scraped soft soil 1 are mixed at the time, so that the soft soil 1 scraped into the space between the scraper 6 and the inner pipe 4 can be sucked away by the mud suction port 11; when the extension means 5 is extended to a given length, the second pressure pump 12 instead injects the setting grout between the inner pipe 4 and the scraper 6, and then the setting grout gradually turns solid and together with the extension means 5 increases the anti-buoyancy of the rock bolt 2.
As one of the preferred embodiments of the stretching device in the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the stretching device 5 is a stretching body 15, specifically, the stretching device 5 includes a connecting device, a hydraulic cylinder and a scissor-type telescopic frame, the hydraulic cylinder includes a first oil pump 16, a pressure cylinder 17, a piston 18; the scissor-type telescopic frame 15 comprises a plurality of extension units 19, each extension unit 19 is formed by hinging a first rod 20 and a second rod 21, the first rod 20 and the second rod 21 rotate around a hinge point 22, and every two extension units 19 are hinged with each other; the connecting device comprises a sliding block 23 and a sliding rod 24, wherein the sliding block 23 is sleeved on the sliding rod 24 and freely slides on the sliding rod 24; the connection mode of the extending body 15 and the connecting device is that the first rod 20 is hinged with the sliding block 23, the second rod 21 is hinged with the sliding rod 24, the connecting device and the inner tube 4 are connected in a mode that the sliding rod 24 is fixed on the outer side of the inner tube 4, and the connecting device and the scraper 6 are connected in a mode that the sliding rod 24 is connected with the scraper 6; the first oil pump 16, the pressure cylinder 17, and the piston 18 are connected in this order, the piston 18 is in contact with the slide block 23, and the piston 18 moves relative to the pressure cylinder 17 and pushes the slide block 23 to move when the first oil pump 16 is pressurized, as shown in fig. 4(b), which causes the expansion body 15 to expand. What is meant by hinged here is that at the hinge point 22 it is free to rotate but not to displace relative to it.
As another preferred embodiment of the stretching device in the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, the stretching device 5 is a stretching bar 25, one end of the stretching bar is fixedly connected to the scraper, and the stretching device 5 is equipped with a temperature control mechanism 26, the temperature control mechanism 26 is installed on the sidewall of the inner tube 4, the stretching bar 25 is made of a shape memory alloy, when the temperature control mechanism 26 is heated as shown in fig. 5(a), the stretching bar 25 is at a first temperature and folds and contracts, when the temperature control mechanism 26 is not heated as shown in fig. 5(b), the stretching bar 25 is at a second temperature and stretches, and the stretching bar 25 pushes the scraper 6 to press the soft soil on the side.
As a third preferred embodiment of the stretching device of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, the stretching device 5 is a composite sleeve, and the composite sleeve is provided with a second oil pump 27 connected thereto, the composite sleeve is formed by combining Q sleeves 28, the sleeve 28 closest to the inner tube 4 is numbered as 1, the sleeve 28 farthest from the inner tube 4 is numbered as Q, the number of the sleeves between the sleeve No. 1 and the sleeve No. Q is sequentially increased, the sleeve No. Q freely slides in the sleeve No. Q-1 28, and a displacement stroke limiting block is arranged to prevent the sleeve No. Q from being separated from the sleeve No. Q-1 28 (Q is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to Q), the sleeve 28 is fixedly connected with the displacement stroke limiting block, the 1 end of the soft soil entering the sleeve No. Q28 is closed, the sleeves 28 except the sleeve No. Q28 are all of through hole structures with openings at two ends, a second oil pump 27 is communicated with the sleeve No. 1 28, and the sleeve No. 1 28 is fixedly connected with the inner tube 4; fig. 6 shows the structure of the composite sleeve when Q is 2, before the anchor rod 2 is driven into the soft soil 1 to a specified depth, as shown in fig. 6(a), 2 sleeves 28 are in a contracted state, and the second oil pump 27 is not operated; when the anchor rod 2 is driven into the soft soil 1 at a specified depth, as shown in fig. 6(b), the second oil pump 27 injects oil and pressurizes the sleeve 28 No. 1, so as to push the sleeves 28 to move relative to each other, so that the composite sleeve extends and pushes the scraper 6 to press the side soft soil 1.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, the anchor rod 2 further comprises an auxiliary reinforcing device, the auxiliary reinforcing device comprises a pulling rope 29 and a tightening device 30 which are connected, the tightening device 30 is installed on the outer tube 3, and the pulling rope 29 is connected with the tightening device 30 and the scraper 6 through the outer side of the outer tube 3; when the stretching device stretches but the scraper 6 does not enter the specified position of the soft soil 1 layer, the tightening device 30 enables the pull rope 29 to stretch according to the specified length, and when the stretching device stretches to the specified length so that the scraper 6 reaches the specified position of the soft soil 1 layer, the tightening device 30 fixes the pull rope 29 and enables the pull rope 29 not to freely stretch.
As shown in fig. 8, the tightening device 3 includes a motor fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the outer tube 3 and a drum 32 fixedly connected to the rotating shaft of the motor, and one end of the pull rope 29 is fixedly connected to the drum 32 and wound around the drum 32. When the scraper 6 does not reach the specified position of the soft soil 1 layer but the scraper 6 moves relative to the inner pipe 4, the motor 31 drives the roller 32 to rotate, and the length of the pull rope 29 in the soft soil 1 layer is increased; when the scraper 6 reaches the specified position of the soft soil 1 layer, the roller 32 is fixed and the pulling rope 29 cannot freely extend.
In the invention, the stretching device 5 and the scraper 6 form a composite structure, the scraper 6 is the end part of the composite structure, and the end part of the composite structure is provided with pulling force through the pulling rope 29, so that the capability of the composite structure for resisting soil pressure is increased in the anti-floating process, the stretching device 5 is prevented from being bent and broken near the outer side of the inner pipe 4, and the anti-floating force of the anchor rod 2 is increased.
An anti-floating method of an anti-floating anchor rod 2 based on a stretching structure in soft soil 1 comprises the following steps:
step 1: driving an anchor rod 2 into the soft soil 1 to a specified depth;
step 2: when the anchor rod 2 is driven into the soft soil 1 to a specified depth, the stretching device 5 stretches and pushes the scraper 6 to press the soft soil 1 on the side surface, the driving and rotating device 8 drives the inner pipe 4 to rotate in a reciprocating manner, and the first pressure pump 9 of the mud suction device 7 works and sucks the soft soil 1 scraped between the scraper 6 and the inner pipe 4 through the mud suction port 11;
and step 3: after the scraper 6 moves to a designated position, the solidified slurry is injected between the inner pipe 4 and the scraper 6, and the anti-floating force of the anchor rod 2 is further ensured by gradually changing the solidified slurry into solid and increasing the anti-floating force of the anchor rod together with the stretching device 5.
Further, the extending device 5 is provided with a plurality of inclinometers 33, and after the extending device 5 extends to a specified length, the method for calculating the vertical acting force of the extending device 5 on the anchor rod 2 comprises the following steps:
(1) step 1, as shown in fig. 9, when the stretching device 5 is stretched to a specified length, it is used as a rod member, the length of the rod member is L, a total of m +1 inclinometers 33 are arranged, and the rod member with the total length of L is divided into m sections; the inclinometer 33 arranged at one end of the stretching device 5 close to the inner pipe 4 is numbered as 1, the inclinometer 33 of the stretching device 5 farthest away from the inner pipe 4 is numbered as m +1, and the node numbers between the No. 1 inclinometer 33 and the m +1 inclinometer 33 are sequentially increased;
(2) step 2, setting nodes corresponding to the ith inclinometer 33 and the (i + 1) th inclinometer 33 as an ith node and an (i + 1) th node respectively, setting an ith section between the ith node and the (i + 1) th node, and setting the length of the ith section as L(i)Young's modulus of E(i)Moment of inertia of I(i)The node of the ith section close to the inner tube 4 corresponds to the number i1The node of the ith section far away from the inner tube 4 corresponds to the serial number i2The vertical displacement and the corner corresponding to the node of the ith section close to the inner tube 4 are respectively set as
Figure BDA0003333696790000111
And
Figure BDA0003333696790000112
the vertical displacement and the corner corresponding to the node of the ith section far away from the inner tube 4 are respectively
Figure BDA0003333696790000113
And
Figure BDA0003333696790000114
here (1. ltoreq. i.ltoreq.m);
(3) step 3, measuring the rotation angle theta corresponding to each node based on the inclinometer 33j(ii) a Taking the vertical displacement v of the node when j is equal to 1jWhen j is more than 1, taking the vertical displacement on the node j as
Figure BDA0003333696790000115
Thus obtaining the displacement and the rotation angle on each node;
(4) step 4, the length L of the segment i(i)Young's modulus E(i)Moment of inertia I(i)Vertical displacement on two nodes
Figure BDA0003333696790000116
And
Figure BDA0003333696790000117
corner at two nodes
Figure BDA0003333696790000118
And
Figure BDA0003333696790000119
thereby calculating the node force of two nodes on the i-th segment
Figure BDA00033336967900001110
And
Figure BDA00033336967900001111
calculating the bending moment of two nodes on the ith section
Figure BDA00033336967900001112
And
Figure BDA00033336967900001113
the calculation method comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0003333696790000121
Figure BDA0003333696790000122
(5) and 5, when the stretching device 5 is stretched to a specified length, the stretching device is used as a rod piece, and the vertical force of the rod piece on the anchor rod 2 is calculated
Figure BDA0003333696790000123
Calculating the bending moment of the rod on the anchor rod 2
Figure BDA0003333696790000124
In the present invention, it can be checked whether the force applied to the extension device 5 exceeds the strength of the extension device 5 by the vertical force F and the bending moment M of the extension device 5 near the end of the inner pipe.
In addition, based on the vertical force F of the rod on the inner pipe 4 and the friction force of the soft soil 1 on the outer pipe 3, the vertical force shared by the rod and the outer pipe 3 can be obtained through calculation and analysis, wherein the friction force of the soft soil 1 on the outer pipe 3 can be determined by a conventional method, for example, the axial strain is measured on the outer pipe 3 in a segmented manner, so that the friction resistance of the lateral soft soil 1 is calculated.

Claims (9)

1. An anti-floating anchor rod based on a stretching structure in soft soil is characterized by comprising an outer pipe, an inner pipe, a stretching device, a scraper, a mud suction device and a driving rotating device; the outer pipe is sleeved outside the inner pipe, the height of the lower end of the inner pipe is lower than that of the lower end of the outer pipe, the side part of the lower end of the inner pipe is connected with the scraper through the stretching device, and the driving rotating device is connected with the inner pipe to drive the inner pipe to rotate; the mud suction device comprises a first pressure pump, a conveying pipe and a mud suction port which are sequentially connected, and the mud suction port is arranged between the inner pipe and the scraper; when the anchor rod is driven into the specified depth of the soft soil, the stretching device stretches to push the scraper to press the soft soil on the side surface, the driving and rotating device drives the inner pipe to rotate in a reciprocating mode, and the first pressure pump of the mud suction device works and sucks away the soft soil scraped into the space between the scraper and the inner pipe through the mud suction port.
2. The anti-floating anchor rod based on the extension structure in the soft soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mud suction device further comprises a second pressure pump, a grouting pipe and a grouting opening which are connected in sequence, the grouting pipe is arranged in the inner pipe, and the grouting opening is arranged between the inner pipe and the scraper; when the anchor rod is driven into soft soil to a specified depth, water is injected between the inner pipe and the scraper through the grouting port by the second pressure pump, at the moment, the water and the scraped soft soil are mixed, and the soft soil scraped between the scraper and the inner pipe is sucked away by the mud sucking port; when the stretching device stretches to the appointed length, the second pressure pump is changed into the mode that the solidified grout is injected between the inner pipe and the scraper, and the solidified grout and the stretching device jointly increase the anti-floating force of the anchor rod after being solidified.
3. The anti-floating anchor rod based on the extension structure in the soft soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extension device comprises a hydraulic cylinder, a connecting mechanism and a scissor type expansion bracket; the connecting mechanism comprises two symmetrically arranged slide bars and slide blocks respectively arranged on the two slide bars, the slide blocks are sleeved on the slide bars and can slide on the slide bars, one of the slide bars is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the inner pipe, the slide block on the slide bar is fixedly connected with the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder, and the other slide bar is fixedly connected with the scraper; the scissor-fork type telescopic frame is arranged between the two slide bars, and the upper end point and the lower end point on any side of the scissor-fork type telescopic frame are respectively hinged with the end parts of the corresponding slide bars and the corresponding slide blocks; the pneumatic cylinder starts to promote the sliding block and removes, cuts fork expansion bracket extension this moment and promotes the scraper and press to the side weak soil.
4. An anti-floating anchor rod based on an extension structure in soft soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extension device comprises an extension bar made of shape memory alloy, and a temperature control mechanism for heating the extension bar, the temperature control mechanism is installed on the inner pipe, the extension bar is at a first temperature and folds and contracts when the temperature control device is heated, the extension bar is at a second temperature when the temperature control device is not heated, and the extension bar is extended to push the scraper to press the side soft soil.
5. The anti-floating anchor rod based on the extension structure in soft soil according to claim 1, wherein the extension device comprises a composite sleeve and a second oil pump, the composite sleeve is formed by compounding Q sleeves, the number of the sleeve closest to the inner pipe is 1, the number of the sleeve farthest from the inner pipe is Q, the numbers of the sleeves between the No. 1 sleeve and the No. Q sleeve are sequentially increased, the No. Q sleeve freely slides in the No. Q-1 sleeve and is provided with a displacement stroke limiting block to prevent the No. Q sleeve from being separated from the No. Q-1 sleeve, Q is more than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to Q, the sleeve is fixedly connected with the displacement stroke limiting block, the soft soil inlet end of the No. Q sleeve is closed, the second oil pump is connected with the No. 1 sleeve, and the No. 1 sleeve is fixedly connected with the inner pipe; when the anchor rod is driven into the specified depth of the soft soil, the second oil pump injects oil and pressurizes the No. 1 sleeve to push the sleeves to move mutually, and the composite sleeve is extended to push the scraper to press the side soft soil.
6. The anti-floating anchor rod based on the extension structure in the soft soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anchor rod further comprises an auxiliary reinforcing device, the auxiliary reinforcing device comprises a pulling rope and a tightening device, the tightening device is installed on the outer pipe, and the pulling rope is connected with the tightening device and the scraper through the outer side of the outer pipe; when the scraper got into the soil layer assigned position, extension device extended and promoted the scraper and press to the side weak soil, and the stay cord extension this moment, when extension device extended to assigned length, tightening means fixed stay cord length.
7. An anti-floating anchor rod based on an extension structure in soft soil as claimed in claim 6, wherein the tightening device comprises a motor and a roller connected with the rotating end of the motor, one end of the pull rope is fixedly connected with the roller and wound on the roller; when the scraper does not enter the specified position of the soft soil layer but moves relative to the inner pipe, the motor drives the roller to rotate, and the length of the pull rope in the soil layer is increased; when the scraper reaches the designated position of the soft soil layer, the motor stops running to enable the pull rope not to freely extend.
8. The anti-floating anchor rod based on the extension structure in any soft soil of claim 1, wherein a plurality of inclinometers are installed in the extension device, after the extension device extends to a specified length, whether the stress of the extension device on the anchor rod exceeds the strength of the extension device is checked by calculating the vertical acting force of the extension device on the anchor rod, and the calculation method of the vertical acting force of the extension device on the anchor rod is as follows:
(1) taking the stretching device which stretches to the designated length as a rod piece, wherein the length of the rod piece is L, a total of m +1 inclinometers are arranged, and the rod piece with the total length of L is divided into m sections; the serial number of an inclinometer arranged at one end of the stretching device close to the inner pipe is 1, the serial number of the inclinometer of the stretching device farthest from the inner pipe is m +1, and the serial numbers of nodes between the inclinometer 1 and the inclinometer m +1 are sequentially increased;
(2) setting the nodes corresponding to the ith inclinometer and the (i + 1) th inclinometer as an ith node and an (i + 1) th node respectively, setting an ith section between the ith node and the (i + 1) th node and setting the length of the ith section as L(i)Young's modulus of E(i)Moment of inertia of I(i)The node of the ith section close to the inner tube corresponds to the serial number i1The node of the ith section far away from the inner tube corresponds to the serial number i2Setting the vertical displacement and the rotation angle corresponding to the node of the ith section close to the inner pipe as
Figure FDA0003333696780000041
And
Figure FDA0003333696780000042
the vertical displacement and the corner corresponding to the node of the ith section far away from the inner tube are respectively
Figure FDA0003333696780000043
And
Figure FDA0003333696780000044
here (1. ltoreq. i.ltoreq.m);
(3) measuring the rotation angle theta corresponding to each node based on inclinometerjJ is the current node number, and j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m; calculate the vertical displacement at each node as
Figure FDA0003333696780000045
(4) From the length L of the i-th section(i)Young's modulus E(i)Moment of inertia I(i)Vertical displacement on two nodes
Figure FDA0003333696780000046
And
Figure FDA0003333696780000047
corner at two nodes
Figure FDA0003333696780000048
And
Figure FDA0003333696780000049
thereby calculating the node force of two nodes on the i-th segment
Figure FDA00033336967800000410
And
Figure FDA00033336967800000411
calculating the bending moment of two nodes on the ith section
Figure FDA00033336967800000412
And
Figure FDA00033336967800000413
the calculation method comprises the following steps:
Figure FDA00033336967800000414
Figure FDA00033336967800000415
(5) calculating the vertical force of the rod member on the anchor rod
Figure FDA00033336967800000416
Calculating the bending moment of the rod on the anchor rod
Figure FDA00033336967800000417
9. An anti-floating method of an anti-floating anchor rod based on a stretching structure in soft soil is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: driving the anchor rod into the soft soil to a specified depth;
step 2: when the anchor rod is driven into the soft soil to a specified depth, the stretching device stretches to push the scraper to press the soft soil on the side surface, the driving and rotating device drives the inner pipe to rotate in a reciprocating mode simultaneously, and the first pressure pump of the mud suction device works and sucks away the soft soil scraped into the space between the scraper and the inner pipe through the mud suction port.
CN202111291114.2A 2021-11-02 2021-11-02 Anti-floating anchor rod based on extension structure in soft soil Pending CN114086550A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN110714463A (en) * 2019-11-11 2020-01-21 中国建筑西南勘察设计研究院有限公司 Mechanical expanding anti-floating anchor rod and construction method thereof
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US20200056479A1 (en) * 2017-09-12 2020-02-20 China University Of Mining And Technology Self-drilling differential grouting combined bolt and anchoring method therefor
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