CN114085375A - Synthesis method of polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution - Google Patents

Synthesis method of polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114085375A
CN114085375A CN202010853815.XA CN202010853815A CN114085375A CN 114085375 A CN114085375 A CN 114085375A CN 202010853815 A CN202010853815 A CN 202010853815A CN 114085375 A CN114085375 A CN 114085375A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nylon
salt
molecular weight
polyamide
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202010853815.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张利建
陶馥洁
唐成华
肖朝晖
伍千新
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Baling Co
Original Assignee
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Baling Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by China Petroleum and Chemical Corp, Sinopec Baling Co filed Critical China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Priority to CN202010853815.XA priority Critical patent/CN114085375A/en
Publication of CN114085375A publication Critical patent/CN114085375A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G69/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G69/02Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G69/08Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
    • C08G69/14Lactams
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G69/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G69/02Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • C08G69/08Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids derived from amino-carboxylic acids
    • C08G69/14Lactams
    • C08G69/16Preparatory processes

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polyamides (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a synthesis method of polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution, which comprises the steps of adding raw materials including nylon salt, water and diamine into a reaction kettle, heating to 180-240 ℃, reacting for 1.0-3.0 hours under the pressure of 0.2-1.8 MPa, and relieving pressure to normal pressure; and then heating to 240-265 ℃, reacting for 1.0-3.0 hours under normal pressure, and then reacting for 0.5-3.0 hours under the pressure of-0.04-0.08 MPa to obtain the catalyst. According to the method, the nylon salt is used as a main reactant, and diamine is introduced as a regulator, so that the decomposition of the nylon salt at high temperature can be effectively inhibited, the polymerization reaction pressure is reduced, the dibasic acid generated by the decomposition of the nylon salt is neutralized, the function of a molecular weight regulator can be realized, and the polyamide product with narrower molecular weight distribution, more stable viscosity and more excellent quality is obtained.

Description

Synthesis method of polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of polyamide, in particular to a method for obtaining polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution by taking amino carboxylate as a raw material and diamine as a regulator, belonging to the technical field of nylon preparation.
Background
Polyamide, commonly known as nylon, such as nylon 610 and nylon 612, is an important general engineering plastic variety, has good comprehensive performance, low density, easy molding, high design freedom, heat insulation, high tensile strength, excellent impact property, high thermal deformation temperature, heat resistance, low friction coefficient, excellent wear resistance, self lubrication, oil resistance, chemical resistance and the like, and is widely applied. The method is widely applied to the fields of machine manufacturing, aerospace, automobile lightweight, spinning, household appliances, biomedicine, electricity and the like.
At present, when diamine and dibasic acid salt are used as raw materials for nylon 610, nylon 612 and the like, the nylon salt is easy to decompose at high temperature, so that the early stage of the polymerization process needs to be carried out under higher pressure. However, with the rise of the temperature of the system, even if the system is under a high pressure, the nylon salt still generates partial decomposition and is changed into monomers of diamine and dibasic acid again, due to the volatility of the diamine, most of decomposed diamine can be discharged along with the pressure relief process in the subsequent pressure relief and vacuum pumping processes, and the residual dibasic acid in the system can play a role of a blocking agent to inhibit the growth of a molecular chain, so that the molecular weight distribution of the product is wide, the viscosity stability is poor, and the quality stability of the final product is poor. For example, carboxylic acid-based molecular weight regulators such as acetic acid and benzoic acid are used in the technologies disclosed in (research on synthesis and performance of nylon 612, synthetic fiber industry, Tang Xinhua, etc., volume 30, phase 5, pages 8-10, month 10 in 2007) and (research on synthesis of nylon 612, Shanghai resin research institute 612, Special subject group), and the addition of such molecular weight regulators cannot effectively inhibit the decomposition of nylon salts, and the reaction needs to be carried out under higher reaction pressure in the early stage, so that the molecular weight distribution of the product is wider, and the quality stability is poorer.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of polyamide synthesized by adopting nylon salt in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for synthesizing polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution, stable viscosity and good quality stability.
In order to realize the technical purpose, the invention provides a synthesis method of polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution, which comprises the steps of adding raw materials including nylon salt, water and diamine into a reaction kettle, heating to 180-240 ℃, reacting for 1.0-3.0 hours under the pressure of 0.2-1.8 MPa, and relieving pressure to normal pressure; heating to 240-265 ℃, reacting for 1.0-3.0 hours at normal pressure, and reacting for 0.5-3.0 hours under the pressure of-0.04-0.08 MPa to obtain the product; the diamine is the same as that used for synthesizing the nylon salt.
When the nylon salt is used for synthesizing polyamide, the nylon salt is easily decomposed at high temperature to become monomers of diamine and diacid, and the diamine is volatile, so that the diamine generated by decomposition of the nylon salt can escape in the subsequent pressure relief and vacuum pumping processes, and the residual diacid can play a role of a blocking agent to inhibit the growth of molecular chains, so that the product has wide molecular weight distribution and poor viscosity stability. The key point of the technical scheme is that diamine is introduced as a regulator, and the diamine can effectively inhibit the decomposition of nylon salt at high temperature on one hand, so that the operation pressure can be reduced in the front-stage high-temperature reaction process, on the other hand, the diamine can neutralize diacid generated by the decomposition of the nylon salt, and make up for the diamine lost in the pressure relief and vacuum reaction processes, so that the end-capping function of carboxylic acid can be effectively prevented, and the function of the molecular weight regulator is realized, so that a polyamide product with narrower molecular weight distribution, more stable viscosity and more excellent product quality is obtained, and on the third hand, the slightly excessive diamine ensures that the tail end of the polyamide is mainly amino, so that the polyamide product has excellent dyeing performance.
The technical scheme of the invention requires that diamine units in diamine and nylon salt are the same, and as the nylon salt has reversible equilibrium of decomposition reaction in the high-temperature reaction process, when the diamine matched with the diamine in the nylon salt is adopted, the reversible equilibrium reaction of the decomposition reaction of the nylon salt can be carried out towards the opposite direction, namely towards the direction of generating the nylon salt, so as to achieve new equilibrium, thereby inhibiting the decomposition of the nylon salt and achieving the purpose of reducing the operation pressure.
As a preferable technical scheme, the mass of the nylon salt accounts for 60-90% of the total mass of the raw materials.
As a preferred technical scheme, the nylon salt is nylon 66 salt, nylon 612 salt, nylon 610 salt, nylon 512 salt, nylon 1010 salt, nylon 1012 salt, nylon 46 salt or MXD6 salt. These nylon salts are common omega-aminocarboxylates during polyamide synthesis.
As a preferable technical scheme, the mass of the diamine is 0.05-5 per mill of the mass of the nylon salt. The addition amount of the diamine is important for adjusting the molecular weight, the diamine with different proportions is added according to different relative viscosities of required products, if the addition amount of the diamine is too much, a blocking effect is generated, the continuation of the reaction and the growth of molecular chains are inhibited, the relative viscosity of the obtained product is low, the use requirement cannot be met, and if the use amount of the diamine is too little, the decomposition of nylon salt cannot be effectively inhibited, and the purpose of adjusting the molecular weight distribution cannot be achieved.
As a preferable technical scheme, the diamine is pentanediamine, hexanediamine, butanediamine, decanediamine, p-xylylenediamine or m-xylylenediamine.
As a preferred technical scheme, the pressure relief adopts a slow pressure relief mode, and the pressure relief time is 0.5-2.0 hours.
The preparation method of the polyamide provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps: adding raw materials such as nylon salt, water, diamine and the like into a reaction kettle, heating to 180-240 ℃, keeping the temperature and the pressure at 0.2-1.8 MPa, and reacting for 1.0-3.0 hours; slowly releasing the pressure to the normal pressure for 0.5 to 2.0 hours, heating to 240 to 265 ℃, and maintaining the normal pressure for reaction for 1.0 to 3.0 hours; and after the reaction at normal pressure, vacuumizing to-0.04 to-0.08 MPa, reacting for 0.5 to 3.0 hours, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out belt casting, granulating and drying to obtain the polyamide chips.
The heating, pressurizing, vacuumizing, granulating and drying involved in the invention all adopt the techniques well known in the art.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the synthesis method of the polyamide provided by the invention has simple process, and the operation pressure in the early polymerization stage is lower than that of the existing polymerization process, so that the polyamide is safer;
according to the synthesis method of the polyamide, diamine is adopted to effectively inhibit the decomposition of the nylon salt and adjust the molecular weight distribution of the nylon salt, so that the obtained polyamide material is narrower in molecular weight distribution and more stable in viscosity;
the polyamide provided by the invention can play a role of a molecular weight regulator by utilizing diamine, so that the content of terminal amino groups of a product is higher, and the polyamide has excellent dyeing property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of dyeing polyamide in comparative example 3;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of dyeing polyamide in example 3.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, examples of the invention are given herein. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Example 1
Adding 800g of nylon 612 salt, 200g of water and 0.4g of hexamethylenediamine raw material into a reaction kettle, heating to 200 ℃, keeping the temperature and the pressure at 1.2MPa, and reacting for 2.0 hours; then slowly releasing the pressure to the normal pressure for 1.5 hours, heating to 255 ℃, and maintaining the normal pressure for reaction for 1.0 hour; after the reaction under normal pressure, vacuumizing to-0.06 MPa, reacting for 1.0 hour, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out belt casting and grain cutting, and drying at 120 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain the nylon 612 slice.
Example 2
Adding 800g of nylon 512 salt, 200g of water and 0.4g of pentamethylene diamine raw material into a reaction kettle, heating to 200 ℃, keeping the temperature and the pressure at 1.2MPa, and reacting for 2.0 hours; then slowly releasing the pressure to the normal pressure for 1.5 hours, heating to 255 ℃, and maintaining the normal pressure for reaction for 1.0 hour; after the reaction under normal pressure, vacuumizing to-0.06 MPa, reacting for 1.0 hour, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out belt casting and grain cutting, and drying at 120 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain the nylon 512 slice.
Example 3
Adding 800g of nylon 612 salt, 200g of water and 1.2g of hexamethylenediamine raw material into a reaction kettle, heating to 200 ℃, keeping the temperature and the pressure at 1.2MPa, and reacting for 2.0 hours; then slowly releasing the pressure to the normal pressure for 1.5 hours, heating to 240 ℃, and maintaining the normal pressure for reaction for 1.0 hour; after the reaction under normal pressure, vacuumizing to-0.06 MPa, reacting for 1.0 hour, and after the reaction is finished, carrying out belt casting and grain cutting, and drying at 120 ℃ for 48 hours to obtain the nylon 612 slice. The dyeing effect of the polyamide is shown in figure 2, and compared with figure 1, the polyamide is dyed more uniformly and is dyed more deeply.
Comparative example 1
Example 1 was repeated except that no hexamethylenediamine was added.
Comparative example 2
Example 2 was repeated with the only difference that no pentanediamine was added.
Comparative example 3
Example 3 was repeated, with the only difference that no hexamethylenediamine was added.
Comparative example 4
Example 3 was repeated, except that hexamethylenediamine was replaced by pentanediamine.
Comparative example 5
Example 1 was repeated except that the amount of hexamethylenediamine added was increased to 1% and the product had a relative viscosity of 1.68, and was of no use value.
Molecular weight and molecular weight distribution data sheet for preparing slices
Figure BDA0002645708960000051
Figure BDA0002645708960000061
According to comparative examples 1 to 3, it can be seen that when a proper amount of diamine is added as a regulator, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of nylon can be obviously regulated. On the other hand, according to comparative example 4, it can be seen that if a diamine not matched with the nylon salt is used as a modifier, only the end capping effect can be achieved, the molecular weight can be reduced, and the narrowing of the molecular weight distribution can not be adjusted. As can be seen from comparative example 5, if the molecular weight modifier is added in too high a proportion under the same polymerization conditions, the relative viscosity of the nylon product is made lower.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications are possible without departing from the inventive concept, and that not all embodiments described herein are intended to be exhaustive and fall within the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A method for synthesizing polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution is characterized in that: adding raw materials including nylon salt, water and diamine into a reaction kettle, heating to 180-240 ℃, reacting for 1.0-3.0 hours under the pressure of 0.2-1.8 MPa, and releasing pressure to normal pressure; heating to 240-265 ℃, reacting for 1.0-3.0 hours at normal pressure, and reacting for 0.5-3.0 hours under the pressure of-0.04-0.08 MPa to obtain the product; the diamine is the same as that used for synthesizing the nylon salt.
2. The method for synthesizing polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution according to claim 1, wherein: the mass of the nylon salt accounts for 60-90% of the total mass of the raw materials.
3. The method for synthesizing a narrow molecular weight distribution polyamide as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the nylon salt is nylon 66 salt, nylon 612 salt, nylon 610 salt, nylon 512 salt, nylon 1010 salt, nylon 1012 salt, nylon 46 salt or MXD6 salt.
4. The method for synthesizing polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution according to claim 1, wherein: the diamine accounts for 0.05-5 per mill of the mass of the nylon salt.
5. The method for synthesizing a narrow molecular weight distribution polyamide as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein: the diamine is pentanediamine, hexanediamine, butanediamine, decanediamine, p-xylylenediamine or m-xylylenediamine.
6. The method for synthesizing polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution according to claim 1, wherein: the pressure relief adopts a slow pressure relief mode, and the pressure relief time is 0.5-2.0 hours.
CN202010853815.XA 2020-08-24 2020-08-24 Synthesis method of polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution Pending CN114085375A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010853815.XA CN114085375A (en) 2020-08-24 2020-08-24 Synthesis method of polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010853815.XA CN114085375A (en) 2020-08-24 2020-08-24 Synthesis method of polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114085375A true CN114085375A (en) 2022-02-25

Family

ID=80295317

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010853815.XA Pending CN114085375A (en) 2020-08-24 2020-08-24 Synthesis method of polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114085375A (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5079307A (en) * 1989-07-26 1992-01-07 Bp Chemicals (Additives) Limited High molecular weight polyamide production from dicarboxy terminated polyamide prepolymer
JPH0912714A (en) * 1995-06-26 1997-01-14 Kuraray Co Ltd Polyamide, polyamide composition and use thereof
CN104031263A (en) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-10 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 Nylon manufacturing method
CN105153417A (en) * 2015-10-26 2015-12-16 杭州弘昇科技有限公司 Halogen-free flame-retardant high-temperature nylon
CN109970968A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-07-05 成都竞越科技有限公司 A kind of polymerization of nylon
CN116874771A (en) * 2023-09-07 2023-10-13 中国天辰工程有限公司 Continuous production method of high-temperature nylon powder with narrow molecular weight distribution

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5079307A (en) * 1989-07-26 1992-01-07 Bp Chemicals (Additives) Limited High molecular weight polyamide production from dicarboxy terminated polyamide prepolymer
JPH0912714A (en) * 1995-06-26 1997-01-14 Kuraray Co Ltd Polyamide, polyamide composition and use thereof
CN104031263A (en) * 2013-03-08 2014-09-10 上海凯赛生物技术研发中心有限公司 Nylon manufacturing method
CN105153417A (en) * 2015-10-26 2015-12-16 杭州弘昇科技有限公司 Halogen-free flame-retardant high-temperature nylon
CN109970968A (en) * 2019-04-24 2019-07-05 成都竞越科技有限公司 A kind of polymerization of nylon
CN116874771A (en) * 2023-09-07 2023-10-13 中国天辰工程有限公司 Continuous production method of high-temperature nylon powder with narrow molecular weight distribution

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN107286340B (en) Copolymerized transparent nylon and preparation method thereof
CA2755020C (en) Method for making polyamide
CN111019122B (en) Semi-aromatic polyamide thermoplastic elastomer and continuous production method thereof
EP2301985A1 (en) A semi-aromatic polyamide and the process with low amount of waste water discharge for preparing the same
CN112111058B (en) Preparation method of furan dicarboxylic acid diamine high polymer
EP0188328B1 (en) Polyamide resin and its production
CN111057233B (en) Copolymerized semi-aromatic polyamide and preparation method thereof
CN113336938A (en) Low-melting-point copolymerized nylon resin and preparation method and application thereof
CN114085375A (en) Synthesis method of polyamide with narrow molecular weight distribution
CN114773590A (en) Preparation method of high-quality polyamide
EP2566909B1 (en) Process for preparing pa-4x, and pa-410 obtainable by the process
CN111635522A (en) Copolyamide capable of preparing ferroelectric nylon film by simple thermal processing and preparation method thereof
CN113881036A (en) Preparation method of long carbon chain nylon and nylon obtained by preparation method
CN109957108B (en) Polyesteramide hot melt adhesive and preparation method thereof
CN116535848A (en) Chinlon 6 collagen master batch and in-situ polymerization preparation method thereof
CN115572387A (en) Preparation method of low-melting-point copolymerized flame-retardant polyamide
CN109851779B (en) Semi-aromatic polyamide and molding composition thereof
CN111072904B (en) Polyurethane elastomer composition and split piston
CN104910376B (en) It is a kind of to produce low melting point, the formula of high decomposition temperature copolyamide and preparation method without using ring opening agent
CN115612095A (en) High-temperature-resistant semi-aromatic copolyamide and preparation method, composition and molded product thereof
CN115975181B (en) Ternary polymerization transparent nylon and preparation method thereof
CN115894902B (en) Transparent nylon resin and preparation method and application thereof
KR101881331B1 (en) Polyesteramide and method of preparing the same
CN114736369B (en) Modified nylon and preparation method thereof
CN114507344B (en) Alcoholysis-resistant polyamide resin and preparation method and application thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination