CN114085054A - Method for preparing functional water permeable material by using multi-source solid waste - Google Patents
Method for preparing functional water permeable material by using multi-source solid waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN114085054A CN114085054A CN202111121725.2A CN202111121725A CN114085054A CN 114085054 A CN114085054 A CN 114085054A CN 202111121725 A CN202111121725 A CN 202111121725A CN 114085054 A CN114085054 A CN 114085054A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a functional water permeable material by utilizing multi-source solid wastes, which comprises the following specific steps: fully and uniformly stirring the high-activity sludge, the high-activity iron tailing powder, the coal gangue powder, the blast furnace slag, the gypsum, the ammonium bicarbonate and the medical stone powder, then preparing the mixture into spheres with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm by using a granulator, and curing to obtain a baking-free aggregate; adding the baking-free aggregate and part of water into a stirrer, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding cement, magnesium fluosilicate and sodium silicate, stirring fully, adding the water reducing agent, the redispersible latex powder and the rest water, mixing uniformly, taking out and compacting the obtained mixture, and curing to obtain the functional water permeable material. The functional water permeable material is prepared by using the low-carbon non-fired aggregate, so that the utilization rate of solid waste resources is high, the preparation cost is low, the energy consumption in the preparation process is low, the preparation process is simple, and the functional water permeable material has a great application prospect in sponge city construction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of porous mortar, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic products, and relates to a method for preparing a functional water permeable material by utilizing multi-source solid wastes.
Background
In the process of urbanization development in China, the discharge amount of waste such as sludge, iron tailings and the like is large. Sludge in most areas of China is usually accumulated in a centralized mode and is recovered for use after natural evaporation, consolidation and settlement form land, the process takes long time, the land utilization amount is large, and secondary pollution to soil and underground water is caused by rain wash and leaching. The same piling treatment of the iron tailings not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also destroys the local ecological environment.
The sludge and the iron tailings are recycled to prepare materials such as pervious concrete, and the materials can be used for building a 'sponge city' with natural accumulation, natural infiltration and natural purification, and the problems of rainstorm waterlogging, heat island effect and the like are solved. Currently, many relevant studies are available, for example: and preparing the baking-free lightweight aggregate with the barrel pressing strength of more than 2MPa by using 60-80% of sludge, 1-10% of gypsum and 15-30% of cement. The Yilongsheng and the like utilize iron tailings to prepare foaming cement, and 55 percent of iron tailings, 45 percent of ordinary portland cement, 8 percent of foaming agent and the like are utilized to prepare the foaming cement with the compressive strength of 1.65 MPa. Jiang Song and the like are prepared from raw materials such as cement, sandstone and the like, and the apparent density of the Jiang Song and the like is 1900Kg/m3And the water permeability coefficient is greater than 1.5mm/s, and the water permeability coefficient is increased along with the increase of the particle size of the aggregate. The above studies also present a number of problems, for example: the non-fired ceramsite prepared from the sludge base is large in gelled material amount and high in cost, and the dissolution of organic matters in the sludge is not considered, so that the dissolution of the organic matters can influence the strength of the non-fired ceramsite. The iron tailings are subjected to resource utilization, and the method has the advantages of large amount of cementing materials, low strength, low resource utilization rate and high utilization cost. The raw materials of the permeable material aggregate are mostly natural gravels,the environment is damaged, the prepared permeable material has high stacking density, is not beneficial to construction, has low permeability coefficient and high blockage rate.
The invention utilizes an organic-inorganic coupling mode to solidify sludge, reduces the risk of influence of organic matter dissolution on the strength of the non-burnt aggregate, utilizes strong alkali and water glass to be mixed with iron tailings with the fineness of less than or equal to 48 mu m to prepare a mixed phase with higher activity to replace a cementing material with higher cost, adds a small amount of ammonium bicarbonate as a foaming agent and medical stone powder to prepare the non-burnt aggregate with the functions of purifying water, absorbing water and storing water, and then utilizes the non-burnt aggregate to prepare the functional water permeable material with high water permeability and wear resistance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing a functional water permeable material by utilizing multi-source solid wastes aiming at the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the method for preparing the functional water permeable material by using multi-source solid wastes comprises the following specific steps:
1) pretreating sludge by using potassium polyacrylate and water-based epoxy resin to obtain high-activity sludge;
2) uniformly mixing iron tailing powder obtained after the iron tailing ball milling treatment with a strong alkali solution to obtain high-activity iron tailing powder;
3) calcining the coal gangue and then ball-milling the calcined coal gangue into coal gangue powder;
4) fully and uniformly stirring the high-activity sludge obtained in the step 1), the high-activity iron tailing powder obtained in the step 2), the coal gangue powder obtained in the step 3), blast furnace slag, gypsum, ammonium bicarbonate and medical stone powder, then preparing a spherical shape with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm by using a granulator, and curing to obtain a baking-free aggregate;
5) adding the non-fired aggregate obtained in the step 4) and water (mass percentage) with the total water amount of 50-80% into a stirrer, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding cement, magnesium fluosilicate and sodium silicate, stirring fully, adding a water reducing agent, redispersible latex powder and the rest water, mixing uniformly, taking out and compacting the obtained mixture, and curing to obtain the functional water permeable material.
According to the scheme, the density of the potassium polyacrylate obtained in the step 1) is less than or equal to 0.6g/mL, the waterborne epoxy resin is nonionic waterborne epoxy resin, the solid content is 50-52%, and the epoxy value is 0.23-0.25 mol/100 g.
According to the scheme, the mass parts of the potassium polyacrylate, the water-based epoxy resin and the sludge in the step 1) are as follows: 50-100 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 30-80 parts of water-based epoxy resin and 1100-1600 parts of sludge, wherein the water content of the sludge is less than or equal to 80% (mass percentage content).
According to the scheme, the pretreatment method in the step 1) comprises the following steps: and uniformly mixing potassium polyacrylate, water-based epoxy resin and sludge. The pretreatment can dehydrate the sludge and change the contact state between sludge particles.
According to the scheme, SiO in the iron tailings obtained in the step 2)2More than 40 percent (mass percentage); the particle size of the iron tailing powder is less than or equal to 48 mu m.
According to the scheme, the strong alkaline solution in the step 2) is a mixed solution of 50-100 parts of sodium hydroxide solution and 100-180 parts of water glass, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-2 mol/L, and the water glass is sodium water glass (Na)2O
·mSiO2·nH2O), the modulus m is 1.2-1.8.
According to the scheme, the mass ratio of the iron tailing powder in the step 2) to the strong alkali solution is 2.5-7: 1.
according to the scheme, the coal gangue calcination process conditions in the step 3) are as follows: and (3) placing the mixture in a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 650-750 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 5-10 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1.5-2.5 h, and then naturally cooling.
According to the scheme, the particle size of the coal gangue powder in the step 3) is less than or equal to 17.05 mu m, and the specific surface area is 350-450 m2/Kg。
According to the scheme, the grain diameter of the blast furnace slag in the step 4) is less than or equal to 10.03 mu m, and the specific surface area is 380-480 m2/Kg。
According to the scheme, the gypsum in the step 4) is white powder, the standard consistency is 60-80%, and the fineness is less than0.3mm, CaSO in Gypsum Fibrosum4·2H2The content of O is more than or equal to 95 percent.
According to the scheme, the medical stone powder in the step 4) is powder formed by screening, crushing and grading natural medical stone raw ore, and the particle size is less than or equal to 75 microns.
According to the scheme, the high-activity sludge, the high-activity iron tailing powder, the coal gangue powder, the blast furnace slag, the ammonium bicarbonate, the gypsum and the medical stone powder in the step 4) are prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 1100-1600 parts of high-activity sludge (by mass parts of sludge), 800-1000 parts of high-activity iron tailing powder (by mass parts of iron tailings), 180-230 parts of coal gangue powder (by mass parts of coal gangue), 30-80 parts of blast furnace slag, 10-30 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 100-150 parts of gypsum and 100-200 parts of medical stone powder.
According to the scheme, the curing conditions in the step 4) are as follows: and (5) curing for 7d at room temperature (15-35 ℃) and under the condition that the humidity is more than or equal to 90%. The curing aims to ensure that the strength of the baking-free aggregate is more than or equal to 5 MPa.
According to the scheme, Na in the sodium silicate is obtained in the step 5)2O content of 25.0-29.0%, SiO2The content of (A) is 49.0-53.0%, and the modulus is 2.00 +/-0.10. The content herein means a mass percentage content.
According to the scheme, the water reducing agent in the step 5) is a powdery polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is 20-30%.
According to the scheme, the redispersible latex powder in the step 5) is vinyl acetate and ethylene copolymerized latex powder, the average particle size is 125-140 mu m, the ash content is 5-15%, the solid content is not less than 98%, the pH value is 7.0, and the bulk density is not more than 500Kg/m3。
According to the scheme, the functional water permeable material in the step 5) comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass: 2400 parts of non-fired aggregate, 350-450 parts of cement, 50-100 parts of magnesium fluosilicate, 50-100 parts of sodium silicate, 1-6 parts of water reducing agent, 50-100 parts of redispersible latex powder and 100-150 parts of water.
According to the scheme, the curing process conditions in the step 5) are as follows: curing at room temperature for 28 d.
The invention also comprises the functional water permeable material prepared by the method, wherein the 28-day compressive strength of the functional water permeable material is 13.1-18.5 Mpa, and the water permeability coefficient is 6.1-6.6 mm/s.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
1) the invention selects potassium polyacrylate and water-based epoxy resin as modifiers to pretreat the sludge, has the functions of dewatering, changing the bonding state among sludge particles and solidifying the sludge, utilizes strong alkaline solution prepared by sodium hydroxide and water glass to mix with iron tailing powder with the fineness of less than or equal to 48 mu m, has larger consumption of the iron tailing, and is doped with various additives such as coal gangue powder, blast furnace slag, gypsum and the like, so as to generate a plurality of interwoven multi-component hydrated phases with large content and a plurality of types of high-strength phases such as calcium aluminate hydrate, calcium silicate hydrate, calcium sulphoaluminate hydrate, calcium hydroxide hydrate and the like, can produce a mixed phase with higher strength, improve the strength of the baking-free aggregate, and the strength of the prepared permeable material meets the use standard;
2) the invention utilizes a large amount of generated high-strength phases as framework supports of the baking-free aggregate, and on the basis, ammonium bicarbonate and medical stone powder are added, wherein the ammonium bicarbonate can react to generate gas in a low-temperature environment, pores are generated in the baking-free aggregate by foaming, so that the baking-free aggregate has the functions of water absorption and water storage, and the prepared baking-free aggregate has the function of water purification by utilizing the water purification capability of the internal microporous structure of the medical stone powder;
3) the magnesium fluosilicate and the sodium silicate added in the process of preparing the functional water permeable material can permeate into pores and microcracks on the surface of the slurry of the mixture of the sintering-free aggregate, the cement and the like, fill the pores between cement particles and other particles in the slurry, play a role in improving the pore structure, effectively improve the strength and the hardness of the surface of the slurry, form a compact surface layer on the surface and improve the strength and the wear resistance of the water permeable material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the baking-free aggregate provided by the invention has high strength, can ensure that the internal pores of the prepared permeable material aggregate are uniform, has the functions of water permeability, water purification and water absorption, and can effectively purify and store polluted water such as rainwater; 2. the functional water permeable material is prepared by using the low-carbon unfired aggregate, the utilization rate of solid waste resources is high, the utilization rate of comprehensive solid waste such as sludge, iron tailings, gypsum, coal gangue and blast furnace slag can reach up to 82.5 percent (the mass fraction of solid waste raw materials in all raw materials), the preparation cost is low, the energy consumption of the preparation process is low, the preparation process is simple, and the functional water permeable material has great application prospects for building sponge cities.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples.
The raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are indicated below:
the sludge is the sludge dredged by the riverway, grows at the bottom of the riverway and is dredged by a dredging machine, and the sludge has the water content of 41.24 percent, the organic matter content of 7.6 percent and the fineness of less than or equal to 80 mu m.
The iron tailings are obtained from iron ore dressing plants, wherein the main mineral phases are amphibole, quartz, feldspar and part of magnetite and pyrite which are not selected, SiO2＞40％。
The coal gangue is south coal gangue, the fineness of coal gangue powder obtained after calcining and ball milling is less than or equal to 17.05 mu m, and the specific surface area is 350-450 m2/kg。
The blast furnace slag is industrial S95-grade granulated blast furnace slag, the fineness of the slag is less than or equal to 10.03 mu m, and the specific surface area of the slag is 405m2/Kg。
The gypsum is a powder substance prepared by dehydrating and grinding dihydrate gypsum at 120 deg.C under 1.3 atmospheric pressure, and has standard consistency of 75% and fineness of less than 0.3mm, and CaSO in gypsum4·2H2The content of O is more than or equal to 95 percent.
The water glass is commercially available water glass, and the modulus of the water glass is 1.2-1.8.
The potassium polyacrylate and the waterborne epoxy resin are commercially available products, wherein the density of the potassium polyacrylate is less than or equal to 0.6g/mL, the waterborne epoxy resin is a nonionic waterborne epoxy resin, the solid content is 50-52%, and the epoxy value is 0.23-0.25 mol/100 g.
The medical stone powder is purchased from processing factories of Jiaqi mineral products in Lingshan county, and the fineness is less than or equal to 75 mu m.
The cement is produced by river Hua sea snail cement company Limited, and the specification of the cement is P.O 42.5R ordinary portland cement.
The redispersible latex powder, the magnesium fluosilicate and the sodium silicate are commercially available products, wherein the redispersible latex powder is vinyl acetate and ethylene copolymer rubber powder, the average particle size is 125-140 mu m, the ash content is 5-15%, the solid content is more than or equal to 98%, the pH is 7.0, and the bulk density is less than or equal to 500Kg/m3The magnesium fluosilicate is white crystal which is easy to dissolve in water and has the density less than or equal to 1.9g/cm3, and the sodium silicate is white powder, wherein Na is contained in the sodium silicate225.0 to 29.0% of O and SiO2The content of (A) is 49.0-53.0%, and the modulus is 2.00 + -0.10.
The water reducing agent is a commercial powdery polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducing agent, and the water reducing rate is 24%.
Example 1
A method for preparing a functional water permeable material by utilizing multi-source solid wastes (the following dosage is in parts by mass) comprises the following specific steps:
1) preprocessing 1500 parts of sludge by using 70 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 60 parts of waterborne epoxy resin, and uniformly mixing to obtain high-activity sludge;
2) ball-milling 900 parts of iron tailings until the particle size is less than or equal to 48 mu m, and then uniformly mixing the iron tailings with a strong alkali solution prepared by mixing 70 parts of sodium hydroxide solution (1mol/L) and 120 parts of water glass to obtain high-activity iron tailing powder;
3) heating 200 parts of coal gangue in a muffle furnace to 700 ℃ at a heating rate of 10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2 hours for calcination, then naturally cooling, and ball-milling into coal gangue powder with the fineness of less than or equal to 17.05 mu m;
4) adding the obtained high-activity sludge, high-activity iron tailing powder, coal gangue powder, 60 parts of blast furnace slag, 20 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 120 parts of gypsum and 150 parts of medical stone powder into a stirrer, fully stirring and mixing, then pelletizing by using a pelletizer to prepare spheres with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm, and curing for 7 days under the conditions that the room temperature and the humidity are more than or equal to 90% to obtain a baking-free aggregate;
5) 2400 parts of the prepared non-fired aggregate and 120 parts of water are added into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed, 380 parts of cement, 60 parts of magnesium fluosilicate and 60 parts of sodium silicate are added to be fully stirred, finally 30 parts of water, 2 parts of water reducing agent and 70 parts of redispersible latex powder are added, the uniformly mixed mixture is taken out and compacted, and the mixture is maintained at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the multi-source solid waste functional permeable material.
Example 2
A method for preparing a functional water permeable material by utilizing multi-source solid wastes (the following dosage is in parts by mass) comprises the following specific steps:
1) utilizing 70 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 60 parts of waterborne epoxy resin to carry out mixing pretreatment on 1500 parts of sludge to obtain high-activity sludge;
2) ball-milling 900 parts of iron tailings until the particle size is less than or equal to 48 mu m, and then uniformly mixing the iron tailings with a strong alkali solution prepared by mixing 70 parts of sodium hydroxide solution (1mol/L) and 120 parts of water glass to obtain high-activity iron tailing powder;
3) heating 190 parts of coal gangue to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min at room temperature, preserving heat for 2 hours for calcination, then naturally cooling, and ball-milling into coal gangue powder with the fineness of less than or equal to 17.05 mu m;
4) adding the high-activity sludge, the high-activity iron tailing powder, the coal gangue powder, 50 parts of blast furnace slag, 20 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 110 parts of gypsum and 140 parts of medical stone powder into a stirrer, fully stirring and mixing, then pelletizing by using a pelletizer to prepare spheres with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm, and curing for 7 days at room temperature and under the condition that the humidity is more than or equal to 90% to obtain a baking-free aggregate;
5) 2400 parts of the prepared non-fired aggregate and 120 parts of water are added into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed, 380 parts of cement, 60 parts of magnesium fluosilicate and 60 parts of sodium silicate are added to be fully stirred, finally 30 parts of water, 2 parts of water reducing agent and 60 parts of redispersible latex powder are added, the uniformly mixed mixture is taken out and compacted, and the mixture is maintained at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the multi-source solid waste functional permeable material.
Example 3
A method for preparing a functional water permeable material by utilizing multi-source solid wastes (the following dosage is in parts by mass) comprises the following specific steps:
1) utilizing 70 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 60 parts of waterborne epoxy resin to carry out mixing pretreatment on 1500 parts of sludge to obtain high-activity sludge;
2) ball-milling 900 parts of iron tailings until the particle size is less than or equal to 48 mu m, and then uniformly mixing the iron tailings with a strong alkali solution prepared by mixing 70 parts of sodium hydroxide solution (1mol/L) and 120 parts of water glass to obtain high-activity iron tailing powder;
3) heating 180 parts of coal gangue to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min at room temperature, preserving heat for 2 hours for calcination, then naturally cooling, and ball-milling into coal gangue powder with the fineness of less than or equal to 17.05 mu m;
4) adding the high-activity sludge, the high-activity iron tailing powder, the coal gangue powder, 50 parts of blast furnace slag, 20 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 100 parts of gypsum and 130 parts of medical stone powder into a stirrer, fully stirring and mixing, then pelletizing by using a pelletizer to prepare spheres with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm, and curing for 7 days at room temperature and under the condition that the humidity is more than or equal to 90% to obtain a baking-free aggregate;
5) 2400 parts of the prepared non-fired aggregate and 120 parts of water are added into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed, 380 parts of cement, 60 parts of magnesium fluosilicate and 60 parts of sodium silicate are added to be fully stirred, finally 30 parts of water, 2 parts of water reducing agent and 70 parts of redispersible latex powder are added, the uniformly mixed mixture is taken out and compacted, and the mixture is maintained at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the multi-source solid waste functional permeable material.
Example 4
A method for preparing a functional water permeable material by utilizing multi-source solid wastes (the following dosage is in parts by mass) comprises the following specific steps:
1) mixing and pretreating 1500 parts of sludge by using 60 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 50 parts of waterborne epoxy resin to obtain high-activity sludge;
2) ball-milling 900 parts of iron tailings until the particle size is less than or equal to 48 mu m, and then uniformly mixing the iron tailings with a strong alkali solution prepared by mixing 60 parts of sodium hydroxide solution (1mol/L) and 110 parts of water glass to obtain high-activity iron tailing powder;
3) heating 200 parts of coal gangue to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min at room temperature, preserving heat for 2 hours for calcination, then naturally cooling, and ball-milling into coal gangue powder with the fineness of less than or equal to 17.05 mu m;
4) adding the high-activity sludge, the high-activity iron tailing powder, the coal gangue powder, 60 parts of blast furnace slag, 20 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 120 parts of gypsum and 140 parts of medical stone powder into a stirrer, fully stirring and mixing, then pelletizing by using a pelletizer to prepare spheres with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm, and curing for 7 days at room temperature and under the condition that the humidity is more than or equal to 90% to obtain a baking-free aggregate;
5) 2400 parts of the prepared non-fired aggregate and 120 parts of water are added into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed, 380 parts of cement, 60 parts of magnesium fluosilicate and 60 parts of sodium silicate are added to be fully stirred, finally 30 parts of water, 2 parts of water reducing agent and 70 parts of redispersible latex powder are added, the uniformly mixed mixture is taken out and compacted, and the mixture is maintained at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the multi-source solid waste functional permeable material.
Example 5
A method for preparing a functional water permeable material by utilizing multi-source solid wastes (the following dosage is in parts by mass) comprises the following specific steps:
1) mixing and pretreating 1500 parts of sludge by using 50 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 40 parts of waterborne epoxy resin to obtain high-activity sludge;
2) ball-milling 900 parts of iron tailings until the particle size is less than or equal to 48 mu m, and then uniformly mixing the iron tailings with a strong alkali solution prepared by mixing 50 parts of sodium hydroxide solution (1mol/L) and 100 parts of water glass to obtain high-activity iron tailing powder;
3) heating 200 parts of coal gangue to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min at room temperature, preserving heat for 2 hours for calcination, then naturally cooling, and ball-milling into coal gangue powder with the fineness of less than or equal to 17.05 mu m;
4) adding the high-activity sludge, the high-activity iron tailing powder, the coal gangue powder, 60 parts of blast furnace slag, 20 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 120 parts of gypsum and 130 parts of medical stone powder into a stirrer, fully stirring and mixing, then pelletizing by using a pelletizer to prepare spheres with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm, and curing for 7 days at room temperature and under the condition that the humidity is more than or equal to 90% to obtain a baking-free aggregate;
5) 2400 parts of the prepared non-fired aggregate and 120 parts of water are added into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed, 380 parts of cement, 60 parts of magnesium fluosilicate and 60 parts of sodium silicate are added to be fully stirred, finally 30 parts of water, 2 parts of water reducing agent and 70 parts of redispersible latex powder are added, the uniformly mixed mixture is taken out and compacted, and the mixture is maintained at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the multi-source solid waste functional permeable material.
Example 6
A method for preparing a functional water permeable material by utilizing multi-source solid wastes (the following dosage is in parts by mass) comprises the following specific steps:
1) mixing and pretreating 1500 parts of sludge by using 60 parts of potassium polyacrylate and 50 parts of waterborne epoxy resin to obtain high-activity sludge;
2) ball-milling 900 parts of iron tailings until the particle size is less than or equal to 48 mu m, and then uniformly mixing the iron tailings with a strong alkali solution prepared by mixing 60 parts of sodium hydroxide solution (1mol/L) and 110 parts of water glass to obtain high-activity iron tailing powder;
3) heating 190 parts of coal gangue to 700 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min at room temperature, preserving heat for 2 hours for calcination, then naturally cooling, and ball-milling into coal gangue powder with the fineness of less than or equal to 17.05 mu m;
4) adding the high-activity sludge, the high-activity iron tailing powder, the coal gangue powder, 50 parts of blast furnace slag, 20 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 110 parts of gypsum and 140 parts of medical stone powder into a stirrer, fully stirring and mixing, then pelletizing by using a pelletizer to prepare spheres with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm, and curing for 7 days at room temperature and under the condition that the humidity is more than or equal to 90% to obtain a baking-free aggregate;
5) 2400 parts of the prepared non-fired aggregate and 120 parts of water are added into a stirrer to be stirred and mixed, 380 parts of cement, 60 parts of magnesium fluosilicate and 60 parts of sodium silicate are added to be fully stirred, finally 30 parts of water, 2 parts of water reducing agent and 70 parts of redispersible latex powder are added, the uniformly mixed mixture is taken out and compacted, and the mixture is maintained at room temperature for 28 days to obtain the multi-source solid waste functional permeable material.
Example 7
The functional water permeable materials prepared in examples 1 to 6 were tested for their performance, and the main performance test methods were as follows:
and (3) testing the compressive strength: and testing the compressive strength of the functional water permeable material 28d prepared by multi-source solid waste.
Testing the water absorption of the baking-free aggregate: the test is carried out according to the standard GB2839-81 Clay ceramsite and ceramic sand.
Testing the water permeability coefficient of the water permeable material: the test is carried out according to the standard T/ZACA 001-2018 permeable cement concrete permeable coefficient test method.
The results of the balance mean compressive strength tests on the functional water permeable materials 28 prepared in examples 1-6 are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 | |
| Compressive strength (MPa) | 18.5 | 14.6 | 15.8 | 13.1 | 15.5 | 14.9 |
The results of the water absorption test of the unfired aggregate prepared in examples 1-6 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
| Aggregate product | Particle size (mm) | Water absorption (%) | Bulk Density (Kg/m)3) |
| Example 1 | 4.75～9.5 | 32.1 | 857 |
| Example 2 | 4.75～9.5 | 30.4 | 812 |
| Example 3 | 4.75～9.5 | 30.75 | 835 |
| Example 4 | 4.75～9.5 | 31.22 | 822 |
| Example 5 | 4.75～9.5 | 29.98 | 816 |
| Example 6 | 4.75～9.5 | 30.15 | 824 |
The results of the water permeability coefficient test of the functional water permeable materials prepared in examples 1-6 are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
| Water permeable material product | Coefficient of water permeability (mm/s) |
| Example 1 | 6.5 |
| Example 2 | 6.2 |
| Example 3 | 6.4 |
| Example 4 | 6.6 |
| Example 5 | 6.1 |
| Example 6 | 6.3 |
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, but includes any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a functional water permeable material by utilizing multi-source solid wastes is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) pretreating sludge by using potassium polyacrylate and water-based epoxy resin to obtain high-activity sludge;
2) uniformly mixing iron tailing powder obtained after the iron tailing ball milling treatment with a strong alkali solution to obtain high-activity iron tailing powder;
3) calcining the coal gangue and then ball-milling the calcined coal gangue into coal gangue powder;
4) fully and uniformly stirring the high-activity sludge obtained in the step 1), the high-activity iron tailing powder obtained in the step 2), the coal gangue powder obtained in the step 3), blast furnace slag, gypsum, ammonium bicarbonate and medical stone powder, then preparing the mixture into spheres with the particle size of 4.75-9.5 mm by using a granulator, and curing to obtain a baking-free aggregate;
5) adding the non-fired aggregate obtained in the step 4) and water with the total water amount of 50-80% into a stirrer, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding cement, magnesium fluosilicate and sodium silicate, fully stirring, adding a water reducing agent, redispersible latex powder and the rest water, mixing uniformly, taking out and compacting the obtained mixture, and curing to obtain the functional water permeable material.
2. The method for preparing the functional water permeable material by using the multi-source solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the density of the potassium polyacrylate in the step 1) is less than or equal to 0.6g/mL, the waterborne epoxy resin is nonionic waterborne epoxy resin, the solid content is 50-52%, and the epoxy value is 0.23-0.25 mol/100 g; the mass parts of the potassium polyacrylate, the water-based epoxy resin and the sludge are as follows: 50-100 parts of potassium polyacrylate, 30-80 parts of water-based epoxy resin and 1100-1600 parts of sludge, wherein the water content of the sludge is less than or equal to 80%.
3. The method for preparing the functional water permeable material by using the multi-source solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment method in the step 1) is as follows: and uniformly mixing potassium polyacrylate, water-based epoxy resin and sludge.
4. The method for preparing a functional water permeable material by using multi-source solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the strong alkaline solution in the step 2) is a mixed solution of 50-100 parts of a sodium hydroxide solution and 100-180 parts of water glass, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1-2 mol/L, the water glass is sodium water glass, and the modulus is 1.2-1.8;
the mass ratio of the iron tailing powder to the strong alkali solution is 2.5-7: 1.
5. the method for preparing the functional water permeable material by using multi-source solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the coal gangue calcination process conditions in the step 3) are as follows: and (3) placing the mixture in a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 650-750 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 5-10 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1.5-2.5 h, and then naturally cooling.
6. The method for preparing the functional water permeable material by using the multi-source solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the high-activity sludge, the high-activity iron tailing powder, the coal gangue powder, the blast furnace slag, the ammonium bicarbonate, the gypsum and the medical stone powder in the step 4) are prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 1100-1600 parts of high-activity sludge, 800-1000 parts of high-activity iron tailing powder, 180-230 parts of coal gangue powder, 30-80 parts of blast furnace slag, 10-30 parts of ammonium bicarbonate, 100-150 parts of gypsum and 100-200 parts of medical stone powder.
7. The method for preparing the functional water-permeable material by using the multi-source solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the curing conditions in the step 4) are as follows: curing for 7 days at room temperature and humidity of more than or equal to 90%.
8. The method for preparing functional water-permeable material by using multi-source solid wastes according to claim 1, wherein the redispersible latex powder in the step 5) is vinyl acetate and ethylene copolymerized latex powder, the average particle size is 125-140 μm, the ash content is 5-15%, the solid content is not less than 98%, the pH value is 7.0, and the bulk density is not more than 500Kg/m3。
9. The method for preparing the functional water permeable material by using the multi-source solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the functional water permeable material in the step 5) comprises the following raw material components in parts by mass: 2400 parts of non-fired aggregate, 350-450 parts of cement, 50-100 parts of magnesium fluosilicate, 50-100 parts of sodium silicate, 1-6 parts of water reducing agent, 50-100 parts of redispersible latex powder and 100-150 parts of water;
step 5) the curing process conditions are as follows: curing at room temperature for 28 d.
10. The functional water permeable material prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the 28-day compressive strength is 13.1-18.5 Mpa, and the water permeability coefficient is 6.1-6.6 mm/s.
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