CN114084767A

CN114084767A - Elevator buffering monitoring devices based on wire rope uninstallation and resistance-variable shock attenuation structure

Info

Publication number: CN114084767A
Application number: CN202111371306.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹俊; 徐虎修
Original assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Current assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Priority date: 2021-11-18
Filing date: 2021-11-18
Publication date: 2022-02-25
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-18
Also published as: CN114084767B

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator buffering monitoring device based on a steel wire rope unloading and variable resistance shock absorption structure. The transverse support and the vertical support form a frame structure, an external moving object is arranged in the frame structure and can move, two ends of the external moving object are fixedly connected with two ends of a steel wire rope, the steel wire rope passes through a plurality of fixed pulleys arranged on the frame structure in a winding mode, and unloading and variable-resistance shock-reducing structures are arranged at the steel wire rope passing positions at the two ends of the external moving object; the device comprises a fixed module and a movable module, wherein the movable module is sleeved in the fixed module and slides relatively, the fixed module and the movable module are respectively provided with an electromagnet, and the movable module is provided with a movable pulley; an external object contacts and pushes the movable module to move relative to the fixed module, and the movable module is driven to move in a variable resistance mode to achieve unloading of the steel wire rope and variable resistance shock absorption; when the external object is not in contact with the moving module, the tensioning of the steel wire rope is realized. The invention has the functions of variable resistance shock absorption, unloading, double unloading, rebound prevention and automatic reset.

Description

Elevator buffering monitoring devices based on wire rope uninstallation and resistance-variable shock attenuation structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to an elevator buffer monitoring device, in particular to an elevator buffer monitoring device based on steel wire rope unloading and variable resistance shock absorption structures.

Background

In the field of transmission, common transmission methods include screw transmission, sprocket transmission, wire rope transmission, belt transmission and the like. Among them, the wire rope transmission is widely used in the occasions of large load and long stroke, such as elevator lifting and crane load.

Taking elevator taking and landing as an example, in order to improve the safety of the elevator, a multiple steel wire scheme is often adopted in an elevator scheme and a complex electric control program is accompanied so as to prevent the elevator from falling when in failure.

However, the protection measures are not all the same, and the elevator falling accident still exists in China at present. More serious is that: once the elevator has a falling accident, the passengers face serious life hidden dangers.

At the same time, protective measures in the field are almost entirely focused on the preventive field, namely: how to prevent the elevator from falling; once the preventive measures are failed, if the elevator falls, how to protect passengers in the falling process is lacked in the field, and corresponding subsequent protection schemes are lacked.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, particularly aiming at the falling process of an elevator, the invention aims to provide an elevator buffering monitoring device based on a steel wire rope unloading and variable resistance shock absorption structure, which has multiple functions of shock absorption, unloading, rebound prevention and position detection, provides a soft variable resistance shock absorption buffering process and realizes the motion buffering of a heavy object.

In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the buffer device comprises a transverse support, a vertical support, fixed pulleys, an external moving object and an unloading and variable-resistance damping structure, wherein the transverse support and the vertical support are assembled to form a frame structure, the external moving object is arranged in the frame structure and can move, two ends of the external moving object are fixedly connected with two ends of a steel wire rope, the steel wire rope is wound through the fixed pulleys arranged on the frame structure, and the unloading and variable-resistance damping structure is arranged at the wound positions of the steel wire rope at two ends of the external moving object.

The steel wire rope winding and driving device is characterized by further comprising a motor, wherein the motor is arranged at one position of the frame structure, a driving pulley is synchronously installed on an output shaft of the motor, a steel wire rope winds around the driving pulley, the motor rotates to drive the steel wire rope to move, and then an external moving object is driven to move in the frame structure.

The unloading and variable-resistance shock absorption structure comprises a fixed module and a movable module, wherein the movable module is movably sleeved on the fixed module, one end of the movable module is connected with a steel wire rope, the other end of the movable module is suspended or impacted and extruded by an external object, and the external object is contacted with and pushes the movable module to move relative to the fixed module, so that the movable module is driven to move in a variable-resistance manner, the unloading of the steel wire rope is realized, and the variable-resistance shock absorption is further realized; when the external object is not in contact with the moving module, the tensioning of the steel wire rope is realized.

The fixed module comprises two direct current power supplies, a fixed electromagnet and two groups of conducting plate groups; the fixed electromagnet comprises a fixed sleeve and a fixed conductive coil, and the fixed conductive coil is wound on the fixed sleeve; the two groups of conducting plate groups are arranged in parallel and closely, and each group of conducting plate group is formed by two conducting plates which are arranged in parallel, are opposite and are arranged at intervals; two ends of the fixed conductive coil are respectively connected to two conductive plates in one group of conductive plate groups, and a direct current power supply is connected in series between one end of the fixed conductive coil and the conductive plate;

the moving module comprises a sliding rod, a movable pulley, a resistance component and a moving electromagnet; one end of the sliding rod is movably arranged through the fixing sleeve and then provided with a movable electromagnet, the middle part of the sliding rod is positioned between two current conducting plates of two current conducting plate groups of the fixing module, an annular resistance assembly is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the sliding rod, two sides of the resistance assembly are respectively and electrically connected to the two current conducting plates of at least one group of the current conducting plate groups to enable the two current conducting plates to be conducted, the other end of the sliding rod is hinged with a movable pulley, and a steel wire rope passes around the movable pulley;

the movable electromagnet comprises a circular ring sleeve and a movable conductive coil, the circular ring sleeve is fixed at the end part of the sliding rod movably penetrating through the fixed sleeve, and the movable conductive coil is wound on the circular ring sleeve; two ends of the movable conductive coil are respectively connected to two conductive plates in the other conductive plate group, and another direct current power supply is connected in series between one end of the movable conductive coil and the conductive plates.

The directions of the magnetic fields generated after the fixed conductive coil and the movable conductive coil are electrified are opposite.

The spiral winding directions of the fixed conductive coil and the movable conductive coil are the same, and the current directions are opposite.

The conducting plate group connected with the movable conducting coil is arranged closer to the steel wire rope and the movable pulley than the conducting plate group connected with the fixed conducting coil.

The resistance assembly is composed of a plurality of resistance plates, the resistance plates are fixedly sleeved on the sliding rod at intervals, and two sides of at least one resistance plate in the resistance assembly are respectively and electrically connected to two conductive plates of a group of conductive plate groups connected with the fixed conductive coils, so that the two conductive plates are conducted.

The length of the whole resistance plates along the axial direction of the sliding rod is greater than the length of the two conductive plates of the group of conductive plate groups along the axial direction of the sliding rod, and is less than the sum of twice of the length of the two conductive plates of the group of conductive plate groups along the axial direction of the sliding rod and the clearance between the two groups of conductive plates.

The sliding rod movably penetrates through the fixed sleeve to move axially to drive the resistor components fixed on the sliding rod to move synchronously, the number of the resistor plates connected and conducted between the two current conducting plates in the two groups of current conducting plate groups is adjusted, namely, the resistance value of the resistor components connected and conducted between the two current conducting plates in the two groups of current conducting plate groups is adjusted, further, the conduction current generated by the fixed conductive coil and the movable conductive coil is adjusted, namely, the magnetic field generated by the fixed conductive coil and the movable conductive coil is adjusted, and the mutual resistance-variable repulsion motion between the fixed module and the movable module is realized.

The unloading and variable-resistance shock absorption structure is characterized by further comprising position detection mechanisms, wherein the position detection mechanisms are uniformly arranged on one side of the frame structure close to the unloading and variable-resistance shock absorption structure and comprise a fixed bottom plate, a parallel light emitter, a plane reflector, an arc-surface reflector and a light sensing ruler; when the external moving object moves to be close to the position detection mechanism, the external moving object impacts the ring sleeve of the unloading and variable resistance shock absorption structure, and meanwhile, light rays emitted by the parallel light emitter are reflected by the plane reflector and the cambered surface reflector in sequence and then enter the light ray induction ruler to be inducted and detected.

The method has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the elevator can realize variable resistance shock absorption in the falling process, prevent severe impact and prevent rebound after impact;

(2) in the damping process, the steel wire rope is unloaded at the same time;

(3) an amplification type position detection scheme is designed, and high-sensitivity triggering of models is achieved.

The invention has the functions of variable resistance shock absorption, unloading, double unloading, rebound prevention and automatic resetting.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall external view of the unloading and resistance varying shock absorbing structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the unloading and variable resistance shock absorbing structure;

FIG. 3 is a fixed module patterning;

FIG. 4 is a top view of the stationary module;

FIG. 5 is a view of the structure of a fixed electromagnet;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the movable module;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the unloading and variable resistance shock absorbing structure just beginning at the limit of tensioning the cable;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the unloading and variable resistance seismic mitigation structure with the maximum resistance when the steel wire rope is released;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the unloading and variable resistance shock absorbing structure with the slackened wire rope in a reduced resistance state;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the unloading and variable resistance shock absorbing structure with the relaxed steel cable in a stable and no-bounce state;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the unloading and variable resistance shock absorbing structure returning to the limit of tensioning the cable;

FIG. 12 is a view showing a structure of a position detecting mechanism;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of position detection;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a wireline unloading;

fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of position detection.

In the figure: 1 unloading and variable resistance shock absorption structure, 2 fixed module, 3 moving module, 4 DC power supply, 5 fixed electromagnet, 6 conductive plate, 7 buckle support, 8 fixed sleeve, 9 fixed conductive coil, 10 sliding rod, 11 movable pulley, 12 pulley baffle, 13 resistance plate, 14 moving electromagnet, 15 ring sleeve, 16 moving conductive coil, 17 steel wire rope, 18 external metal plate, 19 horizontal support, 20 vertical support, 21 motor, 22 fixed pulley, 23 external moving object, 24 fixed bottom plate, 25 parallel light emitter, 26 plane reflector, 27 cambered surface reflector, 28 light sensing ruler, 29 position detection mechanism.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 14, the damping device includes a horizontal bracket 19, a vertical bracket 20, an unloading and variable resistance damping structure, fixed pulleys 22 and an external moving object 23, the horizontal bracket 19 and the vertical bracket 20 form a frame structure, the external moving object 23 is disposed in the frame structure and is movable, two ends of the external moving object 23 are fixedly connected to two ends of the steel wire rope 17, the frame structure is provided with a plurality of fixed pulleys 22, the steel wire rope 17 passes around the fixed pulleys 22 disposed on the frame structure, and the unloading and variable resistance damping structure is disposed at a position where the steel wire rope 17 at two ends of the external moving object 23 passes around. The external moving object 23 is an elevator cage.

As shown in fig. 15, the device further includes a motor 21, the motor 21 is disposed at one position of the frame structure, a driving pulley is synchronously installed on an output shaft of the motor 21, the steel wire rope 17 is wound around the driving pulley, and the motor 21 rotates to drive the steel wire rope 17 to move, thereby driving the external moving object 23 to move in the frame structure.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the unloading and variable-resistance shock absorption structure 1 comprises a fixed module 2 and a movable module 3, wherein the movable module 3 is movably sleeved on the fixed module 2, one end of the movable module 3 is connected with a steel wire rope 17, and the other end of the movable module is suspended or receives the impact and extrusion of an external object; an external object contacts and pushes the movable module 3 to move relative to the fixed module 2, so that the movable module 3 is driven to move in a resistance-variable mode, unloading of the steel wire rope is achieved, and damping in a resistance-variable mode is achieved; when the external object does not contact the moving module 3, the tensioning of the steel wire rope is realized.

Specifically, when the external object does not contact the moving module 3, the movable pulley tensions the steel wire rope; when the external object impacts and drives the mobile module 3 to slide, the movable pulley unloads the steel wire rope, and the sliding process is also a variable resistance shock absorption process.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the fixed module 2 includes two dc power supplies 4, a fixed electromagnet 5, and two sets of conductive plate groups; as shown in fig. 5, the fixed electromagnet 5 includes a fixed sleeve 8 and a fixed conductive coil 9, the fixed sleeve 8 is fixed, and the fixed conductive coil 9 is spirally wound on the fixed sleeve 8; the two groups of conducting plate groups are arranged in parallel and closely, each group of conducting plate group is formed by two conducting plates 6 which are arranged in parallel, oppositely and at intervals, connecting lines between the two conducting plates 6 of the two groups of conducting plates are the same, and the conducting plates 6 are fixed on the buckle bracket 7; two ends of the fixed conductive coil 9 are respectively connected to two conductive plates 6 in a group of conductive plate groups, and a direct current power supply 4 is connected in series between one end of the fixed conductive coil 9 and the connected conductive plates 6.

The number of the conductive plates 6 is four, and the conductive plates are respectively fixed in the buckle bracket 7. The 4 current-conducting plates are divided into two groups, two current-conducting plates in each group are installed in a mutually facing mode, the first current-conducting plate in each group is connected with one electrode of the direct-current power supply, and the other current-conducting plate is connected with the electromagnetic coil and then communicated with the other electrode of the direct-current power supply.

As shown in fig. 6, the moving module 3 includes a sliding rod 10, a movable pulley 11, a resistance assembly, and a moving electromagnet 14; the sliding rod 10 is movably arranged through the fixing sleeve 8, a movable electromagnet 14 is arranged at one end of the sliding rod 10 after movably penetrating through the fixing sleeve 8, the middle part of the sliding rod 10 is positioned between two current-conducting plates 6 of two groups of current-conducting plates of the fixed module 2, a square annular resistance assembly is fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the sliding rod 10 and positioned between the two current-conducting plates 6 of the two groups of current-conducting plates, two sides of the resistance assembly are respectively and electrically connected to the two current-conducting plates 6 of at least one group of current-conducting plates to enable the two current-conducting plates 6 to be communicated, a movable pulley 11 is hinged to the other end of the sliding rod 10, a steel wire rope 17 winds around the movable pulley 11, and the side part of the movable pulley 11 is connected with a pulley baffle 12 for slipping fibers of the steel wire rope 17; the pulley baffle 12 is of an arc-shaped surface structure, and the starting plane of the arc-shaped surface is flush with the lower plane of the pulley groove.

The movable electromagnet 14 comprises a circular ring sleeve 15 and a movable conductive coil 16, the circular ring sleeve 15 is fixed at the end part of the sliding rod 10 movably penetrating through the fixed sleeve 8, the movable conductive coil 16 is spirally wound on the circular ring sleeve 15, and the circular ring sleeve 15 is used for connecting an external metal plate 18 of an external object; two ends of the moving conductive coil 16 are respectively connected to two conductive plates 6 in the other group of conductive plate groups, and another direct current power supply 4 is connected in series between one end of the moving conductive coil 16 and the connected conductive plate 6.

The fixed conductive coil 9 and the movable conductive coil 16 are wound spirally in the same direction, and the current directions are opposite. In specific implementation, the arrangement directions of the positive and negative electrodes of the two direct current power supplies 4 are opposite, so that the polarities of the electrodes respectively connected to one ends of the fixed conductive coil 9 and the movable conductive coil 16 are opposite, and further, the current directions of the fixed conductive coil 9 and the movable conductive coil 16 are opposite.

The external object is an external metal plate 18, and when the external object 18 is in collision contact, the external metal plate 18 and the circular sleeve 15 are in contact connection. The outer metal plate is an external object and may refer to a part of the elevator. Taking an elevator as an example, the device can be fixed at the bottom of a building and does not move along with the elevator, and only when the elevator falls, the external metal plate 18 can impact the device, so that the device plays a role in protection.

The set of conducting plates to which the moving conducting coil 16 is connected is arranged closer to the wire rope 17 and the movable sheave 11 than the set of conducting plates to which the stationary conducting coil 9 is connected.

The resistance assembly is composed of a plurality of resistance plates 13 which are concentrically arranged, the resistance plates 13 are fixedly sleeved on the sliding rod 10 at intervals, the resistance plates 13 are positioned between the two conductive plates 6 of the two groups of conductive plate groups, and two sides of at least one resistance plate 13 in the resistance assembly are respectively and electrically connected to the two conductive plates 6 of the group of conductive plate groups connected with the fixed conductive coil 9, so that the two conductive plates 6 are conducted with each other. Adjacent resistive plates 13 are insulated.

The length of the plurality of resistance plates 13 in the axial direction of the slide rod 10 is greater than the length of the two conductive plates 6 of one conductive plate group in the axial direction of the slide rod 10, and is less than the sum of twice the length of the two conductive plates 6 of one conductive plate group in the axial direction of the slide rod 10 and the gap between the two conductive plates 6.

The sliding rod 10 movably penetrates through the fixed sleeve 8 to move axially, so that the fixed resistance components on the sliding rod 10 are driven to move synchronously, the number of the resistance plates 13 connected and conducted between the two current conducting plates 6 in the two groups of current conducting plate groups is adjusted, namely, the resistance values of the resistance components connected and conducted between the two current conducting plates 6 in the two groups of current conducting plate groups are adjusted, further, the conduction currents generated in the fixed conductive coil 9 and the movable conductive coil 16 are adjusted, namely, the magnetic fields generated by the fixed conductive coil 9 and the movable conductive coil 16 are adjusted, and the mutual resistance-variable repulsion motion between the fixed module 2 and the movable module 3 is realized.

Therefore, when external impact occurs to drive the movable module to do the motion of loosening the steel wire rope, the resistance change is realized through the resistance change of the two electromagnets of the movable module and the fixed module, and the variable resistance shock absorption effect is realized. Meanwhile, the sliding of the mobile module realizes the unloading of the steel wire rope.

In specific implementation, the number of the resistor plates is 9, and the size and the resistance value of each resistor plate are equal. The length of the whole of the four resistance plates 13 in the axial direction of the sliding rod 10 is equal to the length of the two conductive plates 6 of one group of conductive plate groups in the axial direction of the sliding rod 10, and the interval length between the two groups of conductive plate groups in the axial direction of the sliding rod 10 is greater than the length of the whole of one resistance plate 13 in the axial direction of the sliding rod 10.

The fixed electromagnet 5 is formed by winding a fixed conductive coil 9 on a fixed sleeve 8, and a square through hole for a sliding rod 10 to pass through is designed at the center of the fixed sleeve 8. The fixed electromagnet 5 and the moving electromagnet 14 have the same coil winding direction and the opposite current direction.

The sliding rod 10 is made of insulating material and is shaped as a long square rod, and the size of the square cross section of the sliding rod is consistent with that of the square through hole in the center of the fixed sleeve 8. The middle part of the sliding rod 10 is provided with a grid-shaped structure, nine grid gaps are formed, and nine resistance plates are just installed in the size.

The two conductive plates in each set are spaced apart a vertical distance equal to the width of the resistive plates. The distance between the two groups of conducting plates is larger than the thickness of one resistor plate. The length of the conductive plate is equal to the sum of the thickness of the four resistor plates and the 3 grid gaps.

When the moving module is at the extreme position of tensioning the steel wire rope 17, only one resistance plate closest to the steel wire rope 17 is communicated with the conductive plate 6 connected with the moving conductive coil 16, and four resistance plates far away from one side of the steel wire rope 17 are communicated with the conductive plate connected with the fixed conductive coil 9;

when the movable module is at the limit position for unloading and loosening the steel wire rope 17, only four resistance plates close to the steel wire rope 17 are communicated with the conductive plate 6 connected with the movable conductive coil 16, and the resistance plate at one side far away from the steel wire rope 17 is communicated with the conductive plate connected with the fixed conductive coil 9. At this time, the fixed conductive coil 9 is not electrified and does not generate a magnetic field, and a repulsive force is not generated between the fixed conductive coil 9 and the moving conductive coil 16, so that the moving module does not bounce.

The installation mode of the unloading and variable-resistance shock absorption structure 1 is implemented as follows:

the fixed module 2 is used as a fixed end, and the movable module 3 is sleeved in the fixed module 2 for assembly.

The conductive plates 6 in the fixed module 2 have 4 blocks, which are respectively numbered as M/U/K/P (FIG. 4). Wherein the electromagnetic plate M and the electromagnetic plate P are symmetrically installed, M is connected to the negative electrode of the dc power supply 4, P is first connected to the conductive coil 16 of the movable electromagnet 14, and then connected to the positive electrode of the dc power supply 4 (fig. 7, 4); the electromagnetic plate U is symmetrically mounted with the electromagnetic plate K, U is connected to the positive pole of the dc power supply 4, and K is first connected to the conductive coil 9 of the stationary electromagnet 5 and then to the negative pole of the dc power supply 4 (fig. 7, 4). The snap bracket 7 is used to fix the conductive plate 6 (fig. 4).

In the mobile module 3, two ends of a sliding rod 10 are respectively locked with a mobile electromagnet 14 and a movable pulley 11 (fig. 6), and 9 resistance plates 13 (fig. 6) are installed at the middle position of the sliding rod 10 at intervals. The movable module 3 is installed on the symmetrical center of the fixed module 2. specifically, the sliding rod 10 of the movable module 3 is sleeved in the square hole of the fixed sleeve 8 of the fixed electromagnet 5 of the fixed module 2, and the movable module 3 can slide relative to the fixed module 2.

In particular, the fixed electromagnet 5 is formed by winding an electrically conductive coil 9 around a fixed sleeve 8, wherein the fixed sleeve 8 is centrally provided with a square through hole (fig. 3) which functions as a "sliding bush" and inside which a sliding rod 10 of the mobile module 3 is mounted so as to be able to pass through and allow the sliding rod 10 to slide in the square hole.

In particular, the middle part of the sliding rod 10 is in a grid shape, and the functions are as follows: and (3) fixedly mounting 9 resistive plates 13 (figure 6).

In particular, the sliding rod 10 is rigid and insulated, and the section of the sliding rod is square, and the size of the section (excluding the section of the grid) is equal to the size of the square through hole of the fixed sleeve 8, so that the sliding rod 10 is prevented from rotating, and the sliding rod 10 can slide in the square hole of the fixed sleeve 8.

In particular, the distance between the conductive plate M and the conductive plate P is equal to the width of the resistive plate 13; the distance between the conductive plate U and the conductive plate K is equal to the width of the resistive plate 13, so that the resistive plate 13 can just slide between the two sets of conductive plates along with the sliding of the movable module 3, and the conductive plates M and P are communicated in the sliding process or the conductive plates U and K are communicated.

In particular, the spacing between the two sets of conductive plates (i.e., the spacing between M and U, or the spacing between K and P) (fig. 7) is smaller than the thickness of the single resistive plate 13, thereby preventing the two sets of conductive plates from being simultaneously connected to the same resistive plate 13 and causing circuit disorder.

In particular, the length of each conductive plate 6 is equal to the sum of the thickness of the 4 resistive plates 13 and the 3 grid spacings, thus ensuring that at most 4 resistive plates 13 can be connected to the same set of conductive plates 6 at the same time.

In particular, when the mobile module 3 is in the right extreme position (fig. 7), only one resistive plate 13 connects the conductive plate M with the conductive plate P; in this case, 4 resistive plates 13 communicate between the conductive plate U and the conductive plate K.

In particular, when the mobile module 3 is in the left extreme position (fig. 10), the mobile electromagnet 14 is in contact with the fixed electromagnet 5, with 4 resistive plates 13 communicating between the conductive plate M and the conductive plate P, and with no resistive plate 13 between the conductive plate U and the conductive plate K (fig. 10).

Specifically, the coil winding directions of the fixed electromagnet 5 and the moving electromagnet 14 are the same, but the current directions are opposite. The beneficial effect of this kind of design is: when the two coils are electrified, the directions of the magnetic poles between the two electromagnets are opposite, and repulsive force is generated between the two electromagnets.

In particular, one pulley blind 12 is associated with each pulley (fig. 6). The pulley baffle is the arcwall face structure, and the originated plane of arcwall face flushes with the lower plane of pulley recess, and the effect of this kind of design is: when the wire rope 17 is loosened, the wire rope does not completely come out of the effective range of the sheave groove. When the steel cable 17 is tensioned again, the steel cable can be automatically clamped into the groove of the pulley without manual adjustment.

The variable resistance damping principle process:

in the initial position (fig. 7), 1 resistance plate 13 is connected with the conducting plates M and P, and the moving electromagnet 14 forms a loop and generates magnetic force; meanwhile, 4 resistance plates 13 are communicated with the conducting plates U and K, and the fixed electromagnet 5 forms a loop and generates magnetic force; the moving electromagnet 14 and the fixed electromagnet 5 have opposite current directions, and thus a repulsive force is generated therebetween. Under the action of the repulsive force, the moving electromagnet 14 drives the entire moving module 2 to slide to the right to the extreme position, and in particular the moving pulley 11 moves to the right to the extreme position (fig. 7). At this time, the wire rope 17 is tensioned by the movable sheave 11 (fig. 7), and at this time, the wire rope is in a normal driving state.

When the outer metal plate 18 (e.g., the outer frame of the elevator car) rapidly strikes the outer end face of the moving electromagnet 14, the moving electromagnet 14 receives the impact and starts moving to the left; meanwhile, the sliding rod 10 drives the movable pulley 11 to move left, and after the movable pulley 11 moves left, the steel wire rope 17 is loosened, so that the tensioning effect is lost, and the unloading is realized (fig. 8).

In the above impact process, three stages are divided:

in the first stage, the slide bar 10 is moved to the left, the number of the resistive plates 13 connecting the conductive plates U and K is maintained at 4, and the number of the resistive plates 13 connecting the conductive plates M and P is increased from 1 at the initial position to 4. Therefore, in the first stage, the resistance of the fixed electromagnet 5 is unchanged, the current is unchanged, and the magnetic force is unchanged; the resistance of the moving electromagnet 14 decreases, the current increases, and the magnetic force increases; so that the repulsive force between the fixed electromagnet 5 and the moving electromagnet 14 increases (fig. 7 to 8).

In the second stage, the slide bar 10 moves left, the resistance plates 13 connecting the conductive plates U and K are reduced from 4 to 1, and the resistance plates connecting the conductive plates M and P are kept at 4; in the second stage, the resistance of the moving electromagnet 14 is unchanged, the current is unchanged, and the magnetic force is unchanged; the resistance of the fixed electromagnet 5 is increased, the current is reduced, and the magnetic force is reduced; therefore, in the second stage, the repulsive force between the fixed electromagnet 5 and the moving electromagnet 14 is reduced (fig. 8 to 9).

In the third stage, the sliding rod 10 continues to move to the left limit position, the resistance plate 13 is completely separated from the current conducting plate U and the current conducting plate K, and at the moment, the coil of the fixed electromagnet 5 loses current and loses magnetic force; the resistance plate 13 connecting the electromagnetic plate M and the electromagnetic plate P is maintained at 4 pieces, and the resistance, the current, and the magnetic force of the moving electromagnet 14 are unchanged. At this time, no magnetic force acts between the moving electromagnet 14 and the fixed electromagnet 5. The moving module 2 can therefore be stopped in the left extreme position (fig. 10).

The above process is the shock absorption process after the unloading and variable resistance shock absorption structure is impacted by the external metal plate 18, in the process, the shock absorption force is firstly increased, then decreased and finally decreased to zero, thereby realizing the variable resistance shock absorption that the resistance of the external object is firstly increased and then decreased to zero, and no rebound occurs; and the steel wire rope for transmission cuts off the driving force because of loosening, thereby avoiding secondary loading.

When the external fault is cleared, the external moving object 23 is reset, and the external metal plate 18 is reset accordingly. At the moment of the reset starting, the moving electromagnet 14 is in an energized state and thus has a magnetic action (fig. 10), which causes an electromagnetic attraction force to exist between the moving electromagnet 14 and the external metal plate 18, so that under the action of the magnetic force, the moving electromagnet 18 moves to the right along with the moving electromagnet, and the whole moving module 3 is driven to move to the right (fig. 11). In the process of continuing moving to the right, the fixed electromagnet 2 restores the current conduction state and the magnetic force; and the repulsion force is recovered between the movable electromagnet 14 and the fixed electromagnet 5, and the repulsion force aggravates the right movement reset of the movable electromagnet 14, so that the movable module 3 is finally moved to the limit position to the right. At this time, the movable sheave 11 again exerts a tension effect on the wire rope 17 to recover the driving ability (fig. 11).

In particular, all the above processes achieve special beneficial effects: when an external object breaks down, the unloading and variable-resistance shock absorption structure 1 realizes a variable-resistance shock absorption process that the repulsive force is increased firstly and then reduced to zero; when the speed is reduced to zero, the system does not generate rebound action; in the process of impact buffering, the unloading of the driving force of the steel wire rope is realized through the action of the movable pulley; when the fault is discharged, the system can automatically reset to the tensioning effect of the steel wire rope; the pulley baffle 12 can prevent the steel wire rope from separating from the effective range of the pulley when the steel wire rope is loosened, and the steel wire rope can automatically reset into the groove of the pulley when the steel wire rope is reset subsequently.

As shown in fig. 14, a position detection mechanism 29 is further included, and the position detection mechanism 29 is disposed on the side of the frame structure to which the external moving object 23 near the unloading and resistance-varying seismic structure can move.

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, the position detection mechanism 29 includes a fixed base plate 24, a parallel light emitter 25, a plane reflector 26, an arc reflector 27, and a light sensing ruler 28, the fixed base plate 24 is disposed on one side of the frame structure, the fixed base plate 24 is located on the side of the moving range of the external moving object 23, the parallel light emitter 25, the arc reflector 27, and the light sensing ruler 28 are disposed on the fixed base plate 24, and the plane reflector 26 is fixed to the side of the external moving object 23 facing the fixed base plate 24; the parallel light emitter 25 is installed on the fixed base plate 24 and forms an angle with the length direction of the fixed base plate 24 in the horizontal plane. Preferably, the included angle is 45 degrees.

As shown in fig. 16, when the external moving object 23 moves to approach the position detection mechanism 29, the external moving object 23 hits the circular sleeve 15 of the unloading and resistance-changing shock absorption structure, and the light emitted from the parallel light emitter 25 is reflected by the plane reflector 26 and the curved reflector 27 in sequence and then enters the light sensing ruler 28 to be sensed and detected. Thus, after parallel light emitted by the light emitter irradiates the plane reflector, the distribution length of the light on the plane reflector is equal to the length of the plane mirror.

Therefore, the position detection mechanism detects the instant position of the external object impacting the movable electromagnet, the signal is sent to the control system, the external main power is cut off, and double unloading is achieved.

The position detection mechanism 29 is mounted as follows:

the mounting plate 24 is a mounting plate that is secured to the equipment rack. The parallel light emitter 25 is mounted on the fixing plate 24 and forms an angle with the length direction of the fixing plate 24 in the horizontal plane (fig. 12); the curved reflector 27 and the light sensing ruler 28 are locked on the fixing plate 24. The plane reflector 26 is mounted on the external moving object 23 and is in the same plane as the parallel light emitters 25.

Specifically, the trigger position of the position detection mechanism 29 is set to coincide with the above-described starting position when the outer metal plate 18 of the external object 23 strikes the moving electromagnet 14 (fig. 8). The purpose of this design is: the moment the unloading and variable resistance shock absorbing structure is active, the position detection mechanism triggers a signal. The signal can be transmitted to a control system, so that the total power can be cut off conveniently, and the unloading function of the motor is realized.

The working principle and the process of the position detection mechanism are as follows:

as shown in fig. 13, the parallel light emitter 25, the curved reflector 27, and the light sensing ruler 28 are all mounted on the fixed base plate 24. The planar emitter 26 is installed at the side of the external moving object 23 (fig. 16) and moves along with the external moving object 23.

When the plane reflector 26 moves to a preset signal trigger position, the parallel light beam emitted by the parallel light emitter 25 irradiates on the plane reflector 26 to perform first reflection; the reflected light rays irradiate the curved reflector 27 to be reflected for the second time; the reflected light is irradiated onto the light sensing ruler 28. The light sensing ruler 28 can identify the distribution length L1 (fig. 13) of the light on the sensing ruler, which is the trigger signal. When in use

When the plane reflector 26 is at other positions, the light emitted by the parallel light emitter 25 does not irradiate on the plane reflector 26; or a part of the light rays are irradiated to the plane reflector 26 to be reflected, and the other part of the light rays are irradiated from the side surface of the plane reflector 26 to be not reflected. In the case of partial reflection of the light, after the light reflected twice is irradiated onto the light sensing ruler 28, the distribution length of the light on the sensing ruler is L2. By comparing the data of L1 and L2, the offset direction and the offset amount of the external object can be converted (FIG. 13).

In particular, the length of the planar reflector 26 is preselected, with the following requirements: in the optimum triggering position, the parallel light emitted by the light emitter 25 is distributed over the flat reflector over a length which is exactly equal to the length of the flat reflector.

Particularly, the light ray adopts a curved reflector during the second reflection, so that the diffusion angle of the reflected light ray can be enlarged, and the detection precision is improved.

This enables the position detection means 29 to: when detecting that an external object is at a signal triggering position, transmitting a signal to a control system, and stopping an external power device by the control system; and when the external object is not at the signal trigger position, detecting the offset of the external object.

Fig. 7 to 16 show a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

The specific implementation working process of the invention is as follows:

as shown in fig. 14, the horizontal bracket 19 and the vertical bracket 20 constitute a system frame structure, and a fixed pulley is installed on the frame structure, and a wire rope is connected to an external moving object 23 around the fixed pulley. The motor 21 is an external power device and is arranged on the frame, and a motor shaft drives the steel wire rope through a pulley. The unloading and resistance-varying seismic mitigation structure is mounted on the vertical support 20 and is connected into the wire rope drive system through a tensioning angle. The position detection mechanism 29 is mounted at a side position of the external moving object and locked to the horizontal bracket. Specifically, the plane reflector 26 of the position detection mechanism 29 is locked to the side of the external moving object.

(1) In the initial state, the steel cord 17 is tensioned.

At this time, when the moving module is at the extreme position of tensioning the steel wire rope 17, two sides of at least one resistance plate 13 in the resistance assembly are respectively and electrically connected to two conductive plates 6 of a group of conductive plate groups connected with the fixed conductive coil 9, so that the two conductive plates 6 are conducted. I.e. only the one plate closest to the wire rope 17 is now connected to the conductive plate 6 to which the moving conductive coil 16 is connected.

(2) The motor 21 then drives the movement of the wire rope and thereby the external object 23.

When the system fails and other protective functions fail, the foreign object 23 may impact the unloading and variable resistance shock absorbing structure 1 under power or inertial force.

(3) At the moment of collision, the external metal plate 18 of the external object 23 comes into contact with the side end face of the moving electromagnet of the unloading and variable resistance damping structure 1 first (fig. 7), and the unloading and variable resistance damping structure starts to function. After the movable electromagnet 14 is impacted, the movable electromagnet starts to move leftwards, the movable pulley 11 arranged at the left end of the movable module 3 moves leftwards along with the movable electromagnet, after the movable pulley 11 moves leftwards, the steel wire rope loses the tensioning effect, the driving force is unloaded, and the external object 23 does not bear the driving force any more (fig. 8).

At the same time, in this instantaneous position, the planar reflector in the position detection means 29 is moved to a preset optimum signal position (fig. 16, 13), at which time a signal is sent to the control system. The control system cuts off power to the motor 21 (fig. 15) to achieve double unloading.

At this time, in the state of fig. 8, the respective energization currents of the fixed conductive coil 9 and the moving conductive coil 16 are maximum, and the repulsive force generated between the fixed conductive coil 9 and the moving conductive coil 16 is maximum, so that the resistance of the external object 23 at the position of the state at this time is maximum.

(4) In the process of moving the mobile module 3 to the left, the number of the resistance plates 13 for communicating the conductive plates M and P is gradually increased; the number of resistance plates 13 communicating the conductive plates U and K gradually decreases.

First, the state shown in fig. 9 is changed, the energizing current of the fixed conductive coil 9 is reduced, and the energizing current of the moving conductive coil 16 is constant, and the repulsive force generated between the fixed conductive coil 9 and the moving conductive coil 16 is gradually reduced.

Then, the state is changed to the state shown in fig. 10, the energizing current of the fixed conductive coil 9 is reduced to zero, and the energizing current of the moving conductive coil 16 is unchanged, because the fixed conductive coil 9 has no energizing current, the repulsive force between the fixed conductive coil 9 and the moving conductive coil 16 is no longer generated, the moving module cannot be driven to move, and the moving module cannot rebound.

The effect achieved thereby is that the repulsion force generated between the stationary electromagnet 5 and the moving electromagnet 14 increases first, then decreases and finally decreases to zero. Therefore, the shock absorption process of variable resistance is realized, and rebound is avoided.

(5) When the external fault is cleared, the external moving object 23 is reset, and the external metal plate 18 is reset accordingly. At the moment of the reset starting, the moving electromagnet 14 is in an energized state and thus has a magnetic action (fig. 10), which causes an electromagnetic attraction force to exist between the moving electromagnet 14 and the external metal plate 18, so that under the action of the magnetic force, the moving electromagnet 18 moves to the right along with the moving electromagnet, and the whole moving module 3 is driven to move to the right (fig. 11).

In the process of continuing moving to the right, the fixed electromagnet 2 restores the current conduction state and the magnetic force; and the repulsion force is recovered between the movable electromagnet 14 and the fixed electromagnet 5, and the repulsion force aggravates the right movement reset of the movable electromagnet 14, so that the movable module 3 is finally moved to the limit position to the right. At this time, the movable sheave 11 again exerts a tension effect on the wire rope 17 to recover the driving ability (fig. 11).

Claims

1. The utility model provides an elevator buffering monitoring devices based on wire rope uninstallation and varistor force shock attenuation structure which characterized in that: buffer includes lateral frame (19), erect support (20), fixed pulley (22), outside moving object (23) and uninstallation and variable resistance damping structure, lateral frame (19) and perpendicular support (20) are established and are constituted frame construction, outside moving object (23) are arranged in frame construction and portable, the both ends of outside moving object (23) both ends fixed connection wire rope (17), wire rope (17) are around a plurality of fixed pulley (22) that set up on the frame construction, arrange on wire rope (17) the warp position of outside moving object (23) both ends uninstallation and variable resistance damping structure.

2. The elevator buffering monitoring device based on steel wire rope unloading and variable resistance damping structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steel wire rope winding machine is characterized by further comprising a motor (21), the motor (21) is arranged at one position of the frame structure, a driving pulley is synchronously installed on an output shaft of the motor (21), a steel wire rope (17) winds around the driving pulley, the motor (21) rotates to drive the steel wire rope (17) to move, and then an external moving object (23) is driven to move in the frame structure.

3. The elevator buffering monitoring device based on steel wire rope unloading and variable-resistance shock absorption structure of claim 1, characterized in that: the unloading and variable-resistance shock absorption structure (1) comprises a fixed module (2) and a movable module (3), the movable module (3) is movably sleeved on the fixed module (2), one end of the movable module (3) is connected with a steel wire rope (17), the other end of the movable module is suspended or impacted and extruded by an external object, the external object is contacted with and pushes the movable module (3) to move relative to the fixed module (2), the movable module (3) is driven to move in a variable-resistance mode, the steel wire rope is unloaded, and variable-resistance shock absorption is achieved; when the external object does not contact the moving module (3), the tensioning of the steel wire rope is realized.

4. The elevator buffering monitoring device based on steel wire rope unloading and variable resistance damping structure of claim 3, characterized in that: the fixed module (2) comprises two direct current power supplies (4), a fixed electromagnet (5) and two groups of conducting plate groups; the fixed electromagnet (5) comprises a fixed sleeve (8) and a fixed conductive coil (9), and the fixed conductive coil (9) is wound on the fixed sleeve (8); the two groups of conducting plate groups are arranged in parallel and closely, and each group of conducting plate group is formed by two conducting plates (6) which are arranged in parallel, oppositely and at intervals; two ends of the fixed conductive coil (9) are respectively connected to two conductive plates (6) in a group of conductive plate groups, and a direct current power supply (4) is connected in series between one end of the fixed conductive coil (9) and the conductive plates (6);

the moving module (3) comprises a sliding rod (10), a movable pulley (11), a resistor assembly and a moving electromagnet (14); one end of a sliding rod (10) movably penetrates through a fixed sleeve (8) and is provided with a movable electromagnet (14), the middle part of the sliding rod (10) is positioned between two current conducting plates (6) of two groups of current conducting plates of a fixed module (2), the middle part of the sliding rod (10) is fixedly sleeved with an annular resistance component, two sides of the resistance component are respectively and electrically connected to the two current conducting plates (6) of at least one group of current conducting plates so as to conduct the two current conducting plates (6), the other end of the sliding rod (10) is hinged with a movable pulley (11), and a steel wire rope (17) is wound around the movable pulley (11);

the movable electromagnet (14) comprises an annular sleeve (15) and a movable conductive coil (16), the annular sleeve (15) is fixed at the end part of the sliding rod (10) movably penetrating through the fixed sleeve (8), and the movable conductive coil (16) is wound on the annular sleeve (15); two ends of the movable conductive coil (16) are respectively connected to two conductive plates (6) in the other group of conductive plate groups, and another direct current power supply (4) is connected in series between one end of the movable conductive coil (16) and the conductive plates (6).

5. The elevator buffering monitoring device based on steel wire rope unloading and variable-resistance shock absorption structure of claim 4, characterized in that: the directions of magnetic fields generated after the fixed conductive coil (9) and the movable conductive coil (16) are electrified are opposite; the spiral winding directions of the fixed conductive coil (9) and the movable conductive coil (16) are the same, and the current directions are opposite.

6. The elevator buffering monitoring device based on steel wire rope unloading and variable resistance damping structure of claim 4, wherein: and the conducting plate group connected with the movable conducting coil (16) is arranged closer to the steel wire rope (17) and the movable pulley (11) than the conducting plate group connected with the fixed conducting coil (9).

7. The elevator buffering monitoring device based on steel wire rope unloading and variable resistance damping structure of claim 4, wherein: the resistance assembly is composed of a plurality of resistance plates (13), the resistance plates (13) are fixedly sleeved on the sliding rod (10) at intervals, and two sides of at least one resistance plate (13) in the resistance assembly are respectively and electrically connected to two conductive plates (6) of a group of conductive plate groups connected with the fixed conductive coils (9), so that the two conductive plates (6) are mutually conducted.

8. The elevator buffering monitoring device based on steel wire rope unloading and variable resistance damping structure of claim 7, wherein: the length of the whole resistance plates (13) along the axial direction of the sliding rod (10) is greater than the length of the two conductive plates (6) of one group of conductive plate groups along the axial direction of the sliding rod (10), and is less than the sum of the two times of the length of the two conductive plates (6) of one group of conductive plate groups along the axial direction of the sliding rod (10) and the gap between the two groups of conductive plates (6).

9. The elevator buffering monitoring device based on steel wire rope unloading and variable-resistance shock absorption structure of claim 5, characterized in that:

the sliding rod (10) movably penetrates through the fixed sleeve (8) to move axially, so that the fixed resistor assembly on the sliding rod (10) is driven to move synchronously, the number of the resistor plates (13) which are connected and conducted between the two current conducting plates (6) in the two groups of current conducting plate groups is adjusted, namely, the resistance of the resistor assembly which is connected and conducted between the two current conducting plates (6) in the two groups of current conducting plate groups is adjusted, and further, the conduction current generated in the fixed conductive coil (9) and the movable conductive coil (16) is adjusted, namely, the magnetic fields generated by the fixed conductive coil (9) and the movable conductive coil (16) are adjusted, and the mutual variable resistance repulsion motion between the fixed module (2) and the movable module (3) is realized.

10. The elevator buffer monitoring device based on steel wire rope unloading and variable resistance damping structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: the unloading and resistance-changing shock-absorbing structure is characterized by further comprising position detection mechanisms (29), wherein the position detection mechanisms (29) are uniformly arranged on one side of a frame structure close to the unloading and resistance-changing shock-absorbing structure, each position detection mechanism (29) comprises a fixed bottom plate (24), a parallel light emitter (25), a plane reflector (26), an arc reflector (27) and a light sensing ruler (28), the fixed bottom plate (24) is arranged on one side of the frame structure, the parallel light emitter (25), the arc reflector (27) and the light sensing ruler (28) are arranged on the fixed bottom plate (24), and the plane reflector (26) is fixed on the side surface, facing the fixed bottom plate (24), of the external moving object (23); when the external moving object (23) moves to the position approaching detection mechanism (29), the external moving object (23) impacts the circular ring sleeve (15) of the unloading and variable resistance shock absorption structure, and meanwhile, light rays emitted by the parallel light emitter (25) are reflected by the plane reflector (26) and the cambered reflector (27) in sequence and then enter the light ray sensing ruler (28) to be sensed and detected.