CN114084302A - Fixed foundation of offshore wind turbine, offshore wind turbine device and transportation and installation method of offshore wind turbine complete machine - Google Patents
Fixed foundation of offshore wind turbine, offshore wind turbine device and transportation and installation method of offshore wind turbine complete machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN114084302A CN114084302A CN202010857769.0A CN202010857769A CN114084302A CN 114084302 A CN114084302 A CN 114084302A CN 202010857769 A CN202010857769 A CN 202010857769A CN 114084302 A CN114084302 A CN 114084302A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B75/00—Building or assembling floating offshore structures, e.g. semi-submersible platforms, SPAR platforms or wind turbine platforms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a fixed foundation of an offshore wind turbine, an offshore wind turbine device and a transportation and installation method of an offshore wind turbine complete machine. This fixed basis of offshore wind turbine is including sitting end module, sits end module and includes first gravity piece and second gravity piece. The first gravity block comprises a first shell, a first cavity and a second cavity, wherein the first cavity and the second cavity are formed in the first shell. The second gravity block includes a second housing and a third cavity formed in the second housing. The second gravity block can be embedded in the second cavity of the first gravity block, and can move up and down in the second cavity when the second gravity block and the first gravity block are not completely installed. The first and third cavities may be filled with a filler, and the first and third cavities may provide buoyancy to the first and second gravity blocks, respectively, prior to filling and may provide gravity to the first and second gravity blocks, respectively, after filling. Thus, the transportation can be realized by means of the buoyancy of the ship without a large transportation ship.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of wind power, in particular to a fixed foundation of an offshore wind turbine, an offshore wind turbine device and a transportation and installation method of an offshore wind turbine complete machine.
Background
With international emphasis on low-carbon emission, the wind power generation industry is rapidly developing. The offshore wind power generation system has abundant wind resources on the sea, and the offshore wind speed is relatively stable and is slightly influenced by the terrain, so that a great amount of resources are invested in various countries to develop offshore wind power generation technologies. China has wide coastlines and the natural conditions for offshore wind power development are superior. In recent years, the development scale of offshore wind power in China has jumped the top of the world. The cost of offshore wind power is significantly increased relative to onshore wind power. Therefore, the long-term development of offshore wind power has to face the problem of cost reduction.
The offshore wind turbine has shallow water depth of basically 50m, so that the fixed wind turbine is the mainstream of offshore wind turbines in China. The forms of the offshore fixed type wind turbine foundation include single-pile, gravity type, multi-leg frame type, high-pile cap, jacket and the like, wherein the single-pile foundation is low in cost and relatively mature in application, but the single-pile foundation cannot be applied to larger water depth. As water depths increase, such as greater than 30m, lower cost mono-pile and gravity based wind turbines are increasingly limited in application.
The foundation, the tower barrel, the engine room, the blades and the like of the early offshore fixed wind turbine need to be independently transported to a machine site through a transport ship, and then installation is completed through a large-scale hoisting ship. However, transportation and installation costs are high and efficiency is low.
Therefore, at present, the offshore fixed type fan is usually installed after being transported to a machine site in a modularized mode. However, this method requires a special transport installation vessel or platform, and as the capacity of the fan unit increases, the transport vessel size and the lifting capacity need to be increased, and therefore, the cost of this method is high. In addition, the method is assembled on the sea, has high difficulty and low efficiency, is very sensitive to the marine environment and has a small construction window.
In addition, the offshore fixed type wind turbine can also be transported integrally through a semi-submersible ship. However, the method has high requirements on the semi-submersible transport ship, and needs a special design and a hooping device for supporting the fan.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a fixed foundation of an offshore wind turbine, an offshore wind turbine device and a transportation and installation method of an offshore wind turbine complete machine, which can realize transportation through the buoyancy of the foundation without a large transportation ship, and achieve the purpose of reducing the cost.
One aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides an offshore wind turbine fixed foundation. The fixed basis of offshore wind turbine is including sitting the end module, sit the end module and include first gravity piece and second gravity piece. The first gravity block comprises a first housing and a first cavity and a second cavity formed in the first housing. The second weight block includes a second housing and a third cavity formed in the second housing. Wherein the second gravity block can be embedded in the second cavity of the first gravity block, and can move up and down in the second cavity when the second gravity block and the first gravity block are not completely installed, and the first cavity and the third cavity can be filled with filler, and the first cavity and the third cavity can respectively provide buoyancy for the first gravity block and the second gravity block before filling, and can respectively provide gravity for the first gravity block and the second gravity block after filling.
Another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention also provides an offshore wind turbine device. The offshore wind turbine device comprises the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation and a wind turbine upper structure arranged on the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation, wherein the wind turbine upper structure comprises a tower and a wind turbine arranged on the tower.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a transportation and installation method of the offshore wind turbine complete machine. The method comprises the following steps: the bottom module of the fixed foundation of the offshore wind turbine floats on the water surface by means of self buoyancy, wherein the bottom module comprises a first gravity block with a first cavity and a second gravity block with a third cavity, and the second gravity block can be movably embedded in the second cavity of the first gravity block up and down; connecting the single pile with the second gravity block on the shore; hoisting the upper structure of the fan on the single pile to form a whole fan; and dragging the whole fan to a designated fan site through a tugboat.
According to one or more embodiments of the invention, the fan device can be integrally installed in ports and docks, so that the integral towing of the fan device is realized without the aid of large transport ships and offshore hoisting ships, and the installation and transportation cost can be reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an offshore wind turbine stationary foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention, shown floating on the water surface after installation;
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a first gravity block of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a second gravity block of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first gravity block of one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a side schematic view of the bolster shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second gravity block in accordance with one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is an overall schematic view of an offshore wind turbine assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention during transport after the assembly;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of the circled portion shown in FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an offshore wind turbine assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention filling a first cavity of a first gravity block with a filler;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an offshore wind turbine assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention with a filler poured into a third cavity of a second gravity block;
FIG. 11 is a general schematic view of a fully bottomed offshore wind turbine installation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a first gravity block according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 13 is a general schematic view of a fully seated offshore wind turbine installation according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a first gravity block of yet another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 15 is a general schematic view of a fully seated offshore wind turbine installation with yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a partial flow chart of a method of transporting and installing an offshore wind turbine installation according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 17 is another partial flowchart of a method for transporting and installing the offshore wind turbine complete unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus consistent with certain aspects of the invention, as detailed in the appended claims.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present invention should have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the description and in the claims does not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one. "plurality" or "a number" means two or more. Unless otherwise indicated, "front", "rear", "lower" and/or "upper" and the like are for convenience of description and are not limited to one position or one spatial orientation. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed as preceding "comprising" or "includes" covers the element or item listed as following "comprising" or "includes" and its equivalents, and does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of the present invention of a stationary offshore wind turbine foundation 10 floating on the water surface after installation. As shown in fig. 1, the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a submersible module including a first gravity block 11 and a second gravity block 12.
Fig. 2 and 4 disclose schematic views of a first gravity block 11 according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein fig. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the first gravity block 11, and fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first gravity block 11. As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the first weight block 11 includes a first housing 110, and a first cavity 111 and a second cavity 112 formed in the first housing 110.
Fig. 3 and 6 disclose schematic views of the second gravity block 12 according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein fig. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the second gravity block 12, and fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second gravity block 12. As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the second weight block 12 includes a second housing 120 and a third cavity 121 formed in the second housing 120.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4 and 6 with reference to fig. 1, the second weight block 12 may be inserted into the second cavity 112 of the first weight block 11, and the second weight block 12 may move up and down in the second cavity 112 when the second weight block 12 and the first weight block 11 are not completely installed. In some embodiments, the shape of the second housing 120 of the second gravity block 12 matches the shape of the second cavity 112 of the first gravity block 11, so that the second gravity block 12 and the first gravity block 11 are nested together during transportation, and relative displacement of the second gravity block 12 and the first gravity block 11 can be avoided, thereby ensuring safe transportation.
In some embodiments, the first housing 110 of the first gravity block 11 is in a convex configuration in the middle of the top. This intermediate convex configuration of the first weight block 11 may increase the contact area of the first weight block 11 and the second weight block 12, so that the structure of the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 10 may be effectively reinforced.
The first cavity 111 of the first gravity block 11 and the third cavity 121 of the second gravity block 12 may be filled with a filler, respectively. A first pouring port (not shown) may be provided on a top wall of the first cavity 111 of the first gravity block 11, a second pouring port (not shown) may be provided on a top wall of the third cavity 121 of the second gravity block 12, and a filler, such as cement, may be poured into the first cavity 111 of the first gravity block 11 and the third cavity 121 of the second gravity block 12 through the first pouring port and the second pouring port, respectively. The first cavity 111 of the first gravity block 11 and the third cavity 121 of the second gravity block 12 can respectively provide buoyancy for the first gravity block 11 and the second gravity block 12 before pouring, and can respectively provide gravity for the first gravity block 11 and the second gravity block 12 after pouring, so that the gravity of the bottom-sitting module can be increased, and the stability of the bottom-sitting module can be kept.
The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 10 of the embodiment of the invention can be transported by the buoyancy of the foundation itself without the aid of a large transport ship, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the cost.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the first gravity block 11 includes a plurality of first bulkheads 113 formed in the first casing 110, the plurality of first bulkheads 113 dividing the first cavity 111 into a plurality, for example, six as exemplarily shown in fig. 4. The plurality of first bulkheads 113 may provide structural reinforcement to the first outer shell 110. A plurality of first bulkheads 113 may be symmetrically and equally spaced formed in the first outer shell 110. The first housing 110 and the first bulkhead 113 of the first gravity block 11 may be composed of, for example, concrete.
In some embodiments, a plurality of reinforcing bars 115 are disposed in the first cavity 111 of the first weight block 11. The plurality of reinforcing bars 115 are connected to each other, and the plurality of reinforcing bars 115 are arranged in the first cavity 111 in circumferential and radial directions, thereby being used to reinforce the structural strength of the first outer shell 110.
In other embodiments, a plurality of first bulkheads 113 extend through the walls of the first shell 110, which may further enhance the structural strength of the first shell 110.
As shown in fig. 4 in conjunction with fig. 5, first gravity block 11 further includes a bolster 114 mounted at an end of the plurality of first bulkheads 113 and extending into second cavity 112, bolster 114 operable to separate first gravity block 11 from second gravity block 12. A plurality of circumferential open holes 1140 are formed in the side surface of the pad beam 114, and the plurality of open holes 1140 can play a role in reinforcing grouting connection.
As shown in fig. 3 and 6, the second gravity block 12 includes a plurality of second bulkheads 123, the plurality of second bulkheads 123 dividing the third cavity 121 into a plurality, illustratively six in fig. 6. The plurality of second bulkheads 123 may provide structural reinforcement to the second outer shell 120. The second housing 120 and the second bulkhead 123 of the second weight block 12 may be composed of, for example, a steel plate.
A plurality of second bulkheads 123 extend outside the second outer shell 120 to form an outer baffle 124. The width of the outer barrier 124 may be similar to the width of the pad beam 114 of the first weight block 11. During transport, bolster 114 may restrict the rotation of second weight 12 by restricting outer stop 124. After grouting between the first gravity block 11 and the second gravity block 12, the rotation of the second gravity block 12 may also be effectively restrained.
The second weight block 12 includes a connection pipe 122 connected to the second housing 120, the connection pipe 122 is used for connecting the second weight block 12 to the mono pile 13, and the connection pipe 122 has a circular pipe structure. In some embodiments, the connection pipe 122 may extend directly to the bottom of the second housing 120, so that the structural strength of the connection pipe 122 may be increased.
With continued reference to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 10 of the first embodiment of the present invention further includes a mono-pile 13, and the mono-pile 13 is connected to the connection pipe 122 of the second gravity block 12, thereby fixing the mono-pile 13 to the second gravity block 12.
In some embodiments, the fixed offshore wind turbine foundation 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention further includes a stay cable 14, and the stay cable 14 is installed between the mono-pile 13 and the first gravity block 11. The stay cable 14 is installed between the mono pile 13 and the first weight block 11, which can enhance the rigidity of the mono pile 13. Preferably, the projection of the stay cable 14 on the horizontal plane is collinear with the first bulkhead 113 of the first gravity block 11, so that the installation strength of the stay cable 14 on the first gravity block 11 can be improved. When the wind turbine superstructure 20 is not installed above the stationary foundation 10 of the offshore wind turbine according to the embodiment of the present invention, the stay cables 14 are in a pretensioned state. The pretension of the stay cable 14 can be set as desired.
A support member 15 for supporting the upper structure 20 of the wind turbine is provided on the mono pile 13, and the support member 15 is located at a lower portion of the top end position of the stay cable 14.
Fig. 7 shows an overall view of the offshore wind turbine device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention during transportation after the installation, and fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the circled portion shown in fig. 7, which shows a connection between the support member 15 and the first weight block 11. As shown in fig. 7 and 8, when the wind turbine upper structure 20 is installed above the fixed foundation 10 of the offshore wind turbine according to the first embodiment of the present invention to form the offshore wind turbine device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the monopile 13 and the second weight block 12 may move downward until the support 15 on the monopile 13 contacts the first weight block 11, and the support 15 on the monopile 13 supports the wind turbine upper structure 20 to prevent the monopile 13 and the second weight block 12 from moving downward. Then, as the mono pile 13 is moved down, the stay cable 14 is gradually loosened, and the stay cable 14 is in a loosened state. The fan superstructure 20 may include a tower 21 and a fan 22 mounted on the tower 21.
After the integral installation of the offshore wind turbine device 1 is completed, the installation of the bottom module of the offshore wind turbine device 1 can be carried out by towing the offshore wind turbine device to a designated site through a tugboat. When the offshore wind turbine installation 1 is transported as a whole, the support member 15 of the mono pile 13 may be connected to the first weight block 11 by means of a fastening member 16, such as a bolt, so that the rotation of the wind turbine during transportation may be avoided.
After reaching the designated machine site, the fastener 16 connected between the support member 15 and the first weight block 11 may be removed first, and then, the filler may be poured into the first cavity 111 of the first weight block 11 and the third cavity 121 of the second weight block 12, respectively. Fig. 9 discloses a schematic view of the offshore wind turbine assembly 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the filler 81 is poured into the first cavity 111 of the first gravity block 11. As shown in fig. 9, when the filler 81, such as cement, is poured into the first cavity 111 of the first weight block 11, the first weight block 11 will sink. Fig. 10 discloses a schematic view of the offshore wind turbine assembly 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the filler 82 is poured into the third cavity 121 of the second weight block 12. As shown in fig. 10, when the filler 82, such as cement, is poured into the third cavity 121 of the second gravity block 12, the second gravity block 12 moves downward. Fig. 11 discloses an overall schematic view of the offshore wind turbine arrangement 1 according to the first embodiment of the invention fully bottomed. As shown in fig. 11, cement is continuously poured into the first cavity 111 of the first gravity block 11, and the first gravity block 11 continues to sink until the fixed foundation 10 of the offshore wind turbine is completely seated. Meanwhile, as the first gravity block 11 sinks, the stay cable 14 connecting the mono-pile 13 and the first gravity block 11 is gradually changed from loose to tight, and after the first gravity block 11 and the second gravity block 12 of the fixed foundation 10 of the offshore wind turbine are completely seated, the stay cable 14 automatically returns to the original pre-tensioned state, thereby realizing the automatic tightening of the stay cable 14.
In some embodiments, the third cavity 121 of the second gravity block 12 may be filled with cement to complete the setting of the second gravity block 12, and after the second gravity block 12 is set, the first cavity 111 of the first gravity block 11 may be filled with cement continuously to ensure that the first cavity 111 is filled with cement to complete the setting of the first gravity block 11. The advantage of this type of pouring is that the second weight 12 requires relatively less cement to pour, and therefore takes less time to pour, and the effect of the waves is reduced to some extent after the second weight 12 is set. In the process of pouring cement into the plurality of first cavities 111 of the first gravity block 11, the plurality of first cavities 111 around the first gravity block 11 need to be filled uniformly to ensure that the first gravity block 11 has no inclination angle. Finally, grouting is performed in the gap between the first gravity block 11 and the second gravity block 12.
Fig. 12 discloses a schematic longitudinal section of a first gravity block 31 according to a second embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 12, the difference from the first weight block 11 of the first embodiment shown in fig. 2 is that the first weight block 31 of the second embodiment is further provided with an edge wall 311 protruding upward around the first housing 110.
Fig. 13 discloses an overall schematic view of the offshore wind turbine installation 3 of the second embodiment of the present invention fully seated after installation. The offshore wind turbine installation 3 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes an offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 30, and the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 30 employs the first gravity block 31 of the second embodiment shown in fig. 12. As shown in fig. 13, the space surrounded by the edge wall 311 of the first weight block 31 may be filled with a third filler 83, for example, ballast with crushed stone.
The offshore wind turbine unit 3 and the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 30 according to the second embodiment of the present invention can fill, for example, ballast with crushed stones in the edge walls 311 by adding the edge walls 311 around the first gravity blocks 31, and the crushed stones in the edge walls 311 can provide effective ballast, so that sufficient bottom ballast force can be provided while reducing the diameter of the first gravity blocks 31. Moreover, the space in the edge wall 311 can provide the first weight block 31 with larger buoyancy, so that the volume of the first cavity 111 in the first weight block 31 can be reduced, and the time for cementing the bottom of the first weight block 31 can be reduced.
Fig. 14 discloses a cross-sectional view of a first gravity block 41 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 14, the difference from the first weight block 11 of the first embodiment shown in fig. 2 is that a plurality of stake holes 411 are provided in the first weight block 41 of the third embodiment.
Fig. 15 discloses an overall view of the third embodiment of the offshore wind turbine installation 4 fully seated after installation. The offshore wind turbine installation 4 according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes an offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 40, and the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 40 employs the first gravity block 41 of the third embodiment shown in fig. 14. As shown in fig. 15, the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 40 further includes a plurality of piles 412 driven in advance at a designated machine location, and a plurality of pile holes 411 provided on the first weight block 41 may be sleeved on the plurality of piles 412.
The offshore wind turbine installation 4 and the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 40 according to the third embodiment of the present invention adopt a fixing manner of combining gravity block ballast with a plurality of piles, the first gravity block 41 mainly functions to provide buoyancy during the whole transportation, and the anti-overturning force during the bottom-sitting is mainly provided by the piles 412, and the anti-overturning moment is larger, so that water can be added into the first cavity 111 of the first gravity block 41 and/or the third cavity 121 of the second gravity block 12 to replace cement. Furthermore, the offshore wind turbine installation 4 and the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation 40 according to the third embodiment of the present invention are also applicable to a larger water depth.
The offshore wind turbine device 4 of the third embodiment of the invention adopts a mode that the multi-pile gravity blocks are matched with the stay cables 14, so that the applicable water depth of a single-pile 13 structure can be increased, foundation forms such as a jacket and the like are replaced, and the cost of the foundation is reduced.
For example, for a 6MW wind turbine, in a sea area with a water depth of 40m, if the first gravity block 11 of the first embodiment is adopted, the first gravity block 11 with a diameter of 40m and the second gravity block 12 with a diameter of 10m can be selected, the height of the first gravity block 11 is 5m, and cement can be poured into the first cavity 111 of the first gravity block 11 and the third cavity 121 of the second gravity block 12. If the first weight block 31 of the second embodiment is used and the height of the edge wall 311 of the first weight block 31 is 5m, the diameter of the first weight block 31 may be reduced to 30m, crushed stone may be filled in the edge wall 311 of the first weight block 31, and then cement may be poured in the first cavity 111 of the first weight block 31 and the third cavity 121 of the second weight block 12. If the first weight block 41 of the third embodiment is used, the diameter of the first weight block 41 may be reduced to 30m, and water may be poured into the first cavity 111 of the first weight block 41 and the third cavity 121 of the second weight block 12.
The offshore wind turbine devices 1, 3 and 4 according to the above embodiments of the present invention can complete the overall installation of the wind turbine devices at ports and docks, thereby realizing the overall towing of the wind turbine devices without using large transport ships and offshore hoisting ships, and thus, the installation and transportation costs can be reduced.
The offshore wind turbine devices 1, 3 and 4 of the embodiments can realize the automatic tensioning of the stay cable 14 in the process of the foundation gravity block sitting at the bottom, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the cost and effectively solving the defect that the existing single-pile stay cable is not easy to install.
Fig. 16 discloses a partial flow chart of a transportation and installation method of the offshore wind turbine complete machine according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 16, the method for transporting and installing the offshore wind turbine complete machine according to the embodiment of the present invention may include steps S11-S14.
In step S11, the bottom module of the fixed foundation of the offshore wind turbine is floated on the water surface by its own buoyancy. The base module of the fixed foundation of the offshore wind turbine comprises a first gravity block with a first cavity and a second gravity block with a third cavity, and the second gravity block can be movably nested in the second cavity of the first gravity block up and down.
In some embodiments, the site of construction of the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation may be in a dock. Therefore, the letting the submersible module float on the sea surface by its own buoyancy of step S11 may further include: completing the construction of the bottom module in the dock; discharging water into the dock to enable the bottom module to automatically float; and towing the bottom module out of the dock with a tug boat such that the bottom module is located on a horizontal surface.
In other embodiments, the site of construction of the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation may be on a dock. Therefore, the letting the submersible module float on the water surface by its own buoyancy of step S11 may include: completing the construction of the bottom module on the wharf; transporting the submersible module to a barge through a rail; and increasing the draft of the barge to finish the launching operation of the submersible module so that the submersible module is positioned on the water level.
In step S12, the connection of the monopile with the second weight block is made at the shore.
In some embodiments, the method for transporting and installing the offshore wind turbine complete machine may further include step S15 after the step S12 of connecting the monopile and the second gravity block. In step S15, the stay cable is installed between the mono pile and the first weight block and is maintained in a pretensioned state, and then the process proceeds to step S13.
In step S13, the blower superstructure is hoisted to the single pile to form a blower complete machine.
When the upper structure of the draught fan is hung on the single pile, the single pile and the second gravity block sink until a support piece on the single pile is in contact with the first gravity block, the support piece supports the upper structure of the draught fan, and the stay cable is in a loose state.
In step S14, the complete wind turbine is towed to a designated location by the tug boat.
The method for transporting and installing the offshore wind turbine complete machine in the embodiment of the invention can further comprise the step S16 before the step S14 of transporting the wind turbine complete machine. In step S16, the support members on the mono pile are connected to the first gravity block by fasteners, such as bolts, to prevent rotation of the wind turbine during transport.
Fig. 17 discloses another partial flowchart of the transportation and installation method of the offshore wind turbine complete machine according to the embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 17, the method for transporting and installing the offshore wind turbine complete machine according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include step S21. In step S21, a grouting operation is performed on the first gravity block and the second gravity block. After the first gravity block and the second gravity block are completely seated, the stay cable automatically returns to the pre-tensioned state.
In the case that the method for transporting and installing the offshore wind turbine complete machine includes step S16, the method for transporting and installing the offshore wind turbine complete machine according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include step S22 before step S21. In step S22, the fasteners connected between the support members on the mono pile and the first gravity block are unloaded, and then the process proceeds to the grouting operation of step S21.
In some embodiments, the grouting operation of the first and second gravity blocks of step S21 may further include steps S211 to S213. In step S211, a first filler, such as cement, is poured into the third cavity of the second gravity block. Then, the process proceeds to step S212.
Because the third cavity of the second gravity block needs less cement to be poured, the time for pouring is shorter, the second gravity block can complete the setting quickly, and the influence of waves can be relieved to a certain extent after the second gravity block is set.
In step S212, a second filler, such as cement, is poured into the first cavity of the first gravity block. In the process of cement pouring, the first cavities around the first gravity block need to be filled uniformly so as to ensure that the first gravity block has no inclination angle.
In step S213, after the second gravity block and the first gravity block are completely seated, a gap between the first gravity block and the second gravity block may be grouted.
In some embodiments, the first weight block 11 may further include an edge wall protruding upward from the periphery. Therefore, in the embodiment of disposing the edge wall around the first gravity block, the method for transporting and installing the offshore wind turbine complete machine according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include step S214 before grouting between the first gravity block and the second gravity block in step S213. In step S214, a space surrounded by the edge wall of the first gravity block is filled with a third filler, such as ballast stone or the like.
In other embodiments, a plurality of stake holes may be provided on the first weight block. Therefore, in the embodiment where the first gravity block is provided with the plurality of pile holes, the transportation and installation method of the offshore wind turbine complete machine according to the embodiment of the present invention may further include: piling at a designated machine position in advance; when the grouting operation of the step S21 is carried out, finely adjusting a plurality of pile holes on the first gravity block to be sleeved on the piles; and grouting between the pile and the pile hole of the first gravity block.
In embodiments employing multi-pile gravity blocks, the first filler poured in the first cavity of the first gravity block of step S211 and the second filler poured in the third cavity of the second gravity block of step S212 may be replaced with water instead of cement. The adoption of the multi-pile gravity block can be suitable for larger water depth.
The method for transporting and installing the offshore wind turbine complete machine in each embodiment can complete the integral installation of the wind turbine device in ports and docks, realize the integral towing of the wind turbine device, and does not need large transport ships and offshore hoisting ships, thereby reducing the installation and transportation cost.
The method for transporting and installing the offshore wind turbine complete machine in each embodiment can realize automatic tensioning of the stay cable in the process of setting the foundation gravity block at the bottom, and effectively overcomes the defect that the existing single-pile stay cable is difficult to install.
The fixed foundation of the offshore wind turbine, the offshore wind turbine device and the transportation and installation method of the offshore wind turbine complete machine provided by the embodiment of the invention are described in detail above. The fixed foundation of the offshore wind turbine, the offshore wind turbine device and the transportation and installation method of the offshore wind turbine complete machine according to the embodiments of the present invention are described herein by using specific examples, and the above descriptions of the embodiments are only used to help understand the core idea of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (36)
1. The utility model provides a fixed basis of offshore wind turbine which characterized in that: it includes:
a seat bottom module, comprising:
the first gravity block comprises a first shell, a first cavity and a second cavity, wherein the first cavity and the second cavity are formed in the first shell; and
a second weight block including a second housing and a third cavity formed in the second housing,
wherein the second gravity block is capable of being nested in the second cavity of the first gravity block, and the second gravity block is capable of moving up and down in the second cavity when the second gravity block and the first gravity block are not completely installed,
a filler may be poured into the first and third cavities, the first and third cavities may provide buoyancy to the first and second gravity blocks, respectively, prior to pouring, and may provide gravity to the first and second gravity blocks, respectively, after pouring.
2. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 1, wherein: the shape of the second housing of the second gravity block matches the shape of the second cavity of the first gravity block.
3. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 1, wherein: the first gravity block includes a plurality of first bulkheads formed in the first housing, the plurality of first bulkheads dividing the first cavity into a plurality.
4. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 3, wherein: the plurality of first bulkheads are symmetrically and equally spaced formed in the first outer shell.
5. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 3, wherein: the plurality of first bulkheads extends through into a wall of the first outer shell.
6. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 5, wherein: the first gravity block further includes a bolster mounted at an end of the first plurality of bulkheads and extending into the second cavity, the bolster separating the first gravity block from the second gravity block.
7. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 6, wherein: and a plurality of open holes for reinforcing grouting connection are formed in the side surface of the pad beam.
8. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of reinforcing bars are disposed in the first cavity of the first weight block.
9. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 8, wherein: the plurality of reinforcing bars are mutually connected, and are arranged in the first cavity in a circumferential direction and a radial direction.
10. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 1, wherein: the first housing of the first gravity block is in a convex configuration in the middle of the top.
11. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 1, wherein: the second weight includes a plurality of second bulkheads that divide the third cavity into a plurality.
12. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 11, wherein: the plurality of second bulkheads extend outside the second outer shell to form an outer baffle.
13. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 1, wherein: the second weight block includes a connection pipe connected with the second housing.
14. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 13, wherein: the connection pipe extends to the bottom of the second housing.
15. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 13, wherein: further comprising:
a mono-pile connected with the connection pipe of the second gravity block.
16. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 15, wherein: further comprising:
and the stay cable is arranged between the single pile and the first gravity block.
17. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 16, wherein: the first gravity block comprises a plurality of first bulkheads formed in the first housing, the first bulkheads divide the first cavity into a plurality of cavities, and the projection of the stay cable on a horizontal plane is collinear with the first bulkheads of the first gravity block.
18. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 16, wherein: and a support piece for supporting the upper structure of the fan is arranged on the single pile, and the support piece is positioned at the lower part of the top end of the stay cable.
19. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 18, wherein: when the upper structure of the fan is not installed, the stay cable is in a pre-tensioned state; when the upper structure of the draught fan is installed, the single pile and the second gravity block can move downwards until the supporting piece contacts the first gravity block, and the stay cable is in a loose state.
20. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 19, wherein: the support may be connected to the first weight block by fasteners during transport.
21. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of claim 19, wherein: and after the first gravity block and the second gravity block are completely seated, the stay cable automatically restores to the pre-tensioning state.
22. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein: and edge walls which protrude upwards are arranged on the periphery of the first shell of the first gravity block, and a space surrounded by the edge walls can be filled with a third filler.
23. The offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein: set up a plurality of stake holes on the first gravity piece, the fixed basis of offshore wind turbine still includes:
the pile driving device comprises a plurality of piles driven in advance at a designated machine site, and a plurality of pile holes can be sleeved on the piles.
24. An offshore wind turbine device, characterized in that: it includes:
the offshore wind turbine fixed foundation of any one of claims 1 to 23; and
and the fan upper structure is arranged on the fixed foundation of the offshore fan and comprises a tower and a fan arranged on the tower.
25. A transportation and installation method of an offshore wind turbine complete machine is characterized by comprising the following steps: it includes:
the bottom module of the fixed foundation of the offshore wind turbine floats on the water surface by means of self buoyancy, wherein the bottom module comprises a first gravity block with a first cavity and a second gravity block with a third cavity, and the second gravity block can be movably embedded in the second cavity of the first gravity block up and down;
connecting the single pile with the second gravity block on the shore;
hoisting the upper structure of the fan on the single pile to form a whole fan; and
and dragging the whole fan to a designated fan site through a tugboat.
26. The method of claim 25, wherein: after making the connection of the monopile with the second gravity block, the method further comprises:
and installing a stay cable between the single pile and the first gravity block, and keeping the stay cable in a pre-tensioned state.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein: when the upper structure of the fan is hung on the single pile, the single pile and the second gravity block sink until the support piece on the single pile is in contact with the first gravity block, and the stay cable is in a loose state.
28. The method of claim 27, wherein: before the complete blower is transported, the method further comprises the following steps:
and connecting the support piece with the first gravity block through a fastener.
29. The method of claim 28, wherein: further comprising:
and unloading the fastener connected between the support piece on the monopile and the first gravity block.
30. The method of claim 27 or 29, wherein: further comprising:
and grouting the first gravity block and the second gravity block.
31. The method of claim 30, wherein: and after the first gravity block and the second gravity block are completely seated, the stay cable automatically restores to the pre-tensioning state.
32. The method of claim 30, wherein: the performing grouting operation includes:
pouring a first filler in the third cavity of the second gravity block;
pouring a second filler in the first cavity of the first gravity block; and
grouting between the first gravity block and the second gravity block after the second gravity block and the first gravity block are completely seated.
33. The method of claim 32, wherein: the first gravity block further comprises a perimeter wall projecting upwardly from the perimeter, and prior to grouting between the first gravity block and the second gravity block, the method further comprises:
and filling a third filler in a space surrounded by the edge wall of the first gravity block.
34. The method of claim 32, wherein: providing a plurality of stake holes in the first gravity block, the method further comprising:
piling at the designated machine site in advance;
during the grouting operation, finely adjusting the pile holes on the first gravity block to be sleeved on the piles; and
grouting between the pile and the pile hole of the first gravity block.
35. The method of claim 25, wherein: letting the sit bottom module float on the sea surface by means of self buoyancy includes:
completing the construction of the bottom module in a dock;
discharging water into the dock to enable the bottom module to automatically float; and
towing the squat module out of the dock with a tug boat such that the squat module is located on a horizontal surface.
36. The method of claim 25, wherein: let sit end module and rely on self buoyancy to float on the surface of water and include:
completing the construction of the bottom module on a wharf;
transporting the submersible modules onto a barge by rails; and
increasing the draft of the barge to complete the launch of the submersible module such that the submersible module is on the water level.
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