CN114083645A - Production equipment and production process of ceramic ring - Google Patents
Production equipment and production process of ceramic ring Download PDFInfo
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- CN114083645A CN114083645A CN202111374570.3A CN202111374570A CN114083645A CN 114083645 A CN114083645 A CN 114083645A CN 202111374570 A CN202111374570 A CN 202111374570A CN 114083645 A CN114083645 A CN 114083645A
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- die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
- B28B3/08—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form with two or more rams per mould
- B28B3/086—The rams working in different directions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/08—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads
- B28B11/0854—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads for making screw-threads or the like in the surface of the shaped article
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B17/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping
- B28B17/0036—Cutting means, e.g. water jets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/0097—Press moulds; Press-mould and press-ram assemblies
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/10—Moulds with means incorporated therein, or carried thereby, for ejecting or detaching the moulded article
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
- B28B7/18—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
- B28B7/186—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article for plates, panels or similar sheet- or disc-shaped objects, also flat oblong moulded articles with lateral openings, e.g. panels with openings for doors or windows, grated girders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/28—Cores; Mandrels
- B28B7/30—Cores; Mandrels adjustable, collapsible, or expanding
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a production device and a production process of a ceramic ring, wherein the production device comprises a green body forming die and a blank body processing device, the green body forming die comprises an upper die, a middle die, a lower die and a middle core rod, a die cavity is arranged in the middle die, when die assembly is carried out, the upper part of the lower die enters the die cavity, the middle core rod penetrates through the lower die and is arranged in the die cavity, filling materials are filled in the die cavity, the lower part of the upper die enters the die cavity, the upper part of the middle core rod is arranged in the upper die, the upper die and the lower die oppositely run to be pressed into a blank body, the blank body processing device comprises a pneumatic chuck, an elastic clamp and a tool apron, the elastic clamp is clamped in the pneumatic chuck, the blank body is assembled in the elastic clamp, and the tool apron is provided with various tools. The production process is simple, the upper die and the lower die synchronously move in opposite directions to be pressed into a blank with uniform density, the blank is clamped by the elastic clamp for finish machining, the finish machining is completed before the ceramic is sintered, the blank is easy to cut, the machining speed is high, the production efficiency is greatly improved, the production process is suitable for batch production, and the finished product has high precision and high yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic ring manufacturing, in particular to production equipment and a production process of a ceramic ring.
Background
The traditional ceramic ring production methods comprise a hot-pressing direct forming method and a numerical control machining method for machining threads and step excircles after blanks are made by cold pressing and then fired into porcelain.
The hot pressing direct forming method is to inject the liquid ceramic body into the die cavity under high pressure for forming. The main disadvantages are: long de-waxing time, low yield, poor product size precision, poor product density and the like. This results in a reduction in the performance of the finished product and a high rejection rate. If the precision requirement on the product is high, the size of the product formed by the method cannot be guaranteed, and the product cannot be used.
The main defects of the fine processing after cold pressing, blank forming and porcelain firing are that the processing time of the later numerical control fine processing is long, the energy consumption is high, the processing cost is high, and the ceramic cannot be processed at high speed after being formed into the porcelain. Therefore, the production cycle of this method is too long to be suitable for mass production.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides production equipment and a production process of a ceramic ring.
According to one aspect of the invention, the production equipment of the ceramic ring comprises a green body forming die and a green body processing device, wherein the green body forming die is used for forming a green body, and the green body processing device is used for processing the formed green body;
the green body forming die comprises an upper die, a middle die, a lower die and a middle core rod, wherein a die cavity is arranged in the middle die, the upper die and the lower die are respectively positioned right above and right below the die cavity in a lifting manner, the middle core rod is inserted into the center of the lower die from the bottom of the lower die and penetrates through the center of the lower die, when the die is closed, the upper part of the lower die enters the die cavity, the middle core rod penetrates through the lower die and is arranged in the die cavity, the filler is filled in the die cavity, the lower part of the upper die enters the die cavity, the upper part of the middle core rod is arranged in the upper die, and the upper die and the lower die run oppositely to be pressed into a green body;
the blank machining device comprises a numerically-controlled machine tool pneumatic chuck, an elastic clamp and a numerically-controlled machine tool cutter holder, the elastic clamp is clamped on the numerically-controlled machine tool pneumatic chuck, a blank is assembled in the elastic clamp, and the numerically-controlled machine tool cutter holder is provided with an outer circle cutter, an inner hole taper cutter, an inner hole grooving cutter and an inner hole thread cutter.
In some embodiments, the green body forming die further comprises a side through-hole core rod inserted from the bottom of the lower die and through the die cavity into the upper die.
In some embodiments, the green body forming die further comprises a side blind core rod, the side blind core rod is inserted into the die cavity from the bottom of the lower die, and the length of the side blind core rod inserted into the die cavity is adjustable.
In some embodiments, when the mold is closed, the upper portion of the middle core rod is flush with the upper surface of the middle mold, and the upper portion of the side through-hole core rod is flush with the upper surface of the middle mold.
In some embodiments, the elastic fixture comprises a fixing portion and a clamping portion, the outer diameters of the fixing portion and the clamping portion are different to form a step shape, a step hole is formed in the clamping portion to clamp the blank, the fixing portion is provided with a first open slot, the clamping portion is provided with a second open slot, the second open slot extends to the fixing portion, the first open slot and the second open slot are arranged in a staggered mode, and high-elasticity rubber can be filled in the first open slot and the second open slot.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a production process of a ceramic ring is provided, which uses the production equipment of the ceramic ring as described above to perform production, and specifically includes the following steps:
s1: the lower die is lifted, the upper part of the lower die enters a die cavity of the middle die, the middle core rod enters from the bottom of the lower die and penetrates through the lower die to reach the die cavity, the height of the middle core rod in the die cavity needs to be higher than the thickness of the formed blank, and a charging space for charging the filler is formed by the outer wall of the middle core rod, the upper surface of the lower die and the die cavity;
s2: putting powdery raw materials into the charging space;
s3: the upper die is lowered, the lower part of the upper die enters the die cavity, and the upper die is sleeved on the upper part of the middle core rod;
s4: the upper die and the lower die are pressed simultaneously to increase the density of the powdery raw material so as to compact the powdery raw material into a blank body, and the densities of the upper part and the lower part of the formed blank body are consistent;
s5: keeping the relative positions of the upper die and the lower die in the S4 unchanged, synchronously driving the positions of the upper die and the lower die to rise, and ejecting the blank out of the die cavity of the middle die;
s6: the upper die is lifted to leave the upper surface of the blank body, and the blank body is taken down;
s7: resetting the lower die and the middle mandril;
s8: placing the blank taken out in the step S6 in an elastic fixture, and clamping the blank after a numerically-controlled machine tool pneumatic chuck clamps the elastic fixture;
s9: finish machining the blank by using a cutter of a numerical control machine tool to obtain a machined product;
s10: loosening the elastic clamp to take out the processed product;
s11: and sintering the processed product to form the ceramic.
In some embodiments, the finishing in step S9 includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: processing a first end face, a second end face and an outer circular face by using an outer circular cutter;
step two: processing a first inner hole and a second inner hole by using an inner hole cutter;
step three: machining a taper hole by using an inner hole taper cutter;
step four: processing a tool withdrawal groove by using an inner hole grooving cutter;
step five: and machining an internal thread on the second inner hole by using an inner hole thread cutter to obtain a machined product.
In some embodiments, in step S1 of the above-described ceramic ring production process, after the central core rod penetrates through the lower mold to reach the cavity, the upper portion of the central core rod is flush with the upper surface of the middle mold.
In some embodiments, the operation of step S3 is performed after a pause of one second after the operation of step S2 of feeding the powdery raw material into the charging space is completed.
In some embodiments, in step S1 of the above-mentioned ceramic ring production process, the ceramic ring production process further includes a side through-hole mandrel and a side blind-hole mandrel synchronously entering the mold cavity, after the side through-hole mandrel reaches the mold cavity, an upper portion of the side through-hole mandrel is flush with an upper surface of the middle mold, and a length of the side blind-hole mandrel entering the mold cavity is adjustable and is smaller than a thickness of the molded blank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the green body forming die provided by the invention has simple operation process, the upper die and the lower die synchronously move oppositely to press a green body, the density of the green body pressed by the green body forming die is uniform, after the green body is formed, the upper die and the lower die keep unchanged relative positions and move upwards simultaneously, the green body is separated from a die cavity of the middle die and then the upper die is quickly moved away to take out the green body, the upper die, the lower die and the green body are synchronously ejected out, the probability of internal cracks of the green body caused by vibration generated by friction between the green body and the middle die and the central core rod in the ejection process can be reduced, the yield of the green body is improved, the green body forming die can also utilize a side through hole core rod and a side blind hole core rod to process small-diameter through holes and blind holes, the green body is clamped on a numerical control machine tool by utilizing an elastic clamp filled with high-elastic rubber to be directly finely processed, the fine processing is completed before the ceramic sintering, the green body is easy to cut and has high processing speed, the production process provided by the invention does not need dewaxing, saves energy consumption, can finish 8 processes by finish machining the unsintered blank body through one-time clamping, does not damage the blank body structure, greatly improves the production efficiency, is suitable for batch production, and has high finished product precision and high yield.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a finally obtained ceramic ring of the present invention, wherein 1-1 is a left side view of the ceramic ring, and 1-2 is a schematic structural view of the interior of the ceramic ring;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a blank, wherein 2-1 is a top view of the blank, and 2-2 is a schematic internal structural diagram of the blank;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a green body molding die;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a blank processing apparatus;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic clamp, wherein 5-1 is a schematic distribution diagram of the second opening grooves in the clamping portion, 5-2 is a schematic internal diagram of the elastic clamp, and 5-3 is a schematic distribution diagram of the first opening grooves in the fixing portion;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of the elastic clip.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a production apparatus for a ceramic ring according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a blank forming mold for forming a blank 100, and a blank processing device for finishing the formed blank 100.
As shown in fig. 3, the green body forming mold includes an upper mold 1, an intermediate mold 2, a lower mold 3, and a central rod 4, wherein the upper mold 1, the intermediate mold 2, the lower mold 3, and the central rod 4 are each independently connected to a driver (not shown), and can be independently raised or lowered by the driver. The middle mold 2 is internally provided with a mold cavity 21, the upper mold 1 and the lower mold 3 can be respectively positioned right above and right below the mold cavity 21 in a lifting way, and the mold cavity 21 can be used for the lower part of the upper mold 1 and the upper part of the lower mold 3 to pass through. The central core rod 4 is inserted from the bottom of the lower die 3, and the central core rod 4 can penetrate through the center of the lower die 3. When the die is closed, the upper part of the lower die 3 enters the die cavity 21, the central core rod 4 penetrates through the lower die 3 and is placed in the die cavity 21, the die cavity 21 is filled with the filling material, the lower part of the upper die 1 enters the die cavity 21, the upper part of the central core rod 4 is placed in the upper die 1, and the upper die 1 and the lower die 3 run oppositely to be pressed into a blank 100 (shown in fig. 2).
As shown in fig. 4, the blank processing device includes a numerically controlled machine tool pneumatic chuck 7, an elastic clamp 8 and a numerically controlled machine tool holder 9. The elastic clamp 8 is clamped on the pneumatic chuck 7 of the numerical control machine tool, the blank 100 is assembled in the elastic clamp 8, and the tool apron 9 of the numerical control machine tool is provided with an excircle tool 91, an inner hole tool 92, an inner hole taper tool 93, an inner hole grooving tool 94 and an inner hole thread tool 95.
As shown in fig. 3, the green body molding die further includes a side through-hole mandrel 5, and the side through-hole mandrel 5 has a separate driver (not shown). The side through-hole plug 5 is inserted from the bottom of the lower die 3 and can penetrate through the die cavity 21 to enter the upper die 1. A small diameter through-hole 101 (shown in fig. 2) can be formed by the side through-hole mandrel 5.
As shown in fig. 3, the green body forming die further comprises a side blind core rod 6, and the side blind core rod 6 is provided with an independent driver (not shown). The side blind hole core rod 6 is inserted into the cavity 21 from the bottom of the lower die 3, and the length of the side blind hole core rod 6 inserted into the cavity 21 is adjustable. Blind holes 102 can be formed by the side blind hole mandrels 6, and the length of insertion of the side blind hole mandrels 6 into the die cavity 21 can be adjusted to obtain blind holes 102 (shown in fig. 2) of different depths.
As shown in fig. 3, when the mold is closed, the upper portion of the center core rod 4 and the upper portion of the side through-hole core rod 5 are flush with the upper surface of the middle mold 2, the center hole of the blank 100 is formed by the center core rod 4, and the side through-hole 101 of the blank 100 is formed by the side through-hole core rod 5.
As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the elastic clamp 8 includes a fixing portion 81 and a clamping portion 82, and the fixing portion 81 and the clamping portion 82 are formed in a stepped shape in which outer diameters are different. The holding portion 82 is provided with a stepped hole 83 therein to hold the blank 100, the fixing portion 81 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed first opening grooves 84, the holding portion 82 is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed second opening grooves 85, the second opening grooves 85 extend to the fixing portion 81, and the first opening grooves 84 and the second opening grooves 85 are arranged in a staggered manner. The first opening groove 84 and the second opening groove 85 are filled with high-elasticity rubber (not shown in the figure), the high-elasticity rubber enables the first opening groove 84 and the second opening groove 85 to be closed, the blank 100 is prevented from being damaged by the edge of the opening groove, and the inner diameter of the elastic clamp 8 can be allowed to be reduced when the first opening groove 84 and the second opening groove 85 are extruded. When the blank 100 is installed, the blank 100 is placed in the stepped hole 83 in the clamping portion 82, and then the elastic clamp 8 is rapidly clamped by the numerically-controlled machine tool pneumatic chuck 7, so that the blank 100 is clamped. The elastic clamp 8 is made of spring steel, and the elasticity of metal is utilized to offset the clamping force of most of machines, so that only a small clamping force is reserved, the blank 100 can be clamped and cannot be crushed, and meanwhile, the precision and the loading and unloading speed of repeated clamping are also guaranteed.
The production process for preparing the ceramic ring by adopting the production equipment of the ceramic ring is specifically explained by combining with the figures 1 to 4, and comprises the following steps:
s1: the upper die 1 is in an initial state and is positioned right above the die cavity 21, the position of the lower die 3 is driven to rise, the upper part of the lower die 3 enters the die cavity 21 of the middle die 2, the middle core rod 4 enters from the bottom of the lower die 3 and penetrates through the lower die 3 to reach the die cavity 21, the height of the middle core rod 4 in the die cavity 21 is higher than the thickness of the formed blank 100, in the embodiment, the upper part of the middle core rod 4 is flush with the upper surface of the middle die 2, and the outer wall of the middle core rod 4, the upper surface of the lower die 3 and the die cavity 21 form a charging space for charging filler;
s2: feeding powdery raw materials for preparing blanks into the charging space by using a filling device; pausing for one second after the operation of putting the powdery raw material into the charging space in the step S2 is completed, and returning the filling equipment to ensure the consistency of filling each time and ensure that the weight of the pressed blank 100 is the same;
s3: driving the upper die 1 to descend, enabling the lower part of the upper die 1 to enter the die cavity 21, and sleeving the upper part of the central rod 4 by the upper die 1;
s4: the upper die 1 is lowered, the lower die 3 is raised at the same time, the upper die 1 and the lower die 3 run oppositely, the upper die 1 and the lower die 3 apply pressure to increase the density of the powdery raw material at the same time, the powdery raw material is compacted to be made into the blank 100, the upper and lower densities of the formed blank 100 are consistent, and the blank 100 can be ensured to have uniform density by adopting the straight-up and straight-down opposite pressing mode;
s5: keeping the relative positions of the upper die 1 and the lower die 3 unchanged in S4, synchronously driving the positions of the upper die 1 and the lower die 3 to rise, and ejecting the blank 100 out of the die cavity 21 of the middle die 2, wherein the bottom position of the blank 100 needs to be higher than the upper surface position of the middle die 2;
s6: driving the upper die 1 to ascend to leave the upper surface of the blank 100, and taking down the blank 100;
s7: driving the lower die 3 and the middle core rod 4 to reset;
s8: placing the blank 100 taken out in the step S6 in an elastic fixture 8, and clamping the blank 100 after the numerically-controlled machine tool pneumatic chuck 7 clamps the elastic fixture 8;
s9: processing a first end surface 103, a second end surface 105 and an outer circular surface 104 by using an outer circular cutter 91;
s10: machining a first inner hole 106 and a second inner hole 107 by using an inner hole cutter 92;
s11: machining a taper hole 108 by using an inner hole taper cutter 93;
s12: machining a tool withdrawal groove 109 by using the inner hole grooving tool 94;
s13: machining an internal thread 110 on the second inner hole by using an inner hole thread cutter 95 to obtain a machined product;
s14: loosening the elastic clamp 8 and taking out the processed product;
s15: and sintering the processed product to form the ceramic.
When it is necessary to machine the small-diameter through hole 101 in the blank 100, in step S1, the side through hole core rod 5 is driven to enter the cavity 21 in synchronization with the middle core rod 4, and after the side through hole core rod 5 reaches the cavity 21, the upper part of the side through hole core rod 5 is flush with the upper surface of the middle mold 2, and through the subsequent steps, the pressed blank 100 has the small-diameter through hole 101.
When the blind hole 102 needs to be machined in the blank 100, in step S1, the driving-side blind-hole core rod 6 and the middle core rod 4 enter the die cavity 21 synchronously, and the length of the side blind-hole core rod 6 entering the die cavity 21 needs to be adjusted according to the depth of the required blind hole 102.
The green body forming die provided by the invention is simple in operation process, the upper die 1 and the lower die 3 synchronously move oppositely to press the green body 100, and the pressed green body 100 is uniform in density. The green forming die can also be used for processing small-diameter through holes 101 and blind holes 102 by using a side through hole core rod 5 and a side blind hole core rod 6. After the blank 100 is formed, the upper die 1 and the lower die 3 keep the relative position unchanged and move upwards at the same time, so that the blank 100 is separated from the die cavity 21 of the middle die 2, then the upper die 1 is quickly moved away, and the blank 100 is taken out, thus the upper die 1, the lower die 3 and the blank 100 are ejected synchronously, the probability of internal cracks of the blank 100 caused by vibration generated by friction between the blank 100 and the middle die 2 and the middle core rod 4 in the ejection process can be reduced, and the yield of the blank 100 is improved. The blank 100 is clamped on a numerical control machine tool by using the elastic clamp 8 filled with high-elastic rubber for direct finish machining, the finish machining is completed before the blank is sintered into porcelain, the blank 100 is easy to cut, and the machining speed is high.
In the production of the sample, it is counted that 3500 blanks 100 can be pressed by each blank forming mold eight hours per day, and 960 blanks 100 can be processed by each equipment by one operator working for eight hours finish machining. If 3500 blanks 100 are produced using a conventional hot press direct forming process, it takes 96 hours to de-wax. If the porcelain is fired and then finish machining is carried out, only 24 parts can be machined by one operator in eight hours, and the yield is low.
The production process provided by the invention does not need dewaxing, saves energy consumption, can finish 8 working procedures by carrying out finish machining on the green body 100, does not damage the structure of the green body 100 by one-time clamping, greatly improves the production efficiency, is suitable for batch production, and has high precision and high yield of the fired finished product.
The foregoing describes only some embodiments of the present invention and modifications and variations thereof will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a production facility of ceramic ring, includes embryo forming die and idiosome processingequipment, embryo forming die is used for the idiosome shaping, idiosome processingequipment is used for the processing of shaping back idiosome, its characterized in that:
the green body forming die comprises an upper die, a middle die, a lower die and a middle core rod, wherein a die cavity is arranged in the middle die, the upper die and the lower die are respectively positioned right above and right below the die cavity in a lifting manner, the middle core rod is inserted into the center of the lower die from the bottom of the lower die and penetrates through the center of the lower die, the upper part of the lower die enters the die cavity when the die is closed, the middle core rod penetrates through the lower die and is arranged in the die cavity, the die cavity is filled with filling materials, the lower part of the upper die enters the die cavity, the upper part of the middle core rod is arranged in the upper die, and the upper die and the lower die oppositely run to be pressed into a green body;
the blank processing device comprises a numerically-controlled machine tool pneumatic chuck, an elastic clamp and a numerically-controlled machine tool cutter holder, wherein the elastic clamp is clamped on the numerically-controlled machine tool pneumatic chuck, the blank is assembled in the elastic clamp, and the numerically-controlled machine tool cutter holder is provided with an outer circle cutter, an inner hole taper cutter, an inner hole grooving cutter and an inner hole thread cutter.
2. The apparatus for producing a ceramic ring according to claim 1, wherein the green body molding die further includes a side through-hole core rod which is inserted from a bottom of the lower die and penetrates the die cavity to enter the upper die.
3. The apparatus for producing a ceramic ring according to claim 2, wherein the blank-forming mold further comprises a side blind hole mandrel, the side blind hole mandrel is inserted into the mold cavity from the bottom of the lower mold, and the length of the side blind hole mandrel inserted into the mold cavity is adjustable.
4. The apparatus for producing ceramic rings according to claim 3, wherein the upper portion of the center core rod is flush with the upper surface of the middle mold and the upper portion of the side through-hole core rod is flush with the upper surface of the middle mold when the molds are closed.
5. The ceramic ring production equipment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the elastic fixture comprises a fixing portion and a clamping portion, the fixing portion and the clamping portion are different in outer diameter and form a step shape, a stepped hole is formed in the clamping portion to clamp the blank, the fixing portion is provided with a first open slot, the clamping portion is provided with a second open slot, the second open slot extends to the fixing portion, the first open slot and the second open slot are arranged in a staggered mode, and high-elasticity rubber can be filled in the first open slot and the second open slot.
6. A process for producing ceramic rings by using the apparatus for producing ceramic rings according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1: the lower die is lifted, the upper part of the lower die enters a die cavity of the middle die, the middle core rod enters from the bottom of the lower die and penetrates through the lower die to reach the die cavity, the height of the middle core rod in the die cavity needs to be higher than the thickness of the formed blank, and a charging space for charging the filler is formed by the outer wall of the middle core rod, the upper surface of the lower die and the die cavity;
s2: feeding powdery raw materials into the charging space;
s3: the upper die is lowered, the lower part of the upper die enters the die cavity, and the upper die is sleeved on the upper part of the middle core rod;
s4: the upper die and the lower die are pressed simultaneously to increase the density of the powdery raw material, so that the powdery raw material is compacted into a blank, and the densities of the upper part and the lower part of the formed blank are consistent;
s5: keeping the relative positions of the upper die and the lower die in the S4 unchanged, synchronously driving the positions of the upper die and the lower die to rise, and ejecting the blank out of the die cavity of the middle die;
s6: the upper die is lifted to leave the upper surface of the blank body, and the blank body is taken down;
s7: resetting the lower die and the middle core rod;
s8: placing the blank taken out in the step S6 in an elastic fixture, and clamping the blank after a numerically-controlled machine tool pneumatic chuck clamps the elastic fixture;
s9: finely processing the blank by using a cutter of a numerical control machine tool to obtain a processed product;
s10: loosening the elastic clamp and taking out the processed product;
s11: and sintering the processed product into porcelain.
7. The process for producing a ceramic ring according to claim 6, wherein the finishing in step S9 includes the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: processing a first end face, a second end face and an outer circular face by using an outer circular cutter;
step two: processing a first inner hole and a second inner hole by using an inner hole cutter;
step three: machining a taper hole by using an inner hole taper cutter;
step four: processing a tool withdrawal groove by using an inner hole grooving cutter;
step five: and machining an internal thread on the second inner hole by using an inner hole thread cutter to obtain a machined product.
8. The process of claim 6, wherein in step S1, after the middle core rod penetrates through the lower mold to reach the mold cavity, the upper part of the middle core rod is flush with the upper surface of the middle mold.
9. The process for producing a ceramic ring as claimed in claim 8, wherein the operation of step S3 is performed after the operation of step S2 of feeding the powdery raw material into the charging space is completed and is suspended for one second.
10. The process for producing a ceramic ring according to claim 8, wherein the step S1, which is synchronized with the center core rod entering the cavity, further comprises a side through hole core rod and a side blind hole core rod, wherein the upper part of the side through hole core rod is flush with the upper surface of the middle mold after the side through hole core rod reaches the cavity, and the length of the side blind hole core rod entering the cavity is adjustable and is smaller than the thickness of the molded blank.
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