CN114083006B - Composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals - Google Patents
Composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals Download PDFInfo
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- CN114083006B CN114083006B CN202111675135.4A CN202111675135A CN114083006B CN 114083006 B CN114083006 B CN 114083006B CN 202111675135 A CN202111675135 A CN 202111675135A CN 114083006 B CN114083006 B CN 114083006B
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- blade
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- machining
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/005—Geometry of the chip-forming or the clearance planes, e.g. tool angles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals, which comprises a blade, wherein the blade is provided with a large cutting groove, and the large cutting groove comprises a first cutting edge, a first negative chamfer, a first front cutter face, a first transition arc and a first chip removing face; a blade tip is arranged at the included angle of the blade, a small cutting deep groove is formed in the blade tip, the small cutting deep groove comprises a second cutting edge, a second negative chamfer, a second front blade surface, a second transition circular arc and a second anti-chip surface, and the second anti-chip surface is connected with the first front blade surface; wherein: the small cutting groove is used for finish machining of hard metal, and when the small cutting groove is used for machining of hard metal materials, the large cutting groove does not participate in working, the large cutting groove is used for rough machining of soft metal, and the small cutting groove serves as a blade point and is completely cut into a workpiece. It has the following advantages: the processing of soft and hard metal can be realized, the tool changing time is saved, and the application field of the superhard material tool can be expanded; the processing precision is improved; reduce the cutter abrasion, improve the processing efficiency, expand the application field of the superhard material cutter and generate great economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutters, in particular to a composite structure superhard material cutter capable of machining soft and hard metals.
Background
With the development of metal cutting technology, the cutter technology gradually develops towards the directions of high efficiency, high precision, long service life and the like, so that the cutter changing is avoided in the cutting process, the consistency of precision and reference is kept, the cutter abrasion can be reduced in the cutting process, effective chip breaking can be realized, and the high efficiency, the high precision and the long service life of the cutting process are ensured.
Because the actual working position of the prior superhard material blade is only at the blade tip part when the superhard material blade is used for processing hard metal materials, the groove shapes of the prior superhard material blades are distributed at the blade tip part, and the blades are only suitable for processing materials such as hardened steel, high-temperature alloy and the like. For example, curved groove-shaped chip breakers at the tool nose as described in CN101695760a, V-shaped chip breakers at the tool nose as described in CN206230038U, and frustum-shaped chip breakers welded on the rake face of the tool nose as described in CN204867480U, which are distributed at the tool nose, are designed for cutting hardened steel mainly for effective chip breaking and reducing wear of the rake face of the blade. Therefore, the current situations limit the processing technology and the application field of the superhard material cutter, and the application of the superhard material cutter is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a superhard material cutter with a composite structure for processing soft and hard metals, which overcomes the defects in the background technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the cutter comprises a blade (1), wherein the blade (1) is provided with large cutting grooves which are annularly arranged, and the cross section of the bottom of each large cutting groove comprises a first cutting edge (8), a first negative chamfer (9), a first front cutter face (7), a first transition arc (10) and a first anti-chip face (11) which are sequentially connected from outside to inside; the included angle of the blade (1) is set as a blade tip, the blade tip is provided with a small cutting deep groove, the cross section of the bottom of the small cutting deep groove comprises a second cutting edge (2), a second negative chamfer (3), a second front blade surface (4), a second transition arc (5) and a second chip-removing surface (6) which are sequentially connected from outside to inside, and the second chip-removing surface (6) is connected with a first front blade surface (7); wherein: the small cutting groove is used for finish machining of hard metal, and when the small cutting groove is used for machining of hard metal materials, the large cutting groove does not participate in working, the large cutting groove is used for rough machining of soft metal, and the small cutting groove serves as a blade point and is completely cut into a workpiece.
In one embodiment: the first cutting edge (8) and the second cutting edge (2) are both in an arc structure.
In one embodiment: the blade (1) includes a blade base body (13) and a blade coating layer (12) coated on the blade base body (13).
In one embodiment: the blade substrate (13) is a diamond, PCBN or cemented carbide blade, and the blade coating (12) is TiAlN, tiN or TiCN.
In one embodiment: the radius r of the second cutting edge (2) of the small cutting deep groove 1 0.01-0.04 μm, height h 1 Is 0.04-0.08mm, and the angle gamma of the second negative chamfer (3) 01 Is 15-35 degrees, and the groove-shaped front angle gamma of the second rake face (4) 1 Is 6-14 mm, and the radius R of the second transition arc (5) is 1 Is 0.1mm, and the chip-reflecting angle alpha of the second chip-reflecting surface (6) 1 Is 30-50 degrees and the width H of the groove 1 Is 0.15-0.35mm.
In one embodiment: the first cutting edge (8) of the large cutting deep groove is halfDiameter r 2 0.01-0.05 μm, the first negative chamfer (9) chamfer height h 2 Is 0.2-0.4mm, and the first negative chamfer (9) has a chamfer angle gamma 02 Is 15-35 degrees, and the groove-shaped front angle gamma of the first rake face (7) 2 Is 9-21 mm, and the radius R of the transition arc of the first transition arc (10) 2 Is 0.4mm, and the chip-reflecting angle alpha of the first chip-reflecting surface (11) 2 Is 35-55 degrees and the width H of the groove 2 Is 1.5-3.5mm.
In one embodiment: the blade (1) is an indexable double-sided blade, and the shape of the blade is regular triangle, quadrangle, pentagon, convex triangle or circle.
In one embodiment: the tool being a turning, milling, boring or drilling tool
Compared with the background technology, the technical scheme has the following advantages:
the small cutting groove is arranged at a tool nose and used for finish machining of hard metal, and the large cutting groove does not participate in working when the hard metal material is machined in a small cutting way, the small cutting groove comprises a second cutting edge, a second negative chamfer, a second front tool face, a second transition arc and a second anti-chip face, the large cutting groove is used for rough machining of soft metal, the small cutting groove serves as a tool nose of the blade and is completely cut into a workpiece, the large cutting groove comprises a first cutting edge, a first negative chamfer, a first front tool face, a first transition arc and a first anti-chip face, and one of the large cutting groove and the large cutting groove can be used for machining of soft and hard metal, tool changing time is saved, and the application field of the superhard material tool can be expanded; secondly, the processing precision is improved; thirdly, the problems that the tool is seriously worn, the speed is difficult to increase, chips are difficult to break and the like in the cutting process are solved, the tool wear is reduced, the processing efficiency is improved, the application field of the superhard material tool is expanded, and great economic benefits are generated.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cutter according to an embodiment.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tip of an insert of an embodiment of the tool.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a large depth cut groove of an embodiment of the tool.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an insert and a coating structure of the cutter according to the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a turning tool of an embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of an embodiment of a milling cutter.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a boring tool according to an embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment drilling tool.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional dimension view of an embodiment of a small cutting depth groove of an insert.
Fig. 10 is a sectional dimension view of a large cutting depth groove of an embodiment of an insert.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the composite superhard material cutting tool capable of processing soft and hard metals comprises a superhard material blade 1, wherein the blade 1 is provided with a large cutting groove D which is annularly arranged, and the cross section of the bottom of the large cutting groove comprises a first cutting edge 8, a first negative chamfer 9, a first rake face 7, a first transition arc 10 and a first chip-removing face 11 which are sequentially connected from outside to inside; the 1 contained angle department of this blade establishes the blade knife tip, and little depth of cut groove C is established to this blade knife tip, and this little depth of cut groove tank bottom cross section includes by outer 2, the negative chamfer of second 3, second rake face 4, second transition circular arc 5 and the anti-bits face of second 6 of connecting according to the preface to interior, and the anti-bits face of second 6 is connected first rake face 7. The blade 1 comprises a blade substrate 13 and a blade coating 12 coated on the blade substrate 13, the blade substrate 13 is a diamond, PCBN or hard alloy blade, and the blade coating 12 is a wear-resistant coating of TiAlN, tiN or TiCN, and has the advantages of wear resistance and adhesion resistance, and the large and small cutting grooves can be formed by grinding or laser processing. The first cutting edge 8 and the second cutting edge 2 are both in a circular arc structure.
When the cutter works: the small cutting deep groove C can be used for finish machining (small cutting deep machining) of hard metal, and when the hard metal material is machined in the small cutting deep mode, the large cutting deep groove does not participate in working, the small cutting deep grooves are distributed at the tool tip part and can be used for realizing finish machining in the small cutting deep machining, if the cutting depth range of the small cutting deep machining is 0.05mm-0.3mm, in the small cutting deep machining process: the second cutting edge 2 and the second negative chamfer 3 can enhance the strength of the insert, and the second rake surface 4 and the second chip removing surface 6 can make chips bent reversely, and the chips are broken when encountering an unprocessed surface as the cutting process progresses. The large cutting deep groove D can be used for rough machining (large cutting deep machining) of soft metal, the cutting depth range of the large cutting deep machining is 0.2mm-3mm, the small cutting deep groove C serves as a cutter point of a cutter blade and is completely cut into a workpiece, and in the process of the large cutting deep machining: the first cutting edge 8 and the first negative chamfer 9 can enhance the strength of the insert, and the first rake face 7 and the first chip removing face 11 can bend chips in a reaction manner, so that the chips are broken when encountering an unprocessed surface as the cutting process progresses. The hard metal includes, for example, hardened steel with an HRC45 or higher, wear-resistant cast iron, heat-resistant alloy with an HRC35 or higher, pearlite gray cast iron with an HRC30 or lower and other inserts difficult to machine, and the soft metal includes, for example, alloy steel with an HRC35 or lower, stainless steel, and the like. The blade may also be used to process some multi-hardness metallic materials or materials that are softer before quenching and hardened after quenching, such as: the large cutting deep groove D is adopted for rough machining before quenching, and the small cutting deep groove C is adopted for finish machining after quenching, so that the tool changing time can be saved, the machining precision can be improved, the blade consumption can be reduced, the application field of the superhard material tool can be expanded by adopting the design, and huge economic benefits can be generated.
Referring to FIG. 9, the radius r of the second cutting edge 2 of the small cutting groove C 1 0.01-0.04 μm, height h 1 0.04-0.08mm, and a second negative chamfer angle gamma 01 Is 15-35 degrees, and the 4-groove-shaped front angle gamma of the second rake face 1 Is 6-14 mm, and the radius R of the second transition arc 5 transition arc 1 0.1mm, and a chip-reflecting angle alpha of the second chip-reflecting surface 6 1 Is 30-50 degrees and the width H of the groove 1 Is 0.15-0.35mm. Referring to FIG. 10, the radius r of the first cutting edge 8 of the large cutting groove D 2 0.01-0.05 μm, the chamfering height h of the first negative chamfer 9 2 0.2-0.4mm, the first negative chamfer 9 has a chamfer angle gamma 02 Is 15-35 degrees, and a 7-groove-shaped front angle gamma of the first front tool surface 2 9-21 mm, a first transition arc 10 transition arc radius R 2 0.4mm, the first chip-removing surface 11 has a chip-removing angle alpha 2 Is 35-55 degrees and the width H of the groove 2 Is 1.5-3.5mm. By adopting the numerical limitation, the abrasion of the cutter can be reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved.
The cutter of the embodiment is an indexable double-sided insert, and the shape of the cutter can be regular triangle, quadrangle, pentagon, convex triangle, circle, rhombus and the like.
The tool can be used for turning, milling, boring, drilling and the like, and specifically comprises the following components: please refer to fig. 5, which is used for turning and includes a cutter and a turning tool holder 14, wherein the cutter is fixedly connected to the turning tool holder 14; referring to fig. 6, the milling tool includes a cutting tool and a milling cutter holder 15, and the cutting tool is fixedly connected to the milling cutter holder 15; referring to fig. 7, the boring tool for boring includes a tool and a boring tool holder 16, wherein the tool is fixedly connected to the boring tool holder 16; referring to fig. 8, for drilling, it comprises a tool and a drill holder 17, the tool being attached to the drill holder 17.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals is characterized in that: the cutting tool comprises a blade (1), wherein the blade (1) is provided with a large cutting groove which is annularly arranged, and the cross section of the bottom of the large cutting groove comprises a first cutting edge (8), a first negative chamfer (9), a first front tool face (7), a first transition arc (10) and a first chip removing face (11) which are sequentially connected from outside to inside; the included angle of the blade (1) is provided with a blade tip, the blade tip is provided with a small cutting deep groove, the cross section of the bottom of the small cutting deep groove comprises a second cutting edge (2), a second negative chamfer (3), a second front blade surface (4), a second transition arc (5) and a second chip-removing surface (6) which are sequentially connected from outside to inside, and the second chip-removing surface (6) is connected with a first front blade surface (7); wherein: the small cutting groove is used for finish machining of hard metal, the large cutting groove does not participate in working when the hard metal material is subjected to small cutting and deep machining, the large cutting groove is used for rough machining of soft metal, and the small cutting groove serves as a blade tip to be completely cut into a workpiece.
2. A composite superhard material cutter for machining soft and hard metals according to claim 1, wherein: the first cutting edge (8) and the second cutting edge (2) are both in an arc structure.
3. A superhard material cutter of composite construction for machining soft or hard metals according to claim 1, wherein: the blade (1) includes a blade base body (13) and a blade coating layer (12) coated on the blade base body (13).
4. A composite superhard material cutter capable of machining soft and hard metals according to claim 3, wherein: the blade substrate (13) is a diamond, PCBN or cemented carbide blade, and the blade coating (12) is TiAlN, tiN or TiCN.
5. A composite superhard material cutter capable of machining soft and hard metals according to claim 2, wherein: the radius r of the second cutting edge (2) of the small cutting deep groove 1 0.01-0.04 μm, height h 1 Is 0.04-0.08mm, and the angle gamma of the second negative chamfer (3) 01 Is 15-35 degrees, and the groove-shaped front angle gamma of the second rake face (4) 1 Is 6-14 mm, and the radius R of the second transition arc (5) is 1 Is 0.1mm, and the chip-reflecting angle alpha of the second chip-reflecting surface (6) 1 Is 30-50 degrees and the width H of the groove 1 Is 0.15-0.35mm.
6. A composite superhard material cutter capable of machining soft and hard metals according to claim 2, wherein: the radius r of the first cutting edge (8) of the large cutting deep groove 2 0.01-0.05 μm, the chamfering height h of the first negative chamfer (9) 2 Is 0.2-0.4mm, and the first negative chamfer (9) has a chamfer angle gamma 02 Is 15-35 degrees, and the groove-shaped front angle gamma of the first rake face (7) 2 9-21 mm, the first transition arc (10) has a transition arc radius R 2 Is 0.4mm, and the chip-reflecting angle alpha of the first chip-reflecting surface (11) 2 Is 35-55 degrees and the width H of the groove 2 Is 1.5-3.5mm.
7. A composite superhard material cutter for machining soft and hard metals according to claim 1, wherein: the blade (1) is an indexable double-sided blade and is in the shape of a regular triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, a convex triangle or a circle.
8. A composite superhard material cutter for machining soft and hard metals according to claim 1, wherein: the tool is a turning, milling, boring or drilling tool.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111675135.4A CN114083006B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals |
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| CN202111675135.4A CN114083006B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals |
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| CN114083006A CN114083006A (en) | 2022-02-25 |
| CN114083006B true CN114083006B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2636870B1 (en) * | 1988-09-29 | 1994-05-13 | Safety Sa | CUTTING INSERT |
| IL111367A0 (en) * | 1994-10-23 | 1994-12-29 | Iscar Ltd | An exchangeable cutting insert |
| DE19920192A1 (en) * | 1999-05-03 | 2000-11-16 | Kennametal Inc | Cutting insert, especially indexable insert |
| JP4102202B2 (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2008-06-18 | 京セラ株式会社 | Cutting insert |
| JP4413208B2 (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2010-02-10 | 株式会社タンガロイ | Throwaway tip |
| JP5260924B2 (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2013-08-14 | 京セラ株式会社 | Cutting insert, cutting tool using the same, and cutting method |
| DE202007017088U1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2008-04-24 | Jakob Lach Gmbh & Co. Kg | Cutting tool for the machining of workpieces |
| CN104400029A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-11 | 江西稀有稀土金属钨业集团有限公司 | Preparation method for effectively improving use property of indexable cutter blade |
| EP3560638B1 (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2021-01-13 | AB Sandvik Coromant | Turning insert |
| CN110000400A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-12 | 株洲欧科亿数控精密刀具股份有限公司 | A kind of two-sided groove profile cutting tip |
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