CN114082888B - Low-cost environment-friendly water-soluble sand core mould and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-cost environment-friendly water-soluble sand core mould and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114082888B CN114082888B CN202111215332.8A CN202111215332A CN114082888B CN 114082888 B CN114082888 B CN 114082888B CN 202111215332 A CN202111215332 A CN 202111215332A CN 114082888 B CN114082888 B CN 114082888B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003823 mortar mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 78
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000028571 Occupational disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-cost environment-friendly water-soluble sand core mould and a preparation method thereof, wherein the water-soluble sand core mould comprises a base material and a water-soluble adhesive, the base material comprises river sand, the water-soluble adhesive comprises a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and the mass ratio of the river sand to the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is (5-10): 1. The preparation method comprises the steps of coating a release agent, preparing a polyvinyl alcohol solution, mixing mortar, filling, solidifying and demolding; the water-soluble sand core mould has the advantages of 9.7-19.9 MPa of average compressive strength at room temperature, 3.6-7.5 MPa of average compressive strength at 150 ℃, 1.66-1.75 g/cm <3 > of average density and 5-6 min of dissolution time in room temperature water, thereby reducing the production cost and improving the production efficiency and the product quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water-soluble sand core mould materials, in particular to a low-cost environment-friendly water-soluble sand core mould and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The water-soluble sand core mould is widely applied to the forming of winding shells due to the advantages of high strength, high modulus, simple demoulding, easy processing and the like. The water-soluble adhesive and the inorganic material are mixed and bonded together according to a certain proportion, then a proper process technology is adopted for molding, and the demolding of the shell is completed through a water-soluble method after the shell is molded. The water-soluble adhesive used at home and abroad mainly comprises polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylate, and the filler mainly comprises expensive quartz sand, urea and the like. Zhang Fang et al (Zhang Fang, yan Yongxia, tan Fang, water-soluble core mold Performance and application research [ J ], aerospace manufacturing technique, 2012 (6), 53-60) prepared a water-soluble core mold using silica sand as the substrate, and compared to particle size, it was seen that the larger the mesh size, the better the mechanical properties. Wang Xinling et al (Wang Xinling, fuchenglong, li Cailin, xie Jimin, study on the performance of a high temperature resistant water-soluble sand core mould for polymer matrix composites [ J ], plastics industry, 2019,47 (4), 105-109) use quartz sand as a base material to prepare a low-cost water-soluble core mould easy to form, which can meet the temperature requirement of resin matrix composites in forming and can also be removed by water dissolution after the composite is formed.
At present, the filler taking polyvinyl alcohol as an adhesive is mainly quartz sand, but the quartz sand is expensive, the economy is poor in the batch production process, on the other hand, the quartz sand system has the problems of large dust, poor demolding process and the like, and great influence is caused on the occupational health of site operators, so that an inorganic filler with lower cost is required to be searched for manufacturing a water-soluble sand core mold with high mechanical property, the production cost is reduced, the production efficiency is improved, and the operation environment is improved.
Based on the above situation, the invention provides a low-cost environment-friendly water-soluble sand core mould and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of the prior art, the invention provides a low-cost environment-friendly light high-strength water-soluble core mold material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the sample prepared from the material has the average compressive strength of 9.7-19.9 MPa at room temperature, the average compressive strength of 3.6-7.5 MPa at 150 ℃, the average density of 1.66-1.75 g/cm 3 and the dissolution time in room temperature water of 5-6 min, thereby playing the roles of reducing the production cost and improving the production efficiency and the product quality.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
In a first aspect, the invention provides a low-cost environment-friendly water-soluble sand core mould, which comprises a base material and a water-soluble adhesive, wherein the base material comprises river sand, the water-soluble adhesive comprises a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and the mass ratio of the river sand to the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is (5-10): 1. If the ratio is lower than 5:1, the water content is too high, and the formed mortar mixed material has too high fluidity in the sand core mould forming process and cannot be compacted; if the ratio is higher than 10:1, the water content is reduced, meanwhile, the content of polyvinyl alcohol is reduced, the mortar mixing is easy to be uneven during stirring, holes are easy to be formed after the molding surface of the sand core mold is trimmed, and the use of the sand core mold is affected. The optimum value is 7:1.
Preferably, the mesh number of the river sand is in the range of 50 to 80 mesh. The mesh range is obtained according to the surface smoothness of the sand core mould, the strength of the sand core mould and the purchase cost, if the mesh is too small, the surface of the core mould is rough, the strength of the sand core mould can be reduced, and if the mesh is too large, the purchase cost is higher.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is in the range of 10-20%. If a larger mass fraction is selected, the dissolution time is too long, affecting the efficiency, and if the mass fraction is too small, the emphasis is on a decrease, this data and what is shown in the examples.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of making a low cost environmentally friendly water soluble core mold, the method comprising:
And (3) coating a release agent: uniformly coating a layer of release agent on the inner surface of the sand core mold forming tool, and curing for a period of time at room temperature for later use;
Preparing a polyvinyl alcohol solution: weighing water and polyvinyl alcohol according to the designed mass fraction, pouring the water and the polyvinyl alcohol into a container, mechanically stirring the mixture uniformly in a water bath until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, and then cooling the mixture to room temperature;
and (3) mortar mixing: pouring the dried river sand and the prepared polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution into a sand mixer according to the designed mass ratio, and uniformly mixing and stirring;
filling and curing: pouring the uniformly mixed mortar into the sand core mold forming tool for compaction, filling the mortar into the end face of an opening of the forming tool, and finally placing the mortar into an oven for heating and curing treatment, and cooling the mortar to room temperature along with a furnace;
demolding: and (5) removing the cooled sand core mould from the sand core mould forming tool to obtain the water-soluble sand core mould.
Preferably, in the step of preparing the polyvinyl alcohol solution, the mass ratio of water to polyvinyl alcohol is (4 to 9): 1.
Preferably, in the step of preparing the polyvinyl alcohol solution, the water bath temperature is 100 ℃.
Preferably, in the step of mixing the mortar, the mixing and stirring time is 20-30 min.
Preferably, in the step of filling and curing, the temperature in the oven is gradually increased from room temperature to 130 ℃, and the curing time period is 20 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. River sand which has a small difference with quartz sand in mesh number but has a price of only about 1/3 of that of the river sand is selected as a base material, so that the production cost is reduced.
2. The natural river sand particles are more round than the quartz sand obtained by mechanical crushing, and the bonding area between the natural river sand particles and the water-soluble adhesive is larger, so that the natural river sand particles can still prepare a compact high-strength core mold under a smaller mesh number.
3. The sand core mould prepared from river sand can not generate a large amount of dust in the machining process, so that occupational disease harm is reduced.
Detailed Description
For the convenience of explanation of the present invention, the present invention will be further explained with reference to the following examples, but is not limited to the following.
Example 1:
the low-cost environment-friendly water-soluble sand core mould is obtained by the following steps:
(1) And (3) coating a release agent: uniformly coating a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber release agent on the inner surface of the sand core mold forming tool, and curing for more than 24 hours at room temperature;
(2) Preparing a polyvinyl alcohol solution: tap water is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: accurately weighing and pouring polyvinyl alcohol=5:1 into a stainless steel barrel, mechanically stirring uniformly in a water bath at 100 ℃ until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, cooling to room temperature, and preserving for later use;
(3) And (3) mortar mixing: pouring the dried 50-80 mesh river sand and the polyvinyl alcohol solution prepared in the above way into a mechanical sand mixer according to the mass ratio of 7:1, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 20min;
(4) Filling and curing: pouring the mixed mortar into the sand core mold forming tool, requiring batch pouring, batch pneumatic compaction, finally filling the mortar into the opening end face of the forming tool, then placing the mortar into an oven, gradually heating the mortar from room temperature to 130 ℃, curing for 20 hours, and then cooling the mortar to room temperature along with a furnace;
(5) Demolding: and (5) removing the cooled sand core mould from the sand core mould forming tool to obtain the water-soluble sand core mould.
The prepared water-soluble sand core mold was machined into compressed samples, the sizes of which were 40mm×40mm×62mm, and the number of which was 5. The average compressive strength at room temperature was 19.9MPa, the average compressive strength at 150℃was 7.5MPa, the average density was 1.75g/cm 3, and the dissolution time in water was 6 minutes.
Example 2:
the low-cost environment-friendly water-soluble sand core mould is obtained by the following steps:
(1) And (3) coating a release agent: uniformly coating a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber release agent on the inner surface of the sand core mold forming tool, and curing for more than 24 hours at room temperature;
(2) Preparing a polyvinyl alcohol solution: tap water is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: accurately weighing and pouring polyvinyl alcohol=6:1 into a stainless steel barrel, mechanically stirring uniformly in a water bath at 100 ℃ until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, cooling to room temperature, and preserving for later use;
(3) And (3) mortar mixing: pouring the dried 50-80 mesh river sand and the polyvinyl alcohol solution prepared in the above way into a mechanical sand mixer according to the mass ratio of 7:1, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 20min.
(4) Filling and curing: pouring the mixed mortar into the sand core mold forming tool, requiring batch pouring, batch pneumatic compaction, finally filling the mortar into the opening end face of the forming tool, then placing the mortar into an oven, gradually heating the mortar from room temperature to 130 ℃, curing for 20 hours, and then cooling the mortar to room temperature along with a furnace;
(5) Demolding: and (5) removing the cooled sand core mould from the sand core mould forming tool to obtain the water-soluble sand core mould.
The prepared water-soluble sand core mold was machined into compressed samples, the sizes of which were 40mm×40mm×62mm, and the number of which was 5. The average compressive strength at room temperature was 15.8MPa, the average compressive strength at 150℃was 5.6MPa, the average density was 1.70g/cm 3, and the dissolution time in water was 6 minutes.
Example 3:
the low-cost environment-friendly water-soluble sand core mould is obtained by the following steps:
(1) And (3) coating a release agent: uniformly coating a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber release agent on the inner surface of the sand core mold forming tool, and curing for more than 24 hours at room temperature;
(2) Preparing a polyvinyl alcohol solution: tap water is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: accurately weighing and pouring polyvinyl alcohol=4:1 into a stainless steel barrel, mechanically stirring uniformly in a water bath at 100 ℃ until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, cooling to room temperature, and preserving for later use;
(3) And (3) mortar mixing: pouring the dried 50-80 mesh river sand and the polyvinyl alcohol solution prepared in the above way into a mechanical sand mixer according to the mass ratio of 5:1, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 30min;
(4) Filling and curing: pouring the mixed mortar into the sand core mold forming tool, requiring batch pouring, batch pneumatic compaction, finally filling the mortar into the opening end face of the forming tool, then placing the mortar into an oven, gradually heating the mortar from room temperature to 130 ℃, curing for 20 hours, and then cooling the mortar to room temperature along with a furnace;
(5) Demolding: and (5) removing the cooled sand core mould from the sand core mould forming tool to obtain the water-soluble sand core mould.
The prepared water-soluble sand core mold was machined into compressed samples, the sizes of which were 40mm×40mm×62mm, and the number of which was 5. The average compressive strength at room temperature was measured to be 10.4MPa, the average compressive strength at 150℃was measured to be 4.6MPa, the average density was measured to be 1.66g/cm 3, and the dissolution time in water was 5 minutes.
Example 4:
the low-cost environment-friendly water-soluble sand core mould is obtained by the following steps:
(1) And (3) coating a release agent: uniformly coating a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber release agent on the inner surface of the sand core mold forming tool, and curing for more than 24 hours at room temperature;
(2) Preparing a polyvinyl alcohol solution: tap water is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: accurately weighing and pouring polyvinyl alcohol=9:1 into a stainless steel barrel, mechanically stirring uniformly in a water bath at 100 ℃ until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, cooling to room temperature, and preserving for later use;
(3) And (3) mortar mixing: pouring the dried 50-80 mesh river sand and the polyvinyl alcohol solution prepared in the above way into a mechanical sand mixer according to the mass ratio of 10:1, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 25min;
(4) Filling and curing: pouring the mixed mortar into the sand core mold forming tool, requiring batch pouring, batch pneumatic compaction, finally filling the mortar into the opening end face of the forming tool, then placing the mortar into an oven, gradually heating the mortar from room temperature to 130 ℃, curing for 20 hours, and then cooling the mortar to room temperature along with a furnace;
(5) Demolding: and (5) removing the cooled sand core mould from the sand core mould forming tool to obtain the water-soluble sand core mould.
The prepared water-soluble sand core mold was machined into compressed samples, the sizes of which were 40mm×40mm×62mm, and the number of which was 5. The average compressive strength at room temperature was 9.7MPa, the average compressive strength at 150℃was 3.8MPa, the average density was 1.68g/cm 3, and the dissolution time in water was 5 minutes.
Example 5:
the low-cost environment-friendly water-soluble sand core mould is obtained by the following steps:
(1) And (3) coating a release agent: uniformly coating a layer of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber release agent on the inner surface of the sand core mold forming tool, and curing for more than 24 hours at room temperature;
(2) Preparing a polyvinyl alcohol solution: tap water is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: accurately weighing and pouring polyvinyl alcohol=6:1 into a stainless steel barrel, mechanically stirring uniformly in a water bath at 100 ℃ until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, cooling to room temperature, and preserving for later use;
(3) And (3) mortar mixing: pouring the dried 50-80 mesh river sand and the polyvinyl alcohol solution prepared in the above way into a mechanical sand mixer according to the mass ratio of 5:1, uniformly mixing, and stirring for 25min;
(4) Filling and curing: pouring the mixed mortar into the sand core mold forming tool, requiring batch pouring, batch pneumatic compaction, finally filling the mortar into the opening end face of the forming tool, then placing the mortar into an oven, gradually heating the mortar from room temperature to 130 ℃, curing for 20 hours, and then cooling the mortar to room temperature along with a furnace;
(5) Demolding: and (5) removing the cooled sand core mould from the sand core mould forming tool to obtain the water-soluble sand core mould.
The prepared water-soluble sand core mold was machined into compressed samples, the sizes of which were 40mm×40mm×62mm, and the number of which was 5. The average compressive strength at room temperature was measured to be 10.1MPa, the average compressive strength at 150℃was measured to be 3.6MPa, the average density was measured to be 1.69g/cm 3, and the dissolution time in water was 5 minutes.
In the above examples 1 to 5, PVA-1788 was used as the polyvinyl alcohol, and the maximum solubility in water at 60℃or higher was 380g/L, and the mass fraction was 27.5%.
Comparative example:
the quartz sand core mold sample manufactured by Ma Juan et al (light-weight structure core mold molding method, CN 112405959A) is measured to have the average compressive strength of 12.3MPa at room temperature, the average compressive strength of 5.8MPa at 150 ℃, the average density of 1.64g/cm 3 and the dissolution time in water of 21min.
As is clear from the above examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples, the samples manufactured by the material of the present invention have an average compressive strength at room temperature of 9.7 to 19.9MPa, an average compressive strength at 150 ℃ of 3.6 to 7.5MPa, an average density of 1.66 to 1.75g/cm 3, and a dissolution time in warm water of 5 to 6 minutes, and the properties of the samples can reach the effect equivalent to or even superior to that of a quartz sand core mold, thereby achieving the effects of reducing the production cost, and improving the production efficiency and the product quality.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiment should not be construed as limiting the invention, and the scope of the invention should be defined by the appended claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a low-cost environmental protection water-soluble sand mandrel, includes substrate and water-soluble adhesive, its characterized in that: the base material comprises river sand, the water-soluble adhesive comprises a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, and the mass ratio of the river sand to the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is (5-10): 1;
The mesh number of the river sand ranges from 50 meshes to 80 meshes; the mass fraction range of the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 10% -20%;
The water-soluble sand core die has the average compression strength of 9.7-19.9 MPa at room temperature, the average compression strength of 3.6-7.5 MPa at 150 ℃, the average density of 1.66-1.75 g/cm 3 and the dissolution time in water of 5-6 min.
2. A low cost, environmentally friendly water soluble sand core mold as defined in claim 1 wherein: the mass ratio of the river sand to the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution is 7:1.
3. A method of making the low cost, environmentally friendly water soluble core mold of any one of claims 1-2, said method comprising:
And (3) coating a release agent: uniformly coating a layer of release agent on the inner surface of the sand core mold forming tool, and curing for a period of time at room temperature for later use;
Preparing a polyvinyl alcohol solution: weighing water and polyvinyl alcohol according to the designed mass fraction, pouring the water and the polyvinyl alcohol into a container, mechanically stirring the mixture uniformly in a water bath until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved, and then cooling the mixture to room temperature;
and (3) mortar mixing: pouring the dried river sand and the prepared polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution into a sand mixer according to the designed mass ratio, and uniformly mixing and stirring;
filling and curing: pouring the uniformly mixed mortar into the sand core mold forming tool for compaction, filling the mortar into the end face of an opening of the forming tool, and finally placing the mortar into an oven for heating and curing treatment, and cooling the mortar to room temperature along with a furnace;
demolding: and (5) removing the cooled sand core mould from the sand core mould forming tool to obtain the water-soluble sand core mould.
4. A method of making a low cost, environmentally friendly water soluble core mold according to claim 3, wherein: in the step of preparing the polyvinyl alcohol solution, the mass ratio of water to polyvinyl alcohol is (4-9): 1.
5. A method of making a low cost, environmentally friendly water soluble core mold according to claim 3, wherein: in the preparation step of the polyvinyl alcohol solution, the water bath temperature is 100 ℃.
6. A method of making a low cost, environmentally friendly water soluble core mold according to claim 3, wherein: in the step of mixing the mortar, the mixing and stirring time is 20-30 min.
7. A method of making a low cost, environmentally friendly water soluble core mold according to claim 3, wherein: in the filling and curing steps, the temperature in the oven is gradually increased from room temperature to 130 ℃, and the curing time is 20h.
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