CN114079629B - Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) determining method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) determining method, device, equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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CN114079629B
CN114079629B CN202010807524.7A CN202010807524A CN114079629B CN 114079629 B CN114079629 B CN 114079629B CN 202010807524 A CN202010807524 A CN 202010807524A CN 114079629 B CN114079629 B CN 114079629B
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mtu
network device
value
threshold
network
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CN114079629A (en
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曹银龙
张耀坤
方晟
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/24—Multipath
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/02—Topology update or discovery
    • H04L45/04—Interdomain routing, e.g. hierarchical routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/123—Evaluation of link metrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/16—Multipoint routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/50—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using label swapping, e.g. multi-protocol label switch [MPLS]

Abstract

The application discloses a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for determining a Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU), and belongs to the technical field of communication. In the case that the minimum value of the N MTU values of the N network devices and the N path MTU values is less than the first MTU threshold of the first network device, the minimum value may be a maliciously configured smaller MTU value or a user-misconfigured MTU value. By the method, the first network device can determine the first MTU threshold as the MTU value of the first network device under the condition that the minimum value is less than or equal to the first MTU threshold, so that the network operation problem caused by determining an unreasonable small MTU value as the MTU value of the first network device under the scenes of malicious attack or misconfiguration and the like can be avoided.

Description

Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) determining method, device, equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for determining a maximum transmission unit MTU.
Background
A plurality of data stream forwarding paths are established in a public network in a Next Generation Multicast Virtual Private Network (NGMVPN), each data stream forwarding path includes a plurality of branches, each branch includes a plurality of network devices, and the plurality of branches share at least one root node. In a multicast scenario, a root node receives a multicast data stream from a sending end of the multicast data stream, the root node determines a Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) value of the root node, and then transmits the received multicast data stream to a receiving end of the multicast data stream on a plurality of branches respectively based on the MTU value of the root node, wherein the MTU value of the root node is the maximum message size that the root node can transmit.
Currently, the process of determining the MTU by the root node is as follows: the user sets a path MTU value for a link between two adjacent network devices on a data stream forwarding path, where the path MTU value is a size of a maximum packet that can be transmitted on the link between the two adjacent network devices, and a root node generally determines a minimum path MTU value among multiple path MTU values on multiple branches as an MTU value of the root node.
In the process of determining the MTU by the root node, if the path MTU value set by the user is small and the MTU value of the root node finally determined by the root node is also small, the messages in the multicast data stream transmitted by the root node on the multiple branches are small, the number of the messages transmitted on the multiple branches is increased, and since the number of the messages forwarded to the receiving end by the set-top box at the receiving end of the multicast data stream at a single time is limited, when the multicast data stream output by the root node is transmitted to the set-top box through any branch, if the number of the messages in the multicast data stream is large, the set-top box discards part of the messages, so that the packet loss rate of the set-top box is high, and in order to reduce the packet loss rate of the set-top box, a process capable of determining the small MTU value as the MTU value of the network device is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for determining a Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU), which can avoid determining a smaller MTU value as an MTU value of network equipment. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, a method for determining a maximum transmission unit MTU is provided, where the method is performed by a first network device, and the method includes:
receiving N MTU values of the N network devices from the N network devices, acquiring N path MTU values, and determining a first MTU threshold as the MTU value of the first network device if the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values is smaller than the first MTU threshold of the first network device;
wherein N is not less than 1 and is an integer; one path MTU value is an MTU value of a link between the first network device and one of the N network devices.
In the case that the minimum value of the N MTU values of the N network devices and the N path MTU values is less than the first MTU threshold of the first network device, the minimum value may be a maliciously configured smaller MTU value or a user-misconfigured MTU value. By the method, the first network device can determine the first MTU threshold as the MTU value of the first network device under the condition that the minimum value is smaller than (or equal to) the first MTU threshold, so that the network operation problem caused by the fact that an unreasonable small MTU value is determined as the MTU value of the first network device can be avoided under the scenes of malicious attack, misconfiguration and the like.
In one possible implementation, the N network devices include a second network device, and the receiving N MTU values for the N network devices from the N network devices includes:
and receiving a message sent by the second network device, wherein the message carries the MTU value of the second network device, and the MTU value of the second network device belongs to the N MTU values.
In one possible implementation manner, after obtaining the N path MTU values, the method further includes:
and if the minimum value is larger than or equal to the first MTU threshold value, determining the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network equipment.
In one possible implementation, after the determining the first MTU threshold as the MTU value of the first network device, the method further includes:
forwarding a data stream to one or more of the N network devices based on the MTU value of the first network device; or, sending the MTU value of the first network device to a third network device.
In a second aspect, a maximum transmission unit, MTU, determination method is provided, the method being performed by a first network device, and the method comprising:
receiving N MTU values of the N network devices from the N network devices, and acquiring a first MTU comparison threshold of the first network device; acquiring N path MTU values, and determining the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network equipment according to the N MTU values and the minimum value of the N path MTU values, wherein the minimum value is greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold value;
wherein N is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer; one path MTU value is an MTU value of a link between the first network device and one of the N network devices.
According to the method, under the condition that the minimum value of the N MTU values of the N network equipment and the minimum value of the N path MTU values is larger than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold value of the first network equipment, the first network equipment determines the minimum value larger than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold value as the MTU value of the first network equipment, so that the network operation problem caused by the fact that a smaller MTU value is determined as the MTU value of the network equipment can be avoided under the scenes of malicious attack, misconfiguration and the like.
In one possible implementation, the N network devices include a second network device, and the method further includes:
determining a minimum of the MTU value and the path MTU value of the second network device; and according to the fact that the minimum value of the MTU value and the path MTU value of the second network equipment is smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold value, not allowing a link between the second network equipment and the first network equipment to be added into a data flow forwarding path, wherein the data flow forwarding path is a path established by the first network equipment according to the N MTU values of the N second network equipment and the N second MTU threshold values received from the N second network equipment.
Based on the possible implementation manner, when the first network device finds that the minimum value of the MTU value and the path MTU value corresponding to the second network device is smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold, the link between the second network device and the first network device is not allowed to be added to the data stream forwarding path, so that the link of which the MTU does not meet the preset condition is excluded from the data forwarding path in the routing process, a potential fault risk point is isolated in the routing stage, and the normal operation of the network is maintained.
In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining the first MTU comparison threshold of the first network device includes:
and determining the first MTU comparison threshold according to N second MTU thresholds sent by the N network devices.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining, according to N second MTU thresholds sent by the N network devices, the first MTU comparison threshold includes:
acquiring N second MTU thresholds sent by the N network devices and a maximum MTU threshold in the first MTU thresholds of the first network device, and determining the maximum MTU threshold as a first MTU comparison threshold of the first network device; or, obtaining a maximum MTU threshold value of the N second MTU threshold values sent by the N network devices, and determining the obtained maximum MTU threshold value as the first MTU comparison threshold value of the first network device. In an NGMVPN network, if some types of transmission nodes as first network devices, such as root nodes or Access Service Gateways (ASGs) as intermediate nodes, need to pre-configure a first MTU threshold, the first network devices need to compare the locally pre-configured first MTU threshold with N second MTU thresholds sent by N network devices in a route establishment process to determine a maximum MTU threshold among the first MTU thresholds as a first MTU comparison threshold; for some other types of transmission nodes as the first network device, such as provider backbone (P) devices, the first MTU threshold does not need to be preconfigured, and the maximum MTU threshold in the route establishment process is determined as the first MTU comparison threshold by directly comparing N second MTU thresholds sent by N network devices.
In one possible implementation, before the receiving N MTU values of the N network devices from the N network devices, the method further includes:
sending the first MTU threshold of the first network device to the N network devices.
Based on the possible implementation manner, when the leaf nodes of the data stream forwarding path are more, static configuration can be avoided, so that network operation efficiency is improved.
In a possible implementation manner, the first MTU threshold is an MTU threshold stored by the first network device; or, the first MTU threshold is a maximum value of the MTU threshold stored by the first network device and the at least one MTU threshold that is sent by the at least one last-hop network device of the first network device to the first network device.
In one possible implementation, after determining the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network device, the method further includes:
forwarding a data stream to one or more of the N network devices based on the MTU value of the first network device;
or, sending the minimum value and the maximum MTU threshold value of the first network device to a third network device.
For each of the first network device, the second network device, and the third network device mentioned in the above first or second aspect, each network device comprises at least one output port and at least one input port. For 2 network devices (e.g., a first network device and a second network device, or a first network device and a third network device) connected to each other, at least one output port of one network device is connected to at least one input port of another network device one by one, and each pair of the connected output port and input port forms a link therebetween, and a path MTU value is set on the link, so that there is at least one link between the 2 network devices. In another possible implementation, each output port of each network device includes at least one output sub-port, each input port includes at least one input sub-port, and for 2 network devices connected to each other, at least one output sub-port of the output port of one network device is connected to at least one input sub-port of the input port of another network device one by one, and a link is formed between each pair of output and input sub-ports connected to each other, so that there is at least one link between the 2 network devices.
When a plurality of selectable links are provided between the first network device and the second network device, as a possible implementation manner in the second aspect, the first network device may additionally select one link that meets the threshold requirement from the plurality of selectable links to establish a route in a situation that the currently selected link does not meet the threshold requirement and needs pruning.
In a third aspect, a maximum transmission unit MTU determining apparatus is provided, which is configured to execute the maximum transmission unit MTU determining method. Specifically, the maximum transmission unit MTU determining apparatus includes a functional module configured to execute the maximum transmission unit MTU determining method provided in the first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, a maximum transmission unit MTU determining apparatus is provided, which is configured to execute the maximum transmission unit MTU determining method. Specifically, the maximum transmission unit MTU determining apparatus includes a functional module configured to execute the maximum transmission unit MTU determining method provided in the second aspect or any optional manner of the second aspect.
In a fifth aspect, a network device is provided, which includes a processor and a memory, where the memory stores at least one program code, and the program code is loaded by the processor, so as to enable the network device to implement the MTU determining method provided in the first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect, or the MTU determining method provided in the second aspect or any optional manner of the second aspect.
A sixth aspect provides a storage medium, wherein at least one program code is stored in the storage medium, and the program code is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the MTU determining method provided in the first aspect or any alternative of the first aspect, or the MTU determining method provided in the second aspect or any alternative of the second aspect.
In a seventh aspect, a computer program product or a computer program is provided, the computer program product or the computer program comprising computer instructions stored in a computer-readable storage medium, the computer instructions being read by a processor of a computer device from the computer-readable storage medium, the computer instructions being executed by the processor to cause the computer device to perform the method provided in the various alternative implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an MTU determination system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a data stream forwarding path according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of an MTU determining method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a data flow forwarding path provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of an MTU threshold value transfer method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a data flow forwarding path provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an a-D type route provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a flowchart of a method for determining an MTU according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a first MTU triplet provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an MTU determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an MTU determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, embodiments of the present application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The nodes related to the embodiments of the present application are introduced here as follows:
data flow forwarding path: the network device on different branches can be shared, that is, the network devices on the plurality of branches share one or more network devices. For the scenario of establishing a path, the data stream forwarding path does not exist initially, but is gradually formed in the process of establishing a path (such as the process of establishing a data stream forwarding path from a leaf node to a root node in the NGMVPN network). The data stream forwarding path formed by the route building process can be finally used for transmitting the data stream to the user. For convenience of description, the established path of each stage of the step-by-step establishment when the path is established is also referred to as a data flow forwarding path.
A root node: a first network device common to at least one branch of the data flow forwarding path.
Leaf node: the last forwarding node on one branch of the data flow forwarding path.
An intermediate node: and the data flow forwarding path comprises nodes except the upper root node and the leaf node.
Candidate intermediate nodes: the candidate network device of the intermediate node is the network device to be added to the data flow forwarding path.
The first network device: an intermediate node or root node of the data flow forwarding path.
The second network device: the next network device on the data flow forwarding path to the first network device. The next network device is a network device to which an output port for outputting the data stream in the first network device is connected according to the transmission direction of the data stream on the data stream forwarding path. Alternatively, the next network device is the network device to which the first network device of the data flow forwarding path is connected in the direction towards the leaf node.
The third network device: the last network device of the first network device to forward the path for the data stream. The last network device is a network device to which an input port for receiving the data stream in the first network device is connected according to a transmission direction of the data stream on the data stream forwarding path. Or, the last network device is a network device to which the first network device of the data flow forwarding path is connected in a direction away from the leaf node. The connection relationship among the first network device, the second network device and the third network device is as follows: third network device → first network device → second network device, "→" for indicating a connection relationship between the network devices and a transfer direction of the data stream.
Next hop network device: and a node (i.e., a next hop node of the BGP route) indicated by next hop (next hop) information of a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) route stored for the first network device on the data stream forwarding path.
For convenience of explanation, the next network device and the previous network device of the first network device described in this embodiment section of this application are both neighbor network devices to which the first network device is directly connected. In the BGP network, a next-hop network device of a network device may not necessarily be a neighbor network device of the network device, and may also be a network device that is not adjacent to the network device in an Autonomous System (AS) to which the network device belongs, or may also be a network device in a neighbor AS of the network device, so that the next-hop network device of the first network device described in this embodiment of the application may be a neighbor network device directly connected to the first network device, or may not be a neighbor network device directly connected to the first network device. When the next-hop network device of the first network device is a neighbor network device directly connected to the first network device, the next-hop network device of the first network device is also a next network device of the first network device. However, it can be understood that, in addition to the specific examples given as possible illustrations in the embodiments of the present application, in some practical application scenarios, the connection relationships among the first network device, the second network device, and the third network device may also be not limited to direct connection in sequence, but may still send and receive messages sent by each other based on the network connection relationships, and execute the corresponding method described in the present application based on the received messages of each type.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an MTU determining system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and referring to fig. 1, the system 100 includes a plurality of network devices 101 (e.g., network devices 101a to 101f in fig. 1). For a first edge network device in the multiple network devices 101, after the first edge network device receives a data stream sent by a sending end of the data stream, a routing establishment message is sent to one or more second edge network devices in the multiple network devices 101, so that each second edge network device establishes multiple branches of the data stream forwarding path towards the first edge network device until the data stream forwarding path is established. The first edge network device and the second edge network device are both edge network devices of the system 100, for example, provider Edge (PE) devices of a service provider network. The data stream may be a multicast data stream, the data type of the data stream may be video data, audio data, or text data, and the data type of the data stream is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
After the data stream forwarding path is established, the first edge network device is also a root node of the data stream forwarding path, for example, the network device 101a in fig. 1, and each second edge network device is also a leaf node of the data stream forwarding path, for example, the network devices 101c, 101d, and 101f in fig. 1. Optionally, intermediate nodes, such as network devices 101b and 101e in fig. 1, may also be included in the data flow forwarding path. The types of intermediate nodes may be, for example, forwarding (transit) nodes, branch nodes, and bud nodes. The forwarding node has only one downstream network device on the data stream forwarding path, the forking node has a plurality of downstream network devices on the data stream forwarding path, and the downstream network devices of the budding node are respectively a network device in a public network and a network device in a private network, wherein the public network is another system 100, and the private network can be a network formed by receiving ends of the data stream. The downstream network device of one network device is a next network device connected to the network device on the forwarding path of the data stream in the direction toward the leaf node, for example, the downstream network device of the first network is a second network device. The upstream network device of one network device is the last network device connected to the network device on the data flow forwarding path in the direction toward the leaf node, for example, the upstream network device of the first network device is the third network device.
When the data stream forwarding path is established, the root node transmits the data stream on the data stream forwarding path, and each leaf node receives the data stream from one branch and sends the received data stream to one or more receiving ends (such as a subscriber host) of the data stream. The root node is connected with a sending end of the data stream, and each leaf node is connected with one or more receiving ends of the data stream. For example, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a data flow forwarding path provided in the embodiment of the present application, a root node of the data flow forwarding path is a radio service side gateway (RSG), intermediate nodes on the data flow forwarding path include P1, P2, ASG1, and ASG2, and P1 and P2 are forwarding nodes; the leaf node of the data flow forwarding path includes a base station side gateway (CSG) 1 and a CSG2, an RSG is connected to a video server, the video server is also a sending end of a data flow, the CSG1 and the ASG2 are respectively connected to a terminal 1 and a terminal 2, the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 are both receiving ends of the data flow, and the RSG sends the data flow output by the video server to the terminal 1 and the terminal 2 through the data flow forwarding path.
For further explaining the transmission process of the data stream on the data stream forwarding path, referring to the data stream forwarding path in fig. 1, after the data stream forwarding path in fig. 1 is established, network device 101a copies 2 data streams, and sends one data stream to network devices 101b and 101e, respectively; since the network device 101b has 2 branches and the receiving ends of the data streams connected to the leaf nodes of the 2 branches are different, after the network device 101b receives the data streams, 2 copies the received data streams, and sends one data stream to the network devices 101c and 101d respectively; after receiving the data stream, the network device 101e forwards the received data stream to the network device 101 f; when the network devices 101c, 101d, and 101f receive the data stream, they respectively transmit the received data stream to the receiving end of the data stream connected to the network devices.
In the process that a leaf node establishes the data stream forwarding path in the direction of a root node, since the first network device (at this time, the first network device is a candidate node on the data stream forwarding path) may be located on N branches to be established, the first network device receives N MTU values of N network devices, and the first network device obtains N path MTU values between the first network device and the N network devices; the first network equipment determines the MTU value of the first network equipment according to the N MTU values of the N network equipment and the N path MTU values; after the first network device joins the data forwarding path, if the first network device is an intermediate node on the data flow forwarding path, the first network device sends the MTU value of the first network device to a third network device; when the first network device is a root node on the data flow forwarding path, the first network device forwards the data flow to one or more of the N network devices based on the determined MTU value of the first network device, that is, transmits the data flow on one or more branches. Wherein, N is greater than or equal to 1, and N is an integer, the first network device is any network device except the N network devices, and one path MTU value is an MTU value of a link between the first network device and one network device of the N network devices, which may also be referred to as a link MTU value.
The manner in which the first network device determines the MTU value of the first network device according to the N MTU values of the N network devices and the N path MTU values is manner 1 or manner 2 described below. The method 1 mainly uses the MTU threshold stored in each network device in the route establishment process to sequentially determine the MTU value to be adopted by each link on the data flow forwarding path from the leaf node to the root node, wherein the MTU value to be adopted by the link, which is finally determined and connected between each network device and the downstream network device, is not less than the MTU threshold stored in each network device, so that the MTU value on the data flow forwarding path used by the root node for forwarding the data flow is controlled in a reasonable range. The specific process of the mode 1 is as follows: when the first network device has a first MTU threshold, if the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values is smaller than the first MTU threshold, the first network device determines the first MTU threshold as the MTU value of the first network device, otherwise, determines the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network device.
In the mode 2, the minimum value of the N MTU values of the N network devices and the MTU value of the N paths is compared with the first MTU comparison threshold corresponding to the first network device in the routing process to determine that H links are not allowed to be added to the data flow forwarding path, so that a path with a smaller MTU value is not included in the data flow forwarding path, and the MTU value on the data flow forwarding path used by the root node for forwarding the data flow is controlled in a reasonable range, where N is greater than or equal to H and greater than 0. The specific process of the mode 2 is as follows: when the first network device receives the N MTU values sent by the N network devices, it also receives N second MTU thresholds sent by the N network devices. The first network device determines a first MTU comparison threshold for the first network device based on the N second MTU thresholds. For the N network devices, the first network device selects one or more links from among the first network device and N links of the N network devices to join the data flow forwarding path according to the first MTU comparison threshold, where a minimum value of a path MTU value of any selected link and an MTU value of the network device is greater than the first MTU comparison threshold of the first network device. For any network device in the N network devices, when the minimum value between the path MTU value of the link between the any network device and the first network device and the MTU value sent by the any network device is smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold, the first network device does not allow the link between the first network device and the any network device to join the data stream forwarding path. When the first network device selects M (M is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N) links from the N links, join the data flow forwarding path, determine a minimum value from the M MTU values of the M links and the M corresponding M MTU values sent by the first network device from the M network devices of the N network devices, and determine the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network device. When the first network device is an intermediate node on a forwarding path of a data stream, the first network device sends the MTU value of the first network device to a third network device. In some possible cases, the first network device also sends the first MTU comparison threshold of the first network device to the third network device, and then, for the third network device, the first MTU comparison threshold sent by the first network device that it receives is also the second MTU comparison threshold sent by the first network device.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the present application, a root node has a first MTU threshold, an intermediate node may have the first MTU threshold or may not have the first MTU threshold, the intermediate node having the first MTU threshold may be a next hop node of a BGP route, and the intermediate node not having the first MTU threshold may be a backbone node not configured with services such as a Virtual Private Network (VPN). For any network device with a first MTU threshold, the network device sets the first MTU threshold based on a traffic demand of a data flow, where the traffic demand is used to indicate a minimum MTU value required by a traffic to which the data flow belongs, and the first MTU threshold set by the network device is also the minimum MTU value indicated by the traffic demand. The first MTU threshold set by each network device on a data stream forwarding path is the same or different.
In a possible implementation manner, the system 100 is a public network in an NGMVPN, an application scenario of the system 100 is a seamless (seamless) multi-label protocol forwarding (MPLS) scenario, and a data stream forwarding path in the system 100 is an MPLS point-to-multipoint (P2 MP) tunnel.
To further embody the hardware structure of the network device, referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided in the embodiments of the present application, and the network device 300 may generate a relatively large difference due to different configurations or performances, and includes one or more processors 301 and one or more memories 302, where the memory 302 stores at least one program code, and the at least one program code is loaded and executed by the processors 301 to implement the MTU determining method provided in the following method embodiments. Of course, the network device 300 may also have components such as a wired or wireless network interface, an input/output interface, and the like, so as to perform input/output, and the network device 300 may also include other components for implementing device functions, which are not described herein again.
In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium, such as a memory including program code, which is executable by a processor in a terminal to perform the data transmission method in the following embodiments, is also provided. For example, the computer-readable storage medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a compact disc-read-only memory (CD-ROM), a magnetic tape, a floppy disk, an optical data storage device, and the like.
For further explanation of the process of determining the MTU value based on the above process 1, refer to a flowchart of an MTU determining method provided in the embodiment of the present application as shown in fig. 4.
401. Any leaf node of the data flow forwarding path sends the MTU value of that leaf node to the first intermediate node.
The data flow forwarding path is any data flow forwarding path to be established. The data flow forwarding path comprises X branches, wherein X is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer. Each branch comprises K +2 network devices which are respectively 1 leaf node, 1 root node and K intermediate nodes, wherein K is more than or equal to 1, and K is an integer. For convenience of description, for any branch, the ith intermediate node in the direction from the leaf node to the root node on the branch is denoted as the ith intermediate node, where K ≧ i ≧ 1, and i is an integer, e.g., the first intermediate node is the last network device of the leaf node on the branch.
The leaf node is on any branch of the data flow forwarding path and the MTU value of the leaf node may be a default value, such as a default invalid MTU value. Since the leaf node is the last network device on any branch, the subsequent leaf node receives the data stream transmitted on any branch and directly sends the received data stream to the receiving end (such as the user equipment) of the data stream. Therefore, the MTU value of the leaf node does not subsequently affect the data stream transmitted in the entire data stream forwarding path, and the MTU value of the leaf node is actually an invalid MTU value, optionally, the MTU value of the leaf node is FFFF, and is used to refer to the invalid MTU value.
After the leaf node receives a route establishment message sent by a root node of the data stream forwarding path, the leaf node determines a network device connected with the leaf node in the direction towards the root node as the first intermediate node according to address information of the root node in the route establishment message, and the leaf node sends an MTU value of the leaf node to the first intermediate node. For example, in fig. 5, a root node of a data flow forwarding path is RSG, an intermediate node of the data flow forwarding path includes P1, P2, ASG1, and ASG2, a leaf node of the data flow forwarding path includes CSG1 and CSG2, the RSG is connected to a video server, the video server is also a sending end of the data flow, CSG1 and CSG2 are respectively connected to terminal 1 and terminal 2, and both terminal 1 and terminal 2 are receiving ends of the data flow, where CSG1 is a leaf node on branch 1 (CSG 1-ASG 1-P1-RSG) and branch 2 (CSG 2-ASG 1-P1-RSG), where ASG1 is a first intermediate node on branch 1, ASG2 is a first intermediate node on branch 2, and then CSG1 sends an MTU value of CSG1 to ASG1, and 2 sends an MTU value of CSG2 to ASG2.
The leaf node sends the MTU value of the leaf node to the first intermediate node via a first message. In one possible implementation, the leaf node generates a first message for the leaf node based on the MTU value of the leaf node and sends the first message to a first intermediate node. The first message is used to instruct the root node to establish the data flow forwarding path, and instruct the network device to send the MTU value of the network device to the previous network device on the data flow forwarding path. Optionally, the first message further includes address information of a root node of the data flow forwarding path and address information of the leaf node. Optionally, the address information of one network device is an Internet Protocol (IP) address of the network device. Optionally, the first message is a mapping message of the multicast label distribution protocol (mLDP).
402. For any intermediate node of the data flow forwarding path, the intermediate node receives N MTU values of the N downstream network devices from the N downstream network devices of the intermediate node on the data flow forwarding path, wherein N is greater than or equal to 1, and N is an integer.
One downstream network device of the any intermediate node is a next network device to which the any intermediate node is connected on the data flow forwarding path. The N downstream network devices are respectively located on N branches of the data forwarding path, and the any intermediate node is also located on the N branches, that is, the any intermediate node is an intersection of the N branches, for example, the any intermediate node is ASG1 in fig. 5, and then ASG1 receives an MTU value of CSG1 and an MTU value of ASG2, where CSG1 and ASG2 are located on different branches. For another example, if any intermediate node is P1 in fig. 5, since the next network device of P1 is only ASG1, then P1 can only receive the MTU value of ASG1.
For any network device in the N downstream network devices, the any intermediate node receives a message sent by the any network device, and the any intermediate node acquires the MTU value of the any network device from the message. The message carries the MTU value of any network device, and the message is the first message sent by any network device. At this time, if the any intermediate node is the first network device, the any network device is the second network device for the any intermediate node. When any of the intermediate nodes is the first network device, the process shown in step 402 is also a process in which the first network device receives N MTU values of the N network devices from the N network devices.
403. The any intermediate node obtains N path MTU values, one path MTU value being an MTU value of a link between the any intermediate node and one of the N downstream network devices.
For any network device of the N downstream network devices, after receiving the first message sent by the any network device, the any intermediate node adds a link between the any intermediate node and the any network device to the data stream forwarding path, and the any intermediate node further obtains a path MTU value of the link between the any intermediate node and the any network device according to a mechanism of a Label Switched Path (LSP) MTU of a Label Distribution Protocol (LDP).
404. When the any intermediate node has the first MTU threshold, if the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values is smaller than the first MTU threshold of the any intermediate node, the any intermediate node determines the first MTU threshold as the MTU value of the any intermediate node.
If the minimum value is smaller than the first MTU threshold of any intermediate node, which means that the minimum value is relatively small, and the minimum value may be a maliciously configured MTU value or an MTU value misconfigured by a user, the any intermediate node does not determine the minimum value as the MTU value of any intermediate node, but determines the first MTU threshold as the MTU value of any intermediate node.
In one possible implementation, if the minimum value is greater than or equal to the first MTU threshold of the any intermediate node, the any intermediate node determines the minimum value as the MTU value of the any intermediate node.
If the minimum value is greater than or equal to the first MTU threshold of any intermediate node, indicating that the minimum value may not be a maliciously configured MTU value, then the any intermediate node directly determines the minimum value as the MTU value of the any intermediate node.
405. When the any intermediate node does not have the first MTU threshold, the any intermediate node determines the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values as the MTU value of the any intermediate node.
For some types of nodes, such as P nodes, in the route building process, it may not be necessary to have the MTU threshold because the traffic such as VPN is not configured, and the type of nodes may directly transmit the acquired N MTU values and the minimum value of the N path MTU values to the upstream network device without comparing with the MTU threshold. If the minimum actually falls within the unreasonable value, the upstream network device configured with the MTU threshold may still update the locally and actually determined and stored MTU value according to the local MTU threshold and continue to pass the MTU value upward.
406. And the any intermediate node sends the MTU value of the intermediate node to the network equipment upstream of the any intermediate node on the data flow forwarding path.
The upstream network device of any intermediate node is the last network device connected to any intermediate node on the data flow forwarding path. The upstream network device belongs to at least one branch of the data flow forwarding path, and the any intermediate node may be an intersection of the at least one branch. For example, if any of the intermediate nodes is ASG1 in fig. 5, the upstream network device of ASG1 is P1.
The any intermediate node acquires the address information of the root node from any received first message, determines a network device connected with the any intermediate node in the direction towards the root node as the upstream network device according to the address information of the root node, and sends the MTU value of the any intermediate node to the upstream network device.
The any intermediate node is capable of sending the MTU value of the any intermediate node to the upstream network device via the first message. In a possible implementation manner, the any intermediate node generates a new first message (i.e., the first message of the any intermediate node) based on the MTU value of the any intermediate node, and sends the new first message to the upstream network device, where the new first message may include the MTU value of the any intermediate node, the address information of the root node, the tunnel identifier, and the address information of the any intermediate node.
The any intermediate node may also generate the new first message based on the MTU value of the any intermediate node and the first message sent by any of the N downstream network devices. In a possible implementation manner, when the MTU value of any intermediate node is the same as the MTU value in the first message, the any intermediate node adds the address information of any intermediate node in the first message to obtain the new first message, so that the upstream network device receiving the new first message can determine the path MTU value between the upstream network device and any intermediate node according to the address information of any intermediate node. When the MTU value of any intermediate node is different from the MTU value in the first message, the any intermediate node modifies the MTU value in the first message into the MTU value of any intermediate node, and adds the address information of any intermediate node in the first message to obtain the new first message.
407. The root node of the data stream forwarding path receives N MTU values of N downstream network devices from the N downstream network devices of the root node on the data stream forwarding path.
The N downstream network devices of the root node are network devices connected to the root node on the data flow forwarding path, and each of the N downstream network devices of the root node is also the last intermediate node (also, the kth intermediate node) in the direction from the leaf node to the root node on each branch of the data flow forwarding path. For example, if the root node is the RSG in fig. 5, P1 in fig. 5 is the downstream network device of the RSG.
In another possible scenario, for example, where branch 1-1 of the route from leaf node CSG1 is CSG1-ASG1-P1-RSG, and branch 2-1 of the route from leaf node CSG2 is CSG2-ASG2-P2-RSG, the root node RSG will receive the MTU value of P1 and the MTU value of P2 from P1 and P2, respectively, and determine the MTU value that the RSG should configure based on the MTU values.
The process shown in step 407 is the same as the process in which any intermediate node receives N MTU values of N downstream network devices from the N downstream network devices in step 402, and here, this step 407 is not described in detail in this embodiment of the present application.
When the root node is the first network device, the R downstream network devices are, relative to the root node, that is, the second network device, the process shown in step 407 is a process in which the first network device receives N MTU values of the N network devices from the N network devices.
408. The root node obtains N path MTU values, one of which is an MTU value of a link between the root node and one of N downstream network devices of the root node.
The process shown in step 408 is the same as the process of obtaining the N path MTU values by any intermediate node in step 403, and here, the description of step 408 is not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.
409. And if the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values acquired by the root node is smaller than the first MTU threshold value of the root node, the root node determines the first MTU threshold value as the MTU value of the root node.
If the minimum value is greater than or equal to the first MTU threshold for the root node, the root node determines the minimum value as the MTU value for the root node.
The process shown in step 409 is the same as the process in which any intermediate node determines the MTU value of any intermediate node in step 404, and here, this step 409 is not described in detail in this embodiment of the present application.
410. The root node forwards the data flow to one or more of the N downstream network devices of the root node based on the MTU value of the root node.
The data stream is received by the root node from a sender of the data stream. For any message in the data stream, if the size of the message is larger than the MTU value of the root node, the root node divides the message to obtain a plurality of target messages, and the size of each target message is smaller than or equal to the MTU value of the root node; the root node copies at least one of the plurality of target packets, and sends one copy of the plurality of target packets to one or more of the N downstream network devices of the root node, respectively.
If the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values acquired by the root node is smaller than the first MTU threshold value of the root node, it is indicated that the minimum value is relatively small, and the minimum value may be a maliciously configured MTU value, and the root node determines the first MTU threshold value as the MTU value of the root node, and forwards the data stream to one or more of the N downstream network devices of the root node based on the MTU value of the root node, so that the root node can be prevented from forwarding the data stream based on the relatively small MTU value.
To further illustrate the process shown in steps 401-410, and still take fig. 5 as an example, the first MTU thresholds of RSG, ASG1, and ASG2 are 500, 200, and 600, respectively, the path MTU value of the link between csg1 and ASG1 is 300, the path MTU value of the link between csg2 and ASG2 is 700, and the path MTU values of the other links are 1500. After determining ASG1 as the upstream network device of CSG1, CSG1 sends an MTU value FFFF (i.e., an invalid MTU value) of CSG1 to ASG 1; after receiving the MTU value FFFF of CSG1, ASG1 obtains the path MTU value 300 of the link between ASG1 and CSG1, and adds the link between ASG1 and CSG1 to the data flow forwarding path, because the first MTU threshold 200 of ASG1 is smaller than the path MTU value 300 of the link between ASG1 and CSG1, and the MTU value FFFF of CSG1 is an invalid MTU value, ASG1 takes the obtained path MTU value 300 as the MTU value of ASG1, and when ASG1 determines P1 as the upstream network device of ASG1, ASG1 sends the MTU value 300 of ASG1 to P1; after acquiring the MTU value 300 of the ASG1, the P1 acquires a path MTU value 1500 of a link between the P1 and the ASG1, and adds the link between the P1 and the ASG1 to a data stream forwarding path, because the P1 does not have the first MTU threshold, the P1 takes the MTU value 300 of the ASG1 and the minimum value 300 of the acquired path MTU value 1500 as the MTU value of the P1, and transmits the MTU value 300 of the P1 to the RSG; after receiving the MTU value 300 of P1, the RSG obtains the path MTU value 1500 of the link between P1 and the RSG, and adds the link between P1 and the RSG to the data stream forwarding path, thereby establishing branch 1-1 of the data stream forwarding path: CSG1-ASG1-P1-RSG. After the CSG2 determines the ASG2 as upstream network equipment of the CSG2, the MTU value FFFF of the CSG2 is sent to the ASG 2; after receiving the MTU value FFFF of CSG2, ASG2 obtains a path MTU value 700 of a link between ASG2 and CSG2, and adds the link between ASG2 and CSG2 to a data flow forwarding path, because the path MTU value 700 of the link between ASG2 and CSG2 is greater than a first MTU threshold 600 of ASG2, ASG2 takes the path MTU value 700 as the MTU value of ASG2, and after ASG2 determines P2 as an upstream network device of ASG2, sends the MTU value 700 of ASG2 to P2; after obtaining the MTU value 700 of the ASG2, the P2 obtains a path MTU value 1500 of a link between the P2 and the ASG2, and adds the link between the P2 and the ASG2 to a data stream forwarding path, and since the P2 does not have the first MTU threshold, the P2 takes the MTU value 700 of the ASG2 and the minimum value 700 of the obtained path MTU value 1500 as the MTU value of the P2, and sends the MTU value 700 of the P2 to the RSG; after receiving MTU value 700 of P2, RSG obtains path MTU value 1500 of the link between P2 and RSG, and adds the link between P2 and RSG to the data stream forwarding path, thereby establishing branch 2-1 of the data stream forwarding path: CSG2-ASG2-P2-RSG. After the establishment of the branch 1 and the branch 2 is completed, the RSR can acquire 4 MTU values which are respectively an MTU value 300 of P1, an MTU value 700 of P2, a path MTU value 1500 of a link between P1 and RSG, and a path MTU value 1500 of a link between P2 and RSG, and since the minimum value 300 of the 4 MTU values is less than the first MTU threshold value 500 of the RSG, the RSG determines the first MTU threshold value 500 of the RSG as the MTU value of the RSG, and forwards the data stream sent by the video server to P1 and P2 based on the MTU value 500, the P1 sends the received data stream to the ASG1, the ASG1 sends the received data stream to the CSG1, and the CSG1 sends the received data stream to the terminal 1; the P2 sends the received data flow to the CSG2 through the ASG2, and the CSG2 sends the received data flow to the terminal 2, so that the RSG is prevented from using the MTU value 300 as the MTU value of the RSG, and the data flow forwarding path is protected.
When an intermediate node or a root node determines a local MTU value of the intermediate node or the root node according to the acquired N MTU values and N path MTU values of the N downstream network devices, the N MTU values of the N downstream network devices may be received within a certain time window. It is to be understood that, due to differences in the route establishment timing, the branch path length, and the like, the intermediate node or the root node may also receive, in a next time window, the MTU value sent by one or more other downstream network devices except the N downstream network devices, and then the intermediate node or the root node may also update the local MTU value determined by the intermediate node or the root node according to the newly received MTU value sent by the one or more other downstream network devices.
In the case that the minimum value of the N MTU values of the N network devices and the N path MTU values is less than the first MTU threshold of the first network device, the minimum value may be a maliciously configured smaller MTU value or a user-misconfigured MTU value. By the method, the first network device can determine the first MTU threshold as the MTU value of the first network device under the condition that the minimum value is smaller than (or equal to) the first MTU threshold, so that the network operation problem caused by the fact that an unreasonable small MTU value is determined as the MTU value of the first network device under the scenes of malicious attack, misconfiguration and the like can be avoided.
In another possible implementation manner, a root node of a data flow forwarding path to be established transmits a first MTU threshold of the root node to a network device in a leaf node direction, in the transmission process, any candidate intermediate node of the data flow forwarding path receives an MTU threshold sent by other network devices, if any candidate intermediate node has the MTU threshold, the local MTU threshold is updated according to the received MTU threshold, and the updated MTU threshold is continuously transmitted to the network device in the leaf node direction, otherwise, the received MTU threshold is transmitted to the network device in the leaf node direction until the leaf node receives the MTU threshold. And after the leaf node receives the MTU threshold, the leaf node determines a second MTU threshold of the leaf node according to the received MTU value, and the MTU value determining process of the scheme 2 is carried out towards the root node from the leaf node.
For further explaining the process of transferring the MTU threshold from the root node to the leaf nodes, refer to a flowchart of an MTU threshold transferring method provided in the embodiment of the present application shown in fig. 6.
601. The root node sends a target route establishment message to one or more target network devices of the root node, wherein the target route establishment message comprises the first MTU threshold of the root node.
The root node is a first network device of a data flow forwarding path to be established, for example, an end point of a tunnel. The first MTU threshold of the root node is the MTU threshold stored by the root node, or the larger of the MTU threshold stored by the root node and the MTU threshold newly acquired by the root node.
The target route establishment message is used for indicating that a data flow forwarding path is established from the leaf node to the root node direction and the MTU value and the second MTU threshold value of the network device are transmitted to the root node direction. The destination routing message also includes address information for the root node and address information for a receiving end of the data stream. In one possible implementation, the target build message further includes an enable flag, where the enable flag is used to instruct to start a function of determining an MTU value of the network device based on a first MTU comparison threshold of the network device. In a possible implementation manner, the destination routing message includes a destination field, a source address field, a destination address field, and an enable field, where the destination field is used to store the first MTU threshold of the root node, the source address field is used to store the address information of the root node, the destination address field is used to store the address information of any receiving end, and the enable field is used to store the enable identifier. For example, when the enable field stores the enable identification 0x1, it indicates to turn on the function of determining the MTU value of the network device based on the first MTU comparison threshold of the network device, and when the enable field stores the disable identification 0x0, it indicates to turn off the function of determining the MTU value of the network device based on the first MTU comparison threshold of the network device. The embodiment of the application does not uniquely limit the representation modes of the enabling identification and the disabling identification. The target path establishment message may also include a tunnel identification for identifying a tunnel established between the root node and a leaf node.
In a possible implementation manner, the route type of the target routing message is an optional automatic discovery route (I-PMSI a-D route) for a provisioning multicast service interface, or (S-PMSI a-D route). Optionally, the target field and the enable field are free fields in the I/S-PMSI A-D route or newly added fields in the I/S-PMSI A-D route. For example, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an a-D type route provided in the embodiment of the present application, where the schematic structural diagram includes a route type (route type) field, a length (length) field, an MVPN Route Target (RT) field, a PMSI tunnel attribute (tunnel attribute) field, and an address information field. The route type is used for storing the route type of the target route establishing message; the length field is used for storing the length of Network Layer Reachable Information (NLRI), and the length field is 1 8-bit (8 octet) group. The MVPN RT field is used to store a Virtual Private Network (VPN) -target (target) configured under a VPN instance. The PMSI tunnel attribute (tunnel attribute) field includes an identification (flags) field, a tunnel type (tunnel type) field, an MPLS label field, and a tunnel identifier (tunnel identifier) field, wherein a reserved (reserved) field in the identification field includes a target field and an enable field for storing a first MTU threshold and an enable/disable identification of the root node, the identification field is 18 bit group, the first 7 bits are reserved fields in the identification field, the 0 th bit (bit) in the reserved field is an enable field for storing the enable/disable identification, the 1 st to 4 th bits are target fields for storing the first MTU threshold of the root node, and the 8 th bit is used for storing an identification bit of the identification field; the MPLS label field is used for storing the MPLS label and is 3 8bit groups; the tunnel identifier field is used to store the identification of the data flow forwarding path. The address information field is used to store address information of a next hop network device, RD path identification (RD), an IP address of a source router (addressing router), and address information of any receiving end, where the IP address of the source router is also address information of the root node.
The root node may determine one or more target network devices, and then send a target routing message to the determined one or more target network devices, respectively, in a possible implementation manner, the process shown in step 601 may be implemented by the process shown in steps 6011-6013 below.
Step 6011, the root node determines one or more target network devices.
As a possible approach, the root node may determine one or more BGP neighbors (peers) of the root node based on receiving the multicast data stream or based on the root node creating a VPN instance, and send a target routing message to the one or more BGP neighbors. In some scenarios, the one or more BGP neighbors may be next-hop network devices in the tunnel established by the root node. For example, fig. 7 shows a schematic structural diagram of a data stream forwarding path provided in this embodiment of the present application, where an RSG in fig. 7 is a root node, a receiving end of a multicast data stream includes a terminal 1 and a terminal 2, and the RSG serving as the root node determines BGP neighbors to be ASG1 and ASG2. Similarly, ASG1 may, for example, determine CSG1 as its BGP neighbor and ASG2 may, for example, determine CSG2 as its BGP neighbor.
Step 6012, the root node determines a first MTU threshold of the root node.
And the root node takes the stored MTU threshold value as the first MTU threshold value of the root node, or the root node takes the newly acquired MTU threshold value as the first MTU threshold value of the root node. In a possible implementation manner, the root node receives an MTU threshold update request, where the MTU threshold update request is used to instruct a network device to update a stored MTU threshold, and the MTU threshold update request carries a target MTU threshold; the root node updates the stored MTU threshold to the target MTU threshold, and may directly determine the target MTU threshold as the first MTU threshold of the root node, or may also determine a larger value or a smaller value of the target MTU threshold and the MTU threshold stored in the root node as the first MTU threshold of the root node according to a preset rule, where the target MTU threshold is also the MTU threshold newly acquired by the root node. For example, if the MTU threshold stored by the RSG of the root node in fig. 7 is 500, the RSG determines the MTU threshold 500 stored by the RSG as the first MTU threshold of the root node, or if the target MTU threshold in the received MTU threshold update request is 600, the RSG determines the larger value 600 of the MTU threshold 500 stored by the RSG and the target MTU threshold 600 as the first MTU threshold of the root node. The embodiment of the present application takes the first MTU threshold of the root node as the MTU threshold stored in the root node as an example.
Step 6013, the root node sends a target routing message to the one or more target network devices, respectively.
And after the root node determines the BGP neighborhood of the root node, the root node generates the target route establishment message, and the root node sends the target route establishment message to the next-hop network device, wherein the target route establishment message comprises the first MTU threshold of the root node. In one possible implementation, the root node generates a target routing message of type I/S-PMSI a-D for the data flow forwarding path based on the first MTU threshold of the root node, the enabling identifier, and request for comments (RFC) 6514.
For example, when the RSG in fig. 7 determines ASG1 as its BGP neighbor, the RSG sends a target build message 1 to ASG1, the target build message 1 including the first MTU threshold of the RSG and address information of the RSG; when the RSG determines ASG2 as its BGP neighbor, the RSG sends a target build message 2 to ASG2, the target build message 2 including the first MTU threshold of the RSG and address information of the RSG.
It should be noted that, when the root node determines its BGP neighbor and sends a target routing message to the BGP neighbor, the BGP neighbor may not be the network device directly connected to the root node. If the BGP neighbor network device is not directly connected with the root node, the root node determines an output port corresponding to the address information of the BGP neighbor in the root node by inquiring a local routing table, sends the target routing message to the network device connected with the output port, and forwards the target routing message to the BGP neighbor by the network device connected with the output port. For example, in fig. 7, the BGP neighbor of the RSG is ASG1, the network device connected to the output port corresponding to the address information of the ASG1 in the local routing table of the RSG is P1, and the P1 is only used as a message forwarding node, then the RSG sends target routing messages 1 and 2 to P1, and the P1 forwards the target routing messages 1 and 2 sent by the RSG to the ASG1. For P1 or P2 in fig. 7, because the VPN service is not deployed in P1 or P2, after P1 or P2 receives any target route establishment message, the any network device obtains address information of a BGP neighbor from the any target route establishment message, and sends the target route establishment message to the BGP neighbor, where at this time, the MTU threshold in the target route establishment message is invisible to P1 or P2.
It should be noted that, when the root node is the first network device, the process shown in step 601 is that the first network device sends the first MTU threshold of the first network device to the N network devices.
602. For any of the one or more target network devices, the any network device receives at least one target route establishment message from at least one network device.
In some possible scenarios, the at least one network device is a network device connected to the any network device in a direction towards the root node. For example, if any of the network devices is ASG1 in fig. 7, the ASG1 receives the target routing message from the network device P1 connected to the ASG1.
603. And if the one or more target network devices have the function of configuring the MTU threshold value, the one or more target network devices continue to send new target route establishing messages.
For the one or more target network devices that receive the target route establishment message sent by the root node, for example, ASG1 or ASG2 in fig. 7, new target route establishment messages are generated and sent to BGP neighbors of ASG1 or ASG2, respectively.
In one possible implementation, the process illustrated in this step 603 may be implemented by the process illustrated in steps 6031-6034 described below.
In step 6031, any network device of the one or more target network devices obtains at least one MTU threshold from the received at least one target route establishment message.
For any target route establishment message in the at least one target route establishment message, after receiving the any target route establishment message, the any network device acquires a first MTU threshold sent by a BGP neighbor of the any network device from the any target route establishment message, wherein the acquired first MTU threshold of the BGP neighbor network device is also one of the at least one MTU threshold. For example, if any of the network devices is ASG1 in fig. 7, ASG1 receives the target route establishment message sent by the RSG forwarded by P1, and acquires the first MTU threshold of the RSG from the target route establishment message.
Step 6032, the any network device determines a first MTU threshold for the any network device based on the at least one MTU threshold.
When the MTU threshold is locally preconfigured in advance, the network device determines a maximum value of the at least one MTU threshold and the MTU threshold stored in the network device as a first MTU threshold of the network device, and updates the MTU threshold stored in the network device to the maximum value.
As another possible example, the MTU threshold is not configured in advance locally in any network device, and then the first MTU threshold of any network device may be determined directly according to the MTU threshold in the target route establishment message received from the upstream network device, and may continue to be sent downstream. In a possible implementation manner, when the MTU threshold is not configured in advance locally in any network device, the any network device determines a maximum value of the at least one MTU threshold as the first MTU threshold of the any network device, and stores the first MTU threshold of the any network device.
Or after receiving the target route establishment message sent by the neighbor network device, the network device selects the MTU threshold value in the target route establishment message and the locally stored MTU threshold value according to other preset rules to determine the first MTU threshold value of the network device, and continues to send the MTU threshold value to the neighbor network device of the network device.
Step 6033, for the any one of the one or more target network devices, generate a new target route establishment message
As a possible example, if the MTU threshold carried in the target route establishment message received by any network device is the same as the locally stored MTU threshold, the address information of any network device and the received MTU threshold are added to any target route establishment message by any network device to obtain a new target route establishment message; if the MTU threshold carried in the target route establishing message received by any network equipment is the same as the MTU threshold locally stored by the network equipment, the MTU threshold carried in the target route establishing message is modified to the MTU threshold locally stored by any network equipment, and the address information of any network equipment is added in any target route establishing message.
Step 6034, the any network device sends the new target establish message.
For example, if any of the network devices is ASG1 in fig. 7, ASG1 receives target route establishment messages 1 and 2 from P1, and since the MTU thresholds in target route establishment messages 1 and 2 are both the first MTU threshold 500 of RSG, and the first MTU threshold 500 of RSG is equal to the MTU threshold 500 configured by ASG1, ASG1 takes 500 as the first threshold of ASG1, adds the address information of ASG1 to target route establishment message 1, obtains target route establishment message 3, and sends target route establishment message 3 to CSG 1. The ASG1 takes the ASG2 as a BGP neighbor, adds the address information of the ASG1 in the target route establishing message 2 to obtain a target route establishing message 4, and sends the target route establishing message 4 to the ASG2. For another example, if any network device is ASG2 in fig. 7, after ASG2 receives target route establishment message 4, and MTU threshold 500 in target route establishment message 4 is smaller than MTU threshold 600 locally pre-configured in ASG2, ASG2 uses 600 as the first MTU threshold of ASG2, and modifies MTU threshold 500 in target route establishment message 4 to 600, and adds address information of ASG2 to target route establishment message 4 to obtain target route establishment message 5, and sends target route establishment message 5 to CSG 2.
604. When the node receiving the at least one target route establishment message is a leaf node of the data forwarding path, the network device serving as the leaf node performs local configuration based on at least one MTU threshold in the at least one target route establishment message.
The process of the leaf node performing local configuration based on the at least one MTU threshold is the same as the process of determining the first MTU threshold of any network device by any network device in step 6042, and details of this step 605 are not described herein in this embodiment of the present application. For example, the leaf node is CSG1 in fig. 7, after CSG1 receives the target route establishment message 3, the first MTU threshold 500 of ASG1 is obtained from the target route establishment message 3, and if CSG1 does not pre-configure an MTU threshold, CSG1 directly configures the first MTU threshold 500 of ASG1 as the first MTU threshold of CSG 1.
It should be noted that, when the network devices between the root node and the receiving end do not pre-configure the MTU threshold, the same MTU threshold can be configured for the network devices between the root node and the receiving end by sending the target route establishment message carrying the MTU threshold from the root node, so as to be used in the subsequent route establishment process.
As shown in steps 601-604, the MTU thresholds are sequentially transferred hop by hop from the root node to the leaf nodes, and since the transferred MTU thresholds are updated only in the network device having the function of configuring the MTU thresholds, when the network device having the function of configuring the MTU thresholds is the first network device, the first MTU threshold of the first network device is the maximum value of the at least one MTU threshold that is sent to the first network device by the at least one previous-hop network device of the first network device.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, the MTU threshold values are sequentially transmitted to the leaf node direction through the root node, and the local first MTU threshold value is automatically configured by the network equipment with the function of configuring the MTU threshold values without statically configuring the MTU threshold values of the network equipment, so that when the number of nodes in a data stream forwarding path is large, the network operation efficiency can be improved through the processes shown in 601-605. It is to be understood that, as another possible implementation manner, each node in the data stream transmission path may also directly acquire the MTU threshold to be stored in a local static configuration manner, instead of determining the locally stored MTU threshold according to the MTU threshold carried in the target route establishment message sent by the upstream network device.
For further explanation of the MTU value determining process based on the above process 2, refer to a flowchart of an MTU determining method provided in the embodiment of the present application shown in fig. 9.
901. The leaf node determines a second MTU threshold.
The leaf node sends the second MTU threshold to the upstream network device in the route establishment process, where the second MTU threshold of the leaf node may be the first MTU threshold determined by the leaf node based on the manner described in fig. 6, or may be statically configured by the leaf node.
902. The leaf node sends the MTU value of the leaf node and the second MTU threshold to the candidate first intermediate node.
The candidate ith intermediate node is an intermediate node that can be candidate to become the ith intermediate node on the data stream forwarding path, and is called a candidate intermediate node, and when i =1, the candidate ith intermediate node is also a candidate first intermediate node.
And the leaf node sends the MTU value of the leaf node and the second MTU threshold value to the candidate first intermediate node selected when the leaf node establishes the route by using a second message, wherein the second message comprises the MTU value of the leaf node and the second MTU threshold value. The second message is used for indicating the candidate first intermediate node receiving the message to establish a data flow forwarding path according to the MTU value of the leaf node and the MTU threshold value, and uploading the MTU value of the candidate first intermediate node and the second MTU threshold value. Optionally, the second message includes a first MTU triple for storing a tag-length-value (TLV) of the MTU value of the network device, and a second MTU triple, where a tag bit in the first MTU triple is used for storing a type value of the MTU value of the network device, so as to indicate that the MTU value in the first MTU triple is the MTU value of the network device, a length bit is used for storing the length of the MTU value of the network device, and a value bit is used for storing the MTU value of the network device, and for a leaf node, the MTU value of the leaf node is also an invalid MTU value, for example, a schematic structural diagram of the first MTU triple provided in the embodiment of the present application shown in fig. 10. The tag bit in the second MTU triplet is used to store a type value of the second MTU threshold, so as to indicate that the MTU threshold in the second MTU triplet is the second MTU threshold of the network device, the length bit is used to store the length of the second MTU threshold of the network device, and the value bit is used to store the second MTU threshold of the network device. In one possible implementation, the second message is an mLDP mapping message.
In one possible implementation, the leaf node generates the second message based on the MTU value of the leaf node and the second MTU threshold, and sends the second message to the candidate first intermediate node. Optionally, the second message further includes address information of a root node and address information of the leaf node. In one possible implementation, the leaf node determines a network device to which the leaf node connects towards the root node as the first candidate intermediate node. For example, the leaf node is CSG1 in fig. 7, and if the candidate first intermediate node determined when CSG1 constructs a path to the RSG direction is ASG1, CSG1 sends the MTU value of CSG1 and the second MTU threshold to ASG1.
903. For any candidate intermediate node of the data flow forwarding path, the any candidate intermediate node receives N MTU values and N second MTU thresholds of the N candidate downstream network devices from the N candidate downstream network devices of the any candidate intermediate node.
For any network device in the N candidate downstream network devices, the candidate intermediate node receives a second message sent by the candidate network device, and obtains the MTU value and the second MTU threshold of the candidate network device from the second message. For example, the candidate intermediate node is ASG1 in fig. 7, and ASG1 receives the MTU threshold and the second MTU threshold transmitted by CSG1, and the MTU threshold and the second MTU threshold transmitted by ASG2.
904. The any candidate intermediate node obtains a first MTU comparison threshold for the any candidate intermediate node.
And the any candidate intermediate node determines the first MTU comparison threshold of the any candidate intermediate node according to the N second MTU thresholds of the N candidate downstream network devices.
In a possible implementation manner, when the any one candidate intermediate node stores the first MTU threshold, for example, when the any one candidate intermediate node is the ASG1, ASG2, or RSG node shown in fig. 7, the any one candidate intermediate node obtains the maximum MTU threshold of the N second MTU thresholds and the first MTU threshold of the any one candidate intermediate node, and determines the maximum MTU threshold as the first MTU comparison threshold of the any one candidate intermediate node; when the any candidate intermediate node does not store the MTU threshold, for example, when the any candidate intermediate node is the P1 or P2 node shown in fig. 7, the any candidate intermediate node acquires the maximum MTU threshold among the N second MTU thresholds, and determines the acquired maximum MTU threshold as the first MTU comparison threshold of the any candidate intermediate node.
905. The any candidate intermediate node obtains N path MTU values, one path MTU value being an MTU value of a link between the any candidate intermediate node and one of the N downstream network devices.
In a possible implementation manner, the process of obtaining N path MTU values by any candidate intermediate node is the same as the process of obtaining N path MTU values in step 403, and here, details shown in step 905 are not repeated in this embodiment of the present application.
906. And determining the minimum value as the MTU value of any candidate intermediate node according to the N MTU values and the minimum value of the N path MTU values, wherein the minimum value is larger than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold value.
When the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values is greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold, the any one candidate intermediate node determines the minimum value as the MTU value of any one candidate intermediate node.
907. The any candidate intermediate node sends the MTU value of any of the candidate intermediate nodes and the first MTU comparison threshold to the candidate upstream network device of the any candidate intermediate node.
The candidate upstream network device is an intermediate node that can be a candidate to be a network device on the any candidate intermediate node on the data flow forwarding path. The any candidate intermediate node may obtain address information of the root node from the received second message, and determine, according to the address information of the root node, one network device connected to the any candidate intermediate node in the direction toward the root node as the candidate upstream network device. For example, if any of the candidate intermediate nodes is ASG1, ASG1 is connected to P1 and ASG2, and ASG1 receives the second message sent by ASG2, ASG2 is a downstream network device of ASG1 and cannot be a candidate upstream network device of ASG1, ASG1 may regard P1 as a candidate upstream network device of ASG1, and send the MTU threshold of ASG1 and the first MTU comparison threshold to P1.
The any candidate intermediate node uses the first MTU comparison threshold as a second MTU threshold of the any candidate intermediate node, and generates a new second message (i.e., a second message of the any candidate intermediate node), where the new second message includes the MTU value of the any candidate intermediate node and the first MTU comparison threshold, and the new second message further includes address information of the root node and address information of the any candidate intermediate node. In another possible implementation manner, the any candidate intermediate node selects one second message from the received N second messages, and if the MTU value in the second message is equal to the MTU value of the any candidate intermediate node and the second MTU threshold value in the second message is equal to the first MTU comparison threshold value, the any candidate intermediate node adds the address information of the any candidate intermediate node to the second message to obtain a new second message; if the MTU value in the second message is not equal to the MTU value of any candidate intermediate node, or the second MTU threshold in the second message is not equal to the first MTU threshold, any candidate intermediate node modifies the MTU value in the second message to the MTU value of any candidate intermediate node, or modifies the second MTU threshold in the second message to the first MTU comparison threshold, and adds the address information of any candidate intermediate node in the second message to obtain a new second message.
It should be noted that, when any candidate intermediate node is the first network device, the candidate upstream network device is also the third network device, and the process shown in step 907 is the process in which the first network device sends the N MTU values of the first network device, the minimum value among the N path MTU values, and the maximum MTU threshold among the N second MTU thresholds to the third network device.
908. The root node receives N MTU values and R second MTU thresholds for the N candidate downstream network devices of the root node from the N candidate downstream network devices of the root node.
Any network device of the N candidate downstream network devices of the root node, that is, the K-th intermediate node that is a candidate of a branch of the data flow forwarding path. Still taking fig. 7 as an example, the N candidate downstream network devices of the RSG include P1, and the RSG receives the MTU threshold sent by P1 and the second MTU threshold.
The process in step 908 is the same as the process in step 903, and the process in step 908 is not described in detail in this embodiment of the present application.
When the root node is the first network device, the process shown in step 908 is a process in which the first network device receives N MTU values of the N network devices from the N network devices.
909. The root node obtains a first MTU comparison threshold for the root node.
The process shown in step 909 is the same as the process shown in step 904, and the process shown in step 909 is not described in detail in this embodiment of the present application.
When the root node is the first network device, the process shown in step 909 is also a process in which the first network device obtains the first MTU comparison threshold of the first network device.
910. The root node obtains N path MTU values, one of which is an MTU value of a link between the root node and one of N candidate downstream network devices of the root node.
The process in step 910 is the same as the process in step 905, and the process in step 910 is not described in detail in this embodiment of the application.
When the root node is the first network device, the process shown in step 910 is also the process in which the first network device acquires the MTU values of the N paths.
911. And the root node determines the minimum value as the MTU value of the root node according to the obtained minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values, wherein the minimum value is greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold value.
The process shown in step 911 is the same as the process shown in step 906, and the process shown in step 911 is not described in detail in this embodiment of the present application.
When the root node is the first network device, the process shown in step 911 is a process in which the first network device determines the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network device according to the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values, where the minimum value is greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold of the first network device.
912. The root node forwards the data flow to one or more of the N candidate downstream network devices of the root node based on the MTU value of the root node.
The process shown in step 912 is the same as the process shown in step 410, and the process shown in step 912 is not described in detail in this embodiment of the present application.
Unlike the example shown in fig. 9, in a possible implementation manner, the downstream network device may also not send the second MTU threshold to the upstream network device, but only send the MTU value of the downstream network device to the upstream network device, and then implement the corresponding routing operation performed by the upstream network device in the method 900 according to the locally stored MTU threshold as the first MTU comparison threshold by the upstream network device.
According to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, when the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values of the N network equipment is larger than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold value of the first network equipment, the first network equipment determines the minimum value larger than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold value as the MTU value of the first network equipment, so that the network operation problem caused by the fact that a smaller MTU value is determined as the MTU value of the network equipment in the scenes of malicious attack or mis-configuration and the like can be avoided.
In another possible case, each network device includes at least one output port and at least one input port, for 2 network devices connected to each other, the at least one output port of one network device is connected to the at least one input port of another network device on a one-to-one basis, and each pair of the output port and the input port connected to each other forms a link between which a path MTU value is set, so that there is at least one link between the 2 network devices. In another possible implementation, each output port of each network device includes at least one output sub-port, each input port includes at least one input sub-port, for 2 network devices connected to each other, at least one output sub-port of an output port of one network device is connected to at least one input sub-port of an input port of another network device one by one, and a link is formed between each pair of the output sub-port and the input sub-port connected to each other, so that there is at least one link between the 2 network devices.
For the case that there is at least one link between network devices, any candidate intermediate node in fig. 9 may further prune links between the candidate intermediate node and N downstream network devices according to the first MTU comparison threshold, and obtain a pruned path MTU value. In one possible implementation, the above steps 905, 906, 910 and 911 may be replaced by the following steps 905A, 906A, 910A and 911A, respectively.
905A, the any candidate intermediate node obtains M path MTU values according to the first MTU comparison threshold, where one path MTU value is an MTU value of a link between the any candidate intermediate node and one network device of the N candidate downstream network devices, and the M path MTU values are all greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold.
Implementations of this step 905A include the following modes 3 and 4.
In the method 3, a link between any one of the candidate intermediate nodes and each of the N candidate downstream network devices is pruned to obtain a path MTU value that satisfies a preset condition. In one possible implementation, the pruning process of the mode 3 is as follows: if any candidate intermediate node is a first network device, the N downstream network devices are all second network devices, and for any second network device in the N downstream network devices, the first network device determines the minimum value of the MTU value and the path MTU value of the any second network device; the first network device does not allow the link between any second network device and the first network device to join a data flow forwarding path according to the fact that the minimum value of the MTU value and the path MTU value of any second network device is smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold value, and the data flow forwarding path is a path established by the first network device according to the N MTU values of the N second network devices and the N second MTU threshold values received from the N second network devices.
In a possible implementation manner, for any network device in the N downstream network devices, the any candidate intermediate node obtains a first path MTU value of a first link between the any network device and the any candidate intermediate node, the any candidate intermediate node determines a minimum value between the MTU value of the any network device and the first path MTU value, and if the minimum value is smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold, the any candidate intermediate node does not allow the first link to join the data stream forwarding path; the any candidate intermediate node continues to acquire a second path MTU value of a second link between the any network device and the any candidate intermediate node, the any candidate intermediate node determines a minimum value between the MTU value of the any network device and the second path MTU value, if the newly determined minimum value is still smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold, the any candidate intermediate node continues to acquire path MTU values of other links between the any network device and the any candidate intermediate node until a path MTU value larger than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold is acquired, and the MTU value of the any network device is larger than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold, then the any candidate intermediate node takes the path MTU value larger than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold as one of M path MTU values; if the path MTU value greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold is not obtained by any candidate intermediate node or the MTU value of any network device is less than the first MTU comparison threshold, the any candidate intermediate node does not allow the link between the any candidate intermediate node and the any network device to join the data stream forwarding path. The first link is any link between the candidate intermediate node and the network device, and the second link is any link between the candidate intermediate node and the network device except the first link. For example, the any candidate intermediate node and the any network device are ASG1 and CSG1 in fig. 7, respectively, a path MTU value of a first link between ASG1 and CSG1 is 300, a path MTU value of a second link between ASG1 and CSG1 is 700, a first MTU comparison threshold value of CSG1 is 600, since the path MTU value 300 of the first link is smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold value 600, ASG1 does not allow the first link between ASG1 and CSG1 to join the data flow forwarding path, and since the path MTU value 700 of the second link is greater than the first MTU comparison threshold value 600, ASG1 allows the second link between ASG1 and CSG1 to join the data flow forwarding path.
In the method 4, links between the candidate downstream network devices, of which the MTU values are greater than the first MTU comparison threshold, of the N candidate downstream network devices and any one of the candidate intermediate nodes are pruned, so as to obtain the path MTU value meeting the preset condition. In one possible implementation, the pruning process of the mode 4 is as follows: if any candidate intermediate node is a first network device, N candidate downstream network devices are all second network devices, the first network device determines S MTU thresholds which are greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold in the N MTU values, for a second network device corresponding to any MTU threshold in the S MTU thresholds, the first network device selects a path MTU value which is greater than the first MTU threshold from at least one path MTU of at least one link between the first network device and the second network device as one of the M path MTU values, if the path MTU values of the link between the first network device and the second network device are all less than the first MTU comparison threshold, the first network device does not allow the link between the first network device and the second network device to join a data flow forwarding path, where M is greater than or equal to N, and S is an integer. In a possible implementation manner, if the MTU value of any network device of the N candidate downstream network devices is smaller than the first MTU threshold, the any candidate intermediate node does not allow the any network device to join the data flow forwarding path.
In a possible implementation manner, for any network device whose MTU value is greater than or equal to the first MTU threshold among the N candidate downstream network devices, the any candidate intermediate node obtains a path MTU value of a link between the any candidate intermediate node and the any network device, if the obtained path MTU value is less than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold, the any candidate intermediate node continues to obtain path MTU values of other links between the any network device and the any candidate intermediate node, if the obtained path MTU values of other links are greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold, the any candidate intermediate node adds the other links to the data flow forwarding path, and if the obtained path MTU value that is greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold is not obtained, the any candidate intermediate node does not allow the link between the any candidate intermediate node and the any network device to add to the data flow forwarding path.
As can be seen from the foregoing manner 3 or manner 4, if a path MTU value greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold exists between any one of the N candidate downstream network devices and any one of the candidate intermediate nodes, and the MTU value of any one of the network devices is greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold, then any one of the candidate intermediate nodes can acquire N path MTU values greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold, where the acquired N path MTU values belong to one link between any one of the candidate intermediate nodes and the N downstream network devices, respectively. If there is no path MTU value between any of the N candidate downstream network devices and the any candidate intermediate node that is greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold, or the MTU value of the any network device is less than the first MTU comparison threshold, then the link between the any network device and the any candidate intermediate node does not allow the data flow to join the data flow forwarding path, and then the any candidate intermediate node does not acquire N path MTU values that are greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold.
It should be noted that, for any network device in the N downstream network devices of any candidate intermediate node, if any candidate intermediate node does not allow the link between any network device and any candidate intermediate node to join the data flow forwarding path, any candidate intermediate node may also return a link joining rejection message to any network device, where the link joining rejection message is used to indicate that the link between any network device and any candidate intermediate node is not allowed to join the data flow forwarding path; after the any network device receives the link join reject message, the any network device may further re-determine another candidate upstream network device of the any network device according to the address information of the root node, and send the MTU value of the any network device and the second MTU threshold value to the another candidate upstream network device, so as to increase the probability of establishing the branch where the any network device is located. For example, if any of the network devices is ASG2 in fig. 7, the path MTU value of the link between ASG2 and P2 is 200, if initially, ASG2 determines P2 as a candidate upstream network device of ASG2, ASG2 sends the MTU value of ASG2 and the second MTU threshold 600 to P2, since P2 does not set the MTU threshold, P2 determines the second MTU threshold 600 of ASG2 as the first MTU comparison threshold of P2, since the path MTU value 200 of the link between ASG2 and P2 is smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold 600 of P2, P2 does not allow the link between ASG2 and P2 to join the data flow forwarding path, P2 returns a link join reject message to ASG2, and after ASG2 receives the link join reject message sent by P2, it indicates that ASG2 fails to establish a path to RSG through P2, ASG2 determines ASG1 as another candidate upstream network device of ASG2, and sends the second MTU value to RSG 2 to forward the data flow through RSG 1.
906A, determining the minimum value as the MTU value of any candidate intermediate node by the any candidate intermediate node according to the M MTU values and the minimum value of the M path MTU values being greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold.
The M MTU values are the same as the candidate downstream network devices corresponding to the M path MTU values. When the minimum value is greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold, indicating that the minimum value is not a maliciously configured MTU value, the any candidate intermediate node determines the minimum value as the MTU value of the any candidate intermediate node.
910A, the root node obtains Y path MTU values according to the first MTU comparison threshold of the root node, where one path MTU value is an MTU value of a link between the root node and one of N candidate downstream network devices of the root node, and the Y path MTU values are all greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold of the root node, where N > Y ≧ 0 and is an integer.
The process shown in step 910A is the same as the process shown in step 905A, and the process shown in step 910A is not described in detail in this embodiment of the present application.
911A, determining, by the root node, the minimum value of the Y MTU values and the Y path MTU values as the MTU value of the root node, the minimum value being greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold.
The Y MTU values are the same as the candidate downstream network devices corresponding to the Y path MTU values, and the process shown in step 911A is the same as the process shown in step 906A, which is not described in detail herein in this embodiment of the present application.
To further illustrate the procedure of transferring the MTU threshold and the second MTU threshold in the above-mentioned scenario of fig. 9 in conjunction with pruning, still taking fig. 7 as an example, the first MTU threshold set locally by RSG and ASG1 is 500, the first MTU threshold set locally by ASG2 is 600, the path MTU value of link 1 between csg1 and ASG1 is 300, the path MTU value of link 2 is 700, the path value of link between P2 and ASG2 is 200, the path MTU values of the remaining links are 1500, the second MTU threshold of csg1 is 500, and the second MTU threshold of csg2 is 600.
CSG2 sends the MTU value FFFF of ASG2 and a second MTU threshold 600 to ASG 2; after receiving the MTU value FFFF of CSG2 and the second MTU threshold 600, the ASG2 uses the maximum value 600 of the first MTU threshold 600 of ASG2 and the second MTU threshold 600 of CSG2 as the first comparison threshold of ASG 2; ASG2 obtains a path MTU value 1500 of the link between ASG2 and CSG2, and since the path MTU value 1500 of the link between ASG2 and CSG2 is greater than the first comparison threshold 600 of ASG2, ASG2 adds the link between ASG2 and CSG2 to the data flow forwarding path, and takes the path MTU value 1500 of the link between ASG2 and CSG2 as the MTU value of ASG2, and takes the first MTU comparison threshold 600 as the second MTU threshold of ASG 2; after ASG2 determines ASG1 as a candidate upstream network device, ASG2 sends an MTU value 1500 of ASG2 and a second MTU threshold 600 to ASG1. CSG1 sends an MTU value FFFF of CSG1 and a second MTU threshold value 500 to ASG 1; when ASG1 receives MTU value FFFF and second MTU threshold 500 of CSG1, and MTU value 1500 and second MTU threshold 600 of ASG2, ASG1 determines maximum value 600 among first MTU threshold 500 of ASG1, second MTU threshold 500 of CSG1, and second MTU threshold 600 of ASG2 as first MTU comparison threshold of ASG1. ASG1 obtains a path MTU value 300 of link 1 between ASG1 and CSG1, and since the path MTU value 300 of link 1 is smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold 600 of ASG1, ASG1 does not allow link 1 to join the data flow forwarding path, ASG1 continues to obtain a path MTU value 700 of link 2 between ASG1 and CSG1, and the path MTU value 700 of link 2 is greater than the first MTU comparison threshold 600 of ASG1, ASG1 allows link 2 to join the data flow forwarding path. ASG1 obtains the path MTU value 1500 of the link between ASG1 and ASG2, and since the minimum value 600 of the path MTU value 1500 of the link between ASG1 and ASG2 and the second MTU threshold 600 of ASG2 is equal to the first MTU comparison threshold 600 of ASG1, ASG1 adds the link between ASG1 and ASG2 to the data flow forwarding path. ASG1 uses the minimum value 700 among the acquired path MTU value 700, path MTU value 1500, and MTU value 1500 of ASG2 as the MTU value of ASG1, uses the first MTU comparison threshold 600 as the second MTU threshold of ASG1, and when ASG1 uses P1 as an upstream network device, ASG1 transmits the MTU value 700 of ASG1 and the second MTU threshold 600 to P1. After acquiring the MTU value 700 and the second MTU threshold 600 of the ASG1, the P1 acquires a path MTU value 1500 of a link between the P1 and the ASG1, and since the P1 does not have the first MTU threshold, the P1 takes the second MTU threshold 600 of the ASG1 as the first MTU comparison threshold of the P1, and if the minimum value 700 of the path MTU value 1500 of the link between the P1 and the ASG1 and the MTU value 700 of the ASG1 is greater than the first MTU comparison threshold 600 of the P1, the P1 takes the minimum value 700 as the MTU value of the P1, takes the first MTU comparison threshold 600 as the second MTU threshold of the P1, and the P1 transmits the MTU value 700 of the P1 and the second MTU threshold 600 to the RSG; after the RSG receives the MTU value 700 of P1 and the second MTU threshold 600 of P1, the RSG determines the maximum value 600 of the second MTU threshold 600 of P1 and the first MTU threshold 500 of the RSG as the first MTU comparison threshold of the RSG; the RSG obtains a path MTU value 1500 of the link between P1 and the RSG, and since a minimum value 700 of the path MTU value 1500 of the link between P1 and the RSG and the MTU value 700 of P1 is greater than a first MTU comparison threshold 600 of the RSG, the RSG adds the link between P1 and the RSG to the data flow forwarding path, thereby establishing a branch CSG1-ASG1-P1-RSG and a branch CSG2-ASG 1-P1-RSG. The RSG determines the minimum value 700 of a path MTU value 1500 of a link between the P1 and the RSG and an MTU value 700 of the P1 as the MTU value of the RSG, forwards the data flow sent by the video server to the P1 based on the MTU value 700, the P1 forwards the data flow sent by the RSG to the ASG1, after the ASG1 receives the data flow sent by the P1, the ASG1 copies the data flow in two parts, one copy of the data flow is sent to the CSG1 and the ASG2 respectively, the CSG1 sends the received data flow to the terminal 1, the ASG2 sends the received data flow to the CSG2, and the CSG2 sends the received data flow to the terminal 2, so that the RSG is prevented from using the MTU value 300 as the MTU value of the RSG, and the data flow forwarding path is protected.
It should be noted that, the data stream forwarding paths mentioned in the processes shown in fig. 4 and fig. 9 may be end-to-end data stream forwarding paths, or may be segmented data stream forwarding paths. The segmented data stream forwarding path may include a plurality of segments, each segment includes a plurality of network devices, a first network device in a segment is also a root node of the segment, a last network device in a segment is a leaf node of the segment, each segment on the data stream forwarding path is equivalent to a target data stream forwarding path, and the process shown in fig. 4, fig. 6, or fig. 9 may be performed based on each target data stream forwarding path. For example, in fig. 2, a link between RSG and ASG1 is a first segment, a link between ASG1 and CSG1 is a second segment, RSG is a root node of the first segment, the root node sets a first MTU threshold of 500, ASG1 is a leaf node of the first segment, ASG1 is also a root node of the second segment, the set first MTU threshold is 600, and CSG1 is a leaf node of the second segment. The RSG in the first segment and the ASG1 in the second segment perform the steps performed by the root node in fig. 4, 6 or 9, the P1 in the first segment performs the steps performed by the middle point in fig. 4, 6 or 9, and the ASG1 in the first segment and the CSG1 in the second segment perform the steps performed by the leaf node in fig. 4, 6 or 9.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an MTU determining apparatus provided in this embodiment, where the apparatus 1100 may be the first network device or a functional component in the first network device as described in the foregoing embodiments, and the apparatus 1100 includes:
a receiving module 1101, configured to receive N MTU values of N network devices from the N network devices, where N is greater than or equal to 1 and is an integer;
an obtaining module 1102, configured to obtain N path MTU values, where one path MTU value is an MTU value of a link between the first network device and one network device of the N network devices;
a determining module 1103, configured to determine, if the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values is smaller than a first MTU threshold of the first network device, that the first MTU threshold is the MTU value of the first network device.
Optionally, the N network devices include a second network device, and the receiving module 1101 is configured to:
and receiving a message sent by the second network device, wherein the message carries the MTU value of the second network device, and the MTU value of the second network device belongs to the N MTU values.
Optionally, the determining module 1103 is further configured to:
and if the minimum value is larger than or equal to the first MTU threshold value, determining the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network equipment.
Optionally, the apparatus 1100 further comprises a sending module, configured to:
forwarding a data stream to one or more of the N network devices based on the MTU value of the first network device;
or, sending the MTU value of the first network device to a third network device.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an MTU determining apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the apparatus 1200 may be a first network device or a functional component in the first network device as described in the foregoing embodiments, and the apparatus 1200 includes:
a receiving module 1201, configured to receive N MTU values of N network devices from the N network devices, where N is greater than or equal to 1 and is an integer;
a first obtaining module 1202, configured to obtain a first MTU comparison threshold of the first network device;
a second obtaining module 1203, configured to obtain N path MTU values, where one path MTU value is an MTU value of a link between the first network device and one network device of the N network devices;
a first determining module 1204, configured to determine, according to a minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values, that is greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold, the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network device.
Optionally, the N network devices include a second network device, and the apparatus 1200 further includes:
a second determining module, configured to determine a minimum value of the MTU value and the path MTU value of the second network device;
a control module, configured to disallow a link between the second network device and the first network device to join a data flow forwarding path according to that a minimum value of the MTU value and the path MTU value of the second network device is smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold, where the data flow forwarding path is a path established by the first network device according to the N MTU values of the N second network devices and the N second MTU thresholds received from the N second network devices.
Optionally, the first obtaining module 1202 includes:
and the determining unit is used for determining the first MTU comparison threshold according to the N second MTU thresholds sent by the N network devices.
Optionally, the determining unit is configured to:
acquiring N second MTU thresholds sent by the N network devices and a maximum MTU threshold in the first MTU thresholds of the first network device, and determining the maximum MTU threshold as a first MTU comparison threshold of the first network device;
or, obtaining a maximum MTU threshold value of the N second MTU threshold values sent by the N network devices, and determining the obtained maximum MTU threshold value as the first MTU comparison threshold value of the first network device.
Optionally, the apparatus 1200 further comprises:
a first sending module, configured to send the first MTU threshold of the first network device to the N network devices.
Optionally, the first MTU threshold is an MTU threshold stored by the first network device;
or, the first MTU threshold is a maximum value of the MTU thresholds stored by the first network device and at least one MTU threshold that is sent by at least one previous hop network device of the first network device to the first network device.
Optionally, the apparatus 1200 further includes a second sending module, configured to:
forwarding a data stream to one or more of the N network devices based on the MTU value of the first network device;
or, sending the minimum value and the maximum MTU threshold value of the first network device to a third network device.
All the above optional technical solutions may be combined arbitrarily to form the optional embodiments of the present disclosure, and are not described herein again.
It should be noted that: the MTU determining apparatus provided in the above embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when determining the MTU value, and in practical applications, the above function distribution may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above described functions. In addition, the embodiments of the MTU determining method provided in the above embodiments belong to the same concept, and specific implementation processes thereof are described in the embodiments of the method for details, which are not described herein again.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product or a computer program, where the computer program product or the computer program includes computer instructions, the computer instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium, a processor of a computer device reads the computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the MTU determination method.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It will be appreciated that the data so used may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments described herein may be practiced otherwise than as specifically illustrated or described herein. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or modules is not necessarily limited to those steps or modules explicitly listed, but may include other steps or modules not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. The naming or numbering of the steps appearing in the present application does not mean that the steps in the method flow have to be executed in the chronological/logical order indicated by the naming or numbering, and the named or numbered process steps may be executed in a modified order depending on the technical purpose to be achieved, as long as the same or similar technical effects are achieved. The division of the units presented in this application is a logical division, and in practical applications, there may be another division, for example, multiple units may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed, and in addition, the shown or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between the units may be in an electrical or other similar form, which is not limited in this application. Furthermore, the units or sub-units described as the separation component may or may not be physically separated, may or may not be physical units, or may be distributed in a plurality of circuit units, and a part or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present application.
The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (24)

1. A maximum transmission unit, MTU, determination method, performed by a first network device, the method comprising:
receiving N MTU values of the N network devices from the N network devices, wherein N is not less than 1 and is an integer;
acquiring N path MTU values, wherein one path MTU value is the MTU value of a link between the first network equipment and one network equipment in the N network equipment;
and if the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values is smaller than a first MTU threshold value of the first network equipment, determining the first MTU threshold value as the MTU value of the first network equipment.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the N network devices comprise a second network device, and wherein receiving the N MTU values for the N network devices from the N network devices comprises:
and receiving a message sent by the second network device, wherein the message carries the MTU value of the second network device, and the MTU value of the second network device belongs to the N MTU values.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein after obtaining the N path MTU values, the method further comprises:
and if the minimum value is larger than or equal to the first MTU threshold value, determining the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network equipment.
4. The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein after determining the first MTU threshold as the MTU value for the first network device, the method further comprises:
forwarding a data stream to one or more of the N network devices based on the MTU value of the first network device;
or, sending the MTU value of the first network device to a third network device.
5. A method for maximum transmission unit, MTU, determination, the method being performed by a first network device, the method comprising:
receiving N MTU values of the N network devices from the N network devices, wherein N is not less than 1 and is an integer;
acquiring a first MTU comparison threshold of the first network equipment;
acquiring N path MTU values, wherein one path MTU value is the MTU value of a link between the first network equipment and one network equipment in the N network equipment;
and determining the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network equipment according to the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values, wherein the minimum value is larger than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold value.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the N network devices comprise a second network device, the method further comprising:
determining a minimum of the MTU value and the path MTU value of the second network device;
and according to the fact that the minimum value of the MTU value and the path MTU value of the second network equipment is smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold value, not allowing a link between the second network equipment and the first network equipment to be added into a data flow forwarding path, wherein the data flow forwarding path is a path established by the first network equipment according to the N MTU values of the N second network equipment and the N second MTU threshold values received from the N second network equipment.
7. The method of claim 5 or 6, wherein the obtaining the first MTU comparison threshold for the first network device comprises:
and determining the first MTU comparison threshold according to N second MTU thresholds sent by the N network devices.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein determining the first MTU comparison threshold based on N second MTU thresholds sent by the N network devices comprises:
acquiring N second MTU thresholds sent by the N network devices and a maximum MTU threshold in the first MTU thresholds of the first network devices, and determining the maximum MTU threshold as a first MTU comparison threshold of the first network devices;
or, obtaining a maximum MTU threshold value of the N second MTU threshold values sent by the N network devices, and determining the obtained maximum MTU threshold value as the first MTU comparison threshold value of the first network device.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein prior to receiving the N MTU values for the N network devices from the N network devices, the method further comprises:
sending the first MTU threshold of the first network device to the N network devices.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the first MTU threshold is a MTU threshold stored by the first network device;
or, the first MTU threshold is a maximum value of the MTU thresholds stored by the first network device and at least one MTU threshold that is sent by at least one previous hop network device of the first network device to the first network device.
11. The method according to any of claims 8-10, wherein after determining the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network device, the method further comprises:
forwarding a data stream to one or more of the N network devices based on the MTU value of the first network device;
or, sending the minimum value and the maximum MTU threshold of the first network device to a third network device.
12. An apparatus for Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) determination, the apparatus being a first network device, the apparatus comprising:
the receiving module is used for receiving N MTU values of the N network devices from the N network devices, wherein N is not less than 1 and is an integer;
an obtaining module, configured to obtain N path MTU values, where one path MTU value is an MTU value of a link between the first network device and one network device of the N network devices;
a determining module, configured to determine, if the minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values is smaller than a first MTU threshold of the first network device, the first MTU threshold as the MTU value of the first network device.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the N network devices comprise a second network device, and wherein the receiving module is configured to:
and receiving a message sent by the second network device, wherein the message carries the MTU value of the second network device, and the MTU value of the second network device belongs to the N MTU values.
14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the determining module is further configured to:
and if the minimum value is larger than or equal to the first MTU threshold value, determining the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network equipment.
15. The apparatus according to any of claims 12-14, wherein the apparatus further comprises a transmitting module configured to:
forwarding a data stream to one or more of the N network devices based on the MTU value of the first network device;
or, sending the MTU value of the first network device to a third network device.
16. An apparatus for Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) determination, the apparatus being a first network device, the apparatus comprising:
the receiving module is used for receiving N MTU values of the N network devices from the N network devices, wherein N is more than or equal to 1 and is an integer;
a first obtaining module, configured to obtain a first MTU comparison threshold of the first network device;
a second obtaining module, configured to obtain N path MTU values, where one path MTU value is an MTU value of a link between the first network device and one network device of the N network devices;
a first determining module, configured to determine, according to a minimum value of the N MTU values and the N path MTU values, that is greater than or equal to the first MTU comparison threshold, the minimum value as the MTU value of the first network device.
17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the N network devices comprise a second network device, the apparatus further comprising:
a second determining module, configured to determine a minimum value of the MTU value and the path MTU value of the second network device;
a control module, configured to disallow a link between the second network device and the first network device to join a data flow forwarding path according to that a minimum value of the MTU value and the path MTU value of the second network device is smaller than the first MTU comparison threshold, where the data flow forwarding path is a path established by the first network device according to the N MTU values of the N second network devices and the N second MTU thresholds received from the N second network devices.
18. The apparatus of claim 16 or 17, wherein the first obtaining module comprises:
and the determining unit is used for determining the first MTU comparison threshold according to the N second MTU thresholds sent by the N network devices.
19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the determining unit is configured to:
acquiring N second MTU thresholds sent by the N network devices and a maximum MTU threshold in the first MTU thresholds of the first network devices, and determining the maximum MTU threshold as a first MTU comparison threshold of the first network devices;
or, obtaining a maximum MTU threshold value of the N second MTU threshold values sent by the N network devices, and determining the obtained maximum MTU threshold value as the first MTU comparison threshold value of the first network device.
20. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising:
a first sending module, configured to send the first MTU threshold of the first network device to the N network devices.
21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the first MTU threshold is a MTU threshold stored by the first network device;
or, the first MTU threshold is a maximum value of the MTU thresholds stored by the first network device and at least one MTU threshold that is sent by at least one previous hop network device of the first network device to the first network device.
22. The apparatus according to any of claims 19-21, wherein the apparatus further comprises a second transmitting module configured to:
forwarding a data stream to one or more of the N network devices based on the MTU value of the first network device;
or, sending the minimum value and the maximum MTU threshold of the first network device to a third network device.
23. A network device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory having stored therein at least one program code, the program code being loaded and executed by the processor to perform operations performed by the maximum transmission unit, MTU, determination method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
24. A storage medium having stored therein at least one program code, which is loaded and executed by a processor to perform the operations performed by the maximum transmission unit MTU determining method according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
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