CN114079259A - Protective device - Google Patents
Protective device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114079259A CN114079259A CN202010804364.0A CN202010804364A CN114079259A CN 114079259 A CN114079259 A CN 114079259A CN 202010804364 A CN202010804364 A CN 202010804364A CN 114079259 A CN114079259 A CN 114079259A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/0007—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements concerning the detecting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H1/00—Details of emergency protective circuit arrangements
- H02H1/06—Arrangements for supplying operative power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
- H02H3/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current additionally responsive to some other abnormal electrical conditions
Abstract
The invention provides a protection device which comprises a current collector, a voltage collector, an insulating shell and an electronic controller, wherein the electronic controller comprises a current signal sampling circuit, a signal processing circuit, a first microprocessor, a second microprocessor, a man-machine interaction module and a communication module, the current collector outputs a current signal in a linear relation and in the same phase with a main circuit current in a rated range, the current signal has a saturation characteristic when exceeding the rated range, the output current signal has a certain duty ratio after saturation, and the duty ratio and the main circuit current have a corresponding relation, so that the functions of short-circuit protection, over-voltage and under-voltage protection, residual current monitoring, metering function, automatic physical topology support, on-site fault study and judgment, HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) communication, line loss analysis support, arc protection and the like can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-voltage distribution protection device, belonging to the field of low-voltage electrical appliances.
Background
With the continuous promotion of national power grids in the ubiquitous electric power thing networking plan, each product in the electric power system is continuously transformed and upgraded, and communication modules such as carrier waves, Bluetooth and the like, an electronic controller, a data display module and the like are added into the protection device. The proper operation of the individual modules depends on a stable power supply, and it is also specified in the corresponding national standard that the electronic controller should have at least one self-generated power supply generated by the energy of the protected line in order to obtain a stable output voltage. When an electronic controller in the circuit breaker normally works, the system disturbance problems need to be overcome, such as disturbance caused by power supply load power change, current change caused by starting, shutting down and even faults of electric appliances in a power grid, and the like.
In addition, the novel circuit breaker needs to realize functions such as short-circuit protection, overvoltage and undervoltage protection, residual current monitoring, metering function, automatic physical topology support, in-situ fault study and judgment, HPLC communication, line loss analysis support, arc protection and the like, so that the current collector, the voltage collector and the like are required to have metering function and self-generated power supply function, the range of the current collector needs to be expanded, and how to realize the functions under small volume needs to reasonably design the current collector, the voltage collector and the like.
A similar inventive content is mentioned in the document with patent application No. 202010456970.8, but the current self-generated power supply used therein is not only costly and not absolutely necessary in low-voltage metering box systems, but it is also possible to implement the short-circuit protection function in a more economical and rational manner. The number of electronic components is reduced, the size is further reduced, and the miniaturization of products is facilitated.
In a metering type intelligent circuit breaker based on the internet of things disclosed in the patent document with the publication number of CN110412346A, a voltage signal is provided by a power supply module and is sent to a metering chip to accurately measure voltage; the current signal is provided by the current transformer, is sent to the metering signal processing circuit and the metering chip during normal current, and the current is accurately measured by the metering chip; and the abnormal current is sent to a protection signal processing circuit and is provided for the CPU for ADC and protection, a current self-generating power supply is provided, and the CPU can switch the working mode of the circuit for signal processing according to the current value. The mode has the defects that the metering circuit and the protection circuit cannot detect current signals simultaneously, and the switching circuit only can enable one path of current to detect, and the current self-generating power supply adopted by the mode is high in cost and not completely necessary in a low-voltage metering box system, so that the function of short-circuit protection can be completely realized in a more economical and reasonable mode.
In summary, the present invention is directed to reduce the number of electronic components, further reduce the size, and facilitate the miniaturization of products.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages and shortcomings, it is an object of the present invention to at least address one or more of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, in other words, to provide a protection device that meets one or more of the above-mentioned needs.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a protection device comprises a current collector, a voltage collector, an insulating shell and an electronic controller, wherein the current collector adopts a material with high initial magnetic conductivity as a magnetic core,
the current collector outputs a current signal which is in a linear relation and the same phase with the current of the main circuit in a rated range, the current signal has a saturation characteristic and a duty ratio corresponding to the current of the main circuit after exceeding the rated range,
the voltage collector outputs a voltage signal which is in a linear relation and the same phase with the main circuit voltage,
the electronic controller comprises a current signal sampling circuit, a signal processing circuit, a first microprocessor, a second microprocessor, a man-machine interaction module and a communication module,
the first microprocessor has at least 7 paths of ADC (analog to digital converter) capabilities with 16 bits and more, performs analog-to-digital conversion and calculation on signals conditioned by the signal processing circuit, outputs digital signals of a current effective value, a voltage effective value, power, a power factor, frequency, current ADC data and voltage data to the second microprocessor, and the second microprocessor transmits the digital signals to the communication module and/or the human-computer interaction module,
the first microprocessor carries out firmware calculation on a current value with a duty ratio of a current collector acquired by the current signal sampling circuit, the calculated current value is sent to the second microprocessor, and the second microprocessor obtains at least one of current related quantity, early warning, alarming and protection information through firmware calculation and sends corresponding communication information to the communication module.
Preferably, the protection device further comprises an actuator, a movable contact, a fixed contact, and an operating mechanism, the electronic controller further comprises a driving circuit and a voltage signal sampling circuit, the first microprocessor obtains a first processing result according to a current signal of the current collector and/or a voltage signal of the voltage collector and an internal firmware of the first microprocessor, and the first processing result comprises current vectors and data and/or current duty ratio raw data and/or current effective value data and/or voltage effective value data and/or frequency data and/or power factor and/or electric energy data and/or harmonic data.
Preferably, the second microprocessor obtains a second processing result according to the current signal of the current collector and/or the voltage signal of the voltage collector and/or the first processing result, and the second processing result includes residual current fault protection information and/or ground fault protection information and/or overcurrent fault protection information and/or overvoltage and undervoltage fault protection information and/or frequency fault protection information and/or inverse power fault protection information and/or non-intrusive load identification data.
Preferably, each pole of the low-voltage single-phase LN circuit, the three-phase ABC circuit or the three-phase four-wire ABCN circuit is provided with one current collector, and each phase of the low-voltage single-phase LN circuit, the three-phase ABC circuit or the three-phase four-wire ABCN circuit is provided with one voltage collector.
Preferably, the second microprocessor is provided with an internal and/or external memory, each fault protection threshold value and algorithm firmware are stored in the internal and/or external memory, whether a control signal is sent to the driving circuit or not is judged according to a firmware algorithm and the second processing result, the driving circuit drives the actuator to act, the actuator enables the operating mechanism to trip, and the operating mechanism drives the moving contact to be separated from the fixed contact, so that fault protection is realized.
Preferably, the fault protection comprises one or more of residual current protection, earth fault protection, or over-current protection, or over-voltage and under-voltage protection, or frequency protection or reverse power protection.
Preferably, the communication module adopts a wireless communication mode and/or a wired communication mode, the wireless communication mode includes at least one of communication modes such as 4G, 5G, WIFI, BLE, ZigBee, NB-IoT and LoRa, and the wired communication mode includes at least one of communication modes such as HPLC, PLC, RS485, LAN, CAN and Profibus.
Preferably, the electronic controller further comprises a temperature measurement module, the temperature measurement module generates a temperature signal, and the second processing result generated by the second microprocessor according to the internal firmware and the temperature signal further comprises temperature monitoring information and an over-temperature protection instruction.
Preferably, the voltage collector is an isolated inductive sensor or a resistance divider circuit with the main circuit.
Preferably, the voltage collecting point of the voltage collector is in a direction that a breakpoint formed by the moving contact and the fixed contact is close to the incoming line end.
Preferably, the electronic controller comprises a power module, and the voltage collector is used as an input of electric energy of the power module.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the power module is provided with the voltage power supply that voltage collector provided and/or adopts switch external input, switch external input's electric energy is independent auxiliary power source and/or the output power supply of the power module of three-phase power collection in higher level's switch, and two kinds of power modes are each other for reserve, improve the reliability of power module work need not to set up the electric current autogenous power supply just can satisfy overcurrent protection function, saves one set of electric current autogenous power supply equipment, has higher price/performance ratio on the basis of satisfying functional reliability.
2. The invention reduces the number of electronic components, further reduces the volume and is beneficial to the miniaturization of products.
3. The invention reduces the number of electronic components and further reduces the assembly time and the test time.
4. The invention has no current self-generating power supply, reduces heating power devices, reduces internal temperature rise, reduces the temperature influence on electronic components, prolongs the service life and improves the reliability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a protection device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a protection device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a further embodiment of a protective device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a protection device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic controller of the protection device of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is another angle structure diagram of a protection device of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a duty cycle diagram.
FIG. 8 is a table illustrating the relationship between the duty cycle and the main circuit current according to an embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a power supply method of the protection device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention. The present invention is in no way limited to any specific configuration and algorithm set forth below, but rather covers any modification, replacement or improvement of elements, components or algorithms without departing from the spirit of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, 5 and 6, the present embodiment discloses a protection device, which includes a current collector 10 using a material with high initial permeability as a magnetic core, a voltage collector 11, an insulating housing 20, and an electronic controller 30.
The current collector 10 outputs a current signal 10F, the current signal 10F is in a linear relation and in phase with the main circuit current in a rated range, and after the rated range is exceeded, the current signal 10F has a saturation characteristic and a duty ratio corresponding to the main circuit current. The voltage collector 11 outputs a voltage signal 11F having a linear relationship and the same phase as the main circuit voltage. The duty cycle is the ratio of the time occupied by the pulse to the total time in a continuous operation period, and is shown in fig. 7 as the value of (t1+ t2)/t0 in the figure. Fig. 8 shows duty ratio data of an output waveform of a certain type 630A of the measuring transformer, which shows a corresponding relationship between a duty ratio and a main circuit current. The current collector 10 includes, but is not limited to, a residual current transformer, a shunt, a hall current sensor, a fluxgate current sensor, a rogowski coil, a magnetoresistive current sensor, an optical fiber current sensor, and the like, and in this embodiment, the current collector 10 is a current transformer.
The electronic controller 30 comprises a current signal sampling circuit 30-1A, a signal processing circuit 30-3, a first microprocessor 30-4, a second microprocessor 30-5, a human-computer interaction module 30-7 and a communication module 30-8, wherein the first microprocessor 30-4 has at least 7 paths of ADC (analog-to-digital converter) capabilities with 16 bits and more, performs analog-to-digital conversion and calculation on signals conditioned by the signal processing circuit 30-3, outputs digital signals of a current effective value, a voltage effective value, power, a power factor, frequency, current ADC data and voltage data to the second microprocessor 30-5, and the second microprocessor 30-5 transmits the digital signals to the communication module 30-8 and/or the human-computer interaction module 30-7.
The first microprocessor 30-4 performs firmware calculation on the current value with the duty ratio of the current collector 10 collected by the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A, sends the calculated current value to the second microprocessor 30-5, and the second microprocessor 30-5 obtains current related quantity, early warning, alarming and protection information through firmware calculation and sends corresponding communication information to the communication module 30-8. The protection device further comprises an actuator 12, a movable contact 13, a fixed contact 14 and an operating mechanism 15, the electronic controller 30 further comprises a driving circuit 30-9, the actuator 12 can be one or more of a magnetic flux converter, an electromagnet and a shunt release, and in this embodiment, the actuator 12 is a magnetic flux converter.
Specifically, the electronic controller 30 includes a current signal sampling circuit 30-1A, a signal processing circuit 30-3, a first microprocessor 30-4, a second microprocessor 30-5, and a driving circuit 30-9, the first microprocessor 30-4 and/or the second microprocessor 30-5 includes a memory and a mathematical and logical operation unit, and the electronic controller 30 is configured to perform firmware calculation by using the duty ratio to realize control of the protection device for overcurrent protection.
The current collector 10 is arranged in a low-voltage single-phase LN circuit, a three-phase ABC circuit or a three-phase four-wire ABCN circuit, wherein each pole is provided with one current collector, namely: the current collector 10 is respectively arranged on the phase pole and the N pole of the circuit, the voltage collector 11 is arranged on each phase of the low-voltage single-phase LN circuit, the three-phase ABC circuit or the three-phase four-wire ABCN circuit, namely, the voltage collector 11 is respectively arranged on the phase pole of the circuit, and is not arranged on the N pole. The arrangement structurally effectively overcomes the defects that the temperature concentration is caused because the main circuit is converged through the inner hole of the zero sequence current collector when the zero sequence current transformer is installed in the prior art, the temperature rise at the concentration part is difficult to reduce, non-ferrous metal resources are wasted, the miniaturization is not facilitated, and the installation and assembly process is complex, effectively reduces the temperature rise, and greatly simplifies the assembly process.
The electronic controller 30 further includes a voltage signal sampling circuit 30-2, the first microprocessor 30-4 obtains a first processing result 30-4F according to the current signal 10F of the current collector 10 and/or the voltage signal 11F of the voltage collector 11 and the internal firmware of the first microprocessor 30-4, and the first processing result 30-4F includes current vector sum data and/or current duty ratio raw data and/or current effective value data and/or voltage effective value data and/or frequency data and/or power factor and/or electric energy data and/or harmonic data.
The second microprocessor 30-5 obtains a second processing result 30-5F according to the current signal 10F of the current collector 10 and/or the voltage signal 11F of the voltage collector 11 and/or the first processing result 30-4F, and the second processing result 30-5F includes residual current fault protection information and/or ground fault protection information and/or over-current fault protection information and/or over-voltage and under-voltage fault protection information and/or frequency fault protection information and/or reverse power fault protection information and/or non-intrusive load identification data.
The second microprocessor 30-5 is provided with an internal and/or external memory, each fault protection threshold value and algorithm firmware are stored in the internal and/or external memory, whether a control signal is sent to the driving circuit 30-9 or not is judged according to a firmware algorithm and the second processing result 30-5F, the driving circuit 30-9 drives the magnetic flux converter 12 to act, the operating mechanism 15 is further tripped, the moving contact 13 is further driven to be separated from the static contact 14, and therefore the main circuit is disconnected, and corresponding fault protection is achieved. The fault protection comprises residual current protection and/or earth fault protection and/or over-current protection and/or over-voltage and under-voltage protection and/or frequency protection and/or reverse power protection.
The electronic controller 30 includes a human-machine interaction module 30-7 and/or a communication module 30-8. The man-machine interaction module 30-7 comprises a liquid crystal display screen, an audible and visual alarm device, a metering pulse check lamp, an infrared metering check interface, an input key, a test interface, a state display lamp and the like. The liquid crystal display screen is used for displaying all information in the intelligent electric energy meter and can be set as a touch screen, and the sound and light alarm device is used for giving a sound and light alarm in an abnormal condition to remind a fault; the metering pulse check lamp is used for providing a convenient interface when maintaining a calibration metering function.
The communication modules 30 to 8 may adopt wireless communication and/or wired communication, the wireless communication includes at least one of communication modes such as 4G, 5G, WIFI, BLE, ZigBee, NB-IoT and LoRa, and the wired communication includes at least one of communication modes such as HPLC, PLC, RS485, LAN, CAN and Profibus. And communication connections are arranged between the communication modules 30-8 and between the communication modules K30-8K in the superior switch.
The electronic controller 30 further includes a temperature measurement module 18, the temperature measurement module 18 is capable of generating a temperature signal 18F, and the second processing result 30-5F generated by the second microprocessor 30-5 according to the internal firmware and the temperature signal 18F further includes temperature monitoring information and an over-temperature protection instruction. The temperature collector 18 is one of a thermocouple, a thermistor, a platinum resistor and a temperature IC, the temperature collector 18 collects the temperature near the wire inlet end and/or the wire outlet end of the protection device and/or the key electrical contact point inside the protection device and generates a temperature signal 18F, the collected temperature signal 18F is transmitted to the second microprocessor 30-5, and the second microprocessor 30-5 compares the internal firmware thereof with a preset temperature early warning/protection threshold value to obtain whether to perform temperature early warning/protection. If the temperature early warning is carried out, the early warning information is transmitted to the man-machine interaction module 30-7 for carrying out local temperature early warning and display and/or transmitted to the communication module 30-8 for carrying out remote temperature early warning; if the temperature protection action is carried out, the driving circuit 30-9 is driven, and when the driving circuit 30-9 receives a final control signal, the magnetic flux converter 12 is driven to act, the operating mechanism 15 is further tripped, and then the moving contact 13 and the static contact 14 are driven to be separated, so that the main circuit is disconnected, and the corresponding over-temperature protection function is realized.
As shown in fig. 9, the electronic controller 30 further includes a power module 30-6, and the power of the power module 30-6 is input from outside of the switch, and the input power from outside of the switch is an independent auxiliary power and/or an output power K30-61K of the power module K collected from the three-phase power of the superior switch K, 30-6K.
The protection device further comprises an external power supply terminal for inputting electric energy to the power supply module 30-6 in the electronic controller 30, and the external power supply terminal is connected with the output of the superior switching power supply or the output of the external independent power supply. The power module 30-6 is powered by an external power supply for voltage power input and/or without self power input, and includes power distributed to other powered components in the electronic controller 30.
When the protection device is installed in a single-phase system and a single-phase short circuit occurs on the load side of the protection device, the three-phase power supply in the upper-level switch K is not affected, the power supply requirement can still be met, and the electronic controller 30 is ensured to have sufficient electric energy input to complete various functions of self protection.
The protection device can meet the overcurrent protection function without setting a current self-generating power supply, saves one set of current self-generating power supply equipment, and has higher cost performance on the basis of meeting the functional reliability.
The voltage collector 11 is an inductive sensor or a resistance voltage dividing circuit isolated from the main circuit, and a voltage collecting point of the voltage collector 11 is in a direction that a break point formed by the moving contact 13 and the static contact 14 is close to a wire inlet end.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic diagram of the protection device of an embodiment is disclosed, in this embodiment, the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A receives an output current signal of the current collector 10, generates an output current signal 30-1F, and transmits the output current signal to the signal processing circuit 30-3, and the output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 transmits to the first microprocessor 30-4. The voltage signal sampling circuit 30-2 receives the output voltage signal 11F of the voltage collector 11 and transmits the output voltage signal to the signal processing circuit 30-3, and the output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 transmits the output processing signal to the first microprocessor 30-4. The first microprocessor 30-4 obtains a first processing result 30-4F through firmware calculation according to the processing signal 30-3F, then transmits the first processing result to the second microprocessor 30-5, obtains a second processing result 30-5F through the second microprocessor 30-5 and firmware calculation, sends a control signal to the driving circuit 30-9 when the second processing result meets a preset comparison threshold of the firmware, and the driving circuit 30-9 drives the magnetic flux converter 12 to act, further enables the operating mechanism 15 to trip, and further drives the movable contact 13 to be separated from the fixed contact 14, so that a main circuit is switched off, and corresponding fault protection is realized. Meanwhile, the output power 30-1AF of the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A during overcurrent is provided to the power module 30-6, ensuring that the electronic controller 30 can work normally when short-circuited.
The implementation process of the overcurrent protection comprises the following steps:
the implementation process of overload protection comprises the following steps: the voltage collector 11 provides power to the power modules 30-6, and the current collector 10 provides a current signal 10F to the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A, in another embodiment, the power of the power modules 30-6 is input from the outside of a switch, and the power input from the outside of the switch is an independent auxiliary power and/or an output power K30-61K of the power module K30-6K collected by a three-phase power in a superior switch K, so that the power design can ensure that the power modules 30-6 provide power to the electronic controller 30 under the condition of voltage drop during normal and short-circuit of voltage, and ensure the normal operation of the electronic controller 30. When the current collector 10 collects overload current, the rated range of the current collector 10 is generally 1.2 times that of the protection device according to the setting of the upper and lower limit ranges of overload protection, so that an output current signal 10F within the rated range and an output current signal 10F with a certain duty ratio characteristic after saturation exist, the current signal 10F is transmitted to a current signal sampling circuit 30-1A for sampling and processing an analog signal to generate an output current signal 30-1F, the output current signal 30-1F is further transmitted to a signal processing circuit 30-3, and an output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 is transmitted to a first microprocessor 30-4. The first microprocessor 30-4 obtains a first processing result 30-4F through firmware calculation according to the processing signal 30-3F, wherein the first processing result comprises a current effective value calculation result, and then transmits the current effective value calculation result to the second microprocessor 30-5, the current effective value calculation result is compared with a comparison threshold value preset in the firmware of the second microprocessor 30-5, a time delay control signal is judged and sent to the driving circuit 30-9, and when the driving circuit 30-9 receives a final control signal, the magnetic flux converter 12 is driven to act, the operating mechanism 15 is further tripped, and then the moving contact 13 is driven to be separated from the static contact 14, so that the main circuit is disconnected, and corresponding overload protection is realized.
The short-circuit protection is realized by the following steps: the voltage collector 11 provides power to the power module 30-6, the current collector 10 provides a current signal 10F to the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A, and the output power 30-1AF of the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A during overcurrent is provided to the power module 30-6, so that the dual-standby power supply design can ensure that the power module 30-6 can provide power to the electronic controller 30 under the conditions of normal voltage and voltage drop during short circuit, and ensure the normal operation of the electronic controller 30. When the current collector 10 collects short-circuit current, an output current signal 10F with a certain duty cycle characteristic is output, the current signal 10F is transmitted to a current signal sampling circuit 30-1A to perform sampling processing on an analog signal, an output current signal 30-1F is generated, the output current signal 30-1F is further transmitted to a signal processing circuit 30-3, and an output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 is transmitted to a first microprocessor 30-4. The first microprocessor 30-4 obtains a first processing result 30-4F through firmware calculation according to the processing signal 30-3F, wherein the first processing result comprises a current effective value calculation result or a digital signal of a current instantaneous value, the digital signal is transmitted to the second microprocessor 30-5, the digital signal is compared with a preset comparison threshold value after being calculated through firmware calculation of the second microprocessor 30-5, an instantaneous or short-delay control signal is judged and sent to the driving circuit 30-9, and when the driving circuit 30-9 receives the final control signal, the magnetic flux converter 12 is driven to act, the operating mechanism 15 is further tripped, the moving contact 13 is driven to be separated from the static contact 14, so that the main circuit is disconnected, and corresponding short-circuit or short-delay protection is realized.
As shown in fig. 2, another specific embodiment is disclosed, in which the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A receives the output current signal of the current collector 10, generates an output current signal 30-1F, and transmits the output current signal to the signal processing circuit 30-3, and the output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 transmits to the first microprocessor 30-4. The voltage signal sampling circuit 30-2 receives the output voltage signal 11F of the voltage collector 11 and transmits the output voltage signal to the signal processing circuit 30-3, and the output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 transmits the output processing signal to the first microprocessor 30-4. The first microprocessor 30-4 calculates a first processing result 30-4F from the processing signal 30-3F by its firmware and then passes it to the second microprocessor 30-5. Meanwhile, the signal processing circuit 30-3 further comprises a protection current signal processing circuit 30-3B, an output signal 30-3BF of the protection current signal processing circuit 30-3B is directly transmitted to the second microprocessor 30-5, a second processing result 30-5F is obtained after the information is calculated by the second microprocessor 30-5 and firmware thereof, a control signal is sent to the driving circuit 30-9 when the comparison threshold is met, the driving circuit 30-9 drives the magnetic flux converter 12 to act, the operating mechanism 15 is further tripped, and then the moving contact 13 is driven to be separated from the static contact 14, so that the main circuit is disconnected, and corresponding fault protection is realized. Meanwhile, the output power 30-1AF of the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A during overcurrent is provided to the power module 30-6, ensuring that the electronic controller 30 can work normally when short-circuited. The protection current signal is transmitted more quickly, and the time delay of calculation and communication between microprocessors is shortened.
The implementation process of the overcurrent protection comprises the following steps:
the implementation process of overload protection comprises the following steps: the voltage collector 11 provides power to the power module 30-6, the current collector 10 provides a current signal 10F to the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A, and the output power 30-1AF of the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A during overcurrent is provided to the power module 30-6, so that the dual-standby power supply design can ensure that the power module 30-6 can provide power to the electronic controller 30 under the conditions of normal voltage and voltage drop during short circuit, and ensure the normal operation of the electronic controller 30. When the current collector 10 collects overload current, according to the setting of the upper and lower limit ranges of overload protection, the rated range of the current collector 10 is generally 1.2 times that of the protection device, so that an output current signal 10F within the rated range and an output current signal 10F with a certain duty ratio characteristic after saturation exist, the current signal 10F is transmitted to a current signal sampling circuit 30-1A for sampling and processing an analog signal to generate an output current signal 30-1F, the output current signal 30-1F is further transmitted to a signal processing circuit 30-3 and a protection current signal processing circuit 30-3B, and the output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 is transmitted to a first microprocessor 30-4. The first microprocessor 30-4 obtains a first processing result 30-4F through firmware calculation according to the processing signal 30-3F, wherein the first processing result comprises a current effective value calculation result, and then transmits the current effective value calculation result to the second microprocessor 30-5, meanwhile, an output processing signal 30-3BF of the protection current signal processing circuit 30-3B is directly transmitted to the second microprocessor 30-5, the second microprocessor 30-5 compares the current effective value with a comparison threshold value preset in firmware, and judges and sends a delay control signal to the driving circuit 30-9, when the driving circuit 30-9 receives a final control signal, the magnetic flux converter 12 is driven to act, the operating mechanism 15 is further tripped, and then the moving contact 13 is driven to be separated from the static contact 14, so that the main circuit is disconnected, corresponding overload protection is realized.
The short-circuit protection is realized by the following steps: the voltage collector 11 provides power to the power module 30-6, the current collector 10 provides a current signal 10F to the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A, and the output power 30-1AF of the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A during overcurrent is provided to the power module 30-6, so that the dual-standby power supply design can ensure that the power module 30-6 can provide power to the electronic controller 30 under the conditions of normal voltage and voltage drop during short circuit, and ensure the normal operation of the electronic controller 30. When the current collector 10 collects short-circuit current, an output current signal 10F with a certain duty cycle characteristic is output, the current signal 10F is transmitted to a current signal sampling circuit 30-1A to perform sampling processing on an analog signal, an output current signal 30-1F is generated, the output current signal 30-1F is further transmitted to a signal processing circuit 30-3, and an output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 is transmitted to a first microprocessor 30-4. The first microprocessor 30-4 obtains a first processing result 30-4F through firmware calculation according to the processing signal 30-3F, wherein the first processing result comprises a current effective value calculation result or a digital signal of a current instantaneous value, and then transmits the digital signal to the second microprocessor 30-5, meanwhile, an output processing signal 30-3BF of the protection current signal processing circuit 30-3B is directly transmitted to the second microprocessor 30-5, after the digital signal is calculated by the firmware of the second microprocessor 30-5, the comparison is carried out with a preset comparison threshold value, and an instantaneous or short delay control signal is judged and sent to the driving circuit 30-9, when the driving circuit 30-9 receives a final control signal, the magnetic flux converter 12 is driven to act, and the operating mechanism 15 is further tripped, so that the movable contact 13 is driven to be separated from the fixed contact 14, therefore, the main circuit is disconnected, and corresponding short circuit or short delay protection is realized.
The current signal collected by the current collector 10 is used as a high-frequency megahertz current collector to realize fault arc monitoring and protection functions. The current analog signal 10F output by the current collector 10 is transmitted to the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A, the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A samples the signal and transmits the signal to the current signal processing circuit 30-3, and the current signal processing circuit 30-3 processes the signal and transmits the signal to the internal or external memory of the second microprocessor 30-5. The second microprocessor 30-5 identifies whether an arc exists according to its predetermined firmware by using characteristic values such as current mean, current root mean square, frequency, harmonic, etc. and a predetermined characteristic library. If the arc alarm is carried out, the alarm information is transmitted to the man-machine interaction module 30-7 for local arc alarm and display and/or transmitted to the communication module 30-8 for remote arc alarm; if the arc protection action is performed, when the driving circuit 30-9 receives the final control signal, the magnetic flux converter 12 is driven to operate, and the operating mechanism 15 is further tripped, so that the moving contact 13 and the static contact 14 are driven to be separated, thereby realizing the breaking of the main circuit, and further realizing the arc protection function. The feature library supports local feature library updates via the communication module 30-8.
As shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the protection device is disclosed, in this embodiment, the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A receives the output current signal of the current collector 10, generates an output current signal 30-1F, and transmits the output current signal to the signal processing circuit 30-3, and the output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 transmits to the first microprocessor 30-4. The voltage signal sampling circuit 30-2 receives the output voltage signal 11F of the voltage collector 11 and transmits the output voltage signal to the signal processing circuit 30-3, and the output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 is transmitted to the first microprocessor 30-4 or the second microprocessor 30-5 according to a certain control condition. When the second microprocessor 30-5 judges that the effective value of the current does not exceed the switching current threshold, the output processing signal 30-3F is transmitted to the first microprocessor 30-4, and when the second microprocessor 30-5 judges that the effective value of the current exceeds the switching current threshold, the output processing signal 30-3F is transmitted to the second microprocessor 30-5. The protection current signal is transmitted more quickly, and the time delay of calculation and communication between microprocessors is shortened. The first microprocessor 30-4 obtains a first processing result 30-4F through firmware calculation according to the processing signal 30-3F, then transmits the first processing result to the second microprocessor 30-5, obtains a second processing result 30-5F through the second microprocessor 30-5 and firmware calculation, sends a control signal to the driving circuit 30-9 when the second processing result meets a preset comparison threshold of the firmware, and the driving circuit 30-9 drives the magnetic flux converter 12 to act, further enables the operating mechanism 15 to trip, and further drives the movable contact 13 to be separated from the fixed contact 14, so that a main circuit is switched off, and corresponding fault protection is realized. Meanwhile, the output power 30-1AF of the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A during overcurrent is provided to the power module 30-6, ensuring that the electronic controller 30 can work normally when short-circuited.
The implementation process of the overcurrent protection comprises the following steps:
the implementation process of overload protection comprises the following steps: the voltage collector 11 provides power to the power module 30-6, the current collector 10 provides a current signal 10F to the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A, and the output power 30-1AF of the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A during overcurrent is provided to the power module 30-6, so that the dual-standby power supply design can ensure that the power module 30-6 can provide power to the electronic controller 30 under the conditions of normal voltage and voltage drop during short circuit, and ensure the normal operation of the electronic controller 30. When the current collector 10 collects overload current, according to the setting of the upper and lower limit ranges of overload protection, the rated range of the current collector 10 is generally 1.2 times that of the protection device, so that an output current signal 10F within the rated range and an output current signal 10F with a certain duty ratio characteristic after saturation exist, the current signal 10F is transmitted to a current signal sampling circuit 30-1A for sampling and processing an analog signal to generate an output current signal 30-1F, the output current signal 30-1F is further transmitted to a signal processing circuit 30-3, and an output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 is transmitted to a first microprocessor 30-4 or a second microprocessor 30-5. When the second microprocessor 30-5 judges that the effective value of the current does not exceed the switching current threshold, the output processing signal 30-3F is transmitted to the first microprocessor 30-4, and when the second microprocessor 30-5 judges that the effective value of the current exceeds the switching current threshold, the output processing signal 30-3F is transmitted to the second microprocessor 30-5. The first microprocessor 30-4 obtains a first processing result 30-4F through firmware calculation according to the processing signal 30-3F, wherein the first processing result comprises a current effective value calculation result, and then transmits the current effective value calculation result to the second microprocessor 30-5, the current effective value calculation result is compared with a comparison threshold value preset in the firmware of the second microprocessor 30-5, a time delay control signal is judged and sent to the driving circuit 30-9, and when the driving circuit 30-9 receives a final control signal, the magnetic flux converter 12 is driven to act, the operating mechanism 15 is further tripped, and then the moving contact 13 is driven to be separated from the static contact 14, so that the main circuit is disconnected, and corresponding overload protection is realized.
The short-circuit protection is realized by the following steps: the voltage collector 11 provides power to the power module 30-6, the current collector 10 provides a current signal 10F to the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A, and the output power 30-1AF of the current signal sampling circuit 30-1A during overcurrent is provided to the power module 30-6, so that the dual-standby power supply design can ensure that the power module 30-6 can provide power to the electronic controller 30 under the conditions of normal voltage and voltage drop during short circuit, and ensure the normal operation of the electronic controller 30. When the current collector 10 collects short-circuit current, an output current signal 10F with a certain duty cycle characteristic is output, the current signal 10F is transmitted to a current signal sampling circuit 30-1A to perform sampling processing on an analog signal, an output current signal 30-1F is generated, the output current signal 30-1F is further transmitted to a signal processing circuit 30-3, and an output processing signal 30-3F of the signal processing circuit 30-3 is transmitted to the first microprocessor 30-4 or the second microprocessor 30-5. When the second microprocessor 30-5 judges that the effective value of the current does not exceed the switching current threshold, the output processing signal 30-3F is transmitted to the first microprocessor 30-4, and when the second microprocessor 30-5 judges that the effective value of the current exceeds the switching current threshold, the output processing signal 30-3F is transmitted to the second microprocessor 30-5. The first microprocessor 30-4 obtains a first processing result 30-4F through firmware calculation according to the processing signal 30-3F, wherein the first processing result comprises a current effective value calculation result or a digital signal of a current instantaneous value, the digital signal is transmitted to the second microprocessor 30-5, the digital signal is compared with a preset comparison threshold value after being calculated through firmware calculation of the second microprocessor 30-5, an instantaneous or short-delay control signal is judged and sent to the driving circuit 30-9, and when the driving circuit 30-9 receives the final control signal, the magnetic flux converter 12 is driven to act, the operating mechanism 15 is further tripped, the moving contact 13 is driven to be separated from the static contact 14, so that the main circuit is disconnected, and corresponding short-circuit or short-delay protection is realized.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The present embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (11)
1. A protection device comprises a current collector (10) which adopts a material with high initial magnetic conductivity as a magnetic core, a voltage collector (11), an insulating shell (20) and an electronic controller (30),
the current collector (10) outputs a current signal (10F), the current signal (10F) is in a linear relation and the same phase with the main circuit current in a rated range, the current signal (10F) has a saturation characteristic and a duty ratio corresponding to the main circuit current after exceeding the rated range,
the voltage collector (11) outputs a voltage signal (11F) which is in linear relation and in the same phase with the main circuit voltage,
the electronic controller (30) comprises a current signal sampling circuit (30-1A), a signal processing circuit (30-3), a first microprocessor (30-4), a second microprocessor (30-5), a man-machine interaction module (30-7) and a communication module (30-8),
the first microprocessor (30-4) has at least 7 paths of ADC (analog to digital converter) capabilities with 16 bits and more, performs analog to digital conversion and calculation on signals conditioned by the signal processing circuit (30-3), outputs digital signals of a current effective value, a voltage effective value, power, a power factor, frequency, current ADC data and voltage data to the second microprocessor (30-5), and the second microprocessor (30-5) transmits the digital signals to the communication module (30-8) and/or the human-computer interaction module (30-7),
the method is characterized in that: the first microprocessor (30-4) carries out firmware calculation on a current value with a duty ratio of the current collector (10) collected by the current signal sampling circuit (30-1A), the calculated current value is sent to the second microprocessor (30-5), the second microprocessor (30-5) calculates at least one of current related quantity, early warning, alarming and protection information according to the firmware, and sends corresponding communication information to the communication module (30-8).
2. The protection device of claim 1, wherein: also comprises an actuator (12), a movable contact (13), a fixed contact (14) and an operating mechanism (15), the electronic controller (30) further comprises a driving circuit (30-9) and a voltage signal sampling circuit (30-2), the first microprocessor (30-4) obtains a first processing result (30-4F) according to the current signal (10F) of the current collector (10) and/or the voltage signal (11F) of the voltage collector (11) and the internal firmware of the first microprocessor (30-4), the first processing result (30-4F) comprises current vector and data and/or current duty cycle raw data and/or current effective value data and/or voltage effective value data and/or frequency data and/or power factor and/or electrical energy data and/or harmonic data.
3. The protection device of claim 2, wherein: the second microprocessor (30-5) obtains a second processing result (30-5F) according to the current signal (10F) of the current collector (10) and/or the voltage signal (11F) of the voltage collector (11) and/or the first processing result (30-4F), and the second processing result (30-5F) comprises residual current fault protection information and/or ground fault protection information and/or over-current fault protection information and/or over-voltage and under-voltage fault protection information and/or frequency fault protection information and/or inverse power fault protection information and/or non-intrusive load identification data.
4. The protection device of claim 1, wherein: each pole of the low-voltage single-phase LN circuit, the three-phase ABC circuit or the three-phase four-wire ABCN circuit is respectively provided with one current collector (10), and each phase of the low-voltage single-phase LN circuit, the three-phase ABC circuit or the three-phase four-wire ABCN circuit is respectively provided with one voltage collector (11).
5. A protection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the second microprocessor (30-5) is provided with an internal and/or external memory, each fault protection threshold value and algorithm firmware are stored in the internal and/or external memory, whether a control signal is sent to the driving circuit (30-9) or not is judged according to a firmware algorithm and the second processing result (30-5F), the driving circuit (30-9) drives the actuator (12) to act, the actuator (12) enables the operating mechanism (15) to trip, and the operating mechanism (15) drives the movable contact (13) to be separated from the fixed contact (14), so that fault protection is realized.
6. The protection device of claim 5, wherein: the fault protection comprises one or more of residual current protection, ground fault protection, over-current protection, over-voltage and under-voltage protection, frequency protection and reverse power protection.
7. The protection device of claim 1, wherein: the communication modules (30-8) adopt wireless communication and/or wired communication modes, the wireless communication comprises at least one of communication modes such as 4G, 5G, WIFI, BLE, ZigBee, NB-IoT and LoRa, and the wired communication comprises at least one of communication modes such as HPLC, PLC, RS485, LAN, CAN and Profibus.
8. The protection device of claim 1, wherein: the electronic controller (30) further comprises a temperature measuring module (18), the temperature measuring module (18) generates a temperature signal (18F) and transmits the temperature signal to the second microprocessor (30-5), and a second processing result (30-5F) generated by the second microprocessor (30-5) according to internal firmware and the temperature signal (18F) further comprises temperature monitoring information and an over-temperature protection instruction.
9. The protection device of claim 1, wherein: the voltage collector (11) is an isolated induction type sensor or a resistance voltage division circuit with the main circuit.
10. The protection device of claim 2, wherein: and the voltage acquisition point of the voltage acquisition device (11) is in the direction that the breakpoint formed by the movable contact (13) and the fixed contact (14) is close to the wire inlet end.
11. The protection device of claim 10, wherein: the electronic controller (30) comprises a power supply module (30-6), and the voltage collector (11) is used as the input of the electric energy of the power supply module (30-6).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010804364.0A CN114079259A (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | Protective device |
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| CN202010804364.0A CN114079259A (en) | 2020-08-12 | 2020-08-12 | Protective device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115808640A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-03-17 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Power failure detection circuit, method, system, electronic device, and storage medium |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115808640A (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-03-17 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Power failure detection circuit, method, system, electronic device, and storage medium |
| CN115808640B (en) * | 2023-02-09 | 2023-05-16 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Power failure detection circuit, method, system, electronic device and storage medium |
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