CN114076583A

CN114076583A - Device and method for detecting distance from conical surface to top plane of automobile transmission shaft

Info

Publication number: CN114076583A
Application number: CN202111325547.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄宝剑; 任升起; 沈侃; 李长勇; 任宇风
Original assignee: Suzhou Lidemai Automation Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Lidemai Automation Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-10
Filing date: 2021-11-10
Publication date: 2022-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2041-11-10
Also published as: CN114076583B

Abstract

The invention provides a device and a method for detecting the distance from a conical surface to a top plane of an automobile transmission shaft, wherein a welding support seat is used for supporting other mechanisms; the clamping mechanism is connected to the welding support seat and is provided with a clamping part, and two ends of the clamping part can be transversely close to or far away from the clamping part and are used for clamping and fixing the transmission shaft; the product placing seat is positioned below the clamping mechanism, is opposite to the clamping part of the clamping mechanism and is used for placing the bottom of the transmission shaft; the conical surface detection mechanism is positioned above the clamping mechanism, is connected to the up-and-down moving mechanism and is used for detecting whether the transmission shaft is qualified or not, and is provided with a conical surface attaching part which is used for being matched with a conical surface at the top of the transmission shaft; the up-down moving mechanism is connected to the side surface of the welding supporting seat and used for driving the conical surface detection mechanism to move up and down. The invention has the advantages of convenient detection, simple operation, and full detection by the robot for loading and unloading; the detection result is accurate, and the error is low and can be ignored; high detection efficiency and the like.

Description

Device and method for detecting distance from conical surface to top plane of automobile transmission shaft

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of part detection, in particular to a device and a method for detecting the distance from a conical surface to a top plane of an automobile transmission shaft.

Background

The steering structure of the steering wheel of the car is a key structure of the car, is used for controlling and adjusting the running direction of the car, have a drive shaft in this structure, as shown in fig. 1, there is a conical surface 81 in the position of about 20mm close to the top on this drive shaft 8, need to measure the distance to the top of a bit on the conical surface 81 to judge whether this drive shaft is qualified, but this distance is measured with the normal method, the error is greater, the data obtained can't confirm whether the drive shaft is qualified.

Since one of the end points of the measured distance is on the tapered surface, the conventional measuring calipers, measuring tapes and the like cannot accurately obtain the value. The transmission shaft has two common modes in the prior art, the first mode is to make a conical surface profiling part with high precision according to the shape of the top of the transmission shaft, each detection is to plug the conical surface part of the transmission shaft into the profiling part, and whether the transmission shaft is qualified or not is observed by naked eyes; the second is to take a spot check measurement by a three-coordinate photo detection technique.

The method has the following defects: the first detection method has a large error by visual observation, and can only perform qualitative judgment and not perform quantitative judgment, so that an accurate numerical value cannot be obtained. The second detection method can obtain accurate numerical values, but is troublesome in operation, long in time for each three-coordinate detection, incapable of full detection, and high in cost for purchasing three-standard detection equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for detecting the distance from a conical surface to a top plane of an automobile transmission shaft.

The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a device for detecting the distance from the conical surface to the top plane of an automobile transmission shaft comprises a clamping mechanism, a conical surface detection mechanism, an up-down moving mechanism, a product placing seat and a welding supporting seat, wherein,

the welding support seat is arranged on the base and used for supporting other mechanisms;

the clamping mechanism is connected to the welding support seat and is provided with a clamping part, and two ends of the clamping part can be transversely close to or far away from the welding support seat and are used for clamping and fixing the transmission shaft;

the product placing seat is positioned below the clamping mechanism, is opposite to the clamping part of the clamping mechanism and is used for placing the bottom of the transmission shaft;

the conical surface detection mechanism is positioned above the clamping mechanism, is connected to the up-and-down moving mechanism and is used for detecting whether the transmission shaft is qualified or not, and is provided with a conical surface attaching part which is used for being matched with a conical surface at the top of the transmission shaft;

the up-down moving mechanism is connected to the side surface of the welding supporting seat and used for driving the conical surface detection mechanism to move up and down.

Further, in order to realize the short-term test of transmission shaft, conical surface detection mechanism is including moving support plate, displacement sensor and profile modeling frock subassembly, displacement sensor and move the relative fixed of support plate, in order to realize the fixed between displacement sensor and the profile modeling frock, reduce assembly error, displacement sensor passes through sensor support mounting in the top of apron, profile modeling frock subassembly sets up under displacement sensor, and displacement sensor's measuring staff and profile modeling frock subassembly's test head contact.

Furthermore, in order to enable the conical surface detection mechanism to meet the detection requirements of conical surfaces of transmission shafts with different sizes, the profiling tool assembly comprises a sliding sleeve, a sliding sleeve cover plate, a guide sleeve cover plate, a test head and a spring, wherein a cavity communicated up and down is formed in the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve cover plate is covered above the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve cover plate and the upper end of the sliding sleeve are jointly connected onto a transverse plate of the transfer plate through screws and hung below the transverse plate, a through hole is formed in the sliding sleeve cover plate, the guide sleeve and the guide sleeve cover plate are arranged in the cavity of the sliding sleeve, the guide sleeve cover plate is covered at the upper end of the guide sleeve and fixedly connected with the guide sleeve through screws, the upper end of the guide sleeve cover plate is abutted against the sliding sleeve cover plate, the lower end of the guide sleeve is abutted against the sliding sleeve, the guide sleeve and the guide sleeve cover plate are fixed in the cavity of the sliding sleeve through the sliding sleeve and the sliding sleeve cover plate so as to ensure the stable position of the guide sleeve during the test, meanwhile, when different transmission shafts need to be detected, only the guide sleeves with different conical surfaces need to be correspondingly replaced, so that the universality of the detection device is improved; the side wall of the sliding sleeve is provided with at least three threaded holes extending in the radial direction, jackscrews are arranged in the threaded holes, the guide sleeve is tightly jacked through the jackscrews so as to ensure that the guide sleeve and the sliding sleeve are coaxial, the testing head comprises an upper rod part and a lower plug part which are integrally connected, the outer diameter of the lower plug part is larger than that of the upper dry part, the upper rod part extends upwards to penetrate through a guide sleeve cover plate, and the upper end face of the upper rod part is contacted with a measuring rod of the displacement sensor; the spring is arranged between the upper end face of the lower plug portion and the lower end face of the guide sleeve cover plate, the convex ring on the outer wall of the lower plug portion is abutted to the annular boss on the inner wall of the guide sleeve through the spring, the lower end of the lower plug portion is inserted into the guide hole of the guide sleeve, the lower plug portion can slide in the guide hole along the axial direction, the test hole is formed in the guide sleeve below the guide hole, the bottom of the test hole is provided with a conical surface fitting portion, the shape and the size of the conical surface fitting portion are matched with those of the transmission shaft, the conical surface fitting portion is a conical hole, and during testing, the conical surface of the transmission shaft is tightly fitted with the conical surface fitting portion.

The displacement sensor frequently bears the force in the detection process, so, lead to it to take place along axial rotation easily, consequently, conical surface detection mechanism still includes the dog, the dog sets up on the diaphragm of moving the support plate, and the baffle is equipped with the spacing mouth of U type towards one side of sensor holder, the embedding of sensor holder is in the spacing mouth of U type. The U-shaped limiting port can prevent the sensor support from rotating, and stability is improved.

The clamping mechanism comprises clamping jaw assemblies, clamping cylinders, cylinder mounting strips and dovetail groove sliding blocks which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a transmission shaft detection position, wherein each clamping jaw assembly comprises a dovetail groove clamping jaw, a connecting block, a cylinder joint, a joint cover plate and a T-shaped connecting plate; one side of the dovetail groove sliding block is connected to a side plate of the T-shaped connecting plate, the other side of the dovetail groove sliding block is connected to the transverse guide rail in a sliding mode, and the transverse guide rail is fixed to a back plate of the welding supporting seat.

In order to avoid the impact or excessive motion of the cylinder in the motion process, the clamping mechanism further comprises a buffer assembly, the buffer assembly comprises an upper group and a lower group, each group of buffer assembly comprises two buffers and a limiting block, the limiting blocks are located in the middle of the clamping mechanism, the two buffers are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the limiting blocks, and the buffers are respectively fixedly connected to the dovetail groove sliding blocks through buffer supports. The action distance of the clamping jaw assemblies on two sides can be limited through the buffer assembly, and the buffer assembly can play a role in buffering and reducing noise.

The up-down moving mechanism comprises two guide rails, sliders, an adapter plate and a lifting cylinder, the two guide rails are fixed on the welding support base in the vertical direction, at least one slider is connected to each guide rail, the back of the transfer plate of the conical surface detection mechanism is connected to the sliders, one end of the adapter plate is fixedly connected to the transfer plate between the guide rails, the other end of the adapter plate is connected with the execution end of the lifting cylinder, and the transfer plate is controlled by the lifting cylinder to drive the conical surface detection mechanism to move up and down.

Further, in order to realize the placing of the transmission shaft and the fixing of the position, the product placing seat comprises an upper seat and a lower seat, an insertion rod is arranged at the bottom of the upper seat, an insertion hole is formed in the lower seat, and the insertion rod is inserted into the insertion hole.

Because the transmission shaft is through last process processing back, when the detection station was arrived in the circulation, the oil stain can be remained on its surface, consequently, for the sake of convenience discharge the oil stain when detecting, avoid polluting detection mechanism, still be equipped with the oil extraction structure on the seat is placed to the product, the oil extraction structure is including setting up oil drain hole, draining groove, buffering face, the oil storage annular on the seat of honour and setting up the oil drain port in the seat down, the oil drain hole sets up the middle part at the seat of honour, and the draining hole top forms conical buffering face, lower extreme downwardly extending run through the inserted bar and with the oil drain port intercommunication in the seat down, oil storage ring groove ring establishes on the up end of seat of honour, draining groove radially sets up on the up end of honour, and draining groove one end and oil storage annular intercommunication, the other end extends to the buffering face, and the buffering face is the toper face, is convenient for lead oil into in the draining hole. The epaxial oil stain of transmission can get into oil storage annular groove, draining groove after flowing the up end of upper seat, and the oil in oil storage annular groove and the draining groove reaches a certain amount and can flow in the oil drain hole along draining groove through the buffering face to discharge through the oil drain hole.

The welding support seat comprises an upper plate, a lower plate, side plates and a back plate, wherein the upper plate and the lower plate are arranged between the two side plates in parallel up and down; one side that the seat was just placed to the product to the upper plate is equipped with the arc opening, and the seat embedding arc opening is placed to the product in, can place the seat to the product and play limiting displacement.

Further, in order to realize automatic continuous feeding, still include material loading detection mechanism, material loading detection mechanism includes first detection sensor, first detection sensor passes through first backup pad and installs on the upper plate of welding support seat, and the transmission shaft of seat top is just placed to the product to the sense terminal of first detection sensor. The first detection sensor can adopt a reflection type sensor and can also adopt a correlation type sensor, when the reflection type sensor is adopted, the transmitting end and the receiving end of the sensor are positioned at the same side of the transmission shaft, and when the correlation type sensor is adopted, the transmitting end and the receiving end of the sensor are positioned at two sides of the transmission shaft.

Further, in order to improve detection efficiency, avoid detection mechanism's vacancy, still include temporary storage mechanism, temporary storage mechanism detects the sensor including temporary storage seat and second, the temporary storage seat is fixed on the base of welding support seat side, just be equipped with the vertical jack of establishing the transmission shaft of inserting along the axial in the temporary storage seat, be equipped with the inspection hole that transversely runs through the jack on the lateral wall of temporary storage seat, the second detects the sense terminal of sensor just to the inspection hole. The second detection sensor can adopt a reflection type sensor and also can adopt an opposite-type sensor, when the reflection type sensor is adopted, the transmitting end and the receiving end of the sensor are positioned at the same side of the detection hole, when the opposite-type sensor is adopted, the transmitting end and the receiving end of the sensor are positioned at two sides of the detection hole, and the second detection sensor is fixed on the base through a second supporting plate.

Further, in order to make detection mechanism set up in suitable position and suitable height, still include the base, the welding supporting seat is fixed in the top of base, the bottom of base is equipped with support lower margin and fixed plate. Through supporting the lower margin and supporting on installation ground, if need be fixed with equipment then through screw with fixed plate and ground locking, improve the steadiness.

A method for detecting the distance from a conical surface to a top plane of an automobile transmission shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps: the distance detection device comprises the distance detection device and also comprises the following steps:

s1: determining the error range from the conical surface to the top of the transmission shaft according to the processing requirement;

s2: installing a standard transmission shaft on a product placing seat, enabling a clamping mechanism to clamp the standard transmission shaft, controlling an up-down moving mechanism to drive a conical surface detection mechanism to move downwards, enabling the top of the standard transmission shaft to be inserted into a detection hole of a test head of the conical surface detection mechanism, enabling a conical surface of the standard transmission shaft to be attached to a conical surface attaching part at the bottom of the detection hole, enabling the top of the standard transmission shaft to be abutted against the bottom surface of a lower plug part of the test head, then resetting a displacement sensor to realize the calibration of the displacement sensor, lifting the up-down moving mechanism after the calibration, loosening the clamping mechanism, and taking the standard transmission shaft off the product placing seat;

s3: then will wait to examine the transmission shaft and place on the seat is placed to the product, and make clamping mechanism press from both sides tightly to examine the transmission shaft, control vertical moving mechanism drives conical surface detection mechanism downstream, make and wait to examine in the detection hole of transmission shaft top insertion conical surface detection mechanism's test head, and make the conical surface of waiting to examine the transmission shaft laminate with the conical surface laminating portion of detection hole bottom, the top of waiting to examine the transmission shaft pushes up on the bottom surface of the lower cock portion of test head, then read displacement sensing's reading, and judge whether this reading is in error band, if in error band, then show that it is qualified to examine the transmission shaft, if not in error band, then show that it is unqualified to examine the transmission shaft.

Further, the method also comprises the following steps of screening unqualified transmission shafts:

when the reading of the displacement sensor is larger than the maximum value of the error, the fact that the distance from the conical surface of the transmission shaft to be detected to the top is too long is indicated, the transmission shaft which is too long is reworked, the distance from the conical surface of the transmission shaft to the top is shortened, and the transmission shaft which is reworked is detected again to judge whether the transmission shaft is qualified;

and when the reading of the displacement sensor is smaller than the minimum value of the error, the distance from the conical surface of the transmission shaft to be detected to the top is too short, and the transmission shaft which is too short is regarded as an unqualified product and is scrapped or processed for other purposes.

For the calibration and calibration process of the displacement sensor in step S2, the calibration and calibration may be repeated once at intervals according to actual conditions, so as to ensure the detection accuracy, and the condition of repeated calibration and calibration may be that the number of the same transmission shafts is detected or the same time is detected.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device and the method for detecting the distance from the conical surface to the top plane of the automobile transmission shaft have the advantages that the detection is convenient, the operation is simple, and the robot can carry out full detection on feeding and discharging; the detection result is accurate, and the error is low and can be ignored; high detection efficiency and the like.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a propeller shaft according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the distance detection device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the distance measuring device of the present invention (without a base).

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the cone detection mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the cone detection mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view of a-a in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic sectional view of B-B in fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a schematic sectional view of the guide bush.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test head.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamping mechanism.

Figure 11 is a schematic view of the jaw assembly.

Figure 12 is a schematic view of the jaw assembly.

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural view of the welding support seat, the feeding detection mechanism, the up-down moving mechanism, and the product placing seat.

Fig. 14 is a schematic sectional view of the product placement seat.

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the upper seat of fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural view of the buffer mechanism.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a buffer of the buffer mechanism.

In the figure: 1. base, 11, supporting feet, 12, a fixing plate, 2, a feeding detection mechanism, 21, a first detection sensor, 22, a first supporting plate, 3, a clamping mechanism, 31, a clamping jaw component, 311, a dovetail clamping jaw, 312, a connecting block, 313, a cylinder joint, 314, a joint cover plate, 315, a T-shaped connecting plate, 32, a clamping cylinder, 33, a cylinder mounting strip, 34, a buffer component, 341, a buffer, 342, a buffer bracket, 343, a limiting block, 35, a cylinder mounting plate, 36, a dovetail groove slide block, 4, a conical surface detection mechanism, 41, a transfer plate, 42, a displacement sensor, 43, a sensor bracket, 44, a stop block, 45, a profiling tool component, 451, a sliding sleeve, 452, a sliding sleeve cover plate, 453, a guide sleeve, 4531, an annular boss, 4532, a guide hole, 4533, a test hole, 4534, a conical surface attaching part, 454, a cover plate, 455, a test head, 4551, a test head cover plate, a test head, a test, The device comprises an upper rod part, 4552, a lower plug part, 4553, a spring mounting hole, 4554, a convex ring, 4555, an air vent, 456, a spring, 457, a jackscrew, 46, an opposite mounting plate, 5, an up-down moving mechanism, 51, a guide rail, 52, a sliding block, 53, an adapter plate, 6, a product placing seat, 61, an upper seat, 611, an insertion rod, 612, a mounting hole, 613, an oil drain hole, 614, an oil drain groove, 615, a buffer surface, 616, an oil storage ring groove, 62, a lower seat, 621, an insertion hole, 7, a welding support seat, 71, a lower plate, 72, an upper plate, 73, a side plate, 75, a back plate, 8, a transmission shaft, 81, a conical surface, 9, a temporary storage mechanism, 91, a temporary storage seat, 911, an insertion hole, 912, a detection hole, 913, a flange end, 914, a fixing hole, 92, a second detection sensor, 93 and a second support plate.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. This figure is a simplified schematic diagram, and merely illustrates the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore it shows only the constitution related to the present invention.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the device for detecting the distance from the conical surface to the top plane of the automobile transmission shaft comprises a base 1, a clamping mechanism 3, a conical surface detection mechanism 4, an up-down moving mechanism 5, a product placing seat 6 and a welding support seat 7, wherein the base 1 comprises a top plate and a support column, and a support foot 11 and a fixing plate 12 are arranged at the bottom of the support column. Support at the installation subaerial through supporting lower margin 11, if need with the equipment fixed then through screw with fixed plate 12 and ground locking, improve the steadiness, fixed plate 12 is the L template in this embodiment, all is equipped with the connecting hole on the both ends face of L template, be convenient for with other structural connection. The welding supporting seat 7 is arranged on the base 1 and used for supporting other mechanisms; the clamping mechanism 3 is connected to the welding support base 7, the clamping mechanism 3 is provided with a clamping part, and two ends of the clamping part can be transversely close to or far away from the clamping part and are used for clamping and fixing the transmission shaft 8; the product placing seat 6 is positioned below the clamping mechanism 3, is opposite to the clamping part of the clamping mechanism 3 and is used for placing the bottom of the transmission shaft 8; the conical surface detection mechanism 4 is positioned above the clamping mechanism 3, is connected to the up-down moving mechanism 5 and is used for detecting whether the transmission shaft 8 is qualified or not, the conical surface detection mechanism 4 is provided with a conical surface attaching part 4534, and the conical surface attaching part 4534 is used for being matched with a conical surface at the top of the transmission shaft 8; the up-down moving mechanism 5 is connected to the side surface of the welding support base 7 and is used for driving the conical surface detection mechanism 4 to move up and down.

As shown in fig. 4-7, the conical surface detecting mechanism 4 includes a transfer plate 41, a displacement sensor 42, a stopper 44, and a profiling tooling assembly 45, the displacement sensor 42 and the transfer plate 41 are relatively fixed, in order to realize the fixation between the displacement sensor 42 and the profiling tooling and reduce the assembly error, the displacement sensor 42 is mounted above the cover plate through a sensor bracket 43, the profiling tooling assembly 45 is disposed right below the displacement sensor 42, a measuring rod of the displacement sensor 42 contacts with a testing head 455 of the profiling tooling assembly 45, the stopper 44 is disposed on a transverse plate of the transfer plate 41, a U-shaped limiting opening is disposed on one side of the stopper facing the sensor bracket 43, and the sensor bracket 43 is embedded in the U-shaped limiting opening. The U-shaped limiting port can prevent the sensor bracket 43 from rotating, and stability is improved. In the present embodiment, a high-precision kirschner displacement sensor is preferably used as the displacement sensor 42.

The profiling tooling assembly 45 comprises a sliding sleeve 451, a sliding sleeve cover plate 452, a guide sleeve 453, a guide sleeve cover plate 454, a testing head 455 and a spring 456, wherein a cavity communicated with the sliding sleeve 451 is formed in the sliding sleeve 451 from top to bottom, the sliding sleeve cover plate 452 is covered on the sliding sleeve 451, the upper end of the sliding sleeve cover plate 452 and the upper end of the sliding sleeve 451 are connected to a transverse plate of the transfer plate 41 together through screws and hung below the transverse plate, a through hole is formed in the sliding sleeve cover plate 452, the guide sleeve 453 and the guide sleeve cover plate 454 are arranged in the cavity of the sliding sleeve 451, the guide sleeve cover plate 454 is covered on the upper end of the guide sleeve 453 and is fixedly connected with the guide sleeve 453 through screws, the upper end of the guide sleeve cover plate 454 is abutted against the sliding sleeve cover plate 452, the lower end of the guide sleeve 453 is abutted against the sliding sleeve 451, the guide sleeve 453 and the guide sleeve cover plate 454 are fixed in the cavity of the sliding sleeve 451 through the sliding sleeve 451 and the sliding sleeve cover plate 452, so as to ensure the stable position of the guide sleeve 453 during testing, meanwhile, when different transmission shafts 8 need to be detected, only the guide sleeve 453 with different conical surfaces needs to be replaced correspondingly, so that the universality of the detection device is improved; be equipped with the at least three screw hole of radial extension on the lateral wall of sliding sleeve 451, be equipped with jackscrew 457 in the screw hole, through jackscrew 457 tight uide bushing 453 of top to guarantee that uide bushing 453 and sliding sleeve 451 are coaxial.

As shown in fig. 7-9, the testing head 455 includes an upper stem portion 4551 and a lower plug portion 4552 integrally connected, the outer diameter of the lower plug portion 4552 is larger than that of the upper stem portion, and the upper stem portion 4551 extends upward through the guide sleeve cover plate 454, and the upper end surface contacts with the measuring rod of the displacement sensor 42; springs 456 are arranged between the upper end face of the lower plug portion 4552 and the lower end face of the guide sleeve cover plate 454, in this embodiment, three springs 456 are arranged, the springs 456 are evenly distributed on the outer side of the upper rod portion 4551 along the circumferential direction, in order to fix the position of the springs 456, three spring mounting holes 4553 are arranged on the upper end face of the lower plug portion 4552, the bottom of each spring 456 is fixed in each spring mounting hole 4553, a convex ring 4554 on the outer wall of the lower plug portion 4552 is abutted to an annular boss 4531 on the inner wall of the guide sleeve 453 through the springs 456, the lower end of the lower plug portion 4552 is inserted into a guide hole 4532 of the guide sleeve 453, the lower plug portion 4552 can slide in the axial direction in the guide hole 4532, a test hole 4533 is arranged in the guide sleeve 453 below the guide hole 4532, a conical surface attaching portion 4534 with the conical surface shape and the size matched with that of the transmission shaft 8 is arranged at the bottom of the test hole 4534, the conical surface of the transmission shaft 8 is a conical surface attaching portion 4534, during testing, the transmission shaft 8 is tightly attached to the conical surface, therefore, the test head 455 is pushed to be lifted upwards, and because the lower end of the lower plug portion 4552 of the test head 455 is inserted into the guide sleeve 453 and when sliding in the guide sleeve 453, the air pressure in the space on both sides changes to block the movement of the lower plug portion 4552, at least one vent 4555 is axially arranged on the outer side wall of the convex ring 4554 at the upper end of the lower plug portion 4552, the upper end and the lower end of the convex ring 4554 are communicated through the vent 4555 to ensure the smooth up-and-down movement of the test head, in the embodiment, two vent 4555 are provided and are symmetrically arranged on the side walls on both sides of the convex ring 4554.

When no test is performed, spring 456 is in an initial state, pressing test head 455 inside guide sleeve 453 and bringing male ring 4554 and annular boss 4531 into abutment; when testing, the top of the transmission shaft 8 to be tested is inserted into the testing hole 4533, if the length from the conical surface of the transmission shaft 8 to the top is greater than the distance from the bottom of the conical surface fitting part 4534 to the bottom surface of the testing head 455, the transmission shaft 8 will be pressed against the testing head 455, and will press the testing head 455 upwards, and at the same time compress the spring 456, so as to generate downward elastic force, the testing head 455 moves upwards, and the upper rod part 4551 will push the measuring rod of the displacement sensor 42, and the distance from the conical surface to the top is measured through the displacement of the measuring rod, so as to determine whether the transmission shaft is qualified. In order to enable all the transmission shafts 8 to be pushed to the bottom of the test head 455, the distance from the bottom surface of the test head 455 to the bottom of the conical surface fitting portion 4534 is smaller than the distance from the conical surface of the standard transmission shaft 8 to the top, so as to avoid that the displacement sensor 42 cannot generate a reading due to too short distance from the conical surface to the top of the transmission shaft 8 to be tested during the test. When the cone detection mechanism 4 is lifted upward, the test head 455 falls back under the force of the spring 456 and is compressed back into the guide sleeve 453.

As shown in fig. 10-12, the clamping mechanism 3 includes clamping jaw assemblies 31, buffer assemblies 34, clamping cylinders 32, four cylinder mounting bars 33, two cylinder mounting plates 35 and dovetail grooves 36 symmetrically disposed at two sides of the detection position of the transmission shaft 8, wherein one end of each cylinder mounting bar 33 is connected with the cylinder mounting plate 35, the other end is fixedly connected with a side plate 73 of the welding support base 7, and the clamping cylinders 32 are fixed on the cylinder mounting plates 35, so that the clamping cylinders 32 are fixedly connected to the welding support base 7 through the cylinder mounting bars 33 and the cylinder mounting plates 35; the clamping jaw assembly 31 comprises a dovetail groove clamping jaw 311, a connecting block 312, an air cylinder joint 313, a joint cover plate 314 and a T-shaped connecting plate 315, wherein the execution end of the clamping air cylinder 32 is connected with a middle vertical plate of the T-shaped connecting plate 315 through the air cylinder joint 313, the joint cover plate 314 is sealed on the air cylinder joint 313 and is fixedly connected to the middle vertical plate of the T-shaped connecting plate 315, the dovetail groove clamping jaw 311 is fixedly connected to the side surface of the middle vertical plate back to the clamping air cylinder 32 and is fixed with the middle vertical plate through the connecting block 312 arranged at the bottom of the dovetail groove clamping jaw 311 through screws, in the embodiment, the connecting block 312 is a strip-shaped block, and the length of the connecting block is the same as the length of the dovetail groove clamping jaw 311; one side of the dovetail groove sliding block 36 is connected to the side plate 73 of the T-shaped connecting plate 315, and the other side is slidably connected to a transverse guide rail fixed to the back plate 75 of the welding support base 7. The buffer assemblies 34 comprise an upper group and a lower group, each group of buffer assemblies 34 comprises two buffers 341 and a limit block 343, the limit block 343 is located in the middle of the clamping mechanism 3, the two buffers 341 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the limit block 343, and the buffers 341 are respectively fixedly connected to the dovetail groove sliding blocks 36 through buffer brackets 342. The buffer assembly 34 can limit the action distance of the two-side clamping jaw assembly 31 on one hand, and can play a role in buffering to reduce noise on the other hand.

In order to detect whether the up-down moving mechanism 5 is in place when lifted, a correlation sensor is further provided, one end of which is mounted on a correlation mounting plate fixedly connected to the transfer plate 41 and the other end of which is mounted on a correlation mounting plate 46 on a side plate 73 of the welding support base 7.

As shown in fig. 13, the up-down moving mechanism 5 includes two guide rails 51, two sliding blocks 52, an adapter plate 53 and a lifting cylinder, the two guide rails 51 are fixed on the welding support base 7 in the vertical direction, and at least one sliding block 52 is connected to each guide rail 51, in order to improve the stability, two sliding blocks 52 are connected to each guide rail 51 in a sliding manner in this embodiment, the back surface of the transfer plate 41 of the conical surface detection mechanism 4 is connected to the sliding blocks 52, one end of the adapter plate 53 is fixedly connected to the transfer plate 41 between the guide rails 51, and the other end is connected to an execution end of the lifting cylinder, and the transfer plate 41 is controlled by the lifting cylinder to drive the conical surface detection mechanism 4 to move up and down.

As shown in fig. 13-15, the product placement seat 6 includes an upper seat 61 and a lower seat 62, the bottom of the upper seat 61 is provided with an insertion rod 611, the lower seat 62 is provided with an insertion hole 621 inside, the insertion rod 611 is inserted into the insertion hole 621, since the transmission shaft is processed by the previous process and when the transmission shaft is moved to the detection station, oil stains are left on the surface of the transmission shaft, so as to facilitate discharging the oil stains during detection and avoid polluting the detection mechanism, the product placement seat 6 is further provided with an oil discharge structure, the oil discharge structure includes a mounting hole 612, an oil discharge hole 613, an oil discharge groove 614, a buffer surface 615, an oil storage ring groove 616, and an oil discharge port arranged in the lower seat 62, the mounting hole 612 is used for connecting and fixing the upper seat 61 and the lower seat 62 through a bolt; the oil drain hole 613 is arranged in the middle of the upper seat 61, the top of the oil drain hole 613 forms a conical buffering surface 615, the lower end extends downwards to penetrate through the inserted rod 611 and is communicated with an oil drain port in the lower seat 62, the oil storage ring groove 616 is annularly arranged on the upper end surface of the upper seat 61, the oil drainage groove 614 is radially arranged on the upper end surface of the upper seat 61, one end of the oil drainage groove 614 is communicated with the oil storage ring groove 616, the other end of the oil drainage groove extends to the buffering surface 615, and the buffering surface 615 is a conical surface and facilitates guiding oil into the oil drain hole 613. Oil stain on the transmission shaft 8 flows to the upper end face of the upper seat 61 and then enters the oil storage ring groove 616 and the oil drainage groove 614, and oil in the oil storage ring groove 616 and the oil drainage groove 614 reaches a certain amount and flows into the oil drainage hole 613 along the oil drainage groove 614 through the buffering surface 615 and is discharged through the oil drainage hole 613. Preferably, the oil drain groove 614 may be inclined from the oil reservoir groove 616 side to the buffer surface 615 side to facilitate oil flow.

As shown in fig. 13, the welding support base 7 includes an upper plate 72, a lower plate 71, side plates 73 and a back plate 75, wherein the upper plate 72 and the lower plate 71 are installed between the two side plates 73 in parallel up and down, the back plate 75 is fixedly connected between the two side plates 73 above the upper plate 72, and the guide rail 51 of the up-down moving mechanism 5 is installed on the back plate 75; the upper plate 72 is provided with an arc-shaped opening just facing one side of the product placing seat 6, and the product placing seat 6 is embedded into the arc-shaped opening and can play a limiting role in the product placing seat 6.

As shown in fig. 13, the welding and supporting device further comprises a feeding detection mechanism 2, wherein the feeding detection mechanism 2 comprises a first detection sensor 21, the first detection sensor 21 is mounted on an upper plate 72 of the welding and supporting seat 7 through a first supporting plate 22, and a detection end of the first detection sensor 21 is opposite to the transmission shaft 8 above the product placing seat 6. First detection sensor 21 can adopt reflective sensor, also can adopt correlation sensor, and when adopting reflective sensor, the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal of sensor are located the homonymy of transmission shaft 8, and when adopting correlation sensor, the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal of sensor are located the both sides of transmission shaft 8, preferably adopt correlation laser sensor in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 16 and 17, in order to improve detection efficiency, avoid detection mechanism's vacancy, still include temporary storage mechanism 9, temporary storage mechanism 9 includes temporary storage seat 91 and second detection sensor 92, temporary storage seat 91 is fixed on the base 1 of welding supporting seat 7 side, just be equipped with the vertical jack 911 of establishing transmission shaft 8 of inserting along the axial in the temporary storage seat 91, be equipped with the inspection hole 912 that transversely runs through jack 911 on the lateral wall of temporary storage seat 91, the sense terminal of second detection sensor 92 is just to inspection hole 912. The second detecting sensor 92 may be a reflective sensor or a correlation sensor, when the reflective sensor is used, the emitting end and the receiving end of the sensor are located on the same side of the detecting hole 912, and when the correlation sensor is used, the emitting end and the receiving end of the sensor are located on two sides of the detecting hole 912, preferably, a correlation laser sensor is used in this embodiment; in order to facilitate the fixation of the sensor, the device also comprises a second supporting plate 93 for fixedly supporting the sensor, and the second detection sensor 92 is fixed on the base 1 through the second supporting plate 93; to facilitate the fixing of the temporary storage seat 91, the bottom of the temporary storage seat 91 is further provided with a flange end 913 having a fixing hole 914.

A method for detecting the distance from the conical surface to the top plane of an automobile transmission shaft 8 comprises the distance detection device and further comprises the following steps:

s1: determining the error range from the conical surface to the top of the transmission shaft 8 according to the processing requirement;

s2: installing a standard transmission shaft 8 on a product placing seat 6, enabling a clamping mechanism 3 to clamp the standard transmission shaft 8, controlling an up-down moving mechanism 5 to drive a conical surface detection mechanism 4 to move downwards, enabling the top of the standard transmission shaft 8 to be inserted into a detection hole 912 of a test head 455 of the conical surface detection mechanism 4, enabling a conical surface of the standard transmission shaft 8 to be attached to a conical surface attaching part 4534 at the bottom of the detection hole 912, enabling the top of the standard transmission shaft 8 to be abutted against the bottom surface of a lower plug part 4552 of the test head 455, then resetting a displacement sensor 42, realizing calibration of the displacement sensor 42, lifting the up-down moving mechanism 5 after calibration, loosening the clamping mechanism 3, and taking the standard transmission shaft 8 off the product placing seat 6;

s3: then the transmission shaft 8 to be detected is placed on the product placing seat 6, the clamping mechanism 3 is made to clamp the transmission shaft 8 to be detected, the up-down moving mechanism 5 is controlled to drive the conical surface detection mechanism 4 to move downwards, the top of the transmission shaft 8 to be detected is inserted into the detection hole 912 of the test head 455 of the conical surface detection mechanism 4, the conical surface of the transmission shaft 8 to be detected is attached to the conical surface attachment portion 4534 at the bottom of the detection hole 912, the top of the transmission shaft 8 to be detected is abutted to the bottom surface of the lower plug portion 4552 of the test head 455, then the reading of displacement sensing is read, whether the reading is within an error range is judged, if the reading is within the error range, the transmission shaft 8 to be detected is qualified, and if the reading is not within the error range, the transmission shaft 8 to be detected is unqualified.

Further, the method also comprises the following steps of screening unqualified transmission shafts 8:

when the reading of the displacement sensor is larger than the maximum value of the error, the overlong distance from the conical surface of the transmission shaft 8 to be detected to the top is indicated, the overlong transmission shaft 8 is reworked, the distance from the conical surface of the transmission shaft 8 to the top is shortened, and the transmission shaft 8 after reworking is detected again to judge whether the transmission shaft is qualified;

when the reading of the displacement sensor is smaller than the minimum value of the error, the distance from the conical surface of the transmission shaft 8 to be detected to the top is too short, and the transmission shaft 8 which is too short is regarded as an unqualified product and is discarded or processed for other purposes.

For the calibration and calibration process of the displacement sensor 42 in step S2, the calibration and calibration may be repeated once at intervals according to actual conditions, so as to ensure the detection accuracy, and the condition for repeating the calibration and calibration may be that the number of the same transmission shafts 8 is detected or the same time is detected.

The distance detection device and the distance detection method simplify the detection mode, reduce the detection cost, completely remove manual operation, judge whether the distance is qualified or not by the robot in the whole process of loading and unloading, record numerical values and improve the detection efficiency by at least ten times.

In light of the foregoing description of preferred embodiments in accordance with the invention, it is to be understood that numerous changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a distance detection device of conical surface to top plane of car transmission shaft which characterized in that: comprises a clamping mechanism, a conical surface detection mechanism, an up-down moving mechanism, a product placing seat and a welding supporting seat, wherein,

the welding support seat is used for supporting other mechanisms;

the clamping mechanism is connected to the welding support seat and is provided with a clamping part, and two ends of the clamping part can be transversely close to or far away from the clamping mechanism and are used for clamping and fixing the transmission shaft;

the conical surface detection mechanism is positioned above the clamping mechanism, connected to the up-down moving mechanism and used for detecting whether the transmission shaft is qualified or not, and is provided with a conical surface attaching part which is used for being matched with a conical surface at the top of the transmission shaft;

and the up-down moving mechanism is connected to the side surface of the welding supporting seat and is used for driving the conical surface detection mechanism to move up and down.

2. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the conical surface detection mechanism comprises a transfer plate, a displacement sensor and a profiling tool assembly, wherein the displacement sensor and the transfer plate are relatively fixed, the profiling tool assembly is arranged under the displacement sensor, and a measuring rod of the displacement sensor is in contact with a testing head of the profiling tool assembly.

3. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 2, wherein: the profiling tool assembly comprises a sliding sleeve, a sliding sleeve cover plate, a guide sleeve cover plate, a testing head and a spring, wherein a cavity communicated with the upper part and the lower part is formed in the sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve cover plate is covered above the sliding sleeve, a through hole is formed in the sliding sleeve cover plate, the guide sleeve and the guide sleeve cover plate are arranged in the cavity of the sliding sleeve, the guide sleeve cover plate is covered at the upper end of the guide sleeve, the upper end of the guide sleeve cover plate is abutted to the sliding sleeve cover plate, the lower end of the guide sleeve is abutted to the sliding sleeve, at least three radially extending threaded holes are formed in the side wall of the sliding sleeve, a jackscrew is arranged in each threaded hole, the guide sleeve is tightly jacked through the jackscrew, the testing head comprises an upper rod part and a lower plug part which are integrally connected, the outer diameter of the lower plug part is larger than that of the upper stem part, the upper rod part extends upwards to penetrate through the guide sleeve cover plate, and the upper end surface is contacted with a measuring rod of a displacement sensor; the spring is arranged between the upper end face of the lower plug portion and the lower end face of the guide sleeve cover plate, the convex ring on the outer wall of the lower plug portion is abutted to the annular boss on the inner wall of the guide sleeve through the spring, the lower end of the lower plug portion is inserted into the guide hole of the guide sleeve, the lower plug portion can slide in the guide hole along the axial direction, the test hole is formed in the guide sleeve below the guide hole, and the bottom of the test hole is provided with a conical surface fitting portion of which the shape and the size are matched with the conical surface of the transmission shaft.

4. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 2, wherein: the conical surface detection mechanism further comprises a stop block, the stop block is arranged on a transverse plate of the moving support plate, a U-shaped limiting opening is formed in one side, facing the sensor support, of the stop block, and the sensor support is embedded into the U-shaped limiting opening.

5. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping mechanism comprises clamping jaw assemblies, a clamping cylinder, a cylinder mounting strip and a dovetail groove sliding block which are symmetrically arranged on two sides of a transmission shaft detection position, wherein each clamping jaw assembly comprises a dovetail groove clamping jaw, a connecting block, a cylinder joint, a joint cover plate and a T-shaped connecting plate; one side of the dovetail groove sliding block is connected to a side plate of the T-shaped connecting plate, the other side of the dovetail groove sliding block is connected to the transverse guide rail in a sliding mode, and the transverse guide rail is fixed to a back plate of the welding supporting seat.

6. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 5, wherein: the clamping mechanism further comprises a buffer assembly, the buffer assembly comprises an upper group and a lower group, each buffer assembly comprises two buffers and a limiting block, the limiting blocks are located in the middle of the clamping mechanism, the two buffers are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the limiting blocks, and the buffers are fixedly connected to dovetail groove sliding blocks through buffer supports respectively.

7. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the up-and-down moving mechanism comprises two guide rails, sliders, adapter plates and a lifting cylinder, the guide rails are fixed on the welding support base in the vertical direction, at least one slider is connected to each guide rail, the back of the transfer plate of the conical surface detection mechanism is connected to the sliders, one end of each adapter plate is fixedly connected to the transfer plate between the guide rails, the other end of each adapter plate is connected with the execution end of the lifting cylinder, and the transfer plate is controlled by the lifting cylinder to drive the conical surface detection mechanism to move up and down.

8. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the product placing seat comprises an upper seat and a lower seat, wherein an insertion rod is arranged at the bottom of the upper seat, an insertion hole is formed in the lower seat, and the insertion rod is inserted in the insertion hole.

9. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 8, wherein: the product is placed and is still equipped with the oil extraction structure on the seat, the oil extraction structure is including setting up oil drain hole, draining groove, buffering face, the oil storage annular on the seat of honour and setting up the oil drain port in the seat of honour down, the oil drain hole sets up the middle part at the seat of honour, and the draining hole top forms conical buffering face, lower extreme downwardly extending run through the inserted bar and with the oil drain port intercommunication in the seat of honour down, the oil storage ring groove ring is established on the up end of seat of honour, the draining groove is along radially setting up on the up end of seat of honour, and draining groove one end and oil storage annular intercommunication, and the other end extends to the buffering face.

10. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 1, wherein: the welding support seat comprises an upper plate, a lower plate, side plates and a back plate, wherein the upper plate and the lower plate are arranged between the two side plates in parallel up and down; one side that the seat was just placed to the product to the upper plate is equipped with the arc opening, and the seat embedding arc opening is placed to the product in.

11. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft for an automobile according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: still include material loading detection mechanism, material loading detection mechanism includes first detection sensor, first detection sensor passes through first backup pad and installs on the upper plate of welding support seat, and the transmission shaft of seat top is just placed to the product to the sense terminal of first detection sensor.

12. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 11, wherein: still include temporary storage mechanism, temporary storage mechanism includes temporary storage seat and second detection sensor, the temporary storage seat is fixed on the base of welding support seat side, just be equipped with the vertical jack of establishing the transmission shaft of inserting along the axial in the temporary storage seat, be equipped with the inspection hole that transversely runs through the jack on the lateral wall of temporary storage seat, the sense terminal of second detection sensor is just to the inspection hole.

13. The apparatus for detecting a distance from a tapered surface to a top plane of a propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 12, wherein: the welding support base is fixed above the base, and a support ground foot and a fixing plate are arranged at the bottom of the base.

14. A method for detecting the distance from a conical surface to a top plane of an automobile transmission shaft is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprising a distance detection device according to any of claims 1-13, further comprising the steps of:

15. The method for detecting the distance from the tapered surface to the top plane of the propeller shaft of an automobile according to claim 14, wherein: the method also comprises the following steps of screening unqualified transmission shafts: