CN114076147A - Bearing, precession bearing and precession bearing gyro, and gyro precession type active stabilization device using precession bearing gyro - Google Patents

Bearing, precession bearing and precession bearing gyro, and gyro precession type active stabilization device using precession bearing gyro Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114076147A
CN114076147A CN202111007956.0A CN202111007956A CN114076147A CN 114076147 A CN114076147 A CN 114076147A CN 202111007956 A CN202111007956 A CN 202111007956A CN 114076147 A CN114076147 A CN 114076147A
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ring
balls
raceway surface
annular
raceway
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徐学庆
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C25/00—Bearings for exclusively rotary movement adjustable for wear or play
    • F16C25/06—Ball or roller bearings
    • F16C25/08—Ball or roller bearings self-adjusting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/38—Ball cages
    • F16C33/40—Ball cages for multiple rows of balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/60—Raceways; Race rings divided or split, e.g. comprising two juxtaposed rings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Friction Gearing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a precession bearing, which comprises a plane raceway, a conical raceway and a thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway of an annular limiting part of a third step of a left outer ring and a right outer ring of an outer bearing ring, a conical raceway, a thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway and a plane raceway of a left side surface and a right side surface of an inner bearing ring, two rows of first balls of a radial spherical ring, two rows of second balls of an axial spherical ring and two rows of third annular slope balls of an axial spherical ring, wherein the left side and the right side of an inner ring opposite to the outer ring are axially spaced, two rows of left and right balls are arranged on different raceways opposite to each other, the two rows of left and right balls are splayed when in installation, each row of balls are tangent to the conical raceway, the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway and the plane raceway, the rotation axes of the inner ring and the outer ring are relatively inclined, namely the plane raceway of the inner ring and the plane raceway of the outer ring are relatively inclined, when the inner ring rotates, the left and right rows of balls which are inclined relatively drive the outer ring to do rotary swing motion, namely precession motion.

Description

Bearing, precession bearing and precession bearing gyro, and gyro precession type active stabilization device using precession bearing gyro
The application is a divisional application, and the application numbers of the original application are as follows: 202010821664.X, filed on 2020, 08/15, entitled "rolling element bearing with angular motion freedom" is filed as a divisional application No.: 202110786478.1, date of filing of case division: bearing, oscillating bearing and oscillating bearing device for reciprocating motion in 2021, 12 months and 07 "
Technical Field
The invention relates to a combined bearing 1, which is used for general machinery, in particular to the technical field of precession effect of precession (rotary pendulum) bearings 1, 3 and 6, is used for driving general machinery and the machinery, and is used for vehicles, wind power, helicopter rotor wing mechanisms, mechanical arm joints and the like, and relates to a precession bearing gyroscope 4 comprising the precession of the precession bearings 1, 3 and 6, a gyroscope precession active stabilizing device 8 and 9 for balancing vehicles, mechanical equipment and building vibration reduction, and a gyroscope precession active stabilizing device 8 and 9 utilizing the precession bearing gyroscope 4, and a stabilizing platform for an ultra-precise high-speed workpiece table of a photoetching machine, optics, radars and the like.
Background
Most of the conventional combination bearings 1 are used as support shafts, which can guide the rotation of the shaft, and also can receive a mechanical part of the force transmitted from the shaft, i.e., the relative rotational movement of the inner ring 200 and the outer ring 100.
The precession principle, such as gyros, have a fixed axis, and precession and nutation can occur under the action of external moment, and relevant documents and patents on precession bearings 1, 3 and 6 for introducing precession motion are not discussed.
Therefore, the principle of precession mechanics is used in general machinery, such as vehicles, underground drilling, plunger pumps, internal combustion engines, wind power, helicopter rotor mechanisms, mechanical arm joints, etc., and the inner ring 200 is driven to precess by the fixed-axis rotation of the outer ring 100 or the rotation (precession) of the outer ring 100 is driven to rotate the inner ring 200, and references are cited: the study paper "gyro precession and forced precession orbit" in volume 45 and phase 3 of 2013, 5.s.1 and 6 realizes that two rows of second balls 303 and 304 orbit in an inertial space by applying external force, and the precession bearing 3 actively precesses by adopting two rows of third annular slope balls 305 and 306, which is described in detail below by the invention content and the specific implementation mode.
The precession principle of the gyroscope is the conservation of the own angular momentum of the gyroscope, the gyroscope has fixed axial performance and precession according to the rotational inertia of the gyroscope, a plurality of gyroscope stabilization platforms utilizing the high-speed rotational inertia of the gyroscope are provided, relevant documents and patents for introducing the precession bearing gyroscope 4 with precession bearings 1, 3 and 6 are not discussed, and gyroscope precession type active stabilization platform devices 8 and 9 of the precession bearing gyroscope 4 through the precession bearings 1, 3 and 6 are used for stabilizing the platform devices, and are explained in detail by the invention content and the specific embodiment.
The stable platform device can isolate carrier disturbance and vibration under dynamic conditions, the platform device can be kept horizontal all the time, the precision of test and measurement equipment such as a photoetching machine ultra-precise high-speed workpiece platform, optics and radars on the platform is not influenced, and the device has a very wide application prospect in the fields of aerospace, industrial control, mobile measurement, exploration and survey and the like.
In the current foreign blockade of the lithography machine, along with the continuous improvement of the requirements of the lithography machine on the width of a lithography line, the alignment precision, the productivity and the like, the requirements on the positioning and the vibration reduction of an ultra-precise high-speed workpiece table which is one of the core components of the lithography machine are also continuously improved. The line width of the circuit on the silicon chip after transfer printing is directly determined by the positioning precision of the workpiece stage of the photoetching machine. Three general lithographic apparatus manufacturers worldwide: the netherlands ASML, NIKON, japan CANON, in the development of their respective product families, have conducted a great deal of research on the stage of the lithography machine, and have been continuously improved in connection with the actual production process. They have generally used the balanced mass damping technique in their products because the stage of the lithography machine has mainly three degrees of freedom of movement, X, Y and torsion along the Z-axis. Vibration suppression and positioning accuracy in the directions of these three degrees of freedom are mainly considered.
The vibration generated in the working process of the photoetching machine mainly comprises an internal vibration part and an external vibration part. In early production processes, elimination of external vibrations was primarily considered. At present, the silicon wafer with large diameter is widely applied, and the yield is continuously improved.
The internal vibration of the lithography machine has increasingly large influence on various equipment indexes, and especially plays a serious restriction role in continuously improving the lithography precision and speed.
The photoetching machine workpiece table has higher motion acceleration and motion speed in the working process, and particularly, in the high-acceleration start-stop process, if impact force generated by the workpiece table cannot be well buffered, the workpiece table can generate larger vibration to a base table, which is a main source of vibration in the photoetching machine. In addition, when the workpiece table moves in the plane direction at X, Y, acceleration and deceleration movements deviating from the central axis cause twisting of the workpiece table along the Z-axis, which is not negligible for high-precision positioning and needs to be suppressed by measures. In order to solve the problems, relevant manufacturers and research institutions at home and abroad carry out a great deal of research, and the main technical means adopted at present is to weaken the internal vibration of the photoetching machine by using a balance mass vibration reduction mechanism by utilizing a momentum conservation principle.
Patents US6885430B2, ZL200710045582, US7034920B2, ZL200410009257, CN 102393610A, ZL200710042417 are all designed by using this principle.
The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute prior art that is known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a combined bearing, a precession characteristic mechanical principle of a precession bearing used in general machinery, a precession bearing gyro utilizing the precession of the precession bearing, and a gyro precession active stabilizing device utilizing the precession bearing gyro.
These objects have been achieved by the features as set forth in the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims and in the following description.
To those skilled in the art, the words axial and radial are frequently used in this document. If not otherwise stated, the axial direction is defined as the axial direction of the bearing parallel to its axis of rotation, the axial direction of the inner ring parallel to its axis of rotation, the axial direction of the outer ring parallel to its axis of rotation and the axial direction of the cage parallel to its axis of rotation. The radial direction is a direction perpendicular to the respective axial direction.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the invention achieves the aim that: a combined bearing comprises an outer bearing ring, an inner bearing ring, a plurality of rows of balls, a retainer and a fixing bolt, wherein the associated part of the outer bearing ring and the inner bearing ring is a spherical surface;
the inner bearing ring is annular, an outer ball raceway surface is formed on an annular radial outer spherical surface of the inner bearing ring, and a plurality of blind holes for retaining solid lubricant are formed in the outer ball raceway surface of the inner bearing ring;
one surface of the annular side surface opposite to the left and right in the axial direction is formed into a thrust angular contact conical raceway surface, the other surface of the annular side surface opposite to the left and right in the axial direction is formed into an axial contact annular plane raceway surface, and/or one surface of the annular side surface opposite to the left and right in the axial direction is formed into a thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface, the other surface of the annular side surface opposite to the left and right in the axial direction is formed into an axial contact annular plane raceway surface, and/or the annular side surfaces opposite to the left and right in the axial direction are formed into thrust angular contact conical raceway surfaces and/or thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces;
a plurality of blind holes for retaining the solid lubricant are formed in the thrust angular contact conical raceway surface, the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface and the axial contact annular plane raceway surface of the inner bearing ring;
the outer bearing ring also comprises a split left outer ring and a split right outer ring, wherein the outer diameter of the outer ring on one side of the combined left and right outer bearing rings is slightly smaller than that of the outer ring on the other side of the combined left and right outer bearing rings, and/or the outer diameters of the outer rings on the two sides of the combined left and right outer bearing rings are the same;
the left outer ring and the right outer ring are arranged in a cover ring shape, the inward extension of the left outer side of the cover ring-shaped left outer ring is provided with a three-stage step, and the inward extension of the right outer side of the cover ring-shaped right outer ring is provided with a three-stage step;
the first step of the three-step steps of the combined left outer bearing ring and the right outer bearing ring is provided with a spherical space with the inner diameter size larger than the outer diameter size of the inner bearing ring, and the radial spherical space is formed into a spherical inner cavity raceway surface;
the adjacent end surfaces of the axial side walls of the first steps of the three steps of the left outer ring and the right outer ring of the outer bearing ring are positioned on a radial spherical center extension line and/or are offset relative to the radial spherical center extension line;
the second step of the three-stage steps of the left outer bearing ring and the right outer bearing ring extends to a raceway of an outer spherical surface of the inner bearing ring, the radial spherical inner end surface of the second step forms an inner spherical raceway surface, the diameter of the inner spherical raceway surface of the combined three-stage step, which penetrates through the spherical center, of the second step of the left outer bearing ring and the right outer bearing ring is the same as the diameter of the outer spherical raceway surface of the inner bearing ring, and the inner spherical raceway surface and the outer spherical raceway surface form sliding motion;
the third step of the three-stage steps of the left and right outer bearing rings of the combination extends to form a separating part to cover the axial left and right side surfaces of the inner bearing ring, the axial inner side wall of the third step forms an annular limiting part, and the axial outer side surface of the third step forms a circular plane;
one surface of the annular limiting parts of the left outer ring and the right outer ring is provided with a thrust angular contact conical raceway surface, the other surface of the annular limiting parts is provided with an axial contact ring planar raceway surface, and/or one surface of the annular limiting parts of the left outer ring and the right outer ring is provided with a thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface, the other surface of the annular limiting parts of the left outer ring and the right outer ring is provided with an axial contact ring planar raceway surface, and/or both surfaces of the annular limiting parts of the left outer ring and the right outer ring are provided with thrust angular contact conical raceway surfaces and/or both surfaces of the annular limiting parts are provided with thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces;
the first step, the second step and the third step of the three-stage steps of the left outer ring and the right outer ring of the outer bearing ring are integrally formed;
the inner cavity raceway surface and the inner ring inner ball raceway surface of the ball ring are upper and lower spherical surfaces of steps which are concentric with each other, and the section of the inner cavity raceway surface and the inner ring inner ball raceway surface of the ball ring together with the annular limiting part is approximately L-shaped;
the ball ring inner cavity raceway surface and the intra-ring inner ball raceway surface of the outer bearing ring and the outer ball raceway surface of the inner bearing ring are spherical surfaces with coincident sphere centers, a distance (space) from the ball ring inner cavity raceway surface to the outer ball raceway surface can accommodate a plurality of rows of first balls, the plurality of rows of first balls are retained by a first retainer of the ball ring, and the first plurality of rows of balls can be guided to roll between the ball ring inner cavity raceway surface and the outer ball raceway surface;
the distance from the raceway surface of the third stepped annular limiting part of the left outer ring to the raceway surface of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft is equal to and/or unequal to the distance from the raceway surface of the third stepped annular limiting part of the right outer ring to the raceway surface of the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft; and
two rows of second balls are arranged in the distance (space) from the third step annular limiting parts of the left outer ring and the right outer ring three-stage steps of the outer bearing ring to the left side surface and the right side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring, the two rows of second balls are retained by an axial pocket second retainer, the two rows of second balls can be guided to roll between the thrust angular contact conical raceway surface and the axial contact plane raceway surface, and/or the two rows of second balls can be guided to roll between the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface and the axial contact plane raceway surface, and/or the two rows of second balls can be guided to roll between the conical raceway surface and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface and the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface;
the circumference of the circular ring plane of the left outer ring and the right outer ring of the outer bearing ring combination is relatively provided with eight staggered fixed counter bores, the fixed counter bores penetrate through the opposite surface from the axial side wall of the first step of the circular ring plane, elastic pads are arranged on the heads of the fixed bolts, and the fixed bolts are connected with the outer bearing ring, multiple rows of balls and the inner bearing ring into a whole by applying certain axial pretightening force.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of rows of first balls are disposed between the inner cavity raceway surface of the ball ring of the outer bearing ring and the outer ball raceway surface of the inner bearing ring, the plurality of rows of first balls are disposed in two and/or more rows, the plurality of rows of first balls are axially and uniformly distributed along the annular spherical surface at intervals, wherein at least two rows of first balls are distributed on the left and right of the radial center-of-sphere extension line in a relative manner, different numbers of balls are uniformly distributed on each row of first balls on the left and right at intervals according to the radial diameter of the annular spherical surface, and the annular spherical surface where the plurality of rows of first balls are axially distributed, and the inner cavity raceway surface of the ball ring of the outer bearing ring and the outer ball raceway surface of the inner bearing ring are spherical surfaces whose spherical centers coincide.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the first ball rows are axially and uniformly spaced by first retaining frames, the ball rings are axially and uniformly spaced by first retaining frames, the left and right first ball rows are provided with different numbers of balls according to the diameter of the radial annular spherical surface, the radial pockets are arranged in an equal number, the pockets of the first retaining frames are formed into a bowl-shaped shape, the bowl-shaped bottom holes face the center direction, and the first ball rows are retained in position by the first retaining frames.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of each ball of the left and right pluralities of balls in the first arrangement in the axial direction is equal to the distance from the inner cavity raceway surface of the ball ring of the outer bearing ring to the outer ball raceway surface of the inner bearing ring, or/and the diameter of each ball of the left and right pluralities of balls is greater than the distance from the inner cavity raceway surface of the ball ring of the outer bearing ring to the outer ball raceway surface of the inner bearing ring, the greater than distance having a value in the range of 0.002mm to 0.003 mm.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the thrust angular contact conical raceway surface arranged on the third step annular limiting part of the outer ring on one side of the outer bearing ring is a convex surface or a concave surface and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface is a spherical convex surface or a spherical concave surface; and
the thrust angular contact conical raceway surface arranged on one axial side surface of the inner bearing ring is a convex surface or a concave surface and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface is a spherical convex surface or a spherical concave surface;
the taper angle taper of the tapered raceway surface on one side of the outer bearing ring is the same as that of the tapered raceway surface on one side of the inner bearing ring and/or the spherical radius of the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface on one side of the outer bearing ring is the same as that of the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface on one side of the inner bearing ring, and the other side ring plane raceway surface of the outer bearing ring and the other side ring plane raceway surface of the inner bearing ring are arranged in parallel;
the annular plane raceway surface of the left outer ring is arranged relative to the conical raceway surface on the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface on the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, and the conical raceway surface of the right outer ring is arranged relative to the annular plane raceway surface on the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the right outer ring is arranged relative to the annular plane raceway surface on the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft;
the distance from the ring plane raceway surface of the left outer ring to the conical raceway surface on the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft is equal to and/or unequal to the distance from the conical raceway surface of the right outer ring to the ring plane raceway surface on the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft;
and/or the distance from the ring plane raceway surface of the left outer ring to the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft is equal to and/or unequal to the distance from the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the right outer ring to the ring plane raceway surface of the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft;
two rows of second balls are arranged in the distance (space) from the third step annular limiting parts of the three-stage steps of the left outer ring and the right outer ring of the outer bearing ring to the left side surface and the right side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring;
the left row of second balls are tangent to the circular plane raceway surface of the left outer ring and the circular plane raceway surface of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, the right row of second balls are tangent to the circular plane raceway surface of the right outer ring and the circular plane raceway surface of the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, and the two rows of second balls can be guided to roll between the circular plane raceway surfaces and the plane raceway surfaces;
and/or the left row of second balls are tangent to the annular plane raceway surface of the left outer ring and the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, the right row of second balls are tangent to the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the right outer ring and the annular plane raceway surface of the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, and the two rows of second balls can be guided to roll between the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces and the plane raceway surfaces.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, two rows of third annular slope balls are arranged in the distance (space) from the third step annular limiting part of the left and right outer ring three-stage steps to the left and right side surfaces of the inner bearing ring shaft, the three rows of third annular slope balls are in interval transition from small-diameter balls to large-diameter balls, the balls arranged from the large diameter to the small diameter are held by an axial third retainer, an axial pocket of the third retainer is arranged from the large diameter to the small diameter relative to the diameter of the balls, and the balls with different diameters of the two rows of third annular slope balls are opposite to each other and the same in pairs on one straight line;
the slope of the two rows of third annular ramp balls is 3 to 15 degrees;
the slope of the left row of annular slope balls is the same as that of the right row of annular slope balls, and small-diameter balls of the left row of annular slope balls are paired with large-diameter balls of the right row of annular slope balls;
the left row of annular slope balls are tangent to the annular plane raceway surface of the left outer ring and the conical raceway surface of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, the right row of annular slope balls are tangent to the conical raceway surface of the right outer ring and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the right outer ring and the annular plane raceway surface of the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, and the three rows of annular slope balls can be guided to roll between the conical raceway surface and the planar raceway surface and/or can be guided to roll between the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface and the planar raceway surface.
According to a further embodiment of the present invention, a propeller bearing in which the central axes of the thrust angular contact conical raceway surfaces and the ring plane raceway surfaces on the left and right side surfaces of the shaft of the inner bearing ring are obliquely arranged with respect to the axis of the drive shaft, and the conical bottom surfaces of the oblique thrust angular contact conical raceway surfaces and the oblique ring plane raceway surfaces are arranged in parallel;
two rows of second balls are arranged in the distance (space) from the third step annular limiting parts of the three-stage steps of the left outer ring and the right outer ring of the outer bearing ring to the left side surface and the right side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring,
the distance between the ring plane raceway surface of the left outer ring and the inclined thrust angular contact conical raceway surface on the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft is equal to and/or unequal to the distance between the conical raceway surface of the right outer ring and the inclined ring plane raceway surface on the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft; namely, it is
The axial diameter of the left row of second balls is the same as and/or different from that of the right row of second balls;
the left row of second balls is tangent to the ring plane raceway surface of the left outer ring and the inclined conical raceway surface of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, the right row of second balls is tangent to the conical raceway surface of the right outer ring and the inclined ring plane raceway surface of the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, the left row of second balls can be guided to roll between the inclined conical raceway surface and the ring plane raceway surface, and the right row of second balls can be guided to roll between the conical raceway surface and the inclined ring plane raceway surface;
and/or the central axes of the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface and the annular plane raceway surface on the left side surface and the right side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring are obliquely arranged relative to the axis of the transmission shaft, and the oblique thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface and the oblique annular plane raceway surface are arranged in parallel;
and/or two rows of second balls are arranged in the distance (space) from the third step annular limiting part of the three-stage steps of the left outer ring and the right outer ring of the outer bearing ring to the left side surface and the right side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring,
and/or the distance from the annular plane raceway surface of the left outer ring to the inclined thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft is equal to and/or unequal to the distance from the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the right outer ring to the inclined annular plane raceway surface of the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft;
and/or the axial diameter of the left row of second balls is the same as and/or different from that of the right row of second balls;
and/or the left row of second balls is tangent to the annular plane raceway surface of the left outer ring and the angular contact thrust annular spherical raceway surface inclined to the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, the right row of second balls is tangent to the angular contact thrust annular spherical raceway surface of the right outer ring and the inclined annular plane raceway surface inclined to the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, the left row of second balls can be guided to roll between the inclined angular contact thrust annular spherical raceway surface and the annular plane raceway surface, and the right row of second balls can be guided to roll between the angular contact thrust annular spherical raceway surface and the inclined annular plane raceway surface.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, a precession bearing gyroscope is provided, wherein a left outer ring of an outer bearing ring is arranged in a circular cover shape, a three-stage step extends inwards from a left outer side of the circular cover-shaped left outer ring, a third step of the circular cover-shaped three-stage step extends to form a shaft left side surface which separates and completely covers an inner bearing ring, an axial inner side wall of the third step is formed into a circular plane limiting part, the circular plane limiting part is formed into a plane raceway surface, an axially convex cone is arranged in the middle of an axial outer side surface of the third step, the cone angle of the cone is 100-178 degrees, an axial annular plane is arranged on the periphery of the axial outer side surface of the third step, eight fixing counter bores are arranged on the annular plane and penetrate through the axial side wall of the first step to an opposite surface;
the inner bearing ring is arranged into a T shape, the T shape rotates anticlockwise by 90 degrees and faces to the direction of a rotation axis, a concave thrust angular contact conical track surface and/or a concave thrust angular contact annular spherical track surface are formed on the left side surface in the axial direction of the T shape, the right side surface of the T-shaped shaft is formed into an annular plane track surface and a middle part to form a rod end, and/or the inner bearing ring is arranged into a circular ring shape, the left side surface in the axial direction of the circular ring shape is formed into a concave thrust angular contact conical track surface and/or a concave thrust angular contact annular spherical track surface, and the right side surface of the circular ring-shaped shaft is formed into an annular plane track surface;
the axial left raceway surface of the inner bearing ring and the right outer ring third step annular limiting part raceway surface of the outer bearing ring form corresponding thrust angular contact conical raceway surfaces, and/or the axial left raceway surface of the inner bearing ring and the right outer ring third step annular limiting part raceway surface of the outer bearing ring form corresponding thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces;
two rows of second balls and/or two rows of third balls are arranged in the distance (space) from the third step annular limiting parts of the three steps of the left outer ring and the right outer ring of the outer bearing ring to the left side surface and the right side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring;
the left row of balls are tangent to a circular plane raceway surface of the left outer ring and a circular plane raceway surface and/or a thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, the right row of balls are tangent to a circular plane raceway surface and/or a thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the right outer ring and an annular plane raceway surface of the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft, the second two rows of balls can be guided to roll between the circular plane raceway surface and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface and the plane raceway surface, and the third two rows of balls can be guided to roll between the circular plane raceway surface and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface and the plane raceway surface.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the precession bearing gyroscope is used for a gyroscopic precession active stabilizing device, the rod end of an inner bearing ring of the precession bearing gyroscope is connected with a motor rotating shaft, and the motor base is connected with a mounting platform; and
the vertex of the cone of the left outer ring of the outer bearing ring of the precession bearing gyro is erected on the base platform or on the flat ground.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, a gyroscopic precessional active stabilization device is provided as a one-point gyroscopic support and/or a multi-point gyroscopic support, said preferably being provided as a four-point gyroscopic support;
and four peripheral opposite side corners of the four-point gyroscope support are provided with primary tensile tension springs, one ends of the tension springs are connected with the base platform, and the other ends of the tension springs are connected with the mounting platform.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the outer ring of the advancing bearing is divided into two parts, wherein the outer side of the outer ring of each part is provided with a three-stage step extending towards the inner ring. Each row of balls in the raceway surface of the inner cavity of the ball ring is held in axially opposite positions by a retainer of the ball ring. The left and right outer rings and the multiple rows of balls realize clearance adjustment among the outer rings, the balls and the inner rings through adjustment of the fixing bolts, the fit degree of radial clearances and axial clearances of the bearings can be accurately controlled, and the radial clearances and the axial clearances can be adjusted to be basically consistent. Therefore, the bearing precision is improved, and the influence of the motion precision of the bearing on the motion precision of the mechanism is reduced.
(2) The invention changes the axial distance between the left and right outer rings of the bearing and the diameter of the ball in the bearing, and can be flexibly combined by the replacement of the two dimensions, each row of balls are annularly and axially arranged from the inner ring to the outer ring, so that the change of the axial diameter is about the same as the width of the outer bearing ring when the left and right outer rings are connected, when the bearing rotates with angular freedom, each row of balls are in multi-point and multi-line contact with the raceways of the inner and outer rings, the raceways can rotate with the angular freedom in a self-adaptive way along with the change of external force, and the contact stress is high. When outer race, multiseriate ball and interior race sports fatigue wearing and tearing, the diameter of three is changing, and the external diameter of the left outer lane of the left and right outer lane of outer race combination is greater than the external diameter of right outer lane, through the flexible combination of hemisphere outer lane, the hemisphere outer lane that the external diameter is big and bearing box interference fit, the automatic flexible pretension of the hemisphere outer lane that the external diameter is little, the bullet pad on the fixing bolt head has an elasticity to make outer race, multiseriate ball and interior race be in the same place all the time fixed. The first is that rolling and sliding move simultaneously after the rolling movement is worn out; the second is the simultaneous movement of scrolling and sliding. Under the action of dynamic load, obvious stress concentration appears at a part of a contact part of the ball and the raceway, for example, on a bearing with a nominal point contact center, a line contact end part and no accurate ball guide, the surface of the ball has initial defects, and the bearing can not fail by combining different motion modes.
(3) According to the invention, the clearance is eliminated by a plurality of rows of axial balls, so that the influence of the rotary motion of angular motion on the precision can be provided, according to the motion speed and the load, when the rolling motion is worn out, the axial distance clearance between the left outer ring and the right outer ring of the bearing is reduced, and the inner spherical surface raceway of the second step on the outer bearing ring and the outer spherical surface raceway of the inner bearing ring start sliding friction; the rolling friction device can also be provided with a sliding and rolling simultaneous movement, the raceway surface of the inner cavity of the ball ring of the outer bearing ring, the raceway surface of the outer ball of the inner bearing ring, the axial raceway of the limiting part of the outer bearing ring, the raceway surface of the axial end face of the inner bearing ring and the multiple rows of balls are in rolling friction, and the inner spherical raceway of the second step on the outer bearing ring and the outer raceway surface of the inner bearing ring are in sliding friction. The ball bearing can be used in a movement mechanism with higher precision requirement by the diameter of the ball and the arrangement of the inner cavity raceway surfaces of the outer rings of the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere, so that the influence of the clearance of the advancing bearing on the movement precision and the return difference is avoided, and particularly the high-precision space direction mechanism is avoided.
(4) The invention sets the plane rolling way, the taper rolling way, the thrust angular contact annular spherical rolling way of the third step of the left and the right outer rings of the outer bearing ring, sets the taper rolling way, the thrust angular contact annular spherical rolling way and the plane rolling way of the left and the right side surfaces of the shaft of the inner bearing ring, sets the radial ball ring two rows of first balls, the axial ball ring two rows of second balls and the axial ball ring two rows of third annular slope balls, sets the left and the right axial distance of the inner ring and the outer ring, sets the left and the right ball rows of different rolling ways which are opposite, when in installation, the left and the right ball rows are in a splay shape, each ball row is tangent with the taper rolling way, the thrust angular contact annular spherical rolling way and the plane rolling way, the rotation axes of the inner ring and the outer ring are relatively inclined, namely, the plane rolling way of the inner ring and the plane rolling way of the outer ring are relatively inclined, when the inner ring rotates relative to the outer ring, the left and right rows of balls inclined relatively drive the outer ring to do rotary swing motion, namely precession motion.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a front view of a combination bearing and/or a precession bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a sectional view a-a of a combination bearing and/or precession bearing according to a first embodiment of the invention according to fig. 1.
Fig. 3 shows a side view of a combination bearing and/or precession bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a sectional B-B view of a combination bearing and/or precession bearing according to a first embodiment of the invention according to fig. 3.
Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of an inner race of a combination bearing and/or a propeller bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention after disassembly.
Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of the right outer race of a combination bearing and/or a propeller bearing according to a first embodiment of the invention, after disassembly.
Fig. 7 shows a perspective view of the left outer race of a combination bearing and/or a propeller bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention after disassembly.
Fig. 8 shows a front view of a precession bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view through C-C of a precession bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention in accordance with figure 8.
Fig. 10 shows a front view of a precession bearing according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 shows a cross-sectional view E-E of a precession bearing according to a third embodiment of the present invention according to figure 10.
Fig. 12 shows an exploded view of a precession bearing according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 shows a rear view of a precession bearing gyro according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 14 shows a left side view of a precession bearing gyro according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 shows a front view of a precession bearing gyro according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 shows a D-D cross-sectional view of a precession bearing gyro according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention in accordance with FIG. 15.
Fig. 17 shows an exploded view of a precession bearing gyro according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 18 shows a perspective view of a precession bearing gyrostabiliser platform assembly according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 19 shows a perspective view of a four point support with tension springs mounted for a gyroscopic precessional active stabilization device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 20a to 20h show a flow chart of precessing (swinging) the outer race by rotating the inner race of a precession bearing about a rotation axis Z according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 21 shows a sectional view of a precession bearing according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the symbols
1. Combination bearing and/or precession bearing, 2. precession bearing with inner ring axial inclined plane, 3. precession bearing with annular slope ball, 6. precession bearing with thrust angular contact annular spherical surface
4. A precession bearing gyro 8, a precession bearing gyro for a gyro precession type active stabilizing device 9, a gyro precession type active stabilizing device 100, an outer bearing ring 101, a left outer ring 102, a right outer ring,
131. the third step of the left outer ring, 132 the third step of the right outer ring, 135 the circular ring plane of the third step of the left outer ring, 136 the circular ring plane of the third step of the right outer ring, 133 the annular limiting part of the third step of the left outer ring axially contacts with the circular ring plane raceway surface, 134 the annular limiting part of the third step of the right outer ring thrust angular contact conical raceway surface, 139 the annular limiting part of the third step of the right outer ring thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface
121. A second step of the left outer ring, 122, a second step of the right outer ring, 123, an inner ball raceway surface of the left outer ring second step, 124, an inner ball raceway surface of the right outer ring second step, 125, an axial end portion of the left outer ring second step, 126, an axial end portion of the right outer ring second step,
111. a first step of the left outer ring, 112, a first step of the right outer ring, 113, a ball ring cavity raceway surface of the first step of the left outer ring, 114, a ball ring cavity raceway surface of the first step of the right outer ring, 115, an axially adjacent end surface of the first step of the left outer ring, 116, an axially adjacent end surface of the first step of the right outer ring,
108. the left outer ring of the precession bearing gyro is in a round cover shape, 109, an axial cone 200, an inner bearing ring, 206, an outer ball raceway surface of the inner bearing ring, 201, an axial left thrust angular contact conical rolling surface of the inner bearing ring, 202, an axial right axial contact ring plane rolling surface of the inner bearing ring, 203, an axial left oblique thrust angular contact conical rolling surface of the inner bearing ring, 204, an axial right oblique ring plane rolling surface of the inner bearing ring, 205, an axial left thrust angular contact conical rolling surface of the inner bearing ring of the precession bearing gyro, 208, an axial right rod end of the inner bearing ring of the precession bearing gyro, 222, an axial left thrust angular contact annular spherical rolling surface of the inner bearing ring,
301. left first ball in cavity 302 right first ball in cavity 303 axial left second ball 304 axial right second ball 305 axial left third circular slope ball 306 axial right third circular slope ball 307 small diameter ball of left third slope ball 308 large diameter ball of right third slope ball
401. A left first ball cage in the cavity, 402, a right first ball cage in the cavity, 403, an axial left second ball cage,
404. axial right second ball cage 405, left third annular ramp ball cage 406, right third annular ramp ball cage 501, anchor bolt 500, anchor counterbore
600. A motor 601, a motor rotating shaft 602, a mounting platform 603, a base platform,
900. extension spring
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present application, features of the embodiments and the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, so as to facilitate the description of the illustrated left-right relationship, which is the embodiment with respect to the drawings, and the illustrated embodiments may be rotated by 180 degrees left and right to convert the left-right relationship with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In the embodiment of the invention, the combination bearing, the propeller bearing and the propeller bearing top are provided, wherein the retainer is used for the balls and comprises a radial ball ring type bowl hole retainer and an axial ball hole retainer. In embodiments, the cage is made of a polymer, a metal such as brass, steel or iron, or any other suitable material recognized by those skilled in the art.
Other embodiments and modifications to the present embodiments presented herein within the scope of the claims will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, those skilled in the art will understand and appreciate that the cage pocket geometry may be designed differently to still achieve the same effect.
For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of the disclosure, reference will now be made to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings and described in the following written specification. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the disclosure is thereby intended. It is also to be understood that the present disclosure includes any alterations and modifications to the illustrated embodiments and includes further applications of the principles of the disclosure as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the disclosure relates.
First embodiment
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present invention relates to a combined bearing 1 and/or a precession bearing 1.
The combined bearing 1 and/or the precession bearing 1 are applied to the fields of general machinery and vehicles, such as underground drilling, plunger pumps, internal combustion engines, electric tools, wind power equipment, helicopter rotor wing mechanisms, mechanical arm joints and the like.
The combination bearing 1 and/or the propeller bearing 1 according to fig. 1 to 7 as a first embodiment of the bearing includes an outer bearing ring 100 and an inner bearing ring 200 coaxial with the outer bearing ring 100, and the rolling elements in the raceway surfaces 113 and 114 of the inner cavity of the ball ring may be formed such that at least two rows of first balls 301 and 302 are arranged on the left and right sides across the center line in the radial direction and two rows of second balls 303 and 304 on the left and right sides of the annular stopper portions 133 and 134 of the third steps 131 and 132 are arranged in the axial direction, and retainers 401, 402, 403, and 404.
The inner bearing ring 200 is formed in an annular shape, and has an outer ball raceway surface 206 formed on its outer spherical surface, a plurality of blind holes for retaining a solid lubricant are formed in the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 2, a thrust angular contact tapered raceway surface 201 is formed on its axial left side surface, a ring plane raceway 202 is formed on its axial right side surface, and a plurality of blind holes for retaining a solid lubricant are formed in its thrust angular contact tapered raceway surface 201 and ring plane raceway 202.
The outer bearing ring 100 forms a three-stage step with L-shaped cross sections which are split into a left outer ring 101 and a right outer ring 102 which are in cover ring shapes; the outer diameter of the outer ring on one side of the combined left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 is smaller than that of the outer ring on the other side, or the outer diameters of the outer rings on both sides of the combined left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 are the same; first steps 111 and 112 of the three steps of the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 are combined to form a ring-ball shaped space having an inner cavity with an inner diameter size larger than the outer diameter size of the inner bearing ring 200, and the first steps 111 and 112 are formed into ball-ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 in the ring-ball shaped space; the second steps 121, 122 of the left and right outer bearing rings 101, 102 are formed into inner spherical shapes having the same inner diameter dimension as the outer diameter dimension of the inner bearing ring 200, and the second steps 121, 122 are formed into inner spherical raceway surfaces 123, 124 at the inner spherical end portions thereof; axial inner side walls of third steps 131 and 132 of left and right hemispherical outer rings 101 and 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 are formed into annular limiting parts 133 and 134, provided with plane raceways 133 and thrust angular contact conical raceways 134, axial outer side faces of the third steps 131 and 132 are formed into circular ring planes 135 and 136, the peripheries of the circular ring planes 135 and 136 are provided with eight staggered bolt counter bores 500, and the circular ring planes 135 and 136 pass through the axial side walls 115 and 116 of the first steps 111 and 112 to opposite faces; the third steps 131 and 132 and the second and first steps 121, 122, 111 and 112 of the left and right hemispherical outer rings 101 and 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 form a connected annular step of a cover, the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 and the inner ring ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 are upper and lower raceways of a spherical surface, and the axial inner side walls of the annular limiting parts 133 and 134 are provided with a plane raceway 133 and a conical raceway 134; the axial left and right end faces 115, 116 of the first steps 111, 112 of the combination of the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 are on or offset from the spherical center ray in the radial direction; the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 are arranged on the same center of sphere through ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114; the first balls 301 and 302 and the second balls 303 and 304 are rollably arranged between the outer ball raceway surface 206 and the axial conical raceway 201 of the inner bearing ring 200, between the flat raceway 202 and the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 of the outer bearing ring 100, and between the axial right and left side annular stopper portion flat raceway 133 and the conical raceway 134 in a state where the first balls 301 and 302 and the second balls 303 and 304 are axially distributed and held at intervals by the retainers 401, 402, 403, and 404.
The spherical centers of the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114, the ring inner ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 of the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 coincide, a plurality of blind holes for retaining solid lubricant are formed in the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200, and the ring inner ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 of the second steps 121 and 122 of the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 are in contact sliding friction fit.
A space for accommodating a plurality of rows of first balls 301 and 302 is provided between the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 of the combination of the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200. The ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 can contain a plurality of rows of first balls 301 and 302 and enable the first balls to contact and roll at the middle points of two spherical raceways, retainers 401 and 402 of a radial ring spherical surface are added for keeping the relative positions of the plurality of rows of first balls 301 and 302, the retainers 401 and 402 are matched with the left outer bearing ring 101 and the right outer bearing ring 102 to ensure that the axial ring spherical surfaces of the two rows of first balls 301 and 302 are uniformly distributed at intervals, and the relative positions of the balls of each row of balls 301 and 302 can be ensured not to change in the rolling process; the retainers 401 and 402 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene retainers which have a certain self-lubricating function and can lubricate the balls, the retainers 401 and 402 are made of spherical ring structures, pockets for accommodating steel balls are uniformly distributed on the spherical ring structures, and the pockets of each row of retainers 401 and 402 are deviated from the outer spherical raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 relative to each row of balls 301 and 302.
The distance between the side walls 125, 126 of the opposite second steps 121, 122 of the left and right outer rings 101, 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 is set so that the two rows of first balls 301, 302 can freely rotate in the space in the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113, 114, when the angular deflection is relatively large, the two rows of balls 301, 302 contact the axial side walls 125, 126, and the pockets of the retainers 401, 402 are biased toward the inner bearing ring 200 relative to the two rows of balls 301, 302, so that when the rotation angle of the inner bearing ring 200 of the combination bearing 1 and/or the propeller bearing 1 deviates from the left and right rows of balls 301, 302, the pockets of the retainers 401, 402 can cooperate with the outer bearing ring 100 to keep the relative position of each ball unchanged.
The combined bearing 1 is assembled according to an operable sequence that the right outer ring 102 with small outer diameter of the outer bearing ring 100 is flatly placed on a workbench, a second row of second balls 304 on the right side in the axial direction of the assembly is horizontally placed in a conical raceway 134 of an annular limiting part on the inner side wall of a third step 132 of the right outer ring 102 with small outer diameter, a third row of first balls 302 on the right side in a raceway surface 114 of an inner cavity of a ball ring are assembled, the right side of the inner bearing ring 200 is assembled in two rows of rolling bodies 304 and 302 in the right outer ring 102 in a fourth step, a T-shaped round rod penetrates through a shaft core of the inner bearing ring 200, the right outer ring 102, the two rows of rolling bodies 304 and 302 and the inner ring 200 which are assembled are reversely buckled in the left outer ring 101 and the two rows of rolling bodies 303 and 301 which are assembled in the other half and have large outer diameter, and finally the left and right outer rings 101 and 102 are connected by bolts 501 for pre-tightening and fixing.
The distance from the inner side wall annular limiting parts 133 and 134 of the third steps 131 and 132 of the left and right outer rings 101 and 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the axial left and right side surfaces 201 and 202 of the inner bearing ring 200 of the combined bearing 1 can accommodate two rows of second balls 303 and 304, each of the two rows of second balls 303 and 304 is tangent to the left and right inner side wall annular limiting parts 133 and 134 and the axial left and right side surfaces 201 and 202 of the inner ring 200 and rolls on the conical raceways and the planar raceways 133, 201, 134 and 202, and further, the central axes of the inner and outer rings 200 and 100 of the combined bearing 1 of the first embodiment are limited to be coincided and rotated in parallel. If an external force is applied, an interaction force exists between two objects which are in contact with each other along the normal direction of the contact surface, if friction exists on the contact surface, a shearing force is generated along the tangential direction of the contact surface to resist tangential movement between the objects, two rows of second balls 303 and 304 in the axial direction can carry tangential force on the planar raceways 133 and 202 and the conical raceways 201 and 134 of the inner and outer rings 200 and 100 and can cause fretting wear due to differential sliding, and meanwhile, when the inner ring 200 rotates at a high speed, the applied external force can drive the central axes of the inner and outer rings 200 and 100 to relatively tilt.
The movable bearing 1 is assembled according to the operable sequence that the right outer ring 102 with small outer diameter of the outer bearing ring 100 is flatly placed on a workbench, the right row of the second ball 304 on the right side in the axial direction is obliquely placed in the circular limiting part conical raceway 134 on the inner side wall of the third step 132 of the right outer ring 102 with small outer diameter in the second step, the right row of the first ball 302 and the second ball 304 in the inner cavity raceway surface 114 of the assembled ball ring in the third step are obliquely and correspondingly placed, the right side of the inner bearing ring 200 in the fourth step is assembled in the right outer ring 102 and the two rows of the oblique rolling bodies 304, 302, the fifth step is to use a T-shaped round bar to penetrate through the mandrel of the inner bearing ring 200, the assembled half of the right outer ring 102, the two rows of the rolling bodies 304, 302 and the inner ring 200 are reversely buckled in the other half of the assembled left outer ring 101 with large outer diameter, the row of the rolling bodies 303 and the row of the oblique rolling bodies 301, and finally the left and right outer rings 101, the right outer rings, 101, the assembled in combination of the two rows of the rolling bodies, are connected by the bolt 501, 102 are pre-tensioned and fixed.
The distance from the inner side wall annular limiting parts 133, 134 of the third steps 131, 132 of the left and right outer rings 101, 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the axial left and right sides 201, 202 of the inner bearing ring 200 of the precession bearing 1 can accommodate two rows of second balls 303, 304, each of the two rows of second balls 303, 304 is tangent to the left and right inner side wall annular limiting parts 133, 134 and the axial left and right sides 201, 202 of the inner ring 200, and rolls on the conical raceways and the planar raceways 133, 201, 134, 202, the rotation axis of the inner ring 200 is relatively inclined with respect to the rotation axis of the outer ring 100, when the inner ring 200 rotates to further limit the precession of the outer ring 100 of the precession bearing 1 of the first embodiment at an angle, that is, when the left and right rows of balls 303, 304 are relatively splayed when being installed, the left row of balls 303 is relatively controlled to be relatively parallel by the annular planar rolling surface 133 of the left outer ring 101, the central axis of the left row of balls 303 is relatively inclined with respect to the rotation axis of the inner ring 200, the central axis of the left row of balls 303 when rolling is not parallel to the central axis of the outer ring 100, the central axis of the left row of balls 303 when rolling moves circularly around the central axis of the outer ring 100, the right row of balls 304 is controlled by the annular plane rolling surface 202 on the right side of the inner ring 200 in the axial direction to be relatively parallel, the central axis of the right row of balls 304 is relatively inclined to the central axis of the outer ring 100, the central axis of the right row of balls 304 when rolling is not parallel to the rotation axis of the inner ring 200, the central axis of the right row of balls 304 when rolling moves circularly around the central axis of the inner ring 200, each row of balls 303, 304 is tangent to the conical rolling ways 201, 134 and the plane rolling ways 133, 202, the rotation axes of the inner ring 200 and the outer ring 100 are relatively inclined, that is the plane rolling way 202 of the inner ring 200 is not parallel to the plane rolling way 133 of the outer ring 100, the left and right rows of second balls 303, 304 relatively incline in the inertia space tracks on the conical rolling way surfaces 201, 134, when the inner ring 200 of the precession bearing 1 rotates relative to the outer ring 100, the two rows of balls 303 and 304, which are inclined relatively, drive the outer ring 100 to make a rotational motion, that is, a precession motion. When the inner ring 200 rotates at a high speed, if an external force is applied, the angle which can drive the central axes of the inner ring 200 and the outer ring 100 to move relatively changes at any time, and the size of the angle changes at any time.
If the driving mode is changed, the outer ring 100 of the precession bearing 1 precesses and drives the inner ring 200 to rotate, and the precession bearing can be applied to a general-purpose machine for driving.
According to different designs, the combined bearing 1 and/or the precession bearing 1 has two modes of rolling motion and sliding motion: first, rolling → rolling plus sliding, fig. 1 to 7 are assembled as above, the diameters of the in-ring ball raceway surfaces 123, 124 of the opposing second steps 121, 122 of the left and right outer rings 101, 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 passing through the center of the sphere are equal to the diameter of the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200; the first balls 301 and 302 in each left and right row of the radial extension line on the sphere center are axially arranged in a left and right opposite mode, the diameter of each ball of the first balls 301 and 302 in each left and right opposite row is larger than the distance from the inner cavity raceway surface 113 and 114 of the ball ring to the outer ball raceway surface 206, and the value of the diameter is larger than the data range and is 0.002 mm-0.003 mm. Then, according to the axial clearance between the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102, the fixing screw 501 applies a pre-tightening force to adjust the moment of the elastic cushion, so that the purpose of accurately adjusting the clearance between the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 and the inner ball race surfaces 123 and 124 of the ball ring and the outer ball race surface 206 can be achieved. When the outer bearing ring 100, the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303, 304 and the inner bearing ring 200 are in fatigue wear and tear in motion, the diameters of the three are changed, the outer diameter of the left outer ring 101 of the hemisphere outer ring of the combination of the outer bearing ring 100 is larger than the outer diameter of the right outer ring 102, through the flexible combination of the hemisphere outer ring, the hemisphere outer ring 101 with the large outer diameter is in interference fit with the bearing box, the hemisphere outer ring 102 with the small outer diameter is automatically and flexibly pre-tightened, the elastic pad on the head of the fixing bolt 501 has elastic force to enable the outer bearing ring 100, the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303, 304 and the inner bearing ring 200 to be fixed together all the time. Through the adjustment, the original spherical contact is changed into the rolling contact of the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303 and 304, and on one hand, the gaps between the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303 and 304 and the inner bearing ring 200, the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 can be adjusted automatically through the moment of the pretightening force of the elastic pads of the fixing screws 501. After the rolling elements 301, 302, 303, 304 in the left and right rows in the axial direction wear due to fatigue, the inner ball rolling surfaces 123, 124 and the outer ball rolling surfaces 206 perform sliding motions. On the other hand, the original bearing rolling friction is changed into the rolling and sliding friction of the combined bearing 1 and/or the precession bearing 1. Through the change, firstly, the gap is accurately controlled, and meanwhile, a certain pretightening force can be applied to achieve the aim of no gap, so that the movement precision is improved; and secondly, rolling friction and sliding friction are combined, so that the coefficient of the rolling friction can be effectively reduced, the service life of the bearing is prolonged, and particularly the service life of the bearing under the conditions of heavy load and high speed is prolonged.
Secondly, sliding and rolling are simultaneously moved, fig. 1 to 7 are assembled as above, and the diameters of the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 of the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 may be set to be the same as the annular spherical inner and outer diameters of the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 (the diameter of each ball of the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 is equal to the distance from the inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 to the outer ball raceway surface 206). The diameters of the inner ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 of the second step of the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 are the same, the outer bearing ring 100, the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 and the inner bearing ring 200 are concentric, and a pretightening force is applied to eight opposite fixing screws 51 of the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102, so that the elastic pad has a certain moment, and the outer bearing ring 100, the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303 and 304 and the inner bearing ring 200 are fixed to slide and roll integrally and move simultaneously.
Second embodiment
Fig. 8 and 9 show a precession bearing 2 according to the present invention.
The advancing bearing 2 is applied to general machinery, such as the fields of underground drilling, plunger pumps, internal combustion engines, electric tools, wind power equipment, helicopter rotor wing mechanisms, mechanical arm joints and the like.
According to fig. 8 and 9, a propeller bearing 2 as a second embodiment of the bearing includes an outer bearing ring 100 and an inner bearing ring 200 coaxial with the outer bearing ring 100, and is implemented as rolling elements in ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 such that at least two rows of first balls 301 and 302 are arranged on the left and right sides across a radial line of a center of a ball in a radial direction, and two rows of second balls 303 and 304 on the left and right sides of annular stopper portions 133 and 134 of third steps 131 and 132 are arranged in the axial direction, and retainers 401, 402, 403, and 404.
The inner bearing ring 200 is formed in a ring shape, an outer ball raceway surface 206 is formed on an outer spherical surface thereof, and a plurality of blind holes for retaining a solid lubricant are formed in the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 2;
the central axes of the thrust angular contact conical raceway surface 203 and the ring plane raceway surface 204 on the left and right side surfaces of the shaft of the inner bearing ring 200 are further arranged obliquely with respect to the axis of the drive shaft, and the conical bottom surface of the oblique thrust angular contact conical raceway surface 203 and the oblique ring plane raceway surface 204 are arranged in parallel; the axial left inclined thrust angular contact conical rolling surface 203 of the inner bearing ring 200 is the same as the taper angle of the annular limiting part thrust angular contact conical rolling surface 134 of the third step 132 of the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100;
the distances (spaces) from the third steps 131 and 132 and the annular limiting parts 133 and 134 of the three steps of the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the left and right side surfaces 203 and 204 of the shaft of the inner bearing ring 200 are provided with two rows of second balls 303 and 304,
the left row of second balls 303 is shown to be tangent to the ring-plane raceway surface 133 of the left outer ring 101 and the tapered ring raceway surface 203 of the inner bearing ring 200 inclined toward the left side, the right row of second balls 304 is shown to be tangent to the tapered ring raceway surface 134 of the right outer ring 102 and the tapered ring plane raceway surface 204 of the inner bearing ring 200 inclined toward the right side, the left row of second balls 303 can be guided for rolling movement between the tapered ring raceway surface 203 and the ring-plane raceway surface 133, and the right row of second balls 304 can be guided for rolling movement between the tapered ring raceway surface 134 and the tapered ring plane raceway surface 204.
The outer bearing ring 100 forms a three-stage step with L-shaped cross sections which are split into a left outer ring 101 and a right outer ring 102 which are in cover ring shapes; the outer diameter of the outer ring on one side of the combined left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 is smaller than that of the outer ring on the other side, or the outer diameters of the outer rings on both sides of the combined left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 are the same; first steps 111 and 112 of the three steps of the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 are combined to form a ring-ball shaped space having an inner cavity with an inner diameter size larger than the outer diameter size of the inner bearing ring 200, and the first steps 111 and 112 are formed into ball-ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 in the ring-ball shaped space; the second steps 121, 122 of the left and right outer bearing rings 101, 102 are formed into inner spherical shapes having the same inner diameter dimension as the outer diameter dimension of the inner bearing ring 200, and the second steps 121, 122 are formed into inner spherical raceway surfaces 123, 124 at the inner spherical end portions thereof; axial inner side walls of third steps 131 and 132 of left and right hemispherical outer rings 101 and 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 are formed into annular limiting parts 133 and 134, and provided with plane raceways 133 and conical raceways 134, axial outer side faces of the third steps 131 and 132 are formed into annular planes 135 and 136, the peripheries of the annular planes 135 and 136 are provided with eight staggered bolt counter bores 500, and the annular planes 135 and 136 pass through axial side walls 115 and 116 of the first steps 111 and 112 to opposite faces; the third steps 131 and 132 and the second and first steps 121, 122, 111 and 112 of the left and right hemispherical outer rings 101 and 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 form a connected annular step of a cover, the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 and the inner ring ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 are upper and lower raceways of a spherical surface, and the axial inner side walls of the annular limiting parts 133 and 134 are provided with a plane raceway 133 and a conical raceway 134; the axial left and right end faces 115, 116 of the first steps 111, 112 of the combination of the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 are on or offset from the spherical center ray in the radial direction; the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 are arranged on the same center of sphere through ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114; the first balls 301 and 302 and the second balls 303 and 304 are rollably arranged between the outer ball raceway surface 206 and the axial conical raceway 203 of the inner bearing ring 200, between the flat raceway 204 and the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 of the outer bearing ring 100, and between the axial right and left side annular stopper portion flat raceway 133 and the conical raceway 134, in a state where the first balls 301 and 302 and the second balls 303 and 304 are axially distributed and held at intervals by the retainers 401, 402, 403, and 404.
The spherical centers of the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114, the ring inner ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 of the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 coincide, a plurality of blind holes for retaining solid lubricant are formed in the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200, and the ring inner ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 of the second steps 121 and 122 of the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 are in contact sliding friction fit.
A space for accommodating a plurality of rows of first balls 301 and 302 is provided between the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 of the combination of the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200. The ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 can contain a plurality of rows of first balls 301 and 302 and enable the first balls to roll in a contact manner at the middle points of the two spherical raceways 113, 114 and 206, in order to keep the relative positions of the plurality of rows of first balls 301 and 302, retainers 401 and 402 of radial ring spherical surfaces are added, the retainers 401 and 402 are matched with the left outer bearing ring 101 and the right outer bearing ring 102 to ensure that the axial ring spherical surfaces of the two rows of first balls 301 and 302 are uniformly distributed at intervals, and the relative positions of the balls of each row of balls 301 and 302 can be ensured not to change in the rolling process; the retainers 401 and 402 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene retainers which have a certain self-lubricating function and can lubricate the balls, the retainers 401 and 402 are made of spherical ring structures, pockets for accommodating steel balls are uniformly distributed on the spherical ring structures, and the pockets of each row of retainers 401 and 402 are deviated from the outer spherical raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 relative to each row of balls 301 and 302.
The distance between the side walls 125 and 126 of the second steps 121 and 122 of the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 enables the two rows of first balls 301 and 302 to freely rotate in the space in the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114, when the angular deflection is large, the two rows of balls 301 and 302 contact the axial side walls 125 and 126, meanwhile, the pockets of the retainers 401 and 402 are deviated to the inner bearing ring 200 relative to the two rows of balls 301 and 302, and when the rotation angle of the inner bearing ring 200 of the precession bearing 2 deviates from the two rows of balls 301 and 302, the pockets of the retainers 401 and 402 can be matched with the outer bearing ring 100 to keep the relative position of each ball unchanged.
Assembly method one, the precession bearing 2 is assembled in operable order: the right outer ring 102 with the small outer diameter of the outer bearing ring 100 is horizontally placed on a workbench, a row of second balls 304 on the right side in the axial assembling step are horizontally placed in a circular limiting part conical raceway 134 on the inner side wall of a third step 132 of the right outer ring 102 with the small outer diameter, a row of first balls 302 on the right side in a ball ring inner cavity raceway surface 114 are assembled in the third step, the right side of the inner bearing ring 200 is assembled in two rows of rolling bodies 304 and 302 in the right outer ring 102 in the fourth step, a T-shaped round rod penetrates through a mandrel of the inner bearing ring 200 in the fifth step, the assembled half of the right outer ring 102, the two rows of rolling bodies 304 and 302 and the assembly of the inner ring 200 are reversely buckled in the other half of the assembled left outer ring 101 and two rows of rolling bodies 303 and 301 assemblies with the large outer diameter, and finally the left and right outer rings 101 and 102 are connected through bolts 501 for pre-tightening and fixing.
The distance between the inner side wall annular limiting parts 133 and 134 of the third steps 131 and 132 of the left and right outer rings 101 and 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 and the axial left and right side surfaces 203 and 204 of the inner bearing ring 200 of the precession bearing 2 can contain two rows of second balls 303 and 304, each of the two rows of second balls 303 and 304 is tangent to the left and right inner side wall annular limiting parts 133 and 134 and the axial left and right side surfaces 203 and 204 of the inner ring 200 and rolls on the conical raceways and the planar raceways 133, 203, 134 and 204, the left row of balls 303 is controlled by the annular planar rolling surface 133 of the left outer ring 101 to be relatively parallel, the central axis of the left row of balls 303 is relatively inclined with the rotation axis of the inner ring 200, the central axis when the left row of balls 303 rolls is not parallel with the central axis of the outer ring 100, and the central axis of the left row of balls 303 rolls to move in an elliptic shape with the central axis of the outer ring 100, the right row of balls 304 are controlled to be relatively parallel by the inclined annular plane rolling surface 204 on the right side of the axial direction of the inner ring 200, the central axis of the right row of balls 304 is relatively inclined with respect to the central axis of the outer ring 100, the central axis of the right row of balls 304 when rolling is parallel to and does not coincide with the rotation axis of the inner ring 200, and simultaneously the central axis of the right row of balls 304 rolls to move in an elliptical shape with the central axis of the inner ring 200, the left and right rows of second balls 303 and 304 roll in an inertia space orbit with respect to each other on the tapered raceway surfaces 203 and 134, thereby further limiting the inner ring 200 of the precession bearing 2 of the second embodiment to rotate and drive the outer ring 100 to do torsional linear reciprocating motion, and the central axes of the inner and outer rings 200 and 100 relatively move at an angle H as shown in fig. 9. When the inner ring rotates at a high speed, if an external force is applied, the relative movement angle of the central axes of the inner ring 200 and the outer ring 100 is larger than H degrees.
The second assembling method is that the advancing bearing 2 is assembled according to the operable sequence: the right outer ring 102 with the small outer diameter of the outer bearing ring 100 is flatly placed on a workbench, a row of second balls 304 on the right side in the axial direction are obliquely placed in an annular limiting part conical raceway 134 on the inner side wall of a third step 132 of the right outer ring 102 with the small outer diameter in a second step, a row of first balls 302 and second balls 304 on the right side in an inner cavity raceway surface 114 of an assembly ball ring in a third step are obliquely and correspondingly placed, the right side of an inner bearing ring 200 is assembled in the right outer ring 102 and in two rows of oblique rolling bodies 304 and 302 in a fourth step, a T-shaped round rod penetrates through a mandrel of the inner bearing ring 200, half of the assembled right outer ring 102, two rows of rolling bodies 304 and 302 and an inner ring 200 are reversely buckled in the other half of assembled left outer ring 101 with the large outer diameter, one row of rolling bodies 303 and one row of oblique rolling bodies 301, and finally the left and right outer rings 101 and 102 are connected and fixed in a pre-tightening mode through bolts 501.
The distance from the inner side wall annular limiting parts 133, 134 of the third steps 131, 132 of the left and right outer rings 101, 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the axial left and right side surfaces 203, 204 of the inner bearing ring 200 of the progressive bearing 2 can accommodate two rows of second balls 303, 304, each of the two rows of second balls 303, 304 is tangent to the left and right inner side wall annular limiting parts 133, 134 and the axial left and right side surfaces 203, 204 of the inner ring 200 and rolls on the conical raceways and the planar raceways 133, 203, 134, 204, the rotation axis of the inner ring 200 is inclined relative to the rotation axis of the outer ring 100, when the inner ring 200 rotates to further limit the progressive reciprocating motion of the outer ring 100 of the progressive bearing 2 of the second embodiment at an angle H, that is, when installed, the left and right rows of balls 303, 304 are splayed relative to each other, the left row of balls 303 is controlled to be parallel to the annular planar rolling surface 133 of the left outer ring 101, the central axis of the left row of balls 303 inclines relative to the rotational axis of the inner ring 200, the rotational axis of the left row of balls 303 when rolling is not parallel to the central axis of the outer ring 100, the central axis of the left row of balls 303 when rolling moves in an elliptical shape with the central axis of the outer ring 100, the central axis of the right row of balls 304 is controlled to be parallel by the inclined annular planar rolling surface 204 on the right side of the inner ring 200 in the axial direction, the central axis of the right row of balls 304 when rolling is inclined relative to the central axis of the outer ring 100, the central axis of the right row of balls 304 when rolling is not parallel to the rotational axis of the inner ring 200, the central axis of the right row of balls 304 moves in an elliptical shape with the central axis of the inner ring 200, each row of balls 303, 304 is tangent to the conical raceways 203, 134 and the planar raceways 133, 204, the inner ring 200 is inclined relative to the central axis of the outer ring 100, namely the planar raceway 204 of the inner ring 200 is not parallel to the planar raceway 133 of the outer ring 100, the left and right rows of second balls 303, 304 roll relatively obliquely on the tapered raceway surfaces 203, 134 with an inertia space orbit, and when the inner ring 200 rotates relative to the outer ring 100, the left and right rows of balls 303, 304 which are relatively inclined drive the outer ring 100 to make a swinging reciprocating motion, that is, a so-called precession reciprocating motion. When the inner ring 200 rotates at a high speed, if an external force is applied, the angle which can drive the central axes of the inner ring 200 and the outer ring 100 to move relatively changes at any time, and the size of the angle changes at any time.
For example, the outer ring rotary and reciprocating motion drives the inner ring to rotate, and the device can be applied to general machinery for driving.
According to different designs, the advancing bearing 2 has two modes of rolling motion and sliding motion: first, rolling → rolling plus sliding, fig. 9 is assembled as above with the inside ball raceway surfaces 123, 124 of the opposing second steps 121, 122 of the left and right outer rings 101, 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 passing through the center of the sphere by a diameter equal to the diameter of the outside ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200; the first balls 301 and 302 in each left and right row of the radial extension line on the sphere center are axially arranged in a left and right opposite mode, the diameter of each ball of the first balls 301 and 302 in each left and right opposite row is larger than the distance from the inner cavity raceway surface 113 and 114 of the ball ring to the outer ball raceway surface 206, and the value of the diameter is larger than the data range and is 0.002 mm-0.003 mm. Then, according to the axial clearance between the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102, the fixing screw 501 applies a pre-tightening force to adjust the moment of the elastic cushion, so that the purpose of accurately adjusting the clearance between the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 and the inner ball race surfaces 123 and 124 of the ball ring and the outer ball race surface 206 can be achieved. When the outer bearing ring 100, the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303, 304 and the inner bearing ring 200 are in fatigue wear and tear in motion, the diameters of the three are changed, the outer diameter of the left outer ring 101 of the hemisphere outer ring of the combination of the outer bearing ring 100 is larger than the outer diameter of the right outer ring 102, through the flexible combination of the hemisphere outer ring, the hemisphere outer ring 101 with the large outer diameter is in interference fit with the bearing box, the hemisphere outer ring 102 with the small outer diameter is automatically and flexibly pre-tightened, the elastic pad on the head of the fixing bolt 501 has elastic force to enable the outer bearing ring 100, the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303, 304 and the inner bearing ring 200 to be fixed together all the time. Through the adjustment, the original spherical contact is changed into the rolling contact of the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303 and 304, and on one hand, the gaps between the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303 and 304 and the inner bearing ring 200, the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 can be adjusted automatically through the moment of the pretightening force of the elastic pads of the fixing screws 501. After the rolling elements 301, 302, 303, 304 in the left and right rows in the axial direction wear due to fatigue, the inner ball rolling surfaces 123, 124 and the outer ball rolling surfaces 206 perform sliding motions. On the other hand, the original bearing rolling friction is changed into the rolling and sliding friction of the dynamic bearing 2. Through the change, firstly, the gap is accurately controlled, and meanwhile, a certain pretightening force can be applied to achieve the aim of no gap, so that the movement precision is improved; and secondly, rolling friction and sliding friction are combined, so that the coefficient of the rolling friction can be effectively reduced, the service life of the bearing is prolonged, and particularly the service life of the bearing under the conditions of heavy load and high speed is prolonged.
Secondly, sliding and rolling are simultaneously moved, fig. 8 and fig. 9 are assembled as above, and the diameters of the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 of the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 may be set to be the same as the annular spherical inner and outer diameters of the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 (the diameter of each ball of the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 is equal to the distance from the inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 to the outer ball raceway surface 206). The diameters of the inner ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 of the second step of the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 are the same, the outer bearing ring 100, the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 and the inner bearing ring 200 are concentric, and a pretightening force is applied to eight opposite fixing screws 51 of the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102, so that the elastic pad has a certain moment, and the outer bearing ring 100, the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303 and 304 and the inner bearing ring 200 are fixed to slide and roll integrally and move simultaneously.
Third embodiment
As shown in fig. 10 to 12 and fig. 20a to 20h, the present invention relates to a precession bearing 3.
The advancing bearing 3 is applied to general machinery and vehicles, such as the fields of underground drilling, plunger pumps, internal combustion engines, electric tools, wind power equipment, helicopter rotor wing mechanisms, mechanical arm joints and the like.
The propeller bearing 3 according to the third embodiment shown in fig. 10 to 12 and 20a to 20h includes an outer bearing ring 100 and an inner bearing ring 200 coaxial with the outer bearing ring 100, and the rolling elements can be formed in the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 as at least two rows of first balls 301 and 302 arranged on the left and right sides across the center line in the radial direction, and two rows of third annular slope balls 305 and 306 arranged on the left and right sides of the annular stopper portions 133 and 134 of the third steps 131 and 132 in the axial direction, and retainers 401, 402, 405 and 406.
The inner bearing ring 200 is formed in an annular shape, and has an outer ball raceway surface 206 formed on its outer spherical surface, a plurality of blind holes for retaining a solid lubricant are formed in the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 2, a thrust angular contact tapered raceway surface 201 is formed on its axial left side surface, a ring plane raceway 202 is formed on its axial right side surface, and a plurality of blind holes for retaining a solid lubricant are formed in its thrust angular contact tapered raceway surface 201 and ring plane raceway 202.
The outer bearing ring 100 forms a three-stage step with L-shaped cross sections which are split into a left outer ring 101 and a right outer ring 102 which are in cover ring shapes; the outer diameter of the outer ring on one side of the combined left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 is smaller than that of the outer ring on the other side, or the outer diameters of the outer rings on both sides of the combined left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 are the same; first steps 111 and 112 of the three steps of the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 are combined to form a ring-ball shaped space having an inner cavity with an inner diameter size larger than the outer diameter size of the inner bearing ring 200, and the first steps 111 and 112 are formed into ball-ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 in the ring-ball shaped space; the second steps 121, 122 of the left and right outer bearing rings 101, 102 are formed into inner spherical shapes having the same inner diameter dimension as the outer diameter dimension of the inner bearing ring 200, and the second steps 121, 122 are formed into inner spherical raceway surfaces 123, 124 at the inner spherical end portions thereof; axial inner side walls of third steps 131 and 132 of left and right hemispherical outer rings 101 and 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 are formed into annular limiting parts 133 and 134, provided with plane raceways 133 and thrust angular contact conical raceways 134, axial outer side faces of the third steps 131 and 132 are formed into circular ring planes 135 and 136, the peripheries of the circular ring planes 135 and 136 are provided with eight staggered bolt counter bores 500, and the circular ring planes 135 and 136 pass through the axial side walls 115 and 116 of the first steps 111 and 112 to opposite faces; the third steps 131 and 132 and the second and first steps 121, 122, 111 and 112 of the left and right hemispherical outer rings 101 and 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 form a connected annular step of a cover, the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 and the inner ring ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 are upper and lower raceways of a spherical surface, and the axial inner side walls of the annular limiting parts 133 and 134 are provided with a plane raceway 133 and a conical raceway 134; the axial left and right end faces 115, 116 of the first steps 111, 112 of the combination of the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 are on or offset from the spherical center ray in the radial direction; the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 are arranged on the same center of sphere through ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114; the first balls 301, 302 and the third balls 305, 306 are arranged rollably between the outer ball raceway surface 206 and the axial conical raceway 201 of the inner bearing ring 200, between the flat raceway 202 and the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113, 114 of the outer bearing ring 100, and between the axial right and left side annular stopper portion flat raceway 133 and the conical raceway 134 in a state where the first balls 301, 302 and the third balls 305, 306 are axially spaced apart from each other by the retainers 401, 402, 405, 406.
The spherical centers of the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114, the ring inner ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 of the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 coincide, a plurality of blind holes for retaining solid lubricant are formed in the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200, and the ring inner ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 of the second steps 121 and 122 of the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 are in contact sliding friction fit.
A space for accommodating a plurality of rows of first balls 301 and 302 is provided between the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 of the combination of the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200. The ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 can contain a plurality of rows of first balls 301 and 302 and enable the first balls to contact and roll at the middle points of two spherical raceways, retainers 401 and 402 of a radial ring spherical surface are added for keeping the relative positions of the plurality of rows of first balls 301 and 302, the retainers 401 and 402 are matched with the left outer bearing ring 101 and the right outer bearing ring 102 to ensure that the axial ring spherical surfaces of the two rows of first balls 301 and 302 are uniformly distributed at intervals, and the relative positions of the balls of each row of balls 301 and 302 can be ensured not to change in the rolling process; the retainers 401 and 402 are made of polytetrafluoroethylene retainers which have a certain self-lubricating function and can lubricate the balls, the retainers 401 and 402 are made of spherical ring structures, pockets for accommodating steel balls are uniformly distributed on the spherical ring structures, and the pockets of each row of retainers 401 and 402 are deviated from the outer spherical raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 relative to each row of balls 301 and 302.
The distance of the side walls 125 and 126 of the opposite second steps 121 and 122 of the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 is set, so that two rows of first balls 301 and 302 can freely rotate in the space in the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114, when the angular deflection is large, the two rows of balls 301 and 302 can be contacted with the axial side walls 125 and 126 by the retainers 401 and 402, meanwhile, the pockets of the retainers 401 and 402 are deviated to the inner bearing ring 200 relative to the two rows of balls 301 and 302, and when the rotation angle of the inner bearing ring 200 of the precession bearing 3 is deviated from the left and right rows of balls 301 and 302, the pockets of the retainers 401 and 402 can be matched with the outer bearing ring 100 to keep the relative positions of the balls unchanged; the distance from the third step 131, 132 of the left and right outer rings 101, 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the inner side wall annular limiting parts 133, 134 of the left and right outer rings 101, 102 in the axial direction of the inner bearing ring 200 can contain two rows of third annular slope balls 305, 306, the two rows of third slope balls 305, 306 configured from the annular limiting parts 133, 134 to the left and right side surfaces 201, 202 in the axial direction of the inner ring 200 are formed to be distributed at intervals from the large-diameter balls 308 to the small-diameter balls 307 of the third annular slope balls 305, 306, and the balls with different diameters of the third annular slope balls 305, 306 are opposite to each other in a straight line and are held by the pockets with different sizes of the axial retainers 405, 406; the small diameter ball 307 of the left row of balls 305 of the third annular slope balls 305, 306 is arranged relative to the large diameter ball 308 of the right row of balls 306, each ball of the left and right rows of third annular slope balls 305, 306 is tangent to the left and right inner side wall annular limiting parts 133, 134 of the outer ring 100 and the left and right side surfaces 201, 202 of the inner ring 200, and the gradient of the third annular slope balls 305, 306 is 3-15 degrees; the left row of annular ramp balls 305 is shown to be the same grade and axial diameter as the right row of annular ramp balls 305;
as shown in fig. 20a to 20h, two rows of third annular slope balls 305, 306 roll between the inner and outer races 201, 202, 133, 134 of the inner and outer races 200, 100, the left row of balls 305 is controlled by the annular plane rolling surface 133 of the left and outer races 101 to be relatively parallel to the left row of balls 305, the central axis of the left row of balls 305 is controlled by the rotation axis of the inner race 200 to be relatively inclined, the central axis of the left row of balls 305 when rolling is not parallel to the central axis of the outer race 100, and the central axis of the left row of balls 305 rolls around the central axis of the outer race 100 in a circular motion, the right row of balls 306 is controlled by the annular plane rolling surface 202 on the right side of the inner race 200 to be relatively parallel to the left row of balls 306, the central axis of the right row of balls 306 is inclined to the central axis of the outer race 100, the central axis of the right row of balls 306 when rolling is not parallel to the rotation axis of the inner race 200, and the central axis of the right row of balls 306 rolls around the central axis of the inner race 200 in a circular motion, as shown in fig. 20a to 20h, the rotation axis of the inner ring 200 rotates in the Z-axis to drive the outer ring 100 to precess (revolve) and as can be seen from fig. 20a to 20h, the precessed outer ring 100 revolves according to the two rows of the third annular slope balls 305, 306, which is active precession, no external force is applied, and the central axes of the inner and outer rings 200, 100 relatively move at an angle K as shown in fig. 11. When the inner ring rotates at a high speed, if an external force is applied, the relative movement angle of the central axes of the inner ring 200 and the outer ring 100 is larger than K degrees, and the left and right rows of third annular slope balls 305 and 306 roll relatively obliquely in an inertia space orbit on the tapered raceway surfaces 201 and 134.
The movable bearing 3 is assembled according to the operational sequence that the right outer ring 102 with small outer diameter of the outer bearing ring 100 is flatly placed on a workbench, the right column of third annular slope ball 306 in the axial direction of the second step is horizontally placed in the annular limiting part conical raceway 134 on the inner side wall of the third step 132 of the right outer ring 102 with small outer diameter, the right column of first ball 302 in the ball ring inner cavity raceway surface 114 of the third step is assembled, the right side annular plane raceway surface 202 of the inner bearing ring 200 of the fourth step is placed in the two columns of rolling bodies 306 and 302 in the right outer ring 102, the fifth step is that a T-shaped round rod penetrates through the mandrel of the inner bearing ring 200, the assembled half of the right outer ring 102, the two columns of rolling bodies 306 and 302 and the inner ring 200 are reversely buckled in the assembled half of the assembled left outer ring 101 with large outer diameter and two columns of rolling bodies and 301, and finally the left and right outer rings 101 and 102 are connected and pre-tightened and fixed by bolts 501.
The further distance from the inner side wall annular limiting parts 133 and 134 of the third steps 131 and 132 of the left and right outer rings 101 and 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the axial left and right side surfaces 201 and 202 of the inner bearing ring 200 of the precession bearing 3 can accommodate two rows of third annular ramp balls 305 and 306, each of the left and right rows of third annular ramp balls 305 and 306 is tangent to the left and right inner side wall annular limiting parts 133 and 134 and the axial left and right side surfaces 201 and 202 of the inner ring 200, and circularly rolls on the conical raceways and the planar raceways 133, 201, 134 and 202, further limits the rotation of the inner ring of the precession bearing 3 of the third embodiment, and the opposite rotational motions of the two rows of annular ramp balls 305 and 306 drive the outer ring 100 to make 360-degree precession motion, that is also known as cycloidal motion. Or conversely, the precession motion of the outer ring 100 drives the rotation motion of the inner ring 200, which can be applied to a swash plate engine.
The advancing bearing 3 has two modes of rolling motion and sliding motion according to different designs: first, rolling → rolling plus sliding, fig. 10 to 12 are assembled in the above manner, with the diameters of the in-ring ball raceway surfaces 123, 124 of the opposing second steps 121, 122 of the left and right outer rings 101, 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 passing through the center of the sphere being equal to the diameter of the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200; the first balls 301 and 302 in each left and right row of the radial extension line on the sphere center are axially arranged in a left and right opposite mode, the diameter of each ball of the first balls 301 and 302 in each left and right opposite row is larger than the distance from the inner cavity raceway surface 113 and 114 of the ball ring to the outer ball raceway surface 206, and the value of the diameter is larger than the data range and is 0.002 mm-0.003 mm. Then, according to the axial clearance between the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102, the fixing screw 501 applies a pre-tightening force to adjust the moment of the elastic cushion, so that the purpose of accurately adjusting the clearance between the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 and the inner ball race surfaces 123 and 124 of the ball ring and the outer ball race surface 206 can be achieved. When the outer bearing ring 100, the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303, 304 and the inner bearing ring 200 are in fatigue wear and tear in motion, the diameters of the three are changed, the outer diameter of the left outer ring 101 of the hemisphere outer ring of the combination of the outer bearing ring 100 is larger than the outer diameter of the right outer ring 102, through the flexible combination of the hemisphere outer ring, the hemisphere outer ring 101 with the large outer diameter is in interference fit with the bearing box, the hemisphere outer ring 102 with the small outer diameter is automatically and flexibly pre-tightened, the elastic pad on the head of the fixing bolt 501 has elastic force to enable the outer bearing ring 100, the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303, 304 and the inner bearing ring 200 to be fixed together all the time. Through the adjustment, the original spherical contact is changed into the rolling contact of the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303 and 304, and on one hand, the gaps between the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303 and 304 and the inner bearing ring 200, the left outer ring 101 and the right outer ring 102 can be adjusted automatically through the moment of the pretightening force of the elastic pads of the fixing screws 501. After the rolling elements 301, 302, 303, 304 in the left and right rows in the axial direction wear due to fatigue, the inner ball rolling surfaces 123, 124 and the outer ball rolling surfaces 206 perform sliding motions. On the other hand, the original bearing rolling friction is changed into the rolling and sliding friction of the dynamic bearing 3. Through the change, firstly, the gap is accurately controlled, and meanwhile, a certain pretightening force can be applied to achieve the aim of no gap, so that the movement precision is improved; and secondly, rolling friction and sliding friction are combined, so that the coefficient of the rolling friction can be effectively reduced, the service life of the bearing is prolonged, and particularly the service life of the bearing under the conditions of heavy load and high speed is prolonged.
Secondly, sliding and rolling are simultaneously moved, fig. 10 to 12 are assembled as above, and the diameters of the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 of the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 may be set to be the same as the annular spherical inner and outer diameters of the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 (the diameter of each of the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 is equal to the distance from the inner cavity raceway surfaces 113 and 114 to the outer ball raceway surface 206). The diameters of the inner ball raceway surfaces 123 and 124 of the second step of the outer bearing ring 100 and the outer ball raceway surface 206 of the inner bearing ring 200 are the same, the outer bearing ring 100, the left and right rows of first balls 301 and 302 and the inner bearing ring 200 are concentric, and a pretightening force is applied to eight opposite fixing screws 51 of the left and right outer bearing rings 101 and 102, so that the elastic pad has a certain moment, and the outer bearing ring 100, the multiple rows of rolling bodies 301, 302, 303 and 304 and the inner bearing ring 200 are fixed to slide and roll integrally and move simultaneously.
Seventh embodiment
As shown in fig. 21, the present invention relates to a precession bearing 6.
The precession bearing 6 is applied to general machinery and vehicles, such as the fields of underground drilling, plunger pumps, internal combustion engines, electric tools, wind power equipment, helicopter rotor wing mechanisms, mechanical arm joints and the like.
Fig. 21 shows a seventh embodiment of the invention, described in detail below, with features interchanged and referenced according to the first embodiment.
According to the characteristic changes of fig. 1 to 7 and the reference of the specific embodiment of the propeller bearing 1 of the first embodiment, the raceway of the third step 131 of the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 shown in the characteristic fig. 21 of the seventh embodiment is provided as the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 139, and the axial left side surface of the inner bearing ring 200 is provided as the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 222, and the other characteristics are the same and the reference is made.
The precession bearing 6 feature of the seventh embodiment may be referred to in terms of the features of the second embodiment and the detailed description, omitting the drawings, and further providing that the central axes of the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces and the ring plane raceway surfaces of the left and right side surfaces of the shaft of the inner bearing ring 200 are obliquely arranged with respect to the axis of the drive shaft, the oblique thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces and the oblique ring plane raceway surfaces being arranged in parallel; the axial left inclined thrust angular contact annular spherical rolling surface of the inner bearing ring 200 is the same as the spherical radius of the thrust angular contact annular spherical rolling surface 139 of the third step 132 annular limiting part of the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100, and other characteristics are the same and cited.
The precession bearing 6 of the seventh embodiment may be obtained by referring to the features of the third embodiment and the detailed description, omitting the drawings, further providing the distance (space) from the third step annular limiting part of the three steps of the left and right outer rings to the left and right sides of the inner ring shaft, providing two rows of third annular slope balls 305, 306, the two rows of third annular slope balls 305, 306 of the third arrangement being spaced from the small diameter balls 307 to the large diameter balls 308, the balls arranged from the large diameter row to the small diameter being held by the axial cages 405, 406, the pockets of the cages 405, 406 being arranged from the large diameter row to the small diameter relative to the diameter of the balls, the balls of each different diameter of the two rows of third annular slope balls 305, 306 being two balls relatively identical on a straight line;
the slope of the two rows of third annular ramp balls 305, 306 is shown to be 3 ° to 15 °;
the left row of annular ramp balls 305 is shown as having the same slope and the same axial diameter as the right row of annular ramp balls 305, with the smaller diameter balls 307 of the left row of annular ramp balls 305 paired with the larger diameter balls 308 of the right row of annular ramp balls 306;
the left annular ramp ball row 305 is tangent to the annular planar raceway surface of the left outer ring and the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the left side surface of the inner race shaft, the right annular ramp ball row 306 is tangent to the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the right outer ring and the annular planar raceway surface of the right side surface of the inner race shaft, and the three annular ramp ball rows 305, 306 can be guided to roll between the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces and the planar raceway surfaces.
Fourth embodiment
As shown in fig. 13 to 17, the invention relates to a precession bearing gyro 4.
Fig. 13 to 17 show a fourth embodiment of the invention according to the first, seventh and third embodiment in an interchangeable combination of features and reference, as described in detail below.
According to the characteristic changes of fig. 1 to 7 and the reference of the specific implementation manner of the first embodiment precession bearing 1, the fourth embodiment is characterized in that the left outer ring 108 of the outer ring 100 shown in fig. 13 to 17 is provided in a circular cap shape, the inner part of the left outer side of the circular cap-shaped left outer ring 108 is provided with three steps extending inwards, the third step 131 of the three steps of the circular cap shape 108 extends to form an axial left side surface 205 which separates and entirely covers the inner bearing ring 200, the axial inner side wall of the third step 131 is formed as a circular plane stopper 133, the circular plane stopper 133 is formed as a plane raceway surface 133, the middle part of the axial outer side surface of the third step 131 is provided with an axially protruding cone 109, the cone angle of the cone 109 is 100 ° to 178 °, the outer periphery of the axial outer side surface of the third step 131 is provided with an axial annular plane 135, the annular plane 135 is provided with eight fixed counterbores 500, the illustrated fixed counterbore 500 passes from the annular flat 135 through the axial sidewall 115 of the first step 111 to the opposite face;
features of the fourth embodiment the inner bearing ring 200 shown in fig. 13-17 is arranged in a T-shape turned 90 degrees counterclockwise towards the axis of rotation, with a concave thrust angular contact conical raceway surface 205 formed on the axial left side of the T-shape, with an annular flat raceway surface 202 formed on the shaft right side and a rod end 208 formed in the middle; and/or the inner bearing ring 200 referring to the inner bearing ring 200 of the first embodiment is provided in a circular ring shape, an axial left side surface of which is formed as a concave thrust angular contact tapered raceway surface 201, and an axial right side surface of which is formed as a circular flat raceway surface 202, and an axial center of which is provided as a through hole.
The following description will discuss in detail the relationship between the second rolling element-provided balls 303 and 304 and the third rolling element-provided balls 305 and 306, which are axially shifted between the circular shape and the T-shape of the inner race 200, according to the fourth embodiment.
In the first method, the inner ring 200 is in a T shape, in the first method, two rows of second balls 303 and 304 are adopted, and two rows of second balls 303 and 304 are arranged at the distance (space) from the third step 131 and 132 annular limiting parts 133 and 134 with three steps of the left step 108 and the right step 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 shown in fig. 13 to 17 to the axial left side surface 205 and the axial right side surface 202 of the inner bearing ring 200;
the left row of balls 303 is shown tangent to the circular planar raceway surface 133 of the left outer ring 108 and the conical raceway surface 205 of the left-hand side of the inner bearing ring 200, the right row of balls 304 is shown tangent to the conical raceway surface 134 of the right outer ring 102 and the annular planar raceway surface 202 of the right-hand side of the inner bearing ring 200, and the second set of two rows of balls 303, 304 can be guided for rolling movement between the conical raceway surfaces 205, 134 and the planar raceway surfaces 133, 202.
The inner ring 200 adopts a T-shaped method I, adopts a method II of adopting two rows of third balls 305 and 306, omits the drawing, and arranges two rows of third balls 305 and 306 in the distance (space) from the third step 131 and 132 annular limiting parts 133 and 134 of the three steps of the left outer ring 108 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the axial left side surface 205 and the axial right side surface 202 of the inner bearing ring 200;
the left-hand row of third balls 305 is shown tangent to the circular planar raceway surface 133 of the left outer ring 108 and the circular planar raceway surface 205 on the left-hand side of the inner bearing ring 200, the right-hand row of third balls 306 is shown tangent to the circular planar raceway surface 134 of the right outer ring 102 and the circular planar raceway surface 202 on the right-hand side of the inner bearing ring 200, and the third-hand row of balls 305, 306 can be guided for rolling movement between the circular planar raceway surfaces 205, 134 and the planar raceway surfaces 133, 202. Precessional motion refers to the precessional flow chart of fig. 20 a-20 b.
The inner ring 200 in the second method is annular, the second balls 303 and 304 in the first method are two rows, which are omitted, and the two rows of the second balls 303 and 304 are arranged in the distance (space) from the third step 131 and 132 annular limiting part 133 and 134 of the three steps of the left outer ring 108 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the axial left side surface 201 and the axial right side surface 202 of the inner bearing ring 200;
the left-hand row of second balls 303 is shown as being tangent to the circular planar raceway surface 133 of the left outer ring 108 and the conical raceway surface 201 on the left-hand side of the inner bearing ring 200, the right-hand row of balls 304 is shown as being tangent to the conical raceway surface 134 of the right outer ring 102 and the annular planar raceway surface 202 on the right-hand side of the inner bearing ring 200, and the second two rows of balls 303, 304 can be guided for rolling movement between the conical raceway surfaces 201, 134 and the planar raceway surfaces 133, 202.
The inner ring 200 adopts a second annular method, and adopts a second method of adopting two rows of third balls 305 and 306, which is not shown in the figure, and the distances (spaces) from the third step 131 and 132 annular limiting parts 133 and 134 of the three steps of the left outer ring 108 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the axial left side surface 201 and the axial right side surface 202 of the inner bearing ring 200 are provided with the two rows of third balls 305 and 306;
the left row of balls 305 is shown tangent to the circular planar raceway surface 133 of the left outer ring 108 and the circular planar raceway surface 201 of the left-hand side of the inner bearing ring 200, the right row of balls 306 is shown tangent to the circular planar raceway surface 134 of the right outer ring 102 and the circular planar raceway surface 202 of the right-hand side of the inner bearing ring 200, and the third two rows of balls 305, 306 can be guided for rolling movement between the circular planar raceway surfaces 201, 134 and the planar raceway surfaces 133, 202. Precessional motion refers to the precessional flow chart of fig. 20 a-20 b.
According to the fourth embodiment, the relationship between the annular shape and the T-shape of the inner ring 200, the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces 222 and 139 formed by the left raceway surface 222 of the inner bearing ring 200 in the axial direction and the third stepped portion raceway surface 139 of the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 in the annular stopper portion, and the second balls 303 and 304 and the third balls 305 and 306 of the rolling elements in the axial direction are changed from each other will be described in detail below.
In the first method, the inner ring 200 is in a T shape, in the first method, two rows of second balls 303 and 304 are adopted, the figure is omitted, and two rows of second balls 303 and 304 are arranged in the distance (space) from the third step 131 and 132 annular limiting parts 133 and 139 of the three steps of the left outer ring 108 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the axial left side surface 222 and the axial right side surface 202 of the inner bearing ring 200;
the left row of second balls 303 is shown tangent to the circular planar raceway surface 133 of the left outer ring 108 and the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 222 of the left axial side of the inner bearing ring 200, the right row of second balls 304 is shown tangent to the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 139 of the right outer ring 102 and the annular planar raceway surface 202 of the right axial side of the inner bearing ring 200, and the second set of two rows of balls 303, 304 may be guided for rolling movement between the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces 222, 139 and the planar raceway surfaces 133, 202.
The inner ring 200 adopts a T-shaped method I, adopts a method II of adopting two rows of third balls 305 and 306, omits the drawing, and arranges the two rows of third balls 305 and 306 in the distance (space) from the third step 131 and 132 annular limiting parts 133 and 139 of the three steps of the left outer ring 108 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the axial left side surface 222 and the axial right side surface 202 of the inner bearing ring 200;
the left-hand row of third balls 305 is shown tangent to the circular planar raceway surface 133 of left outer race 108 and the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 222 of the left-hand side surface of inner bearing ring 200, the right-hand row of third balls 306 is shown tangent to the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 139 of right outer race 102 and the annular planar raceway surface 202 of the right-hand side surface of inner bearing ring 200, and the third set of rows of balls 305, 306 can be guided for rolling movement between the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces 222, 139 and the planar raceway surfaces 133, 202. Precessional motion refers to the precessional flow chart of fig. 20 a-20 b.
The inner ring 200 in the second method is annular, the second balls 303 and 304 in the first method are two rows, which are omitted, and the two rows of the second balls 303 and 304 are arranged in the distance (space) from the third step 131 and 132 annular limiting part 133 and 139 of the three steps of the left outer ring 108 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the axial left side surface 222 and the axial right side surface 202 of the inner bearing ring 200;
the second left row of balls 303 is shown tangent to the circular planar raceway surface 133 of the left outer ring 108 and the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 222 of the left axial side of the inner bearing ring 200, the right row of balls 304 is shown tangent to the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 139 of the right outer ring 102 and the annular planar raceway surface 202 of the right axial side of the inner bearing ring 200, and the second set of two rows of balls 303, 304 may be guided for rolling movement between the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces 222, 139 and the planar raceway surfaces 133, 202.
The inner ring 200 adopts a second annular method, and adopts a second method of adopting two rows of third balls 305 and 306, which is not shown in the figure, and two rows of third balls 305 and 306 are arranged in the distance (space) from the third step 131 and 132 annular limiting parts 133 and 139 of the three steps of the left outer ring 108 and the right outer ring 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 to the axial left side surface 222 and the axial right side surface 202 of the inner bearing ring 200;
the left row of balls 305 is shown tangent to the circular planar raceway surface 133 of the left outer race 108 and the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 222 of the left axial side of the inner bearing ring 200, the right row of balls 306 is shown tangent to the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 139 of the right outer race 102 and the annular planar raceway surface 202 of the right axial side of the inner bearing ring 200, and the third two rows of balls 305, 306 may be guided for rolling movement between the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces 222, 139 and the planar raceway surfaces 133, 202. Precessional motion refers to the precessional flow chart of fig. 20 a-20 b.
It should be noted that the correspondence relationship between the characteristic thrust angular contact conical raceway surfaces 201, 134, 203, 205, the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces 222, 139 and the axial contact annular planar raceway surfaces 202, 133, 204 of all the above embodiments is described in detail.
The thrust angular contact conical raceway surface 134 arranged on the third steps 131, 132 and the annular limiting parts 133, 134 of the outer rings 101, 102 on one side of the outer bearing ring 100 is a convex surface or a concave surface and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 139 is a spherical convex surface or a spherical concave surface; and
the thrust angular contact conical raceway surfaces 201, 203 and 205 arranged on one axial side surface 201 and 202 of the inner bearing ring 200 are convex surfaces or concave surfaces and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 222 is a spherical convex surface or a spherical concave surface;
the taper raceway surfaces 134 of one of the sides 101, 102 of the outer bearing ring are the same as the taper angle tapers of the taper raceway surfaces 201, 203, 205 of one of the sides 201, 202 of the inner bearing ring 200 and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces 139 of one of the sides 101, 102 of the outer bearing ring 100 are the same as the spherical radii of the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces 222 of one of the sides 222, 202 of the inner bearing ring 200, and the other side ring planar raceway surface 133 of the outer bearing ring 100 is disposed parallel to the other side ring planar raceway surface 202 of the inner bearing ring 200;
the ring flat raceway surface 133 of the illustrated left outer ring 101 is disposed with respect to the ring flat raceway surfaces 201, 203, 205 of the axially leftward side of inner bearing ring 200 and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 222 of the axially leftward side of inner bearing ring 200, and the ring raceway surface 134 of the illustrated right outer ring 102 is disposed with respect to the ring flat raceway surfaces 202, 204 of the axially rightward side of inner bearing ring 200 and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 139 of the right outer ring 102 is disposed with respect to the ring flat raceway surfaces 202, 204 of the axially rightward side of inner bearing ring 200;
in the alternative, the circular planar raceway surface 133 of the left outer ring 101 is disposed opposite to the circular planar raceway surface projecting toward the left side of the axial direction of the inner bearing ring 200, and the concave circular planar raceway surface 134 of the right outer ring 102 is disposed opposite to the circular planar raceway surfaces 202 and 204 toward the right side of the axial direction of the inner bearing ring 200, and the circular planar raceway surface projecting toward the left side of the axial direction of the inner bearing ring 200 and the concave circular planar raceway surface 134 of the right outer ring 102 form a thrust bearing relationship, and the taper angles are the same;
the figure is omitted, and the change is that the annular plane raceway surface 133 of the left outer ring 101 is arranged relative to the convex thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the axial left side surface of the inner bearing ring 200, the concave thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 139 of the right outer ring 102 is arranged relative to the annular plane raceway surfaces 202 and 204 of the axial right side surface of the inner bearing ring 200, the convex thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the axial left side surface of the inner bearing ring 200 and the concave thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 139 of the right outer ring 102 form a progressive bearing relation, and the annular spherical radii are the same;
the distance from the ring plane raceway surface 133 of the left outer ring 101 to the cone raceway surfaces 201, 203 on the left side of the inner bearing ring 200 axis is equal and/or unequal to the distance from the cone raceway surface 134 of the right outer ring 102 to the ring plane raceway surfaces 202, 204 on the right side of the inner bearing ring 200 axis;
and/or the distance from the ring plane raceway surface 133 of the left outer ring 101 to the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 222 of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring 200 axis is equal and/or unequal to the distances 202 and 204 from the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface 139 of the right outer ring 102 to the ring plane raceway surface of the right side surface of the inner bearing ring 200 axis;
the feature exchange combinations referring to the first, seventh and third embodiments show a fourth embodiment of the invention, if the outer shape of the entire outer ring 100 of the precession bearing top 4 is formed as a top, the top is known to have a fixed axis property, precession and nutation can occur under the action of external moment, further, precession bearings 1, 3 and 6 are formed in the precession bearing gyro 4, if the inner rings 200 of the precession bearings 1, 3 and 6 rotate at high speed, under the action of external moment, the vertex of the cone 109 of the outer ring 100 of the precession bearing gyro 4 stands on a platform and precesses like a gyro, if the pitching and tilting vibration of the platform varies at any time, the precession angular momentum of the outer ring 100 of the precession bearing top 4 varies at any time, the inner ring 200 is always balanced, and the rod end 208 is kept vertical. The method can be used in the ultra-precise high-speed workpiece table of the photoetching machine, optics, radars and other balancing systems which need to be applied, such as building vibration reduction and vehicle balancing. The precession of the outer ring can also be used for converting the energy of a power generation module converting mechanical energy or corresponding mechanical equipment.
Fifth embodiment
As shown in fig. 18, the present invention relates to a gyroscopic precession type active stabilization device 8 using a precession bearing gyro 4.
Fig. 18 shows a gyroscopic precession type active stabilization device 8 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, in combination with the features and functions of the fourth embodiment, the rod end 208 of the inner ring 200 of the precession bearing gyro 4 shown in fig. 18 is connected to the motor shaft 601, the bottom of the motor 600 is connected to the mounting platform 602, and the cone 109 of the left outer ring 108 of the outer ring 100 of the precession bearing gyro 4 is inverted on the base platform 603 or flat ground, as will be described in detail below with respect to the functional implementation.
The cone angle 109 of the cone 109 of the left outer ring 108 of the further precession bearing top 4 is 172 ° to 178 °, and the cone angle of the thrust angular contact conical raceway surfaces 205, 134, 201, 203 of the inner bearing ring 200 and the outer bearing ring 100 of the further precession bearing top 4 is larger than that of the cone 109, for example, one side of the cone 109 of the precession bearing top 4 is laid on the base platform 603 or on the flat ground, the rod end 208 of the inner ring 200 is vertically connected with the motor 600, when the motor 600 drives the inner ring 200 to rotate at high speed, the outer ring 200 is driven to move in precession, and at the same time, the vertex of the cone 109 tends to converge and balance to be vertically erected on the base platform 603 or on the flat ground, and the inner ring 200 is balanced with the mounting platform 602. When an external force is applied to the base platform 603 to vibrate and swing obliquely, the outer ring 100 of the precession bearing gyro 4 precesses, and the inner ring 200 keeps balance. During the operation of the gyroscopic precession type active stabilization device 8, the base platform 603 is at rest, and the precession bearing gyro 4 is also kept in balance. The power cut stops after the motor 600 speed of the gyroscopic precession active stabilization device 8 drops, and the outer ring 100 of the precession bearing gyro 4 precesses in the process until one side of the cone 109 of the outer ring 100 lies on the base platform 603 or the flat ground. During the operation of the gyro precession type active stabilization device 8, the base platform 603 is inclined to a certain angle at a slow speed, the precession bearing gyro 4 is kept balanced, according to the rotation speed and the rotation direction of the inner ring 200 of the precession bearing gyro 4, if the inner ring 200 rotates clockwise, the base platform 603 is in an inward direction relative to the human inclination angle, the precession bearing gyro 4 makes a straight line motion rightward, when the base platform 603 is in an outward direction relative to the human inclination angle, the precession bearing gyro 4 makes a straight line motion leftward, when the inclination angle of the base platform 603 is kept unchanged, the rotation speed of the motor 600 of the precession bearing gyro 4 is reduced, and the precession bearing gyro 4 makes an arc line motion downward toward the lower part of the gradient of the base platform 603. When the base platform 603 rotates clockwise in the process of X, Y planar motion, the outer ring 100 will accelerate precession, and the vertex of the cone 109 of the outer ring 100 will make circular motion on the base platform 603, wherein (x, y, z) is the principal axis of inertia of the precession bearing gyroscope 4, the z axis is along the same direction of the polar axis of the precession bearing gyroscope 4 and the central axis of the outer ring 100, the x axis is along the pitch line direction of the rigid body equatorial plane and the horizontal line, the y axis satisfies the right-hand rule, a certain point of the intersection point of the precession angle of the z axis polar axis of the cone 109 of the outer ring 100 is above, and the rotation of the inner ring 200 keeps balance with the mounting platform 602. The device can be applied to a balance car for balance use, or the precession bearing top 4 can be used for linear motion during the running of a vehicle, and replaces wheels to rotate on the road for linear motion, or is used for entertainment equipment of rotary motion, and corresponding mechanical equipment. If the cone 109 of the left outer ring 108 of the further precession bearing gyro 4 is 100 ° to 178 °, the cone can be used for the ultra-precise high-speed workpiece table of the lithography machine, optics, radar, etc., and the cone can be used in the balance system which needs to be applied, such as building vibration reduction and vehicle balance running. It should be noted that the inner bearing ring 200 and the outer bearing ring 100 of the gyroscopic precessional active stabilizer 8 precessional bearing top 4 of the fifth embodiment are not limited to the opposite thrust angular contact tapered raceway surfaces 205, 134, 201, 134, but may be replaced with thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces 222, 139, and the two rows of second balls 303, 304 and the two rows of third annular ramp balls 305, 306 may be replaced with each other.
Sixth embodiment
As shown in fig. 19, the invention relates to a gyroscopic precession type active stabilization device 9.
Fig. 19 shows a gyro precession type active stabilizer 9 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which features and functions of the fourth and fifth embodiments are incorporated and incorporated, a further gyro precession type active stabilizer 8 is configured as a four-leg supported gyro precession type active stabilizer 9, a motor 600 of the gyro precession type active stabilizer 8 is connected to a mounting platform 602, a cone 109 of an outer ring 100 of a precession bearing gyro 4 of the gyro precession type active stabilizer 8 is inverted on a base platform 603, extension springs 900 having initial tension are diagonally arranged around the further four-leg supported gyro precession type active stabilizer 9, one end of each extension spring 900 is connected to the base platform 603, and the other end of each extension spring 900 is connected to the mounting platform 602.
The motor 600 of the four-foot-supported gyro precession type active stabilizer 9 on the precession bearing gyro 4 of the gyro precession type active stabilizer 8 drives the inner ring 200 to rotate, when the base platform 603 vibrates or other different external forces, the cone 109 of the outer ring 100 of the precession bearing gyro 4 of the gyro precession type active stabilizer 8 moves on the base platform 603, the precession motion of the four-foot-supported gyro precession type active stabilizer 9 and the precession motion of the four-foot-supported gyro precession type active stabilizer 8 correspond to the vibration tilting motion of the dynamic response base platform 603, according to the inclination angle of the base platform 603, the precession angle of the outer ring 100 of the precession bearing gyro 4 of the gyro precession type active stabilizer 8 at a low gradient is small (the relative inclination angles of the inner ring 200, the outer ring 100 are small), and the precession angle of the outer ring 100 of the precession bearing gyro 4 of the gyro precession type active stabilizer 8 at a high gradient is large (the inner ring, the outer ring 100 is large, The relative inclination angles of the outer rings 200 and 100 are large), four extension springs 900 on the periphery move synchronously one above the other while keeping the gyroscopic precession type active stabilizing device 8 not to drift, and the gyroscopic precession type active stabilizing devices 9 supported by four feet keep the mounting platform balanced all the time; when the inclination angle of the base platform 603 is changed rapidly in different directions, the gyroscopic precession type active stabilization device 8 at a high gradient is changed to the gyroscopic precession type active stabilization device 8 at a low gradient, the vertex of the cone 109 of the outer ring 100 of the precession bearing gyro 4 of the gyroscopic precession type active stabilization device 8 is separated from the base platform 603 briefly, the inner ring 200 rotates at a high speed, the precession angular momentum of the outer ring 100 affected by gravity and centrifugal force is reduced, that is, the outer ring 100 is pulled straight as if, the vertex of the cone 109 is contacted with the base platform 603, and the precession angular momentum of the outer ring 100, which is supported by other feet and is affected by different acting forces, is also changed. In the embodiment, the motor of the four-foot supporting gyro precession type active stabilization device 9 may be a servo motor, a stepping motor, or a common motor, and may also be five-foot supporting, six-foot supporting, or multi-point supporting with more than ten points.
The method can be used in the balance systems of the photoetching machine, such as ultra-precise high-speed workpiece tables, optics, radars and the like which need to be applied.
The invention has not been described in detail in part of the common general knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. A combined bearing (1), characterized in that: the bearing comprises an outer bearing ring (100) and an inner bearing ring (200), a plurality of rows of balls (301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306), retainers (401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406) and fixing bolts (501), wherein the relevant parts of the outer bearing ring (100) and the inner bearing ring (200) are spherical surfaces;
the inner bearing ring (200) is annular, an outer ball raceway surface (206) is formed on an annular radial outer spherical surface of the inner bearing ring, and a plurality of blind holes for retaining solid lubricant are formed in the outer ball raceway surface (206) of the inner bearing ring (200);
one surface of the annular side surface which is opposite to the left and right in the axial direction is formed into a thrust angular contact conical track surface (201), the other surface of the annular side surface is formed into an axial contact annular plane track surface (202), and/or one surface of the annular side surface which is opposite to the left and right in the axial direction is formed into a thrust angular contact annular spherical track surface (222), the other surface of the annular side surface is formed into an axial contact annular plane track surface (202), and/or the annular side surface which is opposite to the left and right in the axial direction is formed into a thrust angular contact conical track surface (201) and/or a thrust angular contact annular spherical track surface (222);
a plurality of blind holes for retaining solid lubricant are formed in the thrust angular contact conical raceway surface (201), the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (222) and the axial contact annular plane raceway surface (202) of the inner bearing ring;
the outer bearing ring (100) further comprises a split left outer ring (101) and a split right outer ring (102), wherein the outer diameter of the outer ring on one side of the combined left and right outer bearing rings (101, 102) is slightly smaller than that of the outer ring on the other side, and/or the outer diameters of the outer rings on the two sides of the combined left and right outer bearing rings (101, 102) are the same;
the left outer ring (101) and the right outer ring (102) are arranged in a cover ring shape, the left outer side of the left outer ring (101) in the cover ring shape extends inwards to form three stages, and the right outer side of the right outer ring (102) in the cover ring shape extends inwards to form three stages;
the first steps (111, 112) of the three steps of the combined left and right outer bearing rings (101, 102) are spherical spaces with inner diameter size larger than the outer diameter size of the inner bearing ring (200), and the radial spherical spaces are formed into spherical inner cavity raceway surfaces (113, 114);
the adjacent end faces (115, 116) of the axial side walls of the first steps (111, 112) of the three steps of the left outer ring (101) and the right outer ring (102) of the outer bearing ring (100) are positioned on a spherical center extension line in the radial direction and/or are offset relative to the spherical center extension line in the radial direction;
the second steps (121, 122) of the three steps of the left and right outer bearing rings (101, 102) extend to the raceway (206) of the outer spherical surface of the inner bearing ring (200), the radial spherical inner end surfaces of the second steps (121, 122) are formed as in-ring ball raceway surfaces (123, 124), the diameter of in-ring ball raceway surfaces (123, 124) of the three steps of the combined left and right outer bearing rings opposite to each other, which pass through the center of the sphere, is the same as the diameter of the outer ball raceway surface (206) of the inner bearing ring (200), and the in-ring ball raceway surfaces (123, 124) and the outer ball raceway surfaces (206) are formed for sliding movement;
third steps (131, 132) of the three-step steps of the left and right outer bearing rings (101, 102) are extended to form separating parts to cover the axial left and right side surfaces (201, 202) of the inner bearing ring (200), the axial inner side walls of the third steps (131, 132) form annular limiting parts (133, 134), and the axial outer side surfaces of the third steps form annular planes (135, 136);
thrust angular contact conical rolling surfaces (134) are arranged on one surfaces of the annular limiting parts (133 and 134) of the left outer ring (101) and the right outer ring (102), axial contact ring plane rolling surfaces (133) are arranged on the other surfaces of the annular limiting parts (133 and 134), and/or thrust angular contact annular spherical rolling surfaces (139) are arranged on one surfaces of the annular limiting parts (133 and 139) of the left outer ring (101) and the right outer ring (102), axial contact ring plane rolling surfaces (133) are arranged on the other surfaces of the annular limiting parts (133 and 134) of the left outer ring (101) and the right outer ring (102), and/or thrust angular contact conical rolling surfaces (134) are arranged on both surfaces of the annular limiting parts (133 and 134) of the left outer ring (101) and the right outer ring (102), and/or thrust angular contact annular spherical rolling surfaces (139) are arranged on both surfaces of the annular limiting parts (133 and 139);
the first steps (111, 112), the second steps (121, 122) and the third steps (131, 132) of the three-step steps of the left outer ring (101) and the right outer ring (102) of the outer bearing ring (100) are integrally formed;
the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces (113, 114) and the inner ring inner ball raceway surfaces (123, 124) are upper and lower spherical surfaces of steps concentric with the sphere, and the section of the inner ring inner cavity raceway surfaces and the annular limiting parts (133, 134) are approximately L-shaped;
the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces (113, 114) and the inner ring inner ball raceway surfaces (123, 124) of the outer bearing ring (100) and the outer ball raceway surface (206) of the inner bearing ring (200) are spherical surfaces with coincident spherical centers, the distance (space) from the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces (113, 114) to the outer ball raceway surface (206) can accommodate a plurality of rows of first balls (301, 302), the plurality of rows of first balls (301, 302) are held by first holding frames (401, 402) of the ball ring, and the first plurality of rows of balls (301, 302) can be guided to roll between the ball ring inner cavity raceway surfaces (113, 114) and the outer ball raceway surface (206);
the distance from the raceway surface (133) of the third step (131) of the left outer ring (101) to the raceway surface (201) of the left side surface (201) of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200) is equal to and/or unequal to the distance from the raceway surface (134) of the third step (132) of the right outer ring (102) to the raceway surface (202) of the right side surface (202) of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200); and
the distance (space) between the third step (131, 132) of the three-step of the left outer ring (101, 102) and the right outer ring (101, 102) of the outer bearing ring (100) and the distance (space) between the annular limiting part (133, 134) and the left side surface (201, 202) of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200) is provided with two rows of second balls (303, 304), the two rows of second balls (303, 304) are held by axial pocket second retainers (403, 404), the two rows of second balls (303, 304) can be guided to roll between the thrust angular contact conical raceway surfaces (201, 134) and the axial contact plane raceway surfaces (202, 133), and/or the two rows of second balls (303, 304) can be guided to roll between the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces (222, 139) and the axial contact plane raceway surfaces (202, 133), and/or the two rows of second balls (303, 304) can be guided to roll between the thrust angular contact plane raceway surfaces (202, 133), 304) Can be guided in a rolling movement between the cone track surfaces (201, 134) and/or in a rolling movement between the thrust angular contact annular spherical track surfaces (222, 139) and the thrust angular contact annular spherical track surfaces (222, 139);
the periphery of the circular ring plane (135, 136) of the left outer ring (101) and the right outer ring (102) of the outer bearing ring (100) combination is relatively provided with eight staggered fixed counter bores (500), the fixed counter bores (500) penetrate through the axial side walls (115, 116) of the first steps (111, 112) from the circular ring plane (135, 136) to form opposite faces, elastic pads are arranged on fixed bolt heads (501), and certain axial pretightening force is applied through connection of the fixed bolts (501) to connect the outer bearing ring (100), multiple rows of balls (301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306) and the inner bearing ring (200) into a whole.
2. Combination bearing (1) according to claim 1, wherein: set up multiseriate first ball (301, 302) between ball ring inner chamber raceway surface (113, 114) of outer bearing circle (100) and outer ball raceway surface (206) of inner bearing circle (200), multiseriate first ball (301, 302) set up two and/or more than two, annular sphere interval equipartition is followed to multiseriate ball (301, 302) axial of first setting, wherein have at least two about the relative distribution of first ball (301, 302) ball center extension line in radial, every ball (301, 302) of arranging according to the different quantity of ball of radial annular sphere diameter size interval equipartition about, the ring sphere of multiseriate first ball (301, 302) axial distribution and the ball ring inner chamber raceway surface of outer bearing circle and the outer ball raceway surface of inner bearing circle are the sphere of centre of sphere coincidence.
3. The combination bearing of claim 2, wherein: the utility model provides a ball bearing, including the ball ring, the first ball (301) of the ball ring of the even equipartition of axial interval equipartition of multiseriate (301, 302) axial interval equipartition sets up the ball of axial interval equipartition first retainer (401, 402), every first ball (301, 302) of the left and right sides sets up the radial pocket hole of equal quantity according to radial annular spherical diameter size relatively, the pocket hole of every first retainer (401, 402) of the row forms bowl hole form, the bowl bottom hole of bowl hole form is towards the centre of sphere direction, every first ball (301, 302) of the row carries out the position through first retainer (401, 402) and keeps.
4. Combination bearing (1) according to claim 3, wherein: the diameter of each ball of the left and right rows of balls (301, 302) in the first setting in the axial direction is equal to the distance from the ball ring inner cavity raceway surface (113, 114) of the outer bearing ring (100) to the outer ball raceway surface (206) of the inner bearing ring (20), or/and the diameter of each ball of the left and right rows of balls (301, 302) is larger than the distance from the ball ring inner cavity raceway surface (113, 114) of the outer bearing ring (100) to the outer ball raceway surface (206) of the inner bearing ring (200), and the larger than distance range value is 0.002 mm-0.003 mm.
5. A precession bearing (1) comprising a combined bearing (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that: the thrust angular contact conical raceway surface (134) arranged on the third step (131, 132) annular limiting part (133, 134, 139) of one outer ring (101, 102) of the outer bearing ring (100) is a convex surface or a concave surface and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (139) is a spherical convex surface or a spherical concave surface; and
the thrust angular contact conical raceway surface (201) arranged on one axial side surface (201, 222, 202) of the inner bearing ring (200) is a convex surface or a concave surface and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (222) is a spherical convex surface or a spherical concave surface;
the taper angle taper of the tapered raceway surface (134) on one side of the outer bearing ring (100) is the same as that of the tapered raceway surface (201) on one side of the inner bearing ring (200) and/or the spherical radius of the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (139) on one side of the outer bearing ring (100) is the same as that of the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (222) on one side of the inner bearing ring (200), and the other side ring plane raceway surface (133) of the outer bearing ring (100) is parallel to the other side ring plane raceway surface (202) of the inner bearing ring (200);
the ring plane raceway surface (133) of the left outer ring (101) is arranged relative to the ring plane raceway surface (201) on the left side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200) and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (222) on the left side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200), and the ring plane raceway surface (134) of the right outer ring (102) is arranged relative to the ring plane raceway surface (202) on the right side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200) and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (139) of the right outer ring (102) is arranged relative to the ring plane raceway surface (202) on the right side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200);
the distance from the ring plane raceway surface (133) of the left outer ring (101) to the conical raceway surface (201) on the left side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200) is equal to and/or unequal to the distance from the conical raceway surface (134) of the right outer ring (102) to the ring plane raceway surface (202) on the right side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200);
and/or the distance from the ring plane raceway surface (134) of the left outer ring (101) to the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (222) of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft (200) is equal to and/or unequal to the distance from the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (139) of the right outer ring (102) to the ring plane raceway surface (202) of the right side surface of the inner bearing ring shaft (200);
two rows of second balls (303, 304) are arranged at the distance (space) from the annular limiting parts (133, 134, 139) of the third steps (131, 132) of the three steps of the left outer ring (101, 102) and the right outer ring (102) of the outer bearing ring (100) to the left side surface (201, 222, 202) and the right side surface (201, 222, 202) of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200);
the left row of second balls (303) is tangent to the circular plane raceway surface (133) of the left outer ring (101) and the circular plane raceway surface (201) on the left side of the axis of the inner bearing ring (200), the right row of second balls (304) is tangent to the circular plane raceway surface (134) of the right outer ring (102) and the circular plane raceway surface (202) on the right side of the axis of the inner bearing ring (200), and the two rows of second balls (303, 304) can be guided to roll between the circular plane raceway surfaces (201, 134) and the circular plane raceway surfaces (133, 202);
and/or the left row of second balls (303) is tangent to the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (222) of the left annular planar raceway surface (133) of the left outer ring (101) and the left side surface of the inner bearing ring (200), the right row of second balls (304) is tangent to the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (139) of the right outer ring (102) and the right annular planar raceway surface (202) of the inner bearing ring (200), and the two rows of balls (303, 304) arranged in the second mode can be guided to roll between the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surfaces (139, 222) and the planar raceway surfaces (133, 202).
6. A precession bearing (3) comprising a combination bearing (1) and/or a precession bearing (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that: two rows of third annular slope balls (305, 306) are arranged in the distance (space) from third step (131, 132) annular limiting parts (133, 134, 139) of the three steps of the left outer ring (101) and the right outer ring (102) to the left side surface and the right side surface (201, 222, 202) of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200), the three rows of third annular slope balls (305, 306) are in interval transition from small-diameter balls (307) to large-diameter balls (308), the balls arranged from the large diameter to the small diameter are held by axial third retainers (405, 406), axial pockets of the third retainers (405, 406) are arranged from the large diameter to the small diameter relative to the diameter of the balls, and the balls with different diameters of the two rows of third annular slope balls (305, 306) are two opposite identical balls on one straight line;
the slope of the two rows of third annular ramp balls (305, 306) is 3 ° to 15 °;
the gradient of the left row of annular slope balls (305) is the same as that of the right row of annular slope balls (306), and small-diameter balls (307) of the left row of annular slope balls (305) are paired with large-diameter balls (308) of the right row of annular slope balls (306);
the left annular slope ball row (305) is tangent to the annular plane track surface (133) of the left outer ring (101) and the conical track surface (201) of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring (200) and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical track surface (222) of the left side surface of the inner bearing ring (200), the right annular slope ball row (306) is tangent to the conical track surface (134) of the right outer ring (102) and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical track surface (139) of the right outer ring (102) and the annular plane track surface (202) of the right side surface of the inner bearing ring (200), and the third two annular slope ball rows (305, 306) can be guided in rolling motion between the conical track surfaces (201, 134) and the plane track surfaces (133, 202) and/or can be guided in rolling motion between the thrust angular contact annular spherical track surfaces (222, 139) and the plane track surfaces (133), 202) And a rolling motion.
7. A precession bearing (2) comprising a combination bearing (1) and/or a precession bearing (1) according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the central axes of the thrust angular contact conical raceway surface (203) and the ring plane raceway surface (204) of the left and right side surfaces (203, 204) of the inner bearing ring (200) are obliquely arranged relative to the axis of the transmission shaft, and the conical bottom surface of the oblique thrust angular contact conical raceway surface (203) and the oblique ring plane raceway surface (204) are arranged in parallel;
two rows of second balls (303, 304) are arranged in the distance (space) from the third steps (131, 132) of the three steps of the left outer ring (101, 102) and the right outer ring (101, 102) of the outer bearing ring (100) to the left side surface (203, 204) and the right side surface (204) of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200),
the distance from the ring plane raceway surface (133) of the left outer ring (101) to the inclined thrust angle contact conical raceway surface (203) on the left side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200) is equal to and/or unequal to the distance from the conical raceway surface (134) of the right outer ring (102) to the inclined ring plane raceway surface (204) on the right side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200); namely, it is
The axial diameter of the left row of second balls (303) is the same as and/or different from that of the right row of second balls (304);
the left row of second balls (303) is tangent to the ring plane raceway surface (133) of the left outer ring (101) and the inclined circular cone raceway surface (203) on the left side of the axis of the inner bearing ring (200), the right row of second balls (304) is tangent to the circular cone raceway surface (134) of the right outer ring (102) and the inclined circular plane raceway surface (204) on the right side of the axis of the inner bearing ring (200), the left row of second balls (303) can be guided to roll between the inclined circular cone raceway surface (203) and the ring plane raceway surface (133), and the right row of second balls (304) can be guided to roll between the circular cone raceway surface (134) and the inclined circular plane raceway surface (204);
and/or the central axes of the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (222) and the annular planar raceway surface (202) on the left and right side surfaces of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200) are obliquely arranged relative to the axis of the transmission shaft, and the oblique thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface and the oblique annular planar raceway surface are arranged in parallel;
and/or two rows of second balls (303, 304) are arranged at the distance (space) from the third step (131, 132) of the three steps of the left outer ring (101, 102) and the right outer ring (101, 102) of the outer bearing ring (100) to the left side surface (222, 202) and the right side surface (134) of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200),
and/or the distance from the ring plane raceway surface (133) of the left outer ring (101) to the inclined thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the left side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200) is equal to and/or unequal to the distance from the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (134) of the right outer ring (102) to the inclined ring plane raceway surface of the right side surface of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200);
and/or the axial diameter of the left row of second balls (303) is the same as and/or different from the axial diameter of the right row of second balls (304);
and/or the left row of second balls (303) is tangent to a thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface of the ring plane raceway surface (133) of the left outer ring (101) and an axial left side surface of the inner bearing ring (200), the right row of second balls (304) is tangent to a thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (139) of the right outer ring (102) and an axial right side inclined annular spherical raceway surface of the inner bearing ring (200), the left row of second balls (303) can be guided to roll between the inclined thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface and the ring plane raceway surface (133), and the right row of second balls (304) can be guided to roll between the thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface (139) and the inclined ring plane raceway surface.
8. Precession bearing gyro (4) comprising a combined bearing (1) and/or precession bearing (1, 3) according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: the utility model discloses a bearing ring, including outer bearing ring (100), outer bearing ring's left outer lane (101) set to the dome form, the left outside of left outer lane (101) of dome form is equipped with tertiary step to inside extension, the third step (131) of tertiary step of dome form extend to form and separate axle left surface (201, 222) that all coat inner bearing ring (200), the axial inside wall of third step (131) forms circular plane spacing portion (133), circular plane spacing portion (133) form into plane raceway surface (133), the middle part of the axial lateral surface of third step (131) sets up axially convex cone (109), the cone angle of cone (109) is 100 to 178 degrees, the periphery of the axial lateral surface of third step (131) sets up axial annular plane (135), annular plane (135) set up eight fixed counter bores (500), fixed counter bore (500) are from annular plane (135) and are passed the axial lateral wall (115) of first step (111) To the opposite face;
the inner bearing ring (200) is arranged into a T shape, the T shape rotates 90 degrees anticlockwise and faces to the direction of a rotation axis, a concave thrust angular contact conical raceway surface (205) and/or a concave thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface are formed on the left axial side surface of the T shape, an annular plane raceway surface (202) and a middle part of the T shape are formed as a rod end (208), and/or the inner bearing ring (200) is arranged into a circular ring shape, the left axial side surface of the circular ring shape is formed into a concave thrust angular contact conical raceway surface and/or a concave thrust angular contact annular spherical raceway surface, and the right axial side surface of the circular ring shape is formed into an annular plane raceway surface (202);
the axial left track surface (205) of the inner bearing ring (200) and the annular limiting part track surface (134) of the third step (132) of the right outer ring (102) of the outer bearing ring (100) form corresponding thrust angular contact conical track surfaces (205, 134), and/or the axial left track surface (222) of the inner bearing ring (200) and the annular limiting part track surface (139) of the third step (132) of the right outer ring (102) of the outer bearing ring (100) form corresponding thrust angular contact annular spherical track surfaces (222, 139);
two rows of second balls (303, 304) and/or two rows of third balls (305, 306) are arranged at the distance (space) from the third steps (131, 132) of the three steps of the left outer ring (101, 102) and the right outer ring (101, 102) of the outer bearing ring (100) to the left side surface and the right side surface (205, 222, 202) of the shaft of the inner bearing ring (200);
the left row of balls (303, 305) is tangent to the left circular plane track surface (133) of the left outer ring (101) and the left circular plane track surface (205) and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical track surface (222) of the inner bearing ring (200), the right row of balls (304, 306) is tangent to the right circular plane track surface (134) and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical track surface (139) of the right outer ring (102) and the right circular plane track surface (202) of the inner bearing ring (200), the second two rows of balls (303, 304) can be guided to roll between the circular plane track surfaces (205, 134) and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical track surfaces (222, 139) and the plane track surfaces (133, 202), and the third two rows of balls (305, 306) can be guided to the circular plane track surfaces (205, 134) and/or the thrust angular contact annular spherical track surfaces (222), and the thrust angular contact annular spherical track surfaces (222, 202), 139) And the plane rolling surface (133, 202).
9. A precession bearing gyro for a gyro precession active stabilization device (8) comprising a precession bearing gyro (4) according to claim 8, characterized in that: the rod end (208) of the inner bearing ring (200) of the advancing bearing gyro (4) is connected with a motor rotating shaft (601), and the base of the motor (600) is connected with a mounting platform (602); and
the vertex of a cone body (109) of a left outer ring (101) of the outer bearing ring (100) of the precession bearing gyro (4) stands on a base platform (603) or a flat ground.
10. A gyroscopic precessional active stabilization device (9) comprising a precessional bearing gyro according to claim 9 for a gyroscopic precessional active stabilization device (8), characterized in that: the gyroscopic precession active stabilization device (9) is arranged as a point gyroscopic support and/or a multi-point gyroscopic support, preferably as a four-point gyroscopic support;
four peripheral opposite side four corners that the four-point top supported are provided with tensile extension spring (900) of initial force, extension spring (900) one end connection base platform (603), mounting platform (602) is connected to the other end.
CN202111007956.0A 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 Bearing, precession bearing and precession bearing gyro, and gyro precession type active stabilization device using precession bearing gyro Pending CN114076147A (en)

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CN202111007956.0A CN114076147A (en) 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 Bearing, precession bearing and precession bearing gyro, and gyro precession type active stabilization device using precession bearing gyro
CN202010821664.XA CN112112894B (en) 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 Rolling joint bearing with angular motion freedom

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CN202110657765.2A Pending CN114076145A (en) 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 Bearing, and yaw bearing with controllable angular offset, and bearing device for wheel
CN202010821664.XA Active CN112112894B (en) 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 Rolling joint bearing with angular motion freedom
CN202110786478.1A Pending CN114076146A (en) 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 Bearing, and rocking bearing device for reciprocating motion
CN202111007956.0A Pending CN114076147A (en) 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 Bearing, precession bearing and precession bearing gyro, and gyro precession type active stabilization device using precession bearing gyro
CN202211313259.2A Pending CN115638186A (en) 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 Stable, passive and active combined bearing and/or transmission device and retainer, and equipment machine using various transmission devices

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CN202010821664.XA Active CN112112894B (en) 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 Rolling joint bearing with angular motion freedom
CN202110786478.1A Pending CN114076146A (en) 2020-08-15 2020-08-15 Bearing, and rocking bearing device for reciprocating motion

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114427573A (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-05-03 姜虹 Retainer assembly, flat thrust bearing, radial bearing, and tapered radial thrust bearing
US11982315B2 (en) 2022-03-07 2024-05-14 Hong Jiang Cage assembly, planar thrust bearing, radial bearing and conical radial-thrust bearing

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US2983558A (en) * 1958-06-27 1961-05-09 Marion F Rudy Micro-ball joint
GB945930A (en) * 1962-11-05 1964-01-08 Southwest Products Co Improvements in or relating to bearings and a method of making same
US3698251A (en) * 1971-08-12 1972-10-17 Ambac Ind Thrust retainer for spherical race ball bearings
US20070165975A1 (en) * 2005-12-12 2007-07-19 John Brodowski Axial, rotational and angular motion ball bearing
JP2009008193A (en) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-15 Hiihaisuto Seiko Kk Retainer of spherical roller bearing
DE102007034570A1 (en) * 2007-07-25 2009-01-29 Schaeffler Kg Antifriction bearing for use in mixer drive of mixer drum, has inner race with outer contour formed in concave shape, and outer race with inner contour formed concave complementary to outer contour
CN201925338U (en) * 2010-05-31 2011-08-10 江阴市富贝轴承有限公司 External thread type anticorrosion enhanced knuckle bearing
CN104389899B (en) * 2014-10-13 2018-02-09 北京控制工程研究所 A kind of band preloads roller oscillating bearing
CN106089997A (en) * 2016-08-22 2016-11-09 怀宁吉利来精密机械科技有限公司 A kind of manufacturing process of PTFE material water conservancy oscillating bearing

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114427573A (en) * 2022-03-07 2022-05-03 姜虹 Retainer assembly, flat thrust bearing, radial bearing, and tapered radial thrust bearing
WO2023168906A1 (en) * 2022-03-07 2023-09-14 姜虹 Retainer assembly, plane thrust bearing, radial bearing, and conical surface centripetal thrust bearing
US11982315B2 (en) 2022-03-07 2024-05-14 Hong Jiang Cage assembly, planar thrust bearing, radial bearing and conical radial-thrust bearing

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CN114076146A (en) 2022-02-22

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