CN114076121A - Novel method for realizing abrasion resistance by applying guide vanes to centrifugal mud pump - Google Patents

Abstract

A new method for applying guide vanes to a centrifugal mud pump to realize abrasion resistance is characterized in that: a guide vane is designed on an inlet anti-abrasion ring of the impeller, and the strategy of dividing the mud slurry in advance is adopted to conduct deviating diversion on the mud slurry, so that the head of the blade is prevented from bearing direct impact of the mud slurry. The application aims to disclose an anti-wear method to solve the problem that severe wear of a dredge pump mainly occurs at the inlet of an impeller and the head of a blade (mainly close to a large radius of a front cover plate).

Description

Novel method for realizing abrasion resistance by applying guide vanes to centrifugal mud pump

Technical Field

The application relates to a wear-resistant design method of a centrifugal mud pump (slurry pump).

Background

A dredge pump (also called a slurry pump) is a mechanical device which can continuously convey soil, gravel, crushed ore and other substances in a pumping mode, is commonly used in the fields of dredging and filling, mining machinery, sewage treatment and the like, and is mainly used for applying work to solid particle-water mixed substances such as silt, improving the mechanical energy of the solid particle-water mixed substances, conveying the solid particle-water mixed substances to a specified area through a pipeline, and is an essential key device in the field of dredging.

In consideration of various requirements such as convenience in assembly and disassembly, high lift, high efficiency and the like, a single-stage single-suction centrifugal pump is generally adopted as a dredge pump, and a closed impeller structure is generally adopted as an impeller. In the pump, fluid is horizontally sucked into the pump from a shaft end, then enters the rotating impeller to be converted into radial flow, is restrained in a flow passage defined by the front cover plate, the rear cover plate and the blades to rotate along with the impeller, is subjected to work by the blades in the process to have higher pressure and speed, then flows out of the impeller to enter a pressure expansion chamber, is subjected to speed reduction and pressurization in the pressure expansion chamber, converts part of kinetic energy into pressure energy, and finally flows out of an outlet of the pressure expansion chamber.

Different from the conventional water pump, the substances conveyed by the mud pump (figure 1) contain various irregular sharp solids, which can cause serious abrasion to the impeller which is a main acting part in the mud pump. The abrasion problem of the impeller of the dredge pump is still a difficult problem to be solved urgently. Effectively reduce the wearing and tearing of impeller and can prolong the life of impeller, practice thrift cost of maintenance. Meanwhile, the impeller structure which is as complete as possible is a necessary guarantee for stable operation of the dredge pump and efficient dredging construction. The main technical approaches for reducing the abrasion of the impeller are divided into two major directions of 'selecting abrasion-resistant materials' and 'improving the structure'.

Closest to the prior art:

at present, the structural design of the impeller of the dredge pump improves the flow in the impeller by reasonably selecting a blade inlet angle and a blade wrap angle, adopting the technical means of bending and twisting blade modeling and the like, and the structural technologies obtain good results on improving the abrasion, but have difficult breakthrough development. Aiming at the abrasion near the inlet and the outlet of the impeller, a suction port anti-abrasion ring (as shown in figure 1) is generally arranged at the inlet of the impeller, a shoulder blade anti-abrasion ring is arranged outside the outlet of the impeller (specifically, the shoulder blade anti-abrasion ring is arranged between a diffusion chamber and a front cover plate and a rear cover plate and protects the connection part of the diffusion chamber and the front cover plate and the rear cover plate), the anti-abrasion ring is tried to be replaced continuously, the whole impeller is prevented from being scrapped due to the local damage of the part, but the abrasion of the head part of a blade, the end surface near the head part of the blade and the abrasion near the tail part of the blade are not provided with a targeted structure improvement technical scheme.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to disclose an anti-wear method to solve the problem that severe wear of a dredge pump mainly occurs at the inlet of an impeller and the head of a blade (mainly close to a large radius of a front cover plate).

The wear of the blade head is mainly impact wear, because the area (as shown in fig. 1A) of the impeller inlet close to the front cover plate has larger circumferential speed, and the volume of gravel and rock is larger, so that the solid with higher hardness can impact the position (as shown in fig. 1A) under the action of inertia after entering the impeller; vortex is easy to occur due to the shunting action of the blade head, sand is repeatedly scraped in the vortex to cause abrasion, and therefore the abrasion on the end face near the blade head is mostly caused by the vortex.

In response to the above technical problem, the technical solution to be protected in the present application is summarized as follows:

an anti-wear method applied to a centrifugal mud pump is characterized in that: a guide vane is designed on an inlet anti-abrasion ring of the impeller, and the strategy of dividing the mud slurry in advance is adopted to conduct deviating diversion on the mud slurry, so that the head of the blade is prevented from bearing direct impact of the mud slurry.

Further inject technical scheme, drainage guide vane 2 installs on the import abrasionproof ring 1 of impeller, and a plurality of stator 2 are at 1 inner walls of import abrasionproof ring of circumference evenly distributed, and drainage guide vane 2 and import abrasionproof ring 1 are along with impeller synchronous revolution.

Further inject technical scheme, in the impeller, the quantity of flow guide vane 2 is unanimous with blade 4 quantity, and its position of setting is relative with blade 4, leaves the clearance each other.

Further limiting the technical scheme, the guide vane 2 is close to and opposite to the head of the impeller blade 4.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of a conventional dredge pump impeller

1/4 cross-sectional schematic view of mud pump impeller assembly in FIG. 2

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the impeller assembly and inlet wear ring (after installing the guide vanes) according to the embodiment

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the action mechanism of an inlet wear ring (after installation of guide vanes) in the impeller assembly of the embodiment

Numerical labeling: 1. an inlet wear ring; 2. a guide vane is guided in a flow guide way; 2.1 guide vane head; 2.2 guide vane tail; 3. an impeller front cover plate; 4. an impeller blade; 5. an impeller rear cover plate; 6. a blade working face; 7. the back of the blade.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions provided in the present application will be further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present application will become more apparent in conjunction with the following description.

It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application have a better implementation and are not intended to limit the present application in any way. The technical features or combinations of technical features described in the embodiments of the present application should not be considered as being isolated, and they may be combined with each other to achieve a better technical effect. The scope of the preferred embodiments of this application may also include additional implementations, and this should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of this application pertain.

Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

The drawings in the present application are in simplified form and are not to scale, but rather are provided for convenience and clarity in describing the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. Any modification of the structure, change of the ratio or adjustment of the size of the structure should fall within the scope of the technical disclosure of the present application without affecting the effect and the purpose of the present application. And the same reference numbers appearing in the various drawings of the present application designate the same features or components, which may be employed in different embodiments.

The anti-wear process strategies and technical means are detailed below by way of examples.

Example 1

The inlet wear-resistant ring 1 of the impeller is provided with a guide vane 2, and the working field of the impeller assembly after the inlet wear-resistant ring is provided with the guide vane is shown in fig. 4:

the method represented by the scheme has the following strategies: the flow direction of fluid is changed at the inlet of the pump, vortex generation is controlled, the mud mortar is cut in advance, the head of the blade (particularly the upper half part of the blade with larger radius) is prevented from bearing direct impact of the mud mortar, and therefore the guide vane is designed on the inner wall of the inlet wear-resistant ring of the impeller to play a role in protecting the head of the blade. The term "larger radius" in the art means: in the impeller blade, in order to distinguish different regions and parts of the same blade, the relative position relationship is described or different positions are distinguished according to the radius of the off-axis center of the part of the blade. This description is clear and normative.

Different from the static guide vane in the diffusion section (or the diffusion and guide section of a multi-stage centrifugal pump) which is traditionally installed behind the impeller, the guide vane 2 shown in figure 2 of the present application is installed on the inlet wear-resistant ring 1 of the impeller, a plurality of guide vanes 2 are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the inlet wear-resistant ring 1 in the circumferential direction, and the guide vane 2 and the inlet wear-resistant ring 1 synchronously rotate along with the impeller; in addition, in the impeller, the number of the guide vanes 2 is consistent with that of the blades 4, the arrangement positions of the guide vanes are opposite to the blades 4, and gaps are reserved between the guide vanes and the blades.

So, the drainage stator 2 of this application no longer is traditional "quiet stator", but "moves the stator", and drainage stator 2 and import abrasionproof ring 1 are along with impeller synchronous revolution, and under the non-rated operating mode, the flow direction of fluid can be changed at the import department of impeller to drainage stator 2, not only control the vortex and produce, can change the fluid trend again in order to avoid direct impact blade head, and the fundamentally goes to solve the anti-wear problem of blade head well in this embodiment scheme.

The utility model provides a drainage stator that sets up is located the blade before in the flow direction, and this technological means not only avoids the blade head to bear the dead ahead directly towards under rated operating mode, avoids the blade head to bear side the place ahead directly towards under non-rated operating mode moreover, therefore this embodiment scheme is fundamentally again and goes to solve the anti-wear problem of blade head.

In the form of the matching design, the present embodiment makes further innovation, and is shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3: a guide vane 2: from the head part 2.1 to the tail part 2.2, the blade height (h) and the blade thickness (w) are gradually increased, the flow dividing and guiding effects are enhanced, and the flow resistance effect is not generated (can be controlled to be small and can be almost ignored), so that backflow and vortex generated by collision are avoided. Because the generation of the flow blocking phenomenon is controlled, the generation of the vortex phenomenon is fundamentally overcome. How to control the 'no-resistance flow effect' to be extremely small further relates to the technical scheme of the mutual relation model of the leaf height (h), the leaf thickness (w) and the application scenes (spacing, position relation, size relation and the like) of the head 2.1, and the invention task is disclosed by other patent applications.

The impeller that this application technical scheme was suitable for: the pump shaft is present outside the impeller (shown in fig. 1, 2, 3), not inside the impeller, i.e. the impeller is cantilevered.

Each stator 2 of this application impeller installs and is fixed in the inner wall position department of import abrasionproof ring 1, and the off-axis is far away, does not reduce the minimum ball diameter of passing through in the impeller, can not influence the pump throughput.

The impeller blades 4 and the guide vanes 2 in the impeller are corresponding in number and position, the guide vanes 2 are in an axial and radial inward development shape and are close to the heads of the impeller blades 4 (namely, necessary technical characteristics of the application), and the guide vanes mainly play roles in flow guiding, flow guiding and flow dividing and have weak working capacity.

The traditional guide vane in the field mainly plays a role in beam flow diffusion and radial force elimination. To ensure throughput, guide vanes are often avoided when designing dredge pumps by those skilled in the art.

Therefore, the application is an innovation of the new functional application of the traditional guide vane.

Claims (4)

1. An anti-wear method applied to a centrifugal mud pump is characterized in that: a guide vane is designed on an inlet anti-abrasion ring of the impeller, and the strategy of dividing the mud slurry in advance is adopted to conduct deviating diversion on the mud slurry, so that the head of the blade is prevented from bearing direct impact of the mud slurry.

2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the guide vanes (2) are mounted on an inlet wear ring (1) of the impeller, the guide vanes (2) are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the inlet wear ring (1) in the circumferential direction, and the guide vanes (2) and the inlet wear ring (1) rotate synchronously with the impeller.

3. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the impeller the number of guide vanes (2) corresponds to the number of blades (4) and they are arranged opposite the blades (4) with a gap between them.

4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide vane (2) is close to and facing the head of the impeller blade (4).

Images