CN114075848A

CN114075848A - Anchor retainer, anchor rail and arrangement with anchor rail

Info

Publication number: CN114075848A
Application number: CN202110960748.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M·佩特拉施
Original assignee: Fischerwerke GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Fischerwerke GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2020-08-20
Filing date: 2021-08-20
Publication date: 2022-02-22
Also published as: DE102020121852A1; TW202212679A; EP3957803A1

Abstract

In order to fix a rod-shaped anchor (11) around an anchor bolt (7) of an anchor rail (8) during the casting of concrete, the invention proposes a star-shaped anchor holder (1) which is snapped onto the head (6) of the anchor bolt (7) and in which the anchor (11) is snapped into the arm (3) of the anchor bolt.

Description

Anchor retainer, anchor rail and arrangement with anchor rail

Technical Field

The invention relates to an anchor holder, an anchor rail with the anchor holder and an arrangement with the anchor rail having the features of the preambles of

claims

1, 9 and 10.

Background

Anchoring rails of the type described are used for fastening accessories to anchoring substrates made of concrete, for example for fastening machine tools to foundations. The anchor rail is typically arranged flush in the ground or also in a wall, column or ceiling made of concrete. By "flush underground" is meant that the anchoring rail is embedded in the concrete in such a way that the upper side of the anchoring rail is flush with the surface of the anchoring base. In the production of foundations and the like, the anchor rail is sealed with concrete on three sides, wherein the upper side of the anchor rail remains free of concrete and flush with the surface of the concrete. The side of the anchoring rail that is flush with the concrete is referred to here and in the following as the upper side of the anchoring rail, irrespective of whether this side is above the vertical. The anchoring rail typically has a longitudinal slot in the upper side, which runs through in the longitudinal direction of the anchoring rail, through which the attachment can be fixed, for example, by means of a hammerhead screw. Instead of a longitudinal slot, the anchor rail can also have a hole, in particular a slot. For anchoring in concrete, the anchor rail typically has anchor bolts which project from a lower side of the anchor rail opposite the upper side, point away from the upper side and are cast into the concrete.

International patent application WO 2012/110699 a1 discloses the anchoring of a reinforcement plate in concrete, said reinforcement plate having a plurality of cap bolts as anchoring bolts for anchoring in the concrete on the underside of the reinforcement plate. The head of the cap bolt on the end remote from the reinforcing plate forms a seat which improves the support of the cap bolt in the concrete. In order to increase the strength of the anchoring, the two anchoring rods are each arranged with the head on both ends in the axial plane of the cap bolt sunk in the concrete at a distance from the cap bolt, wherein the anchoring elements protrude deeper into the concrete than the cap bolt. For load transfer (latbabtraging) between a capped bolt and an anchor, rectangular reinforcing rings are arranged in the concrete spaced below the reinforcing plate in a radial plane with respect to the capped bolt and the anchor, which reinforcing rings surround the two anchors and the capped bolt between the two anchors, respectively, wherein there is a spacing between the reinforcing rings, the capped bolt and the anchor and between the capped bolt and the anchor, respectively, so that not only does the reinforcing rings contact the capped bolt or the anchor, but also the capped bolt does not contact the anchor. Load transfer is performed by concrete.

Disclosure of Invention

The object of the invention is to provide a simple and feasible solution for holding one or more anchoring elements in the concrete while the concrete is being poured, spaced apart from the anchoring bolts of the anchoring rail.

In order to solve this task, the invention proposes an anchor holder which is fixed on the head of the anchor bolt of the anchor rail and to which one or more anchors are fixed for holding the anchor in the concrete when the anchor rail is sealed with concrete, wherein the anchor bolt or bolts of the anchor rail and the anchor are poured into the concrete. The anchor retainer is no longer required after the concrete has hardened, but nevertheless remains in the concrete. The anchor retainer is not used for load transfer between the anchor bolt and the anchor or anchors, although the invention does not exclude anchor retainers that are load-transferring and/or form a stand in the concrete.

The anchor bolt has a shank which projects from the anchoring rail, preferably from the underside thereof, and is directed away from the upper side, and has a head. The head forms the free end of the shank remote from the upper side. In particular, the head is widened radially with respect to the longitudinal direction of the shank or projects radially beyond the shank with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shank, so that the anchor bolt forms a cap bolt typical of anchor rails.

The anchor holder has a first securing mechanism for securing to the head of the anchor bolt of the anchor rail and one or more second securing mechanisms for securing one or more anchors to the anchor holder.

The one or more anchors are in particular rod-shaped, in particular made of concrete bar steel (Betonstabstahl) and can have a head on one or each end and/or at other points, wherein the head can protrude over the shaft of the one or more anchors circumferentially or radially at one or more circumferential points.

The anchor holder preferably holds one or more anchors parallel to the shank of the anchor bolt of the anchor rail and/or at a distance from the head of the anchor bolt of not more than 0.3 times the distance from the upper side of the anchor rail facing away from the anchor bolt. This means the distance of the axis of the shank of the anchor bolt from the rod-shaped anchor. With a last embodiment of the invention, it should be achieved that the anchor or anchors connect the fracture cone (ausbruckegel) to the surrounding concrete and thus prevent the concrete from breaking out of the concrete when the anchor rail is subjected to tensile stresses perpendicular to the surface of the concrete. The breaking cone is a cone made of concrete, which is supposed or actually breaks out of the concrete when an overload occurs, and whose tip or top surface is located on the head of the anchor bolt and whose bottom surface is located on the surface of the concrete.

In order to transmit the load from the head of the anchor bolt into the concrete, one embodiment of the invention provides that the first fastening means has a receptacle for the head of the anchor bolt. In particular, the receptacle is formed in the form of a recess. This does not exclude that one or more undercuts (hinderschneidung) of the first fixing means for fixing the anchor holder on the head of the anchor bolt overlap the side of the head of the anchor bolt designed as a cap bolt facing the anchor rail. However, more than 50% of the face of the side of the head of the cap bolt facing the anchor rail should be exposed in order to transfer the load from the head of the cap bolt directly into the concrete without the anchor holder interfering with the load transfer of the cap bolt. Preferably, at least 2/3, at least 3/4, or at least 90% of the face of the side of the head of the cap bolt facing the anchor rail is exposed.

One embodiment of the invention provides a recess for receiving the head of the anchor bolt, which serves as the first fixing means of the anchor holder according to the invention. The recess can have one or more undercut portions, for example in the form of beads, on its circumference, which overlap or engage into the side of the head of the anchor bolt facing the anchor rail, so that the anchor holder can snap onto the head of the anchor bolt of the anchor rail in the manner of a button.

One embodiment of the invention provides one or more slots open at one end as second fastening means, into which the one or more anchoring elements can be inserted and held in a clamping manner. The one or more slits have a plurality of widened portions into which the one or more anchoring elements can bite.

One embodiment of the invention provides an anchor holder having a star-like shape with arms projecting radially or in any case outwards from the center. The first fixing means for fixing the anchor holder to the head of the anchor bolt of the anchor rail is located in the center of the star and the second fixing means is located on or in the arms of the star at a distance from the first fixing means.

A further development of the invention provides a second fixing mechanism for anchors with different cross sections, in particular for anchors with different diameters. That is, the anchor holder has at least two second securing mechanisms, wherein each of the two second securing mechanisms is configured to receive an anchor having a particular diameter that is different from a diameter of a corresponding other anchor. A second fixing mechanism matching the anchor used is used, while the other second fixing mechanism of the anchor holder can be left empty.

The anchoring rail according to the invention with the features of claim 9 and the arrangement of the anchoring rail in concrete according to the invention with the features of claim 10 have been explained above by means of an explanation of the anchor holder.

The anchor holder is preferably fixed to the end of the anchor bolt remote from the upper side of the anchor rail, i.e. to the head thereof.

The anchor holders preferably hold one or more anchors parallel to the shank of the anchor bolts of the anchor rail, which is arranged with its upper side flush with the surface of the concrete, and/or at a distance of not more than 0.3 times the distance of the heads of the anchor bolts from the surface of the concrete. Thus, as already mentioned, it should be achieved that the one or more anchoring elements connect the breaking cone with the surrounding concrete in order to prevent the concrete from breaking.

The one or more anchoring elements are preferably rod-shaped and/or straight, L-shaped, that is to say bent once, or Z-shaped, that is to say bent twice in opposite or different directions. The bending of the anchor improves the load transfer into the concrete. In particular, the anchor is made of concrete bar steel.

The anchor holder according to the invention is produced in particular as a cost-effective injection-molded part from plastic. The anchor holder is in particular produced in one piece, that is to say as one part.

The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description, the embodiments and the embodiments of the invention and the features and feature combinations mentioned below in the description of the figures and/or shown in the figures can be used not only in the respectively described or shown combination but also in principle in any other combinations or alone. Embodiments of the invention are possible without all the features of the dependent claims. Each feature of the claims can also be replaced by other disclosed features or combinations of features. Embodiments of the invention are possible which do not have all the features of the examples, but rather have in principle any arbitrary part of the characterizing features of the examples.

Drawings

The invention is explained in detail below with the aid of embodiments shown in the drawings. In which is shown:

FIG. 1 shows an anchor holder according to the present invention in a perspective view; and is

Fig. 2 shows a cross section of an anchor rail with an anchor holder according to the invention in a partially illustrated and simplified illustration.

Detailed Description

The anchor holder 1 according to the invention shown in fig. 1 consists of plastic in the present exemplary embodiment and has the shape of a star with a center 2, which can also be understood as a hub and from which arms 3 project radially, which can also be understood as spokes projecting outward from the hub.

In the center 2, the anchor holder 1 has a cylindrical recess 20 which serves as a receptacle 19 for the head 6 of the anchor bolt 7. In the present embodiment, the anchor bolt 7 has a typical cap bolt shape. The receptacle 19 has a coaxial through-hole 4 at its base. The receptacle 19 forms a first fixing means 5 for fixing the anchor holder 1 on the head 6 of the anchor bolt 7 of the anchor rail 8, which is shown in fig. 2. Circumferentially and spaced apart from the substrate, the recess 20 in the center 2 of the anchor holder 1, which forms the first fixing means 5, has a latching projection 23, which forms the undercut 9, with which the anchor holder 1 for fixing on the head 6 of the anchor bolt 7 of the anchor rail 8 can be snapped onto the head 6 similarly to a push button.

The arms 3 of the anchor holder 1 are keyhole-shaped, viewed in the axial direction toward the anchor holder 1, and have open slots 21 at the outer ends remote from the center 2, which form second fastening means 10 for fastening the rod-shaped anchor 11 to the anchor holder 1. As can be seen in fig. 1, in each second arm 3 of the anchor holder 1, the circular widened portion 22 at the inner end close to the center 2, which forms the keyhole-shaped slit 21 of the second fixing means 10, has a larger diameter than the slit 21 in the arm 3 lying therebetween. Thereby, anchors 11 having different diameters can be fixed to the anchor holder 1. In the present exemplary embodiment, the anchor holder 1 has six arms 3 and therefore three second fixing means 10 for the anchor 11 with the smaller diameter and three second fixing means 10 for the anchor 11 with the larger diameter. The anchor 11 bites into a keyhole-shaped slot 21 forming the second fastening means 10 from the outside.

As can be seen in fig. 2, the anchoring rail 8 according to the invention has a rectangular tubular cross section, which in one side, here referred to as the upper side 13, has a longitudinal slit 12 running through it in the longitudinal direction of the anchoring rail. The longitudinal slot 12 is used for receiving a not shown hammer head or a not shown slide of a hammer head screw for fastening a not shown machine tool, for example, to the anchor rail 8.

The anchor bolts 7 project from the side of the anchor rail 8 opposite the upper side 13 and referred to here as the underside 14, in the longitudinal center plane of the anchor rail 8 in the present exemplary embodiment, in a direction away from the upper side 13. The anchor bolt 7 has a shank 15 which is welded, for example, to the underside 14 of the anchor rail 8 and which has a head 6 at its end remote from the underside 14.

As can be seen in fig. 2, the anchor rail 8 is concreted with its upper side 13 flush with the surface 16 of the foundation, for example made of concrete 17, and is anchored in the concrete 17 with anchor bolts 7 projecting into the concrete 17, wherein the heads 6 of the anchor bolts 7, which are embodied as cap bolts, form a seat in the concrete 17.

In order to hold the anchor 11 in the concrete 17 during the pouring of the concrete 17 embedded in the anchor rail 8, the anchor 11 is fixed to the anchor bolt 7 of the anchor rail 8 with the anchor holder 1 before the concrete 17 is poured. For this purpose, the anchor holder 1 is snapped onto the head 6 of the anchor bolt 7 and the anchor 11 with the same diameter is snapped into the second fixing means 10 adapted thereto, wherein the anchor holder 1 can first be snapped onto the head 6 and the anchor 11 can then be snapped into the second fixing means 10 in the arm 3 of the anchor holder 1 or vice versa.

The recess 20 in the center 2 of the anchor holder 1, which forms the first fastening means 5, exposes the surface of the head 6 of the anchor bolt 7 facing the anchor rail 8 to the greatest possible extent, covering only a negligibly small region on the circumference of the head 6, where the latching projection, which forms the undercut 9, overlaps the head 6. The head 6 thus directly transfers the load into the concrete 17.

The anchor 11 is a straight rod made of concrete bar steel with grooves for increasing its support in the concrete 17, which can be bent at one end as shown on the right in fig. 2 or at both ends as shown on the left in fig. 2, so that the straight rod is L-shaped or Z-shaped. For example, an anchor 11 (not shown) with one or two cap-bolt-like widenings at one or both ends can also be considered. The anchor holder 1 holds the anchor 11 parallel to the shank 15 of the anchor bolt 7 of the anchor rail 8 and spaced apart from the shank 15 of the anchor bolt 7. The radial distance of the anchoring element 11 from the shank 15 of the anchor bolt 7 is not more than 0.3 times the distance of the head 6 of the anchor bolt 7 from the upper side 13 of the anchor rail 8 facing away from the anchor bolt 7. If the anchor rail 8 is cast into the concrete with its upper side 13 flush with the surface 16 of the concrete 17, as provided, the radial distance of the anchor element 11 from the shank 15 of the anchor bolt 7 is not more than 0.3 times the distance of the head 6 from the surface 16 of the concrete 17. This means the distance of the axis of the anchor 11 from the axis of the shank 15 of the anchor bolt 7 at the point where the anchor holder 1 holds the anchor 11. This is achieved in that the anchoring element 11 connects the breaking cone 18 to the surrounding concrete 17, i.e. the anchoring element 11 projects from the breaking cone 18 into the surrounding concrete 17. The breaking cone 18, which is depicted by a dashed line in fig. 2, is a virtually conical breaking point in the concrete 17, which is assumed or, in the event of failure of the anchoring, is actually torn out of the concrete 17 together with the anchoring rail 8. The tip or small top surface of the break-off cone 18 is located on the head 6 of the anchor bolt 7 and the bottom surface of the break-off cone 18 is located at the surface 16 of the concrete 17. The anchoring element 11 improves the anchoring of the anchoring rail 8 in the concrete 17 by blocking such fractures that arise from the concrete 17 by: the anchor connects the break cone 18 with the surrounding concrete 17.

The load of the anchor bolts 7 of the anchor rail 8 is transferred from the concrete 17 to the anchor 11. The anchor holder 1 is used only for fixing the anchor 11 during the concrete casting until the concrete 17 hardens.

The anchor rail 8 cast in the concrete 17 with its anchor bolt 7, the anchor holder 1 fixed on the head 6 of the anchor bolt 7 and the anchor 11 fixed on the anchor holder 1 form an arrangement according to the invention.

List of reference numerals

1 Anchor retainer

2 center

3 arm part

4 straight through hole

5 first fixing mechanism

6 head

7 anchoring bolt

8 anchoring rail

9 undercut portion

10 second fixing mechanism

11 anchoring element

12 longitudinal slit

13 upper side

14 underside

15 rod part

16 surface

17 concrete

18 breaking cone

19 accommodating part

20 recess

21 gap

22 widening part

23 snap lock tabs.

Claims

1. Anchor holder for fixing one or more rod-shaped anchors (11) to an anchor bolt (7) of an anchor rail (8), wherein the anchor bolt (7) has a shank (15) extending in a longitudinal direction and has a head (6), characterized in that the anchor holder (1) has a first fixing means (5) for fixing the anchor holder (1) to the head (6) of the anchor bolt (7) of the anchor rail (8) and one or more second fixing means (10) for fixing one or more anchors (11) to the anchor holder (1).

2. The anchor holder of claim 1, wherein the anchor holder (1) holds the one or more anchors (11) parallel to the anchor bolts (7).

3. Anchor holder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the second fixing means (10) holds the one or more anchors (11) at a spacing from the anchor bolt (7) which is not more than 0.3 times the spacing of the head (6) of the anchor bolt (7) from the upper side (13) of the anchor rail (8) facing away from the anchor bolt (7).

4. The anchor holder as claimed in one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first fixing means (5) have a receptacle (19), in particular in the form of a recess (20), for the head (6) of the anchor bolt (7) of the anchor rail (8).

5. Anchor holder according to claim 4, characterized in that the receptacle (19) has an undercut (9) below which the head (6) of the anchor bolt (7) of the anchor rail (8) can be snapped in.

6. The anchor holder as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor holder (1) has one or more slits (21) which are open at the end, in particular with a widening (22), which serve as second fixing means (10) for the one or more anchors (11).

7. The anchor holder as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor holder (1) has the shape of a star, the first fixing means (5) for fixing the anchor holder (1) on the anchor bolts (7) of the anchor rail (8) being arranged in the centre (2) of the star, and the second fixing means (10) being arranged on the arms (3) of the star at a distance from the first fixing means (5).

8. The anchor holder as claimed in one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor holder (1) has a second fixing mechanism (10) for anchors (11) having different cross sections, in particular for anchors (11) having different diameters.

9. Anchoring rail with an anchoring bolt (7) having a shank (15) extending in the longitudinal direction and having a head (6), characterized in that an anchor holder (1) according to one or more of the preceding claims is fixed on the head (6) of the anchoring bolt (7) and in that one or more rod-shaped anchors (11) are fixed on the second fixing means (10) of the anchor holder (1).

10. Arrangement of an anchor rail (8) in concrete (17), wherein the anchor rail (8) has an anchor bolt (7) which in turn has a shank (15) extending in a longitudinal direction and a head (6) which expands radially with respect to the longitudinal direction with respect to the shank (15), the head being embedded in the concrete (17), characterized in that one or more anchors (11) which are also embedded in the concrete (17) are fixed on the anchor bolt (7) with an anchor holder (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 7.

11. Arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that the anchor holder (1) is fixed on the head (6) of the anchor bolt (7) of the anchor rail (8).

12. The arrangement according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the anchor holder (1) holds one or more anchors (11) parallel to the anchor bolts (7) of the anchor rail (8) and/or with a spacing of not more than 0.3 times the spacing of the upper side (13) of the anchor rail (8) facing away from the anchor bolts (7) from the heads (6) of the anchor bolts (7) and/or not more than 0.3 times the spacing of the anchor holder (1) from the surface (16) of the concrete (17), wherein the anchor rail (8) is arranged sunk in the concrete (17).

13. Arrangement according to one or more of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the one or more anchors (11) are straight, L-shaped or Z-shaped.