Low-surface-energy copolyester hot melt adhesive and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a copolyester hot melt adhesive and a synthesis preparation method thereof, in particular to the copolyester hot melt adhesive suitable for bonding low surface energy materials and the preparation method thereof.
Background
The polyester hot melt adhesive is a solvent-free green environment-friendly adhesive which is rapidly developed in recent ten years, is mainly connected through ester groups among chain links, has the advantages of rapid bonding, simple process, excellent heat resistance, aging resistance and the like, and can be widely applied to industries of clothes, packaging, wood and the like.
However, the conventional polyester hot melt adhesive structure contains a large amount of ester bonds, so that the polarity of the product is generally higher, thereby limiting the application of the product in the field of low surface energy materials. In order to reduce the surface energy of the polyester hot melt adhesive, CN107325272A discloses a semi-aromatic polyester hot melt adhesive containing an organic silicon macromolecular block and a preparation method thereof, which mainly introduces an organic silicon glycol macromolecular block into the semi-aromatic polyester hot melt adhesive, reduces the glass transition temperature of the product, improves the low-temperature flexibility and the bonding stability of the product, and simultaneously improves the bonding performance of the product to the difficult-to-bond materials such as silicon-treated fabrics. In addition, fluorine is the strongest among known elements, and the bond energy of the C-F bond is higher and the bond length is longer, so that the surface energy of the polyester hot melt adhesive can be reduced by introducing the fluorine into the polyester hot melt adhesive structure. However, because the raw materials of the organosilicon and fluorine products are expensive and not easily available, the introduction of the organosilicon and fluorine products into a polyester hot melt adhesive system will inevitably increase the cost of the polyester hot melt adhesive, and further limit the industrial application of the organosilicon and fluorine products.
Therefore, how to obtain a novel low surface energy copolyester hot melt adhesive to expand the application market of the copolyester hot melt adhesive becomes a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a novel low-surface-energy copolyester hot melt adhesive and a preparation method thereof, so that the copolyester hot melt adhesive prepared by the invention has a low surface energy characteristic, and has excellent bonding effect and water washing resistance when a low-surface-energy material is bonded and applied.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the copolyester hot melt adhesive with low surface energy comprises main materials and auxiliary materials, wherein the main materials comprise dibasic acid and dihydric alcohol, and the auxiliary materials comprise a catalyst and an antioxidant. Wherein the dibasic acid is composed of a mixture of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and sebacic acid; the dihydric alcohol is composed of glyceryl monostearate, butanediol, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol mixture
The molar ratio of the dibasic acid to the dihydric alcohol is 1: 1.5;
and among the dibasic acids, terephthalic acid: isophthalic acid: the mole ratio of sebacic acid is 1: 0.23-0.57: 0.03 to 0.1;
and among the diols, glyceryl monostearate: butanediol: diethylene glycol: the molar ratio of the ethylene glycol is as follows: 1: 0.3-0.75: 0.2-0.38: 0.17 to 0.38;
in the dihydric alcohol, the glycerin monostearate is dihydric alcohol containing 17 side alkane long chains, and the structural formula of the glycerin monostearate is specifically as follows:
the catalyst is tetrabutyl titanate, and the addition amount of the tetrabutyl titanate is 0.05 percent of the total mass of the dibasic acid;
the antioxidant is 1010, and the addition amount of the antioxidant is 0.03 percent of the total mass of the dibasic acid.
The preparation method of the low-surface-energy copolyester hot melt adhesive comprises the following steps:
(1) adding dibasic acid consisting of a mixture of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and sebacic acid, dihydric alcohol consisting of a mixture of glyceryl monostearate, butanediol, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol, and a catalyst into a reaction kettle according to a preset proportion, wherein the reaction temperature is 165-225 ℃, and the esterification reaction is finished when the amount of water produced by the reaction reaches 9% or more of the theoretical water yield;
(2) adding a predetermined amount of antioxidant into the product obtained in the step (1), carrying out reduced pressure polycondensation reaction at 235-250 ℃ under the condition of 90-180 Pa, and finishing the polycondensation reaction after 1.5-2 h;
(3) introducing nitrogen, removing vacuum, and discharging when it is hot.
In the invention, the glyceryl monostearate is mainly used for reducing the surface energy of the system and enhancing the water resistance of the system; the terephthalic acid and the isophthalic acid are used for ensuring the bonding performance of the product; the sebacic acid is used for reducing the glass transition temperature of the system and improving the flexibility of the product; butanediol, diethylene glycol and ethylene glycol are mainly used for adjusting the melting point of the product and reducing the product cost.
The invention has the advantages that: the material of glyceryl monostearate is creatively introduced into the system, and the integral material proportion is designed. Because the glyceryl monostearate is dihydric alcohol containing 17 side alkane long chains, and methyl and methylene are hydrophobic chain segments, after the system is crystallized, the hydrophobic chain segments of the long alkane side chains of the glyceryl monostearate are transferred to the surface of the copolyester hot melt adhesive, so that the surface energy of the product is reduced, and the bonding performance and the water washing resistance of the product to the low-surface-energy material are greatly improved. Meanwhile, as the glyceryl monostearate material has wide source and lower price, the application field of the low-surface-energy polyester hot melt adhesive can be effectively expanded.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further specifically described with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Adding mixed dibasic acid consisting of 109.65g of terephthalic acid, 62.13g of isophthalic acid and 13.35g of sebacic acid, mixed dihydric alcohol consisting of 236.65g of glycerin monostearate, 44.61g of butanediol, 26.26g of diethylene glycol and 15.36g of ethylene glycol and 0.09g of catalyst into an esterification kettle for reaction, wherein the initial reaction temperature is 165 ℃, gradually raising the temperature to 225 ℃, and finishing the esterification reaction when the water generated by the reaction reaches more than 95% of the theoretical water yield; adding 0.06g of antioxidant, controlling the reaction temperature to be 235-250 ℃ and the vacuum to be 90-180 Pa, performing polycondensation reaction, and finishing the polycondensation reaction after 1.5-2 h; and introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle to relieve vacuum, and discharging while the reaction kettle is hot to obtain the low-surface-energy copolyester hot melt adhesive A1.
Example 2
Adding mixed dibasic acid consisting of 127.92g of terephthalic acid, 47.51g of isophthalic acid and 8.9g of sebacic acid, mixed dihydric alcohol consisting of 295.81g of glycerin monostearate, 35.69g of butanediol, 22.76g of diethylene glycol and 13.31g of ethylene glycol and 0.09g of catalyst into an esterification kettle for reaction, wherein the initial reaction temperature is 165 ℃, gradually raising the temperature to 225 ℃, and finishing the esterification reaction when the water generated by the reaction reaches more than 95% of the theoretical water yield; adding 0.06g of antioxidant, controlling the reaction temperature to be 235-250 ℃ and the vacuum to be 90-180 Pa, performing polycondensation reaction, and finishing the polycondensation reaction after 1.5-2 h; and introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle to relieve vacuum, and discharging while the reaction kettle is hot to obtain the low-surface-energy copolyester hot melt adhesive A2.
Example 3
Adding mixed dibasic acid consisting of 146.19g of terephthalic acid, 32.89g of isophthalic acid and 4.45g of sebacic acid, mixed dihydric alcohol consisting of 354.97g of glycerin monostearate, 26.77g of butanediol, 21.01g of diethylene glycol and 10.24g of ethylene glycol, and 0.09g of catalyst into an esterification kettle for reaction, wherein the initial reaction temperature is 165 ℃, gradually raising the temperature to 225 ℃, and finishing the esterification reaction when the water generated by the reaction reaches more than 95% of the theoretical water yield; adding 0.06g of antioxidant, controlling the reaction temperature to be 235-250 ℃ and the vacuum to be 90-180 Pa, performing polycondensation reaction, and finishing the polycondensation reaction after 1.5-2 h; and introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle to relieve vacuum, and discharging while the reaction kettle is hot to obtain the low-surface-energy copolyester hot melt adhesive A3.
Example 4
Adding mixed dibasic acid consisting of 127.92g of terephthalic acid, 51.17g of isophthalic acid and 4.45g of sebacic acid, mixed dihydric alcohol consisting of 295.81g of glycerin monostearate, 41.64g of butanediol, 21.01g of diethylene glycol and 10.24g of ethylene glycol and 0.09g of catalyst into an esterification kettle for reaction, wherein the initial reaction temperature is 165 ℃, gradually raising the temperature to 225 ℃, and finishing the esterification reaction when the water generated by the reaction reaches more than 95% of the theoretical water yield; adding 0.06g of antioxidant, controlling the reaction temperature to be 235-250 ℃ and the vacuum to be 90-180 Pa, performing polycondensation reaction, and finishing the polycondensation reaction after 1.5-2 h; and introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle to relieve vacuum, and discharging while the reaction kettle is hot to obtain the low-surface-energy copolyester hot melt adhesive A4.
Example 5
Adding mixed dibasic acid consisting of 127.92g of terephthalic acid, 43.86g of isophthalic acid and 13.35g of sebacic acid, mixed dihydric alcohol consisting of 295.81g of glycerin monostearate, 29.74g of butanediol, 26.26g of diethylene glycol and 15.36g of ethylene glycol and 0.09g of catalyst into an esterification kettle for reaction, wherein the initial reaction temperature is 165 ℃, gradually raising the temperature to 225 ℃, and finishing the esterification reaction when the water generated by the reaction reaches more than 95% of the theoretical water yield; adding 0.06g of antioxidant, controlling the reaction temperature to be 235-250 ℃ and the vacuum to be 90-180 Pa, performing polycondensation reaction, and finishing the polycondensation reaction after 1.5-2 h; and introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle to relieve vacuum, and discharging while the reaction kettle is hot to obtain the low-surface-energy copolyester hot melt adhesive A5.
Performance testing
The product A1-A5 obtained in each embodiment and three commercially available copolyester hot melt adhesives with the conventional melting point of 120-130 ℃ are subjected to performance test comparison. Wherein the melting point test is referred to GB/T19466-2004; the peel strength test is referred to GB 11402-; the contact angle test is referred to GB/T30693-; the surface energy calculation method refers to a van Os-Chaudhury-Good method.
The specific results are shown in table 1 below:
table 1: and (5) comparing the performance test with a table.
From the above table 1, it is apparent that the low surface energy polyester hot melt adhesive prepared by the present invention has a suitable melting point, has a suitable pressing temperature, and is suitable for the existing process operation; compared with a comparative example, the copolyester hot melt adhesive prepared by the invention has better peel strength to conventional polar fabrics such as polyester cotton and the like, and the water washing resistance is also improved; particularly, the adhesive has better peel strength to the super-hydrophobic fabric and the non-polar material PP; from the test of water contact angle, it can be seen that the copolyester hot melt adhesive prepared by the invention is hydrophobic; the further calculation of the surface energy data also shows that the polyester hot melt adhesive prepared by the invention has lower surface energy and can be effectively and widely applied to the bonding field of low-surface-energy materials.