CN114075350A - Carbon black coupling agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Carbon black coupling agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K5/20—Carboxylic acid amides
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/02—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
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- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon black coupling agent, a preparation method and application thereof, and a rubber composition containing the carbon black coupling agent. The carbon black coupling agent is prepared by mixing and reacting a polyamine compound and a fatty acid organic substance. The carbon black coupling agent structurally comprises at least one suspended amino functional group and at least one unsaturated double bond, and is used for preparing a rubber composition, wherein the suspended amino functional group can react with an active group existing on the surface of carbon black, so that the intermolecular force of the carbon black is weakened, and the dispersion of the carbon black in rubber is improved; the carbon black coupling agent can also generate coupling effect with rubber, improve the binding property of the rubber and the carbon black and prevent the rubber material from flocculating in the storage and vulcanization processes. The carbon black coupling agent of the invention has a crosslinking reaction with rubber in the rubber vulcanization process, and effectively improves the physical properties of rubber materials. The preparation method of the carbon black coupling agent is simple and efficient, and the raw materials are low in price and wide in source.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon black reinforced rubber products, and relates to a carbon black coupling agent, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The carbon black is a reinforcing filler with the largest dosage in the rubber industry, and has an important effect on improving the physical and mechanical properties of rubber and a processing technology; there are data showing that: 80 percent of carbon black in the rubber industry is used in the rubber tire industry, and the production efficiency, the service performance and the service life of the rubber tire are closely related to the carbon black.
The main components of the tire are natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber and carbon black, wherein the carbon black is one of the main raw materials of the rubber tire, and the physical and mechanical properties of the rubber tire, such as strength, wear resistance and the like, can be obviously improved. Taking tire tread rubber as an example, the wet skid resistance of the tire tread can be obviously improved by using a proper amount of high-structure-degree long-chain carbon black in the formula of the tire tread rubber, so that the running safety of a vehicle is improved; when the natural rubber is singly used for producing the tire, the abrasion-resistant carbon black with a certain proportion is filled, so that the indexes of abrasion resistance, elasticity, tearing strength and the like of the rubber material can be obviously improved. However, the groups on the surface of carbon black (the edge free radical hydroxyl/carboxyl/lactone/quinone groups on the layer surface, and the microcrystalline edge formed by two parts of tiny crystal and amorphous carbon on the surface of carbon black is considered as the highest surface activity of carbon black.) are difficult to be uniformly dispersed in rubber due to the special property of the surface property of carbon black, thereby influencing the dispersion effect and various mechanical properties in rubber. In most cases, the carbon black does not completely reach a finely dispersed state of aggregates in the rubber. Therefore, the inherent performance is not fully exerted, and there is room for improvement in rolling resistance and abrasion resistance. How to prepare the carbon black coupling agent is to be further researched, so that the dispersibility of the carbon black can be obviously improved while the rubber has better vulcanization characteristic when the carbon black coupling agent is applied to rubber, and the improvement of the physical and mechanical properties of rubber products is still needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a carbon black coupling agent and application thereof in the field of rubber.
The invention provides a carbon black coupling agent, which has a structure shown in a formula (I):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
R1any one selected from linear or branched unsaturated hydrocarbon groups of C6-C30; preferably, R1One selected from linear or branched C6-C22 unsaturated hydrocarbon groups;
R2any one or more of alkyl selected from linear or branched C1-C30 alkyl chain, linear or branched C1-C30 unsaturated alkyl, C3-C6 cycloaromatic alkyl, C3-C6 naphthenic alkyl, long-chain acyl and alkylamino; preferably, R2Selected from straight or branched chainsAny one or more of alkyl of a C6-C22 alkyl chain of the chain, unsaturated alkyl of C6-C22 of a straight chain or a branched chain, aromatic hydrocarbon of C6, naphthenic hydrocarbon of C6, long-chain acyl and alkylamino;
n is an integer of 1 to 1200; preferably, n is an integer of 1 to 1100.
The structure of the carbon black coupling agent comprises at least 1 pendant amino functional group and comprises at least one unsaturated double bond.
The carbon black coupling agent has the following advantages:
(1) the carbon black coupling agent of the present invention, the structure of which comprises at least one pendant amino functional group, is used for preparing rubber compositions, and the pendant amino functional group of which can react with a carboxyl group present on the surface of carbon black to form an ionic bond and can even form a covalent bond by producing an amide group. Meanwhile, the amino group may exist with lactone, hydroxyl and the like to form a hydrogen bridge with a functional group on the surface of the carbon black. Therefore, the carbon black coupling agent of the present invention can weaken intermolecular forces of carbon black and improve dispersion of carbon black in rubber.
(2) The carbon black coupling agent structurally comprises at least one unsaturated double bond, and the double bond of the carbon black coupling agent can be attacked by the free radical formed by rubber under the mechanical action, so that the carbon black coupling agent can be coupled with rubber, and the binding property of the rubber and the carbon black is improved. Therefore, the carbon black coupling agent of the present invention can effectively improve the interaction between the carbon black filler and the rubber polymer, and prevent the rubber compound from flocculating during storage and vulcanization.
(3) The carbon black coupling agent of the invention has a crosslinking reaction with rubber in the rubber vulcanization process, and can effectively improve the physical properties of rubber materials.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the carbon black coupling agent, which comprises the step of carrying out amidation reaction on the fatty acid organic matter and the polyamine compound to prepare the carbon black coupling agent.
Wherein the fatty acid organic matter is one or more of C6-C30 unsaturated hydrocarbyl chain carbon olefine acids; preferably one or more of the C6-C22 unsaturated hydrocarbyl chains.
Wherein the polyamine compound is one or more of saturated or unsaturated polyamine of C1-C30, polyethyleneimine, cyclohexanediamine, p-phenylenediamine and 1, 8-diazabicycloundecen-7-ene; preferably one or more of saturated or unsaturated polyamines of C6-C22, polyethyleneimine, cyclohexanediamine, p-phenylenediamine, 1, 8-diazabicycloundec-7-ene.
All raw materials of the invention are commercial products.
Wherein the molar ratio of the fatty acid organic compounds to the polyamine compounds is 1.0: (0.00001-1.0); preferably, 1.0: (0.00001-0.8).
Wherein the reaction temperature is 10-190 ℃; preferably, it is 10 to 180 ℃; further preferably from 20 to 180 ℃.
Wherein the reaction time is 1-7 h; preferably, it is 3-6 h.
Wherein, the reaction of the fatty acid organic substance and the polyamine compound can be carried out under the condition of no solvent.
The preparation method of the carbon black coupling agent specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) putting fatty acid organic matters into a reactor, heating to 100-140 ℃, introducing nitrogen for protection, and taking out a small amount of water in the fatty acid organic matters;
(2) and then, continuously adding the polyamine compound into the reaction container according to the molar ratio, continuously reacting at 20-190 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen atmosphere, distilling at normal pressure or under reduced pressure until no water is taken out, cooling, discharging and filling to obtain a finished product.
In the step (1), the heating temperature is preferably 100-130 ℃.
In the step (2), the molar ratio of the fatty acid organic substance to the polyamine compound is 1.0: (0.00001-1.0); preferably, 1.0: (0.00001-0.8).
In the step (2), the reaction temperature is 10-190 ℃; preferably, it is 10 to 180 ℃; further preferably from 20 to 180 ℃.
The invention also provides the carbon black coupling agent prepared by the method.
The invention also provides application of the carbon black coupling agent in rubber and tires.
The invention also provides a rubber composition containing the carbon black coupling agent, which contains the following components in 100 parts by weight of rubber: 100 parts of rubber, 5.0-80.0 parts of carbon black, 2.0-8.0 parts of environment-friendly aromatic oil, 1.0-6.0 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-4.0 parts of stearic acid, 0.5-3.0 parts of protective wax, 0.5-3.0 parts of sulfur, 0.5-3.0 parts of accelerator, 1.0-4.0 parts of anti-aging agent and 1.0-10.0 parts of carbon black coupling agent.
Preferably, the rubber composition containing the carbon black coupling agent comprises, based on 100 parts by weight of the rubber: 20.0-99.0 parts of natural rubber, 1.0-30.0 parts of butadiene rubber, 10.0-80.0 parts of carbon black, 2.0-6.0 parts of environment-friendly aromatic oil, 2.0-6.0 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-3.5 parts of stearic acid, 0.5-2.5 parts of protective wax, 0.5-2.5 parts of sulfur, 0.5-2.5 parts of accelerator, 1-3.5 parts of anti-aging agent and 2.0-10.0 parts of carbon black coupling agent.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the rubber composition, which comprises the following steps:
step (1): adding 100 parts by weight of natural rubber into an internal mixer for plasticating for 30 seconds, then adding 15 parts by weight of carbon black and environment-friendly aromatic oil for mixing for 4.5 minutes, then discharging rubber at the temperature of 140 ℃ to obtain natural rubber carbon black master batch, and cooling and standing to room temperature;
step (2): adding the natural rubber carbon black master batch in the step (1) into an internal mixer for plasticating for 30S, then adding butadiene rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, protective wax, an anti-aging agent, residual carbon black and a carbon black coupling agent for mixing for 2.5min, discharging rubber, obtaining a section of master batch at the rubber discharge temperature of 155 ℃, and then cooling and standing to room temperature;
and (3): plasticating the primary master batch in the step (2) in an internal mixer for 30S, then adding sulfur and an accelerator for mixing for 1.5min, then discharging rubber at 105 ℃ to obtain secondary master batch, and cooling and standing to room temperature;
and (4): and (4) discharging the two-stage masterbatch from the open mill in the step (3) to obtain the rubber composition containing the carbon black coupling agent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the preparation method of the carbon black coupling agent provided by the invention is simple and efficient, and the raw materials are low in price and wide in source. The carbon black coupling agent of the present invention comprises at least one pendant amino functional group in its structure. The amino functional group can react with the active group on the surface of the carbon black to weaken the intermolecular force of the carbon black and improve the dispersion of the carbon black in the rubber. Furthermore, the structure of the carbon black coupling agent comprises at least one unsaturated double bond, so that the carbon black coupling agent can be coupled with rubber, the bonding property of the rubber and the carbon black is improved, and the rubber compound is prevented from flocculating in the storage and vulcanization processes. Meanwhile, the carbon black coupling agent of the invention has a crosslinking reaction with rubber in the rubber vulcanization process, thereby effectively improving the physical properties of rubber materials.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific embodiments, and all changes and advantages that can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept are intended to be embraced therein. The procedures, conditions, reagents, experimental methods and the like for carrying out the present invention are general knowledge and common general knowledge in the art except for the contents specifically mentioned below, and the present invention is not particularly limited.
Example 1
1mol of oleic acid is added into a reactor, the temperature is raised to 120 ℃, and N is introduced2Protecting and connecting a condensing device to take out water, keeping the temperature for 30min, then slowly adding 0.55mol of p-phenylenediamine into the reaction container, continuing to react for 4h, distilling at normal pressure for 30min, cooling and discharging to obtain the carbon black coupling agent.
Example 2
Feeding into a reactor1mol of oleic acid, heating to 120 ℃, and introducing N2Protecting and connecting a condensing device to bring out water, keeping the temperature for 30min, then slowly adding 0.52mol of dodecyl diamine into the reaction vessel, continuing to react for 4h, distilling at normal pressure for 30min, cooling and discharging to obtain the carbon black coupling agent.
Example 3
1mol of oleic acid is added into a reactor, the temperature is raised to 120 ℃, and N is introduced2Protecting and connecting a condensing device to take out water, keeping the temperature for 30min, then slowly adding 0.52mol of polyethyleneimine into the reaction vessel, continuing to react for 4h, distilling at normal pressure for 30min, cooling and discharging to obtain the carbon black coupling agent.
Example 4
1mol of linoleic acid is added into a reactor, the temperature is raised to 120 ℃, and N is introduced2Protecting and connecting a condensing device to bring out water, keeping the temperature for 30min, then slowly adding 0.001mol of polyethyleneimine into a reaction container, continuing to react for 4h, distilling at normal pressure for 30min, cooling and discharging to obtain the carbon black coupling agent.
Example 5
1mol of linoleic acid is added into a reactor, the temperature is raised to 120 ℃, and N is introduced2Protecting and connecting a condensing device to take out water, keeping the temperature for 30min, then slowly adding 0.55mol of p-phenylenediamine into the reaction container, continuing to react for 4h, distilling at normal pressure for 30min, cooling and discharging to obtain the carbon black coupling agent.
Example 6
Adding 1mol of linolenic acid into a reactor, heating to 120 ℃, and introducing N2Protecting and connecting a condensing device to take out water, keeping the temperature for 30min, then slowly adding 0.55mol of p-phenylenediamine into the reaction container, continuing to react for 4h, distilling at normal pressure for 30min, cooling and discharging to obtain the carbon black coupling agent.
Application example 1
The following table 1 shows the results of comparing the carbon black coupling agents prepared in examples 1-6 of the present invention with a control in a carbon black filled compound.
Samples were prepared as follows: 1. control group: compounds without the addition of the carbon black coupling agent prepared in the examples of the present invention; 2. compounds to which the carbon black coupling agents prepared in examples 1-6 of the present invention were added: the carbon black coupling agents prepared in examples 1-6 of the present invention were added to the control rubber compound in an amount of 2% of the rubber content. The formula of the rubber material of the control group comprises the following components in parts by weight: natural rubber NR 90, butadiene rubber BR900010, carbon black N13450, environment-friendly oil P50S 2.5.5, zinc oxide 4.0, stearic acid 2.0, protective wax 1.0, antioxidant 6PPD 1.4, antioxidant RD 0.7, sulfur S1.3 and accelerator NS 1.5.
The rubber material mixing process comprises the following steps:
step (1): adding 90 parts by weight of natural rubber into an internal mixer for plasticating for 30S, then adding 15 parts by weight of carbon black and P50S for mixing for 4.5min, discharging rubber at the temperature of 140 ℃ to obtain natural rubber carbon black master batch, and cooling and standing for 20 h;
step (2): adding the natural rubber carbon black master batch obtained in the step (1) into an internal mixer for plasticating for 30S, then adding butadiene rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, protective wax, an anti-aging agent, residual carbon black and a carbon black coupling agent for mixing for 2.5min, then discharging rubber at the temperature of 155 ℃ to obtain a section of master batch, and then cooling and standing for 20 h;
and (3): plasticating the primary master batch in the step (2) in an internal mixer for 30S, then adding sulfur and an accelerator for mixing for 1.5min, then discharging rubber at 105 ℃ to obtain secondary master batch, and standing for 20 h;
and (4): and (4) discharging the two-stage masterbatch from the open mill in the step (3) to obtain the rubber composition containing the carbon black coupling agent.
TABLE 1 rubber stock Properties
As can be seen from the data of the vulcanization properties of the compounds in Table 1, compounds formulated with the addition of the carbon black coupling agents prepared in examples 1-6 of the present invention were compared to the controlT of10Is increased, and T90And is reduced. The results show that the carbon black coupling agent prepared in the embodiments 1 to 6 can prolong the scorching time of the rubber compound, improve the vulcanization speed of the rubber compound and contribute to improving the processing safety performance and the production efficiency of the rubber compound.
As can be seen from the Mooney viscosity data of the compounds in Table 1, the Mooney viscosity of the compounds in the formulations containing the carbon black coupling agents prepared in examples 1-6 of the present invention is slightly lower than that of the control group, and the results show that the carbon black coupling agents prepared in examples 1-6 of the present invention can improve the dispersion of carbon black in the compounds, help to improve the compatibility and interfacial action of the filler particles and the rubber matrix, and prevent the compounds from flocculating during storage and vulcanization.
As can be seen from the tensile property data of the rubber compound in Table 1, the tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength of the rubber compound in the formula containing the carbon black coupling agent prepared in the embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention are slightly increased compared with those of the control group, and the results show that the carbon black coupling agent prepared in the embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention can improve the stress strain property of the carbon black filled rubber compound. As can be seen by combining the thermal aging performance data of the rubber compounds in Table 1, the tensile strength, tensile elongation and tear strength of the rubber compounds prepared by adding the carbon black coupling agents prepared in the examples 1-6 of the invention maintain better stability compared with the control group, which indicates that the carbon black coupling agents prepared in the examples 1-6 of the invention can improve the thermal aging resistance of the carbon black filled rubber compounds.
From the DMA data of the rubber compound in Table 1, it can be seen that the addition of the carbon black coupling agent prepared in examples 1-6 of the present invention can effectively improve Tan δ at 0 ℃ and 60 ℃ of the rubber compound, compared with the control group, which indicates that the carbon black coupling agent prepared in examples 1-6 of the present invention can improve the wet skid resistance of the carbon black filled rubber compound and reduce the rolling resistance of the rubber compound. Flocculation of the filler increased the dynamic hysteresis loss of the vulcanizate, while the carbon black coupling agents prepared in examples 1-6 of the present invention reduced the dynamic hysteresis loss of the compound, thus further indicating that the carbon black coupling agents prevent flocculation of the compound during vulcanization.
As can be seen from the DIN abrasion index of the compounds of Table 1, the addition of the carbon black coupling agents prepared in examples 1-6 of the present invention improves the abrasion resistance of the carbon black filled compounds as compared to the control.
As can be seen from the compression heat generation data of the compounds of Table 1, the addition of the carbon black coupling agents prepared in examples 1-6 of the present invention effectively improved the dynamic heat buildup of the carbon black filled compounds as compared to the control.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A carbon black coupling agent comprising a compound having the structure represented by formula (i):
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
R1any one selected from linear or branched unsaturated hydrocarbon groups of C6-C30;
R2any one or more of alkyl selected from linear or branched C1-C30 alkyl chain, linear or branched C1-C30 unsaturated alkyl, C3-C6 cycloaromatic alkyl, C3-C6 naphthenic alkyl, long-chain acyl and alkylamino;
n is an integer of 1 to 1200.
2. The carbon black coupling agent according to claim 1, characterized in that its structure comprises at least 1 pendant amino function and comprises at least one unsaturated double bond.
3. The preparation method of the carbon black coupling agent is characterized in that fatty acid organic compounds and polyamine compounds are subjected to amidation reaction to prepare the carbon black coupling agent.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the fatty acid-based organic substance is one or more kinds of C6-C30 unsaturated hydrocarbyl chain C olefine acids; the polyamine compound is one or more of saturated or unsaturated polyamine of C1-C30, polyethyleneimine, cyclohexanediamine, p-phenylenediamine and 1, 8-diazabicycloundecen-7-ene.
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the molar ratio of the fatty acid-based organic substance to the polyamine-based compound is 1.0: (0.00001-1.0).
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the reaction temperature is 10-190 ℃; the reaction time is 1-7 h.
7. The method according to claim 3, wherein the reaction of the fatty acid-based organic substance with the polyamine-based compound is carried out in the absence of a solvent.
8. A carbon black coupling agent prepared by the method as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 7.
9. Use of the carbon black coupling agent according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8 in rubber and tires.
10. A rubber composition comprising the carbon black coupling agent according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 8.
11. The rubber composition according to claim 10, wherein the rubber composition comprises, based on 100 parts by weight of the rubber: 100 parts of rubber, 5-80 parts of carbon black, 2-8 parts of environment-friendly aromatic oil, 1-6 parts of zinc oxide, 0.5-4 parts of stearic acid, 0.5-3 parts of protective wax, 0.5-3 parts of sulfur, 0.5-3 parts of accelerator, 1-4 parts of anti-aging agent and 1-10 parts of carbon black coupling agent.
12. The method for producing a rubber composition according to claim 10 or 11, comprising the steps of:
step (1): adding 100 parts by weight of natural rubber into an internal mixer for plasticating for 30 seconds, then adding 15 parts by weight of carbon black and environment-friendly aromatic oil for mixing for 4.5 minutes, then discharging rubber at the temperature of 140 ℃ to obtain natural rubber carbon black master batch, and cooling and standing to room temperature;
step (2): adding the natural rubber carbon black master batch in the step (1) into an internal mixer for plasticating for 30S, then adding butadiene rubber, zinc oxide, stearic acid, protective wax, an anti-aging agent, residual carbon black and a carbon black coupling agent for mixing for 2.5min, discharging rubber, obtaining a section of master batch at the rubber discharge temperature of 155 ℃, and then cooling and standing to room temperature;
and (3): plasticating the primary master batch in the step (2) in an internal mixer for 30S, then adding sulfur and an accelerator for mixing for 1.5min, then discharging rubber at 105 ℃ to obtain secondary master batch, and cooling and standing to room temperature;
and (4): and (4) discharging the two-stage masterbatch from the open mill in the step (3) to obtain the rubber composition containing the carbon black coupling agent.
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| CN114752119A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-15 | 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 | Low-heat-generation rubber composition with excellent scorching performance, mixing method and application thereof, and tire |
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| CN114752119A (en) * | 2022-04-21 | 2022-07-15 | 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 | Low-heat-generation rubber composition with excellent scorching performance, mixing method and application thereof, and tire |
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