CN114074687B - Full-sealed grid bottom door device and railway hopper car - Google Patents
Full-sealed grid bottom door device and railway hopper car Download PDFInfo
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- CN114074687B CN114074687B CN202010801333.XA CN202010801333A CN114074687B CN 114074687 B CN114074687 B CN 114074687B CN 202010801333 A CN202010801333 A CN 202010801333A CN 114074687 B CN114074687 B CN 114074687B
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
- B61D7/02—Hopper cars with discharge openings in the bottoms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
- B61D7/14—Adaptations of hopper elements to railways
- B61D7/16—Closure elements for discharge openings
- B61D7/22—Sealing means thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
- B61D7/14—Adaptations of hopper elements to railways
- B61D7/16—Closure elements for discharge openings
- B61D7/24—Opening or closing means
- B61D7/28—Opening or closing means hydraulic or pneumatic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D7/00—Hopper cars
- B61D7/14—Adaptations of hopper elements to railways
- B61D7/32—Means for assisting charge or discharge
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Specific Sealing Or Ventilating Devices For Doors And Windows (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-sealed grid bottom door device and a railway hopper car. The bottom door device comprises a bottom door frame unit, a grid door unit, a first flexible sealing unit, a second flexible sealing unit and a driving unit; wherein, the bottom door frame units are two and are oppositely arranged; the bottom door frame unit comprises a longitudinal supporting part and a transverse connecting part, and the longitudinal supporting part is provided with a groove; the grid gate units are two and are oppositely arranged; the grid gate unit includes a grid plate; the two ends of the grid plate are inserted into the grooves and can slide in the grooves; when the bottom door device is closed, the transverse connection part can completely cover the gap formed between the adjacent grid plates; when the horizontal connecting part is opened, the horizontal connecting part is positioned right above the grid plates, and a leakage bin structure can be formed between the adjacent grid plates; the driving unit is arranged between the two grid door units and is used for driving the grid door units to slide along the length direction of the bottom door frame unit. The invention has better sealing performance and stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a railway hopper car bottom door device and a railway hopper car, in particular to a full-sealed grid bottom door device and a railway hopper car.
Background
The railway hopper car mainly transports particulate cargoes such as coal, ore, grain crops and the like, and along with the proposal of the concept of cost reduction, efficiency enhancement and lean saving, the problems of increasing the capacity of the hopper car and improving the inertial mass of the bottom door of the existing car are particularly important.
The bottom door structure of the railway hopper car is generally a transverse door opening structure and a longitudinal door opening structure. The bottom door is generally designed in a multi-funnel structure in consideration of the influence of various factors such as the strength, rigidity, layout of an operating mechanism, and repose angle of the flow of the cargo itself. The funnel structure is funnel type bottom door, and adopts the great wide-open bottom door of stroke, and funnel structure and bottom door style occupy than automobile body space big, and the limit utilization ratio is low. However, the bottom door is unstable when the mechanism is complex and the stroke is large. Moreover, the existing bottom door has poor sealing measures, which easily cause the invasion of cargoes into the gap between the door seams to cause the clamping stagnation of the opening and closing of the bottom door, and the risk of scattering during the transportation of small cargoes is caused when the existing bottom door is serious. In addition, the bottom door opening and closing mechanism has no flexible limiting device, and the rigid contact in the opening and closing process greatly reduces the service life of the bottom door.
In addition, the railway transportation automation level is still low, and most of the railway transportation automation level does not have automatic unloading capability, and the railway transportation automation level is usually only manually operated and does not have an automatic opening and closing function and a self-locking function.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a fully sealed grid bottom door device and a railroad hopper car that have good sealing performance, large space utilization, good opening and closing performance, and high degree of automation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fully-sealed grid bottom door device which has good sealing performance and high space utilization rate, solves the problems of scattering of small-grain cargo transportation and inertial mass caused by bottom door unloading clamping stagnation of the traditional hopper car, and has small occupied space and increased space utilization rate of the hopper car body. Furthermore, the invention can realize automatic opening and closing. Furthermore, the fully-sealed grid bottom door device has strong unloading stability. Another object of the present invention is to provide a railroad hopper car.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the aim.
The invention provides a full-sealed grid bottom door device which is arranged below an opening at the bottom of a hopper car body, wherein the number of the full-sealed grid bottom door devices is two, and the full-sealed grid bottom door device comprises a bottom door frame unit, a grid door unit, a first flexible sealing unit, a second flexible sealing unit, a third flexible sealing unit and a driving unit; wherein,
The number of the bottom door frame units is two, and the bottom door frame units are oppositely arranged; the bottom door frame unit comprises two longitudinal supporting parts, a first transverse supporting part, a second transverse supporting part and a transverse connecting part; the two longitudinal supporting parts are arranged in parallel, and a nearly rectangular structure is formed among the two longitudinal supporting parts, the first transverse supporting part and the second transverse supporting part; the side surfaces of the two longitudinal supporting parts are provided with grooves along the length direction; the transverse connection is located between the first and second transverse supports; two ends of the transverse connecting part are respectively connected with the two longitudinal supporting parts, and a silo leakage structure is formed between the adjacent transverse connecting parts; the groove is positioned below the transverse connecting part;
The number of the grid gate units is two, and the grid gate units are oppositely arranged; the grid door unit comprises grid plates and connecting plates, two ends of adjacent grid plates are respectively connected through the connecting plates, and a certain gap is formed between the adjacent grid plates; the two ends of the grid plate and the connecting plates are arranged to be inserted into the grooves and slide in the grooves; when the fully-sealed grid bottom door device is closed, the transverse connecting parts can completely cover gaps formed between adjacent grid plates; when the cross connecting part is opened, the cross connecting part is positioned right above the grid plates, and a leakage bin structure can be formed between the adjacent grid plates;
The first flexible sealing units are arranged on two sides of the transverse connecting part and used for sealing between the transverse connecting part and the grid plate; the second flexible sealing unit is arranged above the groove and is used for sealing the longitudinal supporting part, the grid plate and the connecting plate; the third flexible sealing unit is arranged on the first transverse supporting part and the second transverse supporting part and is used for sealing between the first transverse supporting part and the grid plate and between the second transverse supporting part and the grid plate;
The driving unit is arranged between the two grid door units and is used for driving the grid door units to slide along the length direction of the bottom door frame unit, so that the full-sealed grid bottom door device is opened or closed. The bottom door device has good sealing performance and high space utilization rate, solves the problems of scattering and inertial mass caused by bottom door unloading clamping stagnation in the transportation of small-grain cargoes of the traditional hopper car, and has small occupied space and increased space utilization rate of the body of the hopper car. Moreover, the bottom door device of the invention can realize automatic opening and closing.
In the invention, the hopper car body is provided with the middle beam, and the middle beam divides the hopper car body into two groups of hopper car body bottom openings. The full-sealed grid bottom door devices are two groups and are respectively positioned at two sides of the middle beam.
In the present invention, the opening and closing of the full-sealed grid bottom door device can be achieved by merely sliding the grid door unit by a distance of one grid plate width. Therefore, the bottom door device has stronger unloading stability and can improve unloading efficiency.
In the invention, the groove is positioned below the transverse connection part, and the grid plate and the connecting plate of the grid door unit are inserted into the groove of the bottom door frame unit, so that the sliding of the grid door unit is more stable. Through the setting of first flexible sealing unit and second flexible sealing unit, overcome traditional hopper car small particle goods transportation and scattered and caused the inertial mass problem of bottom door discharge jamming.
In the invention, the grid plate and the connecting plate can be hollow plates formed by the whole plate or hollow plates assembled and connected, and a plurality of hollow positions are arranged in parallel to form a grid. The grid plate can be integrally designed for an extruded aluminum profile. The thickness of the connecting plate can be smaller than that of the grid plate, so that friction force during sliding is reduced.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the groove is provided with a groove stop.
According to the fully-sealed grid bottom door device of the present invention, preferably, the transverse connection portion includes a first vertical plate, a first inclined plate, a second inclined plate, and a second vertical plate connected in sequence; a ridge-like structure is formed between the first inclined panel and the second inclined panel; the second vertical plates are parallel to and opposite to the first vertical plates, the first vertical plates are perpendicular to the grid plates, and the first vertical plates are located above the grid plates. Thus, when the bottom door device is opened, a hopper structure can be formed between adjacent grid plates, and unloading efficiency is improved.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, an included angle between the first inclined plate and the second inclined plate is 90 degrees or less.
According to the fully sealed grid bottom door device of the present invention, preferably, the lateral connecting portion is disposed in parallel with the first lateral supporting portion and the second lateral supporting portion; the wear-resistant lining plate is arranged in the groove, and the section of the wear-resistant lining plate is L-shaped. The wear-resistant lining plate is used for reducing friction loss caused by sliding of the grid door, and the wear-resistant lining plate can also limit the grid plate, so that the grid plate unit can only slide longitudinally and cannot move transversely and up and down. Thus being beneficial to improving the structural stability of the bottom door device and prolonging the service life of the bottom door device.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the first and second lateral support portions are each of approximately L-shaped cross-section.
According to the fully sealed grid bottom door device of the present invention, preferably, the ends of the two longitudinal support portions, which are far away from the first transverse support portion, are provided with free extension sections;
The bottom door frame unit further comprises two groups of end limiting bridges, wherein each end limiting bridge comprises a longitudinal flat plate, a longitudinal side plate, a friction plate and a buffer mechanism; the cross section formed between the longitudinal flat plate and the longitudinal side plate is of an approximately L-shaped structure, the longitudinal side plate is connected with the inner side of the free extending section, and the groove is positioned below the longitudinal side plate; the friction plate is arranged on the lower surface of the longitudinal flat plate; the number of the buffer mechanisms is two, and the buffer mechanisms are oppositely arranged on the longitudinal side plates. This is advantageous in improving the stability of the sliding of the grill door unit on the bottom door frame unit and in extending the service life of the bottom door device.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the damping mechanism is a spring-containing damping mechanism for damping sliding movement of the grille-door unit.
According to the fully sealed grid bottom door device of the present invention, preferably, the grid door unit further comprises a reinforcing beam, a hollow tube, a pull rod and an end yoke plate; wherein,
The reinforcing beam is arranged below the grid plate along the direction parallel to the grid plate, and the cross section formed by the reinforcing beam and the grid plate is of a structure similar to an I shape;
the hollow pipe is arranged below the grid plate along the direction perpendicular to the grid plate and penetrates through the reinforcing beam;
The pull rod passes through the hollow tube, and the length of the pull rod is longer than that of the hollow tube;
The two ends of the end connecting plate are arranged to be inserted into the grooves of the two longitudinal supporting parts and slide in the grooves, and the end connecting plate is also connected with the driving unit; the end connecting plate is contacted with one end of the hollow tube and is connected with one end of the pull rod; the other end of the pull rod is provided with a check ring, and the check ring is positioned outside the other end of the hollow tube and used for preventing the pull rod from being separated from the hollow tube. This is advantageous in improving stability of the sliding of the grill door unit.
In the invention, the pull rod is contacted with the two ends of the hollow pipe but not fixedly connected, one end of the pull rod is provided with an annular retainer ring which is tightly contacted with one end of the hollow pipe, the other end of the pull rod extends out of the other end of the hollow pipe, penetrates into a pull rod hole on the end yoke plate and is fixedly connected, and the end yoke plate is tightly contacted with the other end of the hollow pipe. When the driving unit positioned in the middle acts, force is transferred through the reaming holes of the duplex hinge plates of the driving unit, so that the end hinge plates are stressed and slide in the grooves of the two longitudinal supporting parts, and the pull rod is driven to move. When the bottom door moves towards the opening direction, the check ring on the pull rod is contacted with one end of the hollow pipe to bear force; when the hollow tube moves towards the closing direction of the bottom door, the hollow tube is stressed by contact with the end connecting plate, no matter whether the bottom door device is in the opening direction or the closing direction, the hollow tube is driven by pushing force and no pulling force to move the grid door unit, so that the strength of a connecting piece is effectively reduced, and the service life of the bottom door device is prolonged.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the hollow tubes and the tie rods are arranged in at least two groups for improving the stress stability and reliability of the grid door unit.
Preferably, the end yoke plate comprises a transverse flat plate, a transverse side plate, a block stop and a transverse airfoil surface, wherein,
A groove structure is formed between the two transverse flat plates and the transverse side plates, and an opening of the groove structure faces the driving unit; the transverse flat plate is arranged in parallel with the grid plate, and the pull rod is connected with the transverse side plate;
The block-shaped stop blocks are two groups, the block-shaped stop blocks comprise stop bodies and vertical stop blocks, the stop bodies comprise horizontal parts and vertical parts which are connected, the vertical parts are connected with two ends of the transverse flat plate and/or the transverse side plate, and the horizontal parts are positioned above the groove-shaped structure; the vertical stop block is arranged on the lower surface of the horizontal part;
the transverse airfoil surface is vertically connected with the vertical part of the stop body, can be inserted into the groove and can slide in the groove along the length direction of the longitudinal supporting part;
The block-shaped stop is arranged below the friction plate of the end limiting bridge, is positioned between the two buffer mechanisms of the end limiting bridge and is used for limiting the end connecting plate to slide in the end limiting bridge only. This is advantageous in limiting and buffering sliding of the grill door unit, so that stability of the bottom door device can be improved and the service life of the bottom door device can be prolonged.
In the invention, the block-shaped stop of the end connecting plate, the buffer mechanism of the end limiting bridge and the friction plate are oppositely arranged, so that the end connecting plate can be used for limiting the sliding of the grid door unit and giving buffer, and can be used for limiting in the horizontal direction and giving buffer and limiting in the vertical direction. The transverse airfoil is embedded in the groove for guiding the sliding of the grille-door unit. Thus, the stability of opening and closing the bottom door device can be improved, and the service life of the bottom door device can be prolonged.
In the present invention, the vertical stopper of the block stopper is not in contact with the lateral flat plate. The friction plate can be made of lubricated nylon.
According to the fully sealed grid bottom door device of the present invention, preferably, the end yoke plate further comprises a middle protrusion and two extensions; wherein,
The middle protruding part is vertically connected with the middle part of the transverse side plate, and an end yoke plate reaming hole is formed in the middle protruding part;
The two extending parts are vertically connected with the transverse side plate and are oppositely arranged; the two extension parts and the middle protruding part are positioned on the same side of the transverse side plate, and guide reaming holes are formed in the two extension parts. This facilitates the driving of the grid gate unit by the driving unit.
In the invention, the transverse side plate is also provided with a pull rod hole for the pull rod to penetrate and fix.
According to the fully sealed grid bottom door device of the present invention, preferably, the driving unit includes a driving cylinder, a first duplex hinge plate and a second duplex hinge plate; the driving cylinder is arranged between the first duplex hinge plate and the second duplex hinge plate and is hinged with one side of the first duplex hinge plate and one side of the second duplex hinge plate respectively; one end of the first double-hinge plate is hinged with one end of the second double-hinge plate, the other end of the first double-hinge plate is hinged with the end-hinge plate hinge hole, and the other end of the second double-hinge plate is hinged with the end-hinge plate hinge hole of the other grid door unit;
The full-sealed grid bottom door device further comprises guide plates, wherein long round sliding grooves are formed in two ends of each guide plate and are respectively connected with guide hinge holes of the two end connecting plates. Thus being beneficial to realizing the automatic opening and closing of the bottom door device.
In the invention, the two ends of the first duplex hinge plate and the second duplex hinge plate are respectively provided with a first hinge hole and a third hinge hole. And a second reaming hole is respectively arranged on one side of the first duplex hinge plate and one side of the second duplex hinge plate. And the second reaming is adjacent to the third reaming. The first hinge holes of the first duplex hinge plate are hinged with the first hinge holes of the second duplex hinge plate, and the third hinge holes of the first duplex hinge plate and the third hinge holes of the second duplex hinge plate are respectively connected with the end hinge plate hinge holes of the two grid door units. The second hinge holes of the first duplex hinge plate and the second hinge holes of the second duplex hinge plate are respectively hinged with two ends of the driving cylinder. The two guide plates are distributed on two sides of the driving cylinder. Two ends of the two guide plates are respectively hinged with the guide hinge holes of the two end connecting plates. The guide plate is provided with a long round chute; the guiding reaming holes on the two extension parts are connected with the long smooth groove in an embedded way. The guide plate can be used for movably guiding the end connecting plate and simultaneously serve as a rigid limit for the movement of the opposite end connecting plate so as to prevent the grid door from being pulled out of the bottom door frame when the flexible limit is damaged.
In the invention, the driving unit is acted by gravity, the third hinge holes of the first duplex hinge plate and the third hinge holes of the second duplex hinge plate have opposite directions of expansion, and the direction of closing the grid door unit is consistent, so that the bottom door device has certain gravity self-locking, and the bottom door device is not easy to open.
According to the fully-sealed grid bottom door device, preferably, the first flexible sealing unit, the second flexible sealing unit and the third flexible sealing unit respectively comprise a fixed clamping plate and a sealing strip, the fixed clamping plate comprises a fixed plate and a fixed groove arranged on the fixed plate, an opening of the fixed groove faces downwards, one end of the sealing strip can be inserted into the fixed groove, and the other end of the sealing strip can be attached to the upper surface of the grid plate. This is advantageous in improving the sealing performance of the bottom door device and in improving the unloading efficiency.
In the invention, the fixing plate can be fixedly arranged on the first transverse supporting part, the second transverse supporting part, the transverse connecting part and the longitudinal supporting part in a riveting, screwing, welding or embedding way and the like.
In the invention, the sealing strip is a flexible sealing strip, the lower part of the sealing strip is tightly contacted with the upper surface of the grid plate and has a certain pre-pressure, and the sealing strip can generate a certain contact deformation. The sealing strip can only move along the fixing groove of the fixing clamp plate, so that the sealing strip is convenient to replace. The sealing strip can be made of flexible sealing media such as hairbrushes, nonmetal scraping plates, rubber, felt or nylon.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the fixed clamping plate of the first flexible sealing unit is a first fixed clamping plate, and the sealing strip is a first sealing strip; the first fixing clamp plate comprises a first fixing plate and a first fixing groove; the first fixing plate comprises a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate which are connected, a certain included angle is formed between the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, and the first flexible sealing unit is oppositely arranged at two sides of the transverse connecting part; the first connecting plate is connected with the first inclined panel of the transverse connecting part, and the second connecting plate is connected with the first vertical plate of the transverse connecting part; the first fixing groove is arranged on one side of the second connecting plate, which is close to the first connecting plate.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the fixed clamping plate of the second flexible sealing unit is a second fixed clamping plate, and the sealing strip is a second sealing strip; the second fixing clamp plate comprises a second fixing plate and a second fixing groove; the second fixing plate is a vertical plate; the second fixing groove is arranged at the bottom of the second fixing plate; a longitudinal notch is arranged above the groove of the longitudinal supporting part, and the second fixed clamping plate is arranged at the longitudinal notch.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the fixing splint of the third flexible sealing unit is a third fixing splint, and the sealing strip is a third sealing strip; the third fixing clamp plate comprises a third fixing plate and a third fixing groove; the third fixing plate is a vertical plate; the third fixing groove is arranged in the middle of one side of the third fixing plate; the cross sections of the first transverse supporting part and the second transverse supporting part are approximate to L-shaped structures, a transverse notch is formed in one side of the first transverse supporting part or one side of the second transverse supporting part, and the third fixing clamping plate is arranged at the transverse notch.
In the present invention, the longitudinal support portion is a side beam. The first transverse support is a first end beam. The second transverse support is a second end beam. The side beam, the first end beam, the second end beam, the transverse connecting part and the fixing clamp plate can be integrally designed by adopting extruded aluminum profiles.
The invention also provides a railway hopper car which comprises the full-sealed grid bottom door device.
The full-sealed grid bottom door device has good sealing performance and stability. Further, the bottom door device can automatically open and close the bottom door, the limiting space at the bottom of the hopper car body can be fully utilized, the loading volume of the hopper car body is improved, and the unloading efficiency is obviously improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of a fully sealed grid bottom door device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a bottom door frame unit of a fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the bottom door frame unit and the grid door unit of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is an assembly schematic diagram of a transverse connection portion of a fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of the present invention and a first flexible sealing unit.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a first flexible sealing unit and a second flexible sealing unit of a fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an assembled schematic view of a third flexible sealing unit of a fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a first flexible sealing unit, a second flexible sealing unit and a third flexible sealing unit of a fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an end stop bridge of a bottom door frame unit of a fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of a grid gate unit of a fully sealed grid bottom gate apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a partial enlarged view of fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of an end yoke plate of a grid door unit of a fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic view of a driving unit of a fully sealed grid bottom gate apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of the relative positions of a fully sealed grid bottom door assembly and hopper car body of the present invention.
The reference numerals are explained as follows:
8-hopper car body; 9-a middle beam; 10-a fully sealed grid bottom door device; 100-a bottom door frame unit; 110-a longitudinal support; 111-grooves; 112-free extension; 120-a first lateral support; 130-a second lateral support; 140-transverse connection; 141-a first vertical plate; 142-a first ramp panel; 143-a second ramp panel; 144-a second vertical plate; 150-end limiting bridge; 151-longitudinal plates; 152-longitudinal side panels; 153-friction plate; 154-a buffer mechanism; 200-grid gate units; 210-grid plate; 220-connecting plates; 230-reinforcing the beam; 240-hollow tube; 250-pull rod; 251-check ring; 260-end yoke plates; 261-transverse plate; 262-transverse side plates; 2621-tie rod holes; 263-block stop; 21-a stop body; 22-vertical stops; 264-a transverse airfoil; 265-an intermediate projection; 266-extension; 300-a first flexible sealing unit; 310-a first fixed splint; 320-a first sealing strip; 400-a second flexible sealing unit; 410-a second fixed splint; 420-a second sealing strip; 500-a driving unit; 510-driving a cylinder; 520-a first duplex hinge plate; 530-a second duplex hinge plate; 540-a guide plate; 600-a third flexible sealing unit; 610-a third fixed splint; 620-third seal strip.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of a fully sealed grid bottom door device according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a bottom door frame unit of a fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the bottom door frame unit and the grid door unit of fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 1 and 13, the fully-sealed grid bottom door device 10 of the present embodiment is disposed below the bottom opening of the hopper car body 8, the hopper car body 8 is provided with a middle beam 9, and the middle beam 9 partitions the hopper car bodies into two groups of the bottom openings of the hopper car body 8. The number of the fully-sealed grid bottom door devices 10 is two, and the fully-sealed grid bottom door devices are respectively positioned at two sides of the middle beam 9.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus 10 includes a bottom door frame unit 100, a grid door unit 200, a first flexible sealing unit 300, a second flexible sealing unit 400, a third flexible sealing unit 600, and a driving unit 500.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the bottom door frame units 100 are two and disposed opposite to each other. The bottom door frame unit 100 includes two longitudinal support portions 110, a first lateral support portion 120, a second lateral support portion 130, and a lateral connection portion 140. The two longitudinal support portions 110 are arranged in parallel, and the first lateral support portion 120, the second lateral support portion 130 and the two longitudinal support portions 110 form a frame structure that is nearly rectangular. The side surfaces of the two longitudinal support portions 110 are provided with grooves 111 along the length direction thereof. The groove 111 is provided with a groove stop. The lateral connection portion 140 is located between the first lateral support portion 120 and the second lateral support portion 130, and is disposed in parallel. Two ends of the transverse connection portion 140 are respectively and vertically connected with the two longitudinal support portions 110, and a leakage bin structure is formed between the adjacent transverse connection portions 140. The recess 111 is located below the lateral connection 140. The groove 111 is internally provided with a wear-resistant lining plate, and the cross section of the wear-resistant lining plate is L-shaped.
The ends of the two longitudinal supports 110 remote from the first transverse support 120 each have a free extension 112.
As shown in fig. 2 and 8, the bottom door frame unit 100 further includes an end stop bridge 150. The end stop bridges 150 are two sets. The end stop bridge 150 includes a longitudinal plate 151, longitudinal side plates 152, friction plates 153 and a buffer mechanism 154. The longitudinal flat plate 151 and the longitudinal side plate 152 form a structure with a cross section approaching an L shape, the longitudinal side plate 152 is connected with the inner side of the free extension 112, and the groove 111 is positioned below the longitudinal side plate 152. The friction plate 153 is provided on the lower surface of the longitudinal plate 151. The buffer mechanisms 154 are two and are oppositely arranged on the longitudinal side plates 152.
As shown in fig. 1,3, 9, 10 and 11, the grid gate units 200 are two and are disposed opposite to each other. The grid gate unit 200 includes grid plates 210 and connection plates 220, both ends of adjacent grid plates 210 are respectively connected through the connection plates 220, and a certain gap is provided between the adjacent grid plates 210, and the gap width is less than or equal to the width of the transverse connection portion 140. Both ends of the grid plate 210 and the connection plates 220 are provided to be inserted into the grooves 111, and both ends of the grid plate 210 and the connection plates 220 are slidable in the grooves 111 along the length direction of the bottom door frame unit 100. The grid plate 210 is in contact with the upper surface of the wear resistant backing plate. When the fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus 10 is closed, the transverse connection 140 can completely cover the gap formed between the adjacent grid plates 210; when the fully sealed grid bottom gate apparatus is opened, the cross connection 140 is located directly above the grid plates 210 and enables a leaky bin structure to be formed between adjacent grid plates 210.
As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the lateral connection part 140 of the bottom door frame unit 100 includes a first vertical plate 141, a first inclined plate 142, a second inclined plate 143, and a second vertical plate 144, which are connected in sequence. A nearly ridge-like structure is formed between the first inclined plate 142 and the second inclined plate 143. The second vertical plate 144 is disposed parallel and opposite to the first vertical plate 141. The first vertical plate 141 is perpendicular to the grid plate 210, and the first vertical plate 141 is located above the grid plate 210. The second vertical plate 144 is located above the grid plate 210.
The grid door unit 200 further includes reinforcement beams 230, hollow tubes 240, tie rods 250, and end yoke plates 260.
The reinforcement beam 230 is disposed below the grid plate 210 in a direction parallel to the grid plate 210, and has a cross section similar to an i-shape with the grid plate 210. Both ends of the end yoke plate 260 are provided to be inserted into the grooves 111 of the two longitudinal support portions 110 and to be slidable in the grooves 111. The end yoke plate 260 is also connected to the driving unit 500.
The hollow tube 240 is disposed under the grid plate 210 in a direction perpendicular to the grid plate 210 and passes through the reinforcement beam 230. One end of the hollow tube 240 is in close contact with the end yoke plate 260.
The pull rod 250 passes through the hollow tube 240 in the length direction of the hollow tube 240, and the length of the pull rod 250 is greater than the length of the hollow tube 240. One end of the pull rod 250 is connected to the end yoke plate 260, and the other end of the pull rod 250 is provided with a retainer ring outside the hollow tube 240 for preventing the pull rod 250 from being separated from the hollow tube 240 and for applying a pushing force to the hollow tube 240.
The end yoke plate 260 includes a transverse flat plate 261, transverse side plates 262, block stops 263, transverse airfoil 264, intermediate projection 265, and two extensions 266. A groove structure is formed between the two lateral flat plates 261 and the lateral side plates 262, and an opening of the groove structure faces the driving unit 500. The lateral flat plate 261 is disposed in parallel with the grid plate 210, and the tie rods 250 are connected with the lateral side plates 262. The lateral side plate 262 is provided with a pull rod hole 2621, and the pull rod 250 passes through the pull rod hole 2621 to be fixedly connected with the lateral side plate 262. The block stoppers 263 are two groups, the block stoppers 263 comprise a stopper body 21 and a vertical stopper 22, the stopper body 21 comprises a horizontal portion and a vertical portion which are connected, the vertical portion is connected with two ends of the transverse flat plate 261 and/or the transverse side plate 262, and the horizontal portion is located above the transverse flat plate 261. The vertical stopper 22 is provided at the lower surface of the horizontal portion of the stopper body 21. The transverse airfoil 264 is connected perpendicularly to the vertical portion of the stop body 21. The transverse airfoil 264 is insertable into the recess 111 and is slidable within the recess 111 along the length of the longitudinal support 110. The block-shaped stop 263 is disposed below the friction plate 153 of the end-limiting bridge 150, and the block-shaped stop 263 is located between the two buffer mechanisms 154 of the end-limiting bridge 150, so as to limit the end-coupling plate 260 to slide only in the end-limiting bridge 150. The middle protrusion 265 is vertically connected to the middle of the lateral side plate 262, and the middle protrusion 265 is provided with an end yoke plate hinge hole. Two extensions 266 are connected perpendicularly to the lateral side plates 262 and are disposed opposite. Two extensions 266 are located on the same side of the lateral side plate 262 as the intermediate projection 265, and the two extensions 266 are provided with guide hinge eyes 66.
As shown in fig. 1 and 12, a driving unit 500 is provided between two grill door units 200 for driving the grill door units 200 to slide in the length direction of the bottom door frame unit 100, thereby opening or closing the hermetically sealed grill bottom door apparatus 10.
The driving unit 500 includes a driving cylinder 510, a first duplex hinge plate 520, and a second duplex hinge plate 530. The driving cylinder 510 is disposed between the first and second double hinge plates 520 and 530, and is hinged to one sides of the first and second double hinge plates 520 and 530, respectively. One end of the first double hinge plate 520 is hinged to one end of the second double hinge plate 530, the other end of the first double hinge plate 520 is hinged to an end hinge plate hinge hole, and the other end of the second double hinge plate 530 is hinged to an end hinge plate hinge hole of another grill door unit 200.
The fully sealed grid bottom door assembly also includes two guide plates 540. Both ends of the guide plate 540 are provided with oblong sliding grooves. Both ends of the guide plate 540 are respectively coupled with the guide hinge holes 66 of the two end coupling plates 260.
As shown in fig. 1,3, 4,5 and 6, the first flexible sealing units 300 are disposed at both sides of the lateral connection part 140 for sealing between the lateral connection part 140 and the grid plate 210. The second flexible sealing unit 400 is disposed over the groove 111 of the longitudinal support 110 for sealing between the longitudinal support 110 and the grid plate 210 and the connection plate 220. The third flexible sealing unit 600 is disposed on the first and second lateral support parts 120 and 130 for sealing between the first and second lateral support parts 120 and 130 and the grid plate 210.
The first, second and third flexible sealing units 300, 400 and 600 include a fixing splint and a sealing strip, respectively, the fixing splint includes a fixing plate and a fixing groove provided on the fixing plate, an opening of the fixing groove faces down, one end of the sealing strip can be inserted into the fixing groove, and the other end of the sealing strip can be attached to the upper surface of the grid plate 210. The fixing clips of the first flexible sealing unit 300 are disposed at both sides of the lateral connection part 140. The fixing clip of the second flexible sealing unit 400 is disposed on the groove 111 of the longitudinal support 110. The fixing clip of the third flexible sealing unit 600 is disposed on the first and second lateral support parts 120 and 130.
Example 2
The rest is the same as in example 1 except for the following structure:
As shown in fig. 4,5 and 7, the fixing splint of the first flexible sealing unit 300 is a first fixing splint 310, and the sealing strip is a first sealing strip 320. The first fixing clip 310 includes a first fixing plate and a first fixing groove, the first fixing plate includes a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate connected to each other, an included angle between the two is less than 180 degrees and greater than 120 degrees, the first connecting plate is connected to the first inclined plate or the second inclined plate of the lateral connecting portion, and the second connecting plate is connected to the first vertical plate or the second vertical plate of the lateral connecting portion. The first fixing groove is arranged on one side of the second connecting plate, which is close to the first connecting plate.
Example 3
The rest is the same as in example 2 except for the following structure:
As shown in fig. 3 and 7, the fixing splint of the second flexible sealing unit 400 is a second fixing splint 410, and the sealing strip is a second sealing strip 420. The second fixing clip 410 includes a second fixing plate and a second fixing groove. The second fixing plate is a vertical plate. The second fixed slot is arranged at the bottom of the second fixed plate. A longitudinal notch is provided above the groove of the longitudinal support portion 110, and the second fixing clip 410 is disposed at the longitudinal notch.
Example 4
The rest is the same as in example 3 except for the following structure:
As shown in fig. 5,6 and 7, the fixing splint of the third flexible sealing unit 600 is a third fixing splint 610, and the sealing strip is a third sealing strip 620. The third fixing clip 610 includes a third fixing plate and a third fixing groove. The third fixing plate is a vertical plate. The third fixed slot is arranged in the middle of one side of the third fixed plate. The cross sections of the first lateral supporting portion 120 and the second lateral supporting portion 130 are approximately in an L-shaped structure, a lateral notch is formed on one side of the first lateral supporting portion 120 or the second lateral supporting portion 130, and the third fixing clamping plate 610 is disposed at the lateral notch.
Example 5
A railroad hopper car comprising the fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of example 1, example 2, example 3, or example 4.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any modifications, improvements, substitutions, and the like, which may occur to those skilled in the art, fall within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The full-sealed grid bottom door device is arranged below an opening at the bottom of a hopper car body and is characterized by comprising two groups of full-sealed grid bottom door devices, wherein the full-sealed grid bottom door devices comprise a bottom door frame unit, a grid door unit, a first flexible sealing unit, a second flexible sealing unit, a third flexible sealing unit and a driving unit; wherein,
The two bottom door frame units are oppositely arranged; the bottom door frame unit comprises two longitudinal supporting parts, a first transverse supporting part, a second transverse supporting part and a transverse connecting part; the two longitudinal supporting parts are arranged in parallel, and a nearly rectangular structure is formed among the two longitudinal supporting parts, the first transverse supporting part and the second transverse supporting part; the side surfaces of the two longitudinal supporting parts are provided with grooves along the length direction; the transverse connection is located between the first and second transverse supports; two ends of the transverse connecting part are respectively connected with the two longitudinal supporting parts, and a silo leakage structure is formed between the adjacent transverse connecting parts; the groove is positioned below the transverse connecting part;
The grid gate units are two and are oppositely arranged; the grid door unit comprises grid plates and connecting plates, two ends of adjacent grid plates are respectively connected through the connecting plates, and a certain gap is formed between the adjacent grid plates; the two ends of the grid plate and the connecting plates are arranged to be inserted into the grooves and slide in the grooves; the thickness of the connecting plate is smaller than that of the grid plate; when the fully-sealed grid bottom door device is closed, the transverse connecting parts can completely cover gaps formed between adjacent grid plates; when the cross connecting part is opened, the cross connecting part is positioned right above the grid plates, and a leakage bin structure can be formed between the adjacent grid plates;
The first flexible sealing units are arranged on two sides of the transverse connecting part and used for sealing between the transverse connecting part and the grid plate; the second flexible sealing unit is arranged above the groove and is used for sealing the longitudinal supporting part, the grid plate and the connecting plate; the third flexible sealing unit is arranged on the first transverse supporting part and the second transverse supporting part and is used for sealing between the first transverse supporting part and the grid plate and between the second transverse supporting part and the grid plate;
the driving unit is arranged between the two grid door units and is used for driving the grid door units to slide along the length direction of the bottom door frame unit, so that the full-sealed grid bottom door device is opened or closed.
2. The fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of claim 1, wherein the transverse connection comprises a first vertical plate, a first diagonal plate, a second diagonal plate, and a second vertical plate connected in sequence; a ridge-like structure is formed between the first inclined panel and the second inclined panel; the second vertical plates are parallel to and opposite to the first vertical plates, the first vertical plates are perpendicular to the grid plates, and the first vertical plates are located above the grid plates.
3. The fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of claim 2, wherein the lateral connection is disposed in parallel with the first lateral support and the second lateral support; the wear-resistant lining plate is arranged in the groove, and the section of the wear-resistant lining plate is L-shaped.
4. A fully sealed grid bottom door assembly according to claim 3, wherein,
One end of each longitudinal supporting part far away from the first transverse supporting part is provided with a free extending section;
The bottom door frame unit further comprises two groups of end limiting bridges, wherein each end limiting bridge comprises a longitudinal flat plate, a longitudinal side plate, a friction plate and a buffer mechanism; the cross section formed between the longitudinal flat plate and the longitudinal side plate is of an approximately L-shaped structure, the longitudinal side plate is connected with the inner side of the free extending section, and the groove is positioned below the longitudinal side plate; the friction plate is arranged on the lower surface of the longitudinal flat plate; the number of the buffer mechanisms is two, and the buffer mechanisms are oppositely arranged on the longitudinal side plates.
5. The fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of claim 4, wherein the grid door unit further comprises a stiffening beam, a hollow tube, a tie rod, and an end yoke; wherein,
The reinforcing beam is arranged below the grid plate along the direction parallel to the grid plate, and the cross section formed by the reinforcing beam and the grid plate is of a structure similar to an I shape;
the hollow pipe is arranged below the grid plate along the direction perpendicular to the grid plate and penetrates through the reinforcing beam;
The pull rod passes through the hollow tube, and the length of the pull rod is longer than that of the hollow tube;
The two ends of the end connecting plate are arranged to be inserted into the grooves of the two longitudinal supporting parts and slide in the grooves, and the end connecting plate is also connected with the driving unit; the end connecting plate is contacted with one end of the hollow tube and is connected with one end of the pull rod; the other end of the pull rod is provided with a check ring, and the check ring is positioned outside the other end of the hollow tube and used for preventing the pull rod from being separated from the hollow tube.
6. The fully sealed grid bottom door assembly of claim 5, wherein the end yoke plates comprise transverse flat plates, transverse side plates, block stops and transverse airfoils, wherein,
A groove structure is formed between the two transverse flat plates and the transverse side plates, and an opening of the groove structure faces the driving unit; the transverse flat plate is arranged in parallel with the grid plate, and the pull rod is connected with the transverse side plate;
The block-shaped stop blocks are two groups, the block-shaped stop blocks comprise stop bodies and vertical stop blocks, the stop bodies comprise horizontal parts and vertical parts which are connected, the vertical parts are connected with two ends of the transverse flat plate and/or the transverse side plate, and the horizontal parts are positioned above the groove-shaped structure; the vertical stop block is arranged on the lower surface of the horizontal part;
the transverse airfoil surface is vertically connected with the vertical part of the stop body, can be inserted into the groove and can slide in the groove along the length direction of the longitudinal supporting part;
The block-shaped stop is arranged below the friction plate of the end limiting bridge, is positioned between the two buffer mechanisms of the end limiting bridge and is used for limiting the end connecting plate to slide in the end limiting bridge only.
7. The fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of claim 6, wherein the end yoke plate further comprises a middle tab and two extensions; wherein,
The middle protruding part is vertically connected with the middle part of the transverse side plate, and an end yoke plate reaming hole is formed in the middle protruding part;
The two extending parts are vertically connected with the transverse side plate and are oppositely arranged; the two extension parts and the middle protruding part are positioned on the same side of the transverse side plate, and guide reaming holes are formed in the two extension parts.
8. The fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus of claim 7, wherein the driving unit comprises a driving cylinder, a first duplex hinge plate, and a second duplex hinge plate; the driving cylinder is arranged between the first duplex hinge plate and the second duplex hinge plate and is hinged with one side of the first duplex hinge plate and one side of the second duplex hinge plate respectively; one end of the first double-hinge plate is hinged with one end of the second double-hinge plate, the other end of the first double-hinge plate is hinged with the end-hinge plate hinge hole, and the other end of the second double-hinge plate is hinged with the end-hinge plate hinge hole of the other grid door unit;
The full-sealed grid bottom door device further comprises guide plates, wherein long round sliding grooves are formed in two ends of each guide plate and are respectively connected with guide hinge holes of the two end connecting plates.
9. The fully-sealed grid bottom door device according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the first flexible sealing unit, the second flexible sealing unit and the third flexible sealing unit respectively comprise a fixing clamping plate and a sealing strip, the fixing clamping plate comprises a fixing plate and a fixing groove arranged on the fixing plate, an opening of the fixing groove faces downwards, one end of the sealing strip can be inserted into the fixing groove, and the other end of the sealing strip can be attached to the upper surface of the grid plate.
10. A railroad hopper car comprising a fully sealed grid bottom door apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010801333.XA CN114074687B (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2020-08-11 | Full-sealed grid bottom door device and railway hopper car |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010801333.XA CN114074687B (en) | 2020-08-11 | 2020-08-11 | Full-sealed grid bottom door device and railway hopper car |
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| CN114074687A CN114074687A (en) | 2022-02-22 |
| CN114074687B true CN114074687B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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| US6857376B2 (en) * | 2000-08-29 | 2005-02-22 | National Steel Car Limited | Vehicle carrying rail road car |
| US8915193B2 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-12-23 | National Steel Car Limited | Railroad car and door mechanism therefor |
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| CN104309614A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-01-28 | 南车眉山车辆有限公司 | One-way automatic-discharging hopper wagon |
| CN105329245A (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2016-02-17 | 南车长江车辆有限公司 | Combined type grid bottom door device and wagon hopper car |
| CN206406919U (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-08-15 | 中车山东机车车辆有限公司 | A kind of both sides unloading circular arc wrapper sheet railway special funnel car |
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| CN114074687A (en) | 2022-02-22 |
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