CN114074293A - Positioning and clamping fixture for processing shrouded blade - Google Patents
Positioning and clamping fixture for processing shrouded blade Download PDFInfo
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- CN114074293A CN114074293A CN202111520539.6A CN202111520539A CN114074293A CN 114074293 A CN114074293 A CN 114074293A CN 202111520539 A CN202111520539 A CN 202111520539A CN 114074293 A CN114074293 A CN 114074293A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
- B24B41/06—Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing, positioning and clamping fixture for a shrouded blade, which comprises: location bearing structure, upper portion compact structure and compress tightly anti-rotation structure. The positioning support structure is provided with a blade root positioning arc surface, a blade tip positioning arc surface, a first positioning column and a second positioning column, the blade root positioning arc surface and the blade tip positioning arc surface are used for supporting the blade, the blade is limited along the X axis of the width direction of the tenon of the blade and the Y axis of the vertical tenon tooth surface, and the first positioning column and the second positioning column are used for limiting the movement and the rotation of the blade along the Z axis of the blade body in the length direction. The upper pressing structure is connected above the positioning and supporting structure so as to respectively push and press the blade at the blade root positioning arc surface, the blade tip positioning arc surface and the first positioning column. The pressing anti-rotation structure is connected to the positioning support structure and located on one side of the blade, so that the air inlet edge in the middle of the blade body of the blade is pressed and limited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of processing of shrouded blades, in particular to a positioning and clamping fixture for processing of shrouded blades.
Background
The method is characterized in that after the equivalent of a runner of the edge plate surface of the blade is firstly processed, the edge plate is used for positioning and processing tenon teeth, and then the tenon teeth are used for positioning and processing the other machining parts of the blade. The other method is to directly position and process the tenon tooth through six points on the blade edge plate and the flow passage surface, and then position and process the rest parts by the tenon tooth. The six points of a conventional six point positioning fixture are typically distributed as follows: two points are on the plane of the lower edge plate of the blade, two points are on the end faces of the upper edge plate and the lower edge plate of the blade, one point is on the flow passage surface of the blade, and the other point is on the sawtooth plane of the blade shroud, as shown in figure 1. Because most positioning points are positioned on the surface to be processed of the part, the six-point positioning method can only be used for designing a fixture for grinding the tenon tooth, and can not realize the processing of multiple positions of the blade; and because the tenon tooth grinding allowance is large, the positioning points are crushed to different degrees after the parts are machined; most of the two methods are long in process route, and the processing efficiency and the processing consistency are poor after multiple times of clamping and reference conversion.
In order to realize the one-time clamping and processing of a plurality of parts, a certain company adopts low-melting-point alloy to cast the blade body, and the machining part of the blade is positioned and processed through the regular low-melting-point alloy, so that the procedure integration processing of the shrouded turbine blade is realized. The method has the disadvantages that firstly, a pouring process and a low melting point alloy removing process are added; secondly, the deformation exists in the cooling process of the low-melting-point alloy, so that the positioning precision is reduced; thirdly, the casting clamp is difficult to manufacture; fourthly, the pollution of the low-melting-point alloy is serious.
The requirement of processing a plurality of machined surfaces by one-time clamping can be realized by the method of hard clamping of the integral profile. The fixture has the disadvantages that the fixture is difficult to manufacture, and the positioning of the integral molded surface is difficult to be completely consistent with the theoretical molded surface; secondly, the precision requirement of the precision casting formed blank is high, the precision of the domestic precision casting blank is relatively poor, and the machining precision is poor due to the fact that the clamping deformation is easily caused by the fact that the profile of the blank is inconsistent with the profile of the clamp.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a processing, positioning and clamping fixture for a shrouded blade, and aims to solve the technical problems of long processing process route, low processing efficiency, poor processing consistency and easiness in clamping and deformation of parts in the existing clamping and positioning mode.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a take hat blade processing location clamping anchor clamps includes: the device comprises a positioning support structure for supporting and positioning a blade to be processed, an upper pressing structure for positioning and pressing the blade on the positioning support structure, and a pressing anti-rotation structure for preventing the blade from rotating in the pressing process; the positioning support structure is provided with a blade root positioning arc surface which is used for being attached to a blade back profile of a blade root part of the blade, a blade tip positioning arc surface which is used for being attached to a blade back profile of a blade tip part of the blade, a first positioning column which is used for being in point contact and abutting with the blade back profile of the middle part of a blade body of the blade, and a second positioning column which is used for being in point contact and abutting with a flow passage surface in the blade, wherein the blade root positioning arc surface and the blade tip positioning arc surface are used for supporting the blade and limiting the movement and rotation of the blade along an X axis of the width direction of a tenon of the blade and along a Y axis of a vertical tenon tooth surface, and the first positioning column and the second positioning column are used for limiting the movement and rotation of the blade along a Z axis of the length direction of the blade body; the upper pressing structure is connected above the positioning support structure so as to respectively push and press the blade at the blade root positioning arc surface, the blade tip positioning arc surface and the first positioning column; the pressing anti-rotation structure is connected to the positioning support structure and located on one side of the blade, so that the air inlet edge in the middle of the blade body of the blade is pressed and limited.
Furthermore, the positioning and supporting structure also comprises a blade root positioning block and a blade tip positioning block which are oppositely arranged and connected, a blade root positioning support block and a middle positioning support block which are supported on the blade root positioning block, and a blade tip positioning support block which is supported on the blade tip positioning block; the top of the blade root positioning support block is concave inwards to form a blade root positioning arc surface, and the top of the blade tip positioning support block is concave inwards to form a blade tip positioning arc surface; the first positioning column is connected to the middle positioning support block, and the second positioning column is connected to the blade root positioning support block.
Further, the blade tip positioning cambered surface is attached to the blade back profile part of the blade tip part of the blade.
Furthermore, a concave mounting groove is formed at the joint of the blade root positioning block and the blade tip positioning block; the middle positioning support block is arranged in the mounting groove, and the top of the middle positioning support block extends upwards to form the mounting groove; compress tightly the relative first locating column of anti-rotating structure and set up in the mounting groove, and compress tightly the spacing end of anti-rotating structure and upwards stretch out the gas inlet edge at mounting groove back butt blade body middle part.
Furthermore, the compression anti-rotation structure comprises a movable limiting block, a cylindrical pin, a compression screw and an elastic piece, wherein the movable limiting block is arranged along the length direction of the mounting groove; after the cylindrical pin penetrates through the movable limiting block, two ends of the cylindrical pin are respectively embedded into the blade root positioning block and the blade tip positioning block; the compression screw penetrates through the blade tip positioning block, and the end part of the compression screw is used for abutting against the fixed end of the movable limiting block; the elastic component is vertically installed in the blade root locating block, and the top end stretches out the bottom of the movable limiting block by pushing up after the blade root locating block to make the limiting end of the movable limiting block stretch out of the installation groove and then push up with the air inlet edge in the middle of the blade body.
Furthermore, the upper pressing structure comprises a hollow and cover-shaped pressing rooting piece, and the pressing rooting piece is positioned above the positioning support structure and is respectively connected with the blade root positioning block and the blade tip positioning block; the pressing rooting piece is internally provided with positioning surfaces which are respectively attached and positioned with two side surfaces and an outer wall surface of the root positioning support block and two side surfaces of the middle positioning support block so as to realize the quick installation of the pressing rooting piece.
Furthermore, the upper pressing structure also comprises a blade root pressing component arranged corresponding to the blade root positioning cambered surface, a blade tip pressing component arranged corresponding to the blade tip positioning cambered surface and a middle pressing component arranged corresponding to the first positioning column, wherein the blade root pressing component, the blade tip pressing component and the middle pressing component are respectively connected into the pressing rooting part; the blade root pressing component presses the blade basin molded surface at the blade root part of the blade corresponding to the blade root positioning cambered surface; the blade tip pressing component corresponds to the blade tip positioning cambered surface and presses the blade basin molded surface at the blade tip part of the blade; the middle pressing component presses the exhaust edge at the middle part of the blade body corresponding to the first positioning column.
Further, the blade root pressing component comprises a profile pressing block for pressing the blade downwards and a pushing screw for pushing the profile pressing block to act; the molded surface pressing block is arranged in the pressing rooting part in a vertical sliding manner; the pushing screw threads penetrate through the mounting top plate of the pressing rooting piece, the lower end of the pushing screw threads is used for downwards propping against the molded surface pressing block, and the opposite upper end of the pushing screw threads upwards penetrates out of the pressing rooting piece; the middle pressing component comprises a limit screw which is arranged in the mounting top plate in a penetrating mode through threads, and the lower end of the limit screw is used for abutting against an exhaust edge in the middle of the blade body.
Further, the blade tip pressing component comprises a self-adaptive pressing block for pressing the blade downwards and a screw for pushing the self-adaptive pressing block to act; the screw thread penetrates through the mounting top plate of the pressing rooting piece; the self-adaptation briquetting activity is installed on the lower end of screw rod to be used for the position that the automatic adjustment contradicts with the leaf basin profile at blade apex position.
Furthermore, the top of the self-adaptive pressing block is provided with an inwards concave mounting screw hole and a movable unthreaded hole communicated with the mounting screw hole, and the surface of the self-adaptive pressing block, which is abutted against the blade basin molded surface at the blade tip part of the blade, is a spherical surface; the outer circle of the upper end of the screw rod is provided with left-handed threads in threaded connection with the mounting top plate, the outer circle of the lower end of the screw rod is provided with external threads matched with the threads of the mounting screw hole, the outer diameter of the middle part of the screw rod is shrunk inwards to form a thin shaft neck which does not interfere with the mounting screw hole, and the end face of the lower end of the threads is a cambered surface.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention designs a positioning and clamping fixture for processing a shrouded blade, which is suitable for a five-axis grinding machine tool, so that the blade is clamped on the five-axis grinding machine tool once to process a plurality of surfaces to be processed (tenon teeth, flange plates, tenon end surfaces, blade canopy surfaces and other parts), the process route is simplified, the processing efficiency is improved, and the processing consistency is good; according to the positioning clamping fixture, the blade body is not required to be cast by the low-melting-point alloy, so that the defects of casting the low-melting-point alloy and the problem of clamping deformation caused by blank errors during integral profile hard clamping can be effectively avoided, the blade is clamped and machined at multiple positions at one time, the part clamping frequency is reduced, the machining efficiency is improved, and the machining precision and the machining stability are high; according to the positioning and clamping fixture for processing the shrouded blade, the molded surface and the points are combined for positioning (the blade root positioning arc surface, the blade tip positioning arc surface, the point A3 and the point C6), so that the pressing damage of parts caused by singly adopting point positioning is effectively avoided, the blade is stable in clamping and positioning and reliable in clamping, the five-axis grinding processing efficiency is high, one set of fixture replaces multiple original sets of fixtures, and the high-precision processing requirement of the blade is met.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional six-point positioning profile;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the spatial structure of a blade to be machined according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the blade of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional orientation of the blade root taken along line D-D in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the E-E tip section orientation of FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the F-F orientation of the blade profile point of FIG. 3;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a positioning support blade of the positioning support structure of the positioning and clamping fixture according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the assembly of the pressing rotation-preventing structure and the positioning support structure in the positioning and clamping fixture according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a first schematic view of the assembly of the pressing rooting member and the positioning support structure in the positioning and clamping fixture of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the assembly of the pressing rooting member and the positioning support structure in the positioning and clamping jig of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic front view of a positioning and clamping fixture for processing a shrouded blade according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a view of the compression of J-J of FIG. 11 toward the root of the blade;
FIG. 14 is a view of FIG. 11 with K-K compressed toward the middle of the blade body;
FIG. 15 is a view of FIG. 11 taken at L-L compression toward the blade tip;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of the tip hold down member of FIG. 15.
Description of the figures
10. Positioning the support structure; 101. a blade root positioning arc surface; 102. a blade tip positioning cambered surface; 103. mounting grooves; 11. a first positioning post; 12. a second positioning column; 13. a blade root positioning block; 14. a blade tip positioning block; 15. a blade root positioning support block; 16. a middle positioning support block; 17. a blade tip positioning support block; 20. an upper compression structure; 21. compressing the rooting part; 22. molding surface pressing blocks; 23. pushing the screw; 24. self-adaptive briquetting; 241. mounting a screw hole; 242. a movable unthreaded hole; 243. spherical surface; 25. a screw; 251. left-handed threads; 252. a thin journal; 253. a cambered surface; 26. a limit screw; 30. pressing the anti-rotation structure; 31. a movable limiting block; 32. A cylindrical pin; 33. a compression screw; 34. an elastic member; 40. a blade.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
Referring to fig. 2 to 6, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a shrouded blade machining positioning and clamping fixture, including: the blade positioning and pressing device comprises a positioning and supporting structure 10 for supporting and positioning a blade 40 to be processed, an upper pressing structure 20 for positioning and pressing the blade on the positioning and supporting structure 10, and a pressing and rotation-preventing structure 30 for preventing the blade from rotating in the pressing process. The positioning support structure 10 is provided with a blade root positioning arc surface 101 for being attached to a blade back profile of a blade root part, a blade tip positioning arc surface 102 for being attached to a blade tip profile of a blade tip part, a first positioning column 11 for being in point contact and abutting with the blade back profile in the middle of a blade body of the blade, and a second positioning column 12 for being in point contact and abutting with a flow passage surface in the blade, wherein the blade root positioning arc surface 101 and the blade tip positioning arc surface 102 are used for supporting the blade, limiting the movement and rotation of the blade along an X axis of the blade in the tenon width direction and along a Y axis of a vertical tenon tooth surface, and the first positioning column 11 and the second positioning column 12 are used for limiting the movement and rotation of the blade along a Z axis of the blade in the length direction. The upper pressing structure 20 is connected above the positioning support structure 10 to respectively push and press the blade at the root positioning arc surface 101, the tip positioning arc surface 102 and the first positioning column 11. The pressing anti-rotation structure 30 is connected to the positioning support structure 10 and located on one side of the blade, so as to press and limit the air inlet edge in the middle of the blade body of the blade.
The positioning and supporting structure 10 in the positioning and clamping fixture for processing the shrouded blade is designed according to the following concept: in order to realize the purpose of clamping and processing a plurality of surfaces to be processed of the blade at one time, the new positioning scheme cannot adopt the traditional six-point positioning distribution, and if the six-point positioning is still adopted, points can be taken only at positions, such as the blade body, the flow channel and the like of the blade, which do not need to be machined. As shown in fig. 2, when a positioning point is selected on the blade body, the blade basin surface is an inward concave surface, and the width of the blade body is usually small, which is not beneficial to the design of the positioning point structure and the stable positioning of the blade; the back surface of the blade is similar to a cylindrical surface, so that the blade is difficult to limit to rotate around the Z axis; the leading edge and the trailing edge of the blade are difficult to accurately position due to the large casting tolerance (usually about 0.3 mm); on the other hand, when the point positioning of the blade body is adopted, if the blade body is crushed, the blade is scrapped, so that the method of completely adopting the point positioning is not suitable. Therefore, during actual design, the blade root part is close to the tenon casting head, the blade body profile precision is high, the blade root part is close to the tenon, and the stress is large during grinding, so that the section of one blade root part can be selected for positioning, as shown in fig. 4; at this time, a section is selected at the blade tip part to limit the blade to rotate around the X axis or the Y axis, as shown in fig. 5, and in order to reduce the movement of the blade in the compressing process, the blade root section and the blade tip section are both selected in the direction of a blade basin as positioning surfaces, and the blade back is compressed in the direction of the blade back; at this time, the blade needs to limit two degrees of freedom of movement along the Z axis and rotation around the Z axis, so that a point C6 is selected on the inner runner surface of the blade for positioning, the movement along the Z axis is limited, and an A3 point (where the profile precision is high) close to the exhaust edge of the blade is selected on the middle section of the blade body for limiting the rotation of the blade around the Z axis, as shown in FIG. 6; at this point the blade is fully positioned, as shown in fig. 7, and the positioning support structure is machined out of the profile as a reference during manufacture, and the profile positioning reference is transferred to the fixture surface.
During clamping, the blade back profile at the blade root part of the blade is abutted and positioned on the blade root positioning arc surface 101 of the positioning and supporting structure 10, and the blade back profile at the blade tip part of the blade is abutted and positioned on the blade tip positioning arc surface 102, so that the blade is supported through the matching of the blade root positioning arc surface 101 and the blade tip positioning arc surface 102, and the movement and the rotation of the blade along the X axis of the width direction of the tenon of the blade and the Y axis of the vertical tenon tooth surface are limited; then the first positioning column 11 is abutted against the point A3 on the blade back profile at the middle part of the blade body of the blade, and simultaneously the second positioning column 12 is abutted against the point C6 on the inner runner surface of the blade, and the movement and the rotation of the blade along the Z axis of the length direction of the blade body are limited through the matching action of the first positioning column 11 and the second positioning column 12, so that the support and the positioning of the blade are realized; and then, the compression anti-rotation structure 30 is abutted against the air inlet edge in the middle of the blade body of the blade for limiting, and finally, the upper compression structure 20 is connected, so that the blade is respectively abutted and pressed at the blade root positioning arc surface 101, the blade tip positioning arc surface 102 and the first positioning column 11, and the positioning and clamping of the blade are realized.
The invention designs a positioning and clamping fixture for processing a shrouded blade, which is suitable for a five-axis grinding machine tool, so that the blade is clamped on the five-axis grinding machine tool once to process a plurality of surfaces to be processed (tenon teeth, flange plates, tenon end surfaces, blade canopy surfaces and other parts), the process route is simplified, the processing efficiency is improved, and the processing consistency is good; according to the positioning clamping fixture, the blade body is not required to be cast by the low-melting-point alloy, so that the defects of casting the low-melting-point alloy and the problem of clamping deformation caused by blank errors during integral profile hard clamping can be effectively avoided, the blade is clamped and machined at multiple positions at one time, the part clamping frequency is reduced, the machining efficiency is improved, and the machining precision and the machining stability are high; according to the positioning and clamping fixture for processing the shrouded blade, the molded surface and the points are combined and positioned (the blade root positioning arc surface 101, the blade tip positioning arc surface 102, the point A3 and the point C6), so that the pressing damage of parts caused by singly adopting point positioning is effectively avoided, the blade is stable in clamping and positioning and reliable in clamping, the efficiency of five-axis grinding processing is high, one set of fixture replaces multiple original sets of fixtures, and the requirement of high-precision processing of the blade is met.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, the positioning and supporting structure 10 further includes a root positioning block 13 and a tip positioning block 14, which are oppositely disposed and connected, a root positioning branch block 15 and a middle positioning branch block 16, which are supported on the root positioning block 13, and a tip positioning branch block 17, which is supported on the tip positioning block 14. The top of the root positioning support block 15 is concave to form a root positioning arc surface 101, and the top of the blade tip positioning support block 17 is concave to form a blade tip positioning arc surface 102. The first positioning post 11 is connected to the middle positioning support 16, and the second positioning post 12 is connected to the root positioning support 15. The positioning support structure 10 is simple in structure and easy to process and prepare, and in order to facilitate clamp manufacturing, two molded surfaces of the positioning part comprise a blade tip positioning block 14, a blade root positioning block 13, a middle positioning support block 16 and the like, and the blade tip positioning block 14 and the blade root positioning block 13 are fixedly connected through pins and screws.
Preferably, as shown in FIG. 5, the tip positioning camber surface 102 is in contact with a blade back profile portion of the blade tip region. In actual design, because the blade profile and the blade tip section are twisted with each other, the blade tip section is not suitable for adopting the whole profile in order to reduce the influence of the mutual twisting of the sections on positioning, and therefore the 1/5 profile of the blade tip section is selected for positioning, namely the blade tip positioning cambered surface 102, so that the positioning error and the compression deformation caused by the mutual twisting of the blade profiles are reduced.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the connection between the root positioning block 13 and the tip positioning block 14 has a concave mounting groove 103. The middle positioning support block 16 is installed in the installation groove 103, and the top of the middle positioning support block extends upwards to form the installation groove 103. Compress tightly the relative first reference column 11 of rotation-proof structure 30 and set up in mounting groove 103, and compress tightly the spacing end of rotation-proof structure 30 and upwards stretch out the air inlet edge at mounting groove 103 back butt blade body middle part.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 8, the compression and rotation-prevention structure 30 includes a movable stopper 31 arranged along the length direction of the mounting groove 103, a cylindrical pin 32 for rotatably mounting the movable stopper 31, a compression screw 33 for fixing the movable stopper 31, and an elastic member 34 for pushing the movable stopper 31 to move. After the cylindrical pin 32 penetrates through the movable limiting block 31, two ends of the cylindrical pin are respectively embedded into the blade root positioning block 13 and the blade tip positioning block 14. The compression screw 33 is disposed through the blade tip positioning block 14, and the end thereof is used for abutting against the fixed end of the movable limiting block 31. The elastic element 34 is vertically installed in the blade root positioning block 13, and the top end of the elastic element extends out of the blade root positioning block 13 and abuts against the bottom of the movable limiting block 31, so that the limiting end of the movable limiting block 31 extends out of the installation groove 103 and abuts against the air inlet edge in the middle of the blade body.
The design idea of the compression anti-rotation structure 30 is as follows: after the two profiles of the blade back (the blade root positioning arc surface 101 and the blade tip positioning arc surface 102) and one positioning point of the middle section (point A3) are positioned, the blade is still easy to rotate around the Z axis in the compression process, and in order to prevent the blade from rotating in the compression process, a movable limiting block 31 shown in figure 8 is designed at the air inlet edge of the middle section of the blade. When the blade is in use, the movable limiting block 31 can rotate around the middle cylindrical pin 32 under the action of the elastic piece 34, and after the limiting end of the movable limiting block 31 abuts against the air inlet edge in the middle of the blade body, the compression screw 33 is screwed to enable the end part of the compression screw to abut against the fixed movable limiting block 31. In the pressing and rotation-preventing structure 30 of the present invention, a unique design of the movable limiting block 31 is adopted, the positioning is performed at the point a3 where the blade profile precision is high but the positioning stability is poor, and then the rotation of the blade is limited by the movable limiting block 31 where the blank tolerance is large but the limiting stability is stable, so that the accurate and stable positioning of the blade is realized.
The blade positioning operation is as follows: firstly, the compression screw 33 is loosened, then the spring end of the movable limiting block 31 is pressed by a right hand to make the movable limiting block 31 move away, then the left hand is installed in the blade to position the blade by the profile and the point, the blade is lightly pressed by the left hand to prevent the blade from moving, then the right hand is loosened to make the movable limiting block 31 contact with the air inlet edge of the middle part of the blade under the spring force action of the elastic part 34 (generally adopting a spring), then the compression screw 33 is screwed, so that the movable limiting block 31 blocks the air inlet edge of the blade, and at the moment, the air inlet edge of the blade is blocked by the movable limiting block 31, so that the blade is not rotated any more in the compression process. The blade positioning operation is simple, one person can complete the operation, an operator does not need to have related operation experience, and the blade positioning is stable and reliable.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the upper compacting structure 20 includes a hollow and cover-shaped compacting root piece 21, and the compacting root piece 21 is located above the positioning support structure 10 and is connected to the root positioning block 13 and the tip positioning block 14 respectively. The compressing rooting piece 21 is internally provided with positioning surfaces which are respectively attached and positioned with two side surfaces and an outer wall surface of the root positioning support block 15 and two side surfaces of the middle positioning support block 16, so as to realize the quick installation of the compressing rooting piece 21.
The design idea of pressing the root-taking member 21 in the upper pressing structure 20 is as follows: in order to facilitate quick replacement, the pressing rooting part 21 of the pressing structure is designed into a block structure and is combined with the positioning support structure 10 into a cuboid. The positioning support structure 10 and the pressing rooting piece 21 are mutually matched and positioned through the middle positioning support block 16 and the blade root positioning support block 15, chamfers of 1.5X15 degrees are respectively designed at the upper ends of the blade root positioning support block 15 and the middle positioning support block 16 as guides, so that the pressing rooting piece 21 and the positioning support structure 10 at the lower part can be conveniently and quickly installed; as shown in fig. 12, the upper pressing structure 20 is connected to the positioning support structure 10 by four screws, the four screws are loosened when the blade is installed, and after the upper pressing structure 20 is removed, the blade is installed in the positioning support structure 10, and then the upper pressing structure 20 is installed. The pressing rooting part 21 is designed in the shape of a cuboid, the pressing rooting part 21 is matched with the positioning support structure 10 in a surface-to-surface mode, accurate positioning is achieved, the blade profile reference is converted to the clamp square block, and therefore the clamp shape can be conveniently and quickly clamped after each part is installed in the clamp, and the quick reloading function is achieved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the upper pressing structure 20 further includes a root pressing member disposed corresponding to the root positioning arc surface 101, a tip pressing member disposed corresponding to the tip positioning arc surface 102, and a middle pressing member disposed corresponding to the first positioning column 11, and the root pressing member, the tip pressing member, and the middle pressing member are respectively connected to the pressing root-taking member 21. The blade root pressing member presses the blade basin profile at the blade root part of the blade corresponding to the blade root positioning cambered surface 101. The blade tip pressing member presses the blade basin-shaped surface at the blade tip part corresponding to the blade tip positioning cambered surface 102. The middle pressing component presses the exhaust edge at the middle part of the blade body corresponding to the first positioning column 11. In the design, in the positioning support structure 10, the blade root section, the blade tip section and the middle section are used, so that the design of the upper compressing structure 20 corresponds to the positioning support structure 10, and the blade root compressing member is respectively arranged at the blade root section, the blade tip compressing member is arranged at the blade tip section, and the middle compressing member is arranged at the middle section.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 13, the blade root pressing member includes a profile pressing piece 22 for pressing down the blade, and a pushing screw 23 for pushing the profile pressing piece 22 to act. The molded pressure block 22 is arranged in the pressing rooting part 21 in an up-and-down sliding manner. The pushing screw 23 is threaded through the installation top plate of the pressing rooting member 21, the lower end of the pushing screw is used for pushing the profile pressing block 22 downwards, and the opposite upper end of the pushing screw penetrates out of the pressing rooting member 21 upwards. When the design is carried out, the blade root part is subjected to large grinding force due to the processing of the tenon, and when the integral molded surface of the lower bottom surface of the molded surface pressing block 22 is adopted for positioning and is pressed by the integral molded surface, the pressing strength can be enhanced, the pressing force can be ensured, and the blade looseness in the processing process can be prevented; two sides of the molded surface pressing block 22 are respectively matched with the pressing rooting piece 21, so that the pressing position is accurate; because the square block type structure is compact, the middle of the molded surface pressing block 22 is hollowed, and the molded surface pressing block is pushed by the pushing screw 23, so that the integral structure is simple, the positioning operation is simple, and the clamping is simple.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 14, the middle pressing member includes a limit screw 26 threaded through the mounting top plate, and the lower end of the limit screw 26 is used for abutting against the exhaust edge in the middle of the blade body. The middle section is provided with a limit screw 26 which is matched with the first positioning column 11 and the movable limit block 31 to block the two ends of the air inlet edge and the air outlet edge of the blade, so that the rotation of the blade in the pressing process is further prevented.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 15, the tip pressing member includes an adaptive pressing block 24 for pressing down the blade, and a screw 25 for pushing the adaptive pressing block 24 to operate. The screw rod 25 is threaded through the mounting top plate of the pressing rooting member 21. The self-adaptive press block 24 is movably arranged on the lower end of the screw rod 25 and used for automatically adjusting the part which is abutted against the blade basin profile of the blade tip part.
In the embodiment of this alternative, as shown in fig. 16, the top of the adaptive pressure block 24 is provided with an inward concave mounting screw hole 241 and a movable unthreaded hole 242 communicated with the mounting screw hole 241, and a surface of the adaptive pressure block 24 abutting against the blade basin surface of the blade tip part is a spherical surface 243. The outer circle of the upper end of the screw rod 25 is provided with a left-handed thread 251 in threaded connection with the mounting top plate, the outer circle of the lower end of the screw rod 25 is provided with an external thread matched with the thread of the mounting screw hole 241, the outer diameter of the middle part of the screw rod 25 is retracted inwards to form a thin journal 252 which does not interfere with the mounting screw hole 241, and the end surface of the lower end of the thread is an arc surface 253.
The design idea of the blade tip pressing component is as follows: the section of the blade tip adopts a screw rod 25 to push a self-adaptive pressing block 24 to press the molded surface, the front section of the screw rod 25 is designed into a small section of thread to be matched with the thread of a mounting screw hole 241 of the self-adaptive pressing block 24, the middle part is cut small to form a thin shaft neck 252, and the tip is designed into a cambered surface 253 to push the self-adaptive pressing block 24. The middle part of the self-adaptive pressing block 24 is hollowed to form an installation screw hole 241 and a movable unthreaded hole 242, the movable unthreaded hole 242 is used for accommodating the tip of the screw 25, and the self-adaptive pressing block 24 can move freely after being installed in the screw 25. The contact part of the self-adaptive pressing block 24 and the blade profile is designed into a spherical surface 243, and the pressing direction is automatically adapted according to the blade shape during pressing. Because the blade profile exhaust edge is upward, the self-adaptive pressing block 24 is contacted with the blade by the exhaust edge during pressing, if a common thread is adopted, the self-adaptive pressing block 24 rotates in the pressing process to drive the blade to move towards the tenon direction, and the positioning position of the point C6 on the inner flow channel is loosened, so that the thread at the self-adaptive pressing block 24 is designed into a left-handed thread 251, the blade is subjected to friction force towards the blade tip direction in the pressing process, and the positioning stability of the point C6 is ensured.
Preferably, the contact parts of the molded pressure block 22, the limiting screw 26 and the self-adaptive pressure block 24 and the blade basin of the blade are all subjected to copper welding treatment, so that the blade is protected from being crushed.
The positioning and clamping fixture comprises the following use steps: loosening the blade root pressing member, the blade tip pressing member and the middle pressing member; loosening the screws at four positions between the upper pressing structure 20 and the positioning support structure 10; removing the upper compacting structure 20; loading the blades and positioning; loading the upper compacting structure 20; screwing down the screws at four positions between the upper pressing structure 20 and the positioning support structure 10; adjusting the middle section limit screw 26 to make the blade unable to rotate around the Z axis; pre-pressing the molded surface pressing block 22 at the blade root; compressing the screw rod 25 at the leaf tip; compressing the profile pressure piece 22 at the blade root.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a take hat blade processing location clamping anchor clamps which characterized in that includes:
the blade pressing and positioning device comprises a positioning and supporting structure (10) for supporting and positioning a blade (40) to be processed, an upper pressing structure (20) for positioning and pressing the blade on the positioning and supporting structure (10), and a pressing and rotation preventing structure (30) for preventing the blade from rotating in the pressing process;
the positioning and supporting structure (10) is provided with a blade root positioning arc surface (101) which is used for being attached to a blade back profile of a blade root part of the blade, a blade tip positioning arc surface (102) which is used for being attached to a blade back profile of a blade tip part of the blade, a first positioning column (11) which is used for being in point contact and abutting contact with the blade back profile of the middle part of a blade body of the blade, and a second positioning column (12) which is used for being in point contact and abutting contact with an inner flow channel surface of the blade, wherein the blade root positioning arc surface (101) and the blade tip positioning arc surface (102) are used for supporting the blade and limiting the movement and rotation of the blade along an X axis in the width direction of a tenon of the blade and along a Y axis perpendicular tenon surface, and the first positioning column (11) and the second positioning column (12) are used for limiting the movement and rotation of the blade along a Z axis in the length direction of the blade body;
the upper pressing structure (20) is connected above the positioning support structure (10) so as to respectively push and press the blade at the blade root positioning arc surface (101), the blade tip positioning arc surface (102) and the first positioning column (11);
the pressing anti-rotation structure (30) is connected to the positioning support structure (10) and located on one side of the blade so as to press and limit the air inlet edge in the middle of the blade body of the blade.
2. The crown blade machining, positioning and clamping fixture as claimed in claim 1,
the positioning and supporting structure (10) further comprises a blade root positioning block (13) and a blade tip positioning block (14) which are oppositely arranged and connected, a blade root positioning support block (15) and a middle positioning support block (16) which are supported on the blade root positioning block (13), and a blade tip positioning support block (17) which is supported on the blade tip positioning block (14);
the top of the blade root positioning support block (15) is concave to form the blade root positioning arc surface (101), and the top of the blade tip positioning support block (17) is concave to form the blade tip positioning arc surface (102);
the first positioning column (11) is connected to the middle positioning support block (16), and the second positioning column (12) is connected to the blade root positioning support block (15).
3. The crown blade machining, positioning and clamping fixture as claimed in claim 2,
the blade tip positioning arc surface (102) is attached to the blade back profile part of the blade tip part.
4. The crown blade machining, positioning and clamping fixture as claimed in claim 2,
the connecting part of the blade root positioning block (13) and the blade tip positioning block (14) is provided with an inwards concave mounting groove (103);
the middle positioning support block (16) is arranged in the mounting groove (103), and the top of the middle positioning support block extends upwards out of the mounting groove (103);
compress tightly anti-rotating structure (30) relatively first locating column (11) set up in mounting groove (103), just compress tightly the spacing end of anti-rotating structure (30) and upwards stretch out the gas inlet edge at mounting groove (103) back butt blade body middle part.
5. The crown blade machining, positioning and clamping fixture as claimed in claim 4,
the pressing and rotation preventing structure (30) comprises a movable limiting block (31) arranged along the length direction of the mounting groove (103), a cylindrical pin (32) used for rotatably mounting the movable limiting block (31), a pressing screw (33) used for fixing the movable limiting block (31), and an elastic piece (34) used for pushing the movable limiting block (31) to act;
after the cylindrical pin (32) penetrates through the movable limiting block (31), two ends of the cylindrical pin are respectively embedded into the blade root positioning block (13) and the blade tip positioning block (14);
the compression screw (33) penetrates through the blade tip positioning block (14), and the end part of the compression screw is used for abutting against the fixed end of the movable limiting block (31);
the elastic piece (34) is vertically arranged in the blade root positioning block (13), and the top end of the elastic piece extends out of the blade root positioning block (13) and then abuts against the bottom of the movable limiting block (31), so that the limiting end of the movable limiting block (31) extends out of the mounting groove (103) and then abuts against the air inlet edge in the middle of the blade body.
6. The crown blade machining, positioning and clamping fixture as claimed in claim 2,
the upper compacting structure (20) comprises a hollow and cover-shaped compacting rooting piece (21), and the compacting rooting piece (21) is positioned above the positioning support structure (10) and is respectively connected with the blade root positioning block (13) and the blade tip positioning block (14);
and positioning surfaces which are respectively attached to and positioned on two side surfaces and an outer wall surface of the root positioning support block (15) and two side surfaces of the middle positioning support block (16) are arranged in the pressing rooting piece (21) so as to realize the quick installation of the pressing rooting piece (21).
7. The crown blade machining, positioning and clamping fixture as claimed in claim 6,
the upper pressing structure (20) further comprises a root pressing member arranged corresponding to the root positioning arc surface (101), a tip pressing member arranged corresponding to the tip positioning arc surface (102), and a middle pressing member arranged corresponding to the first positioning column (11), wherein the root pressing member, the tip pressing member and the middle pressing member are respectively connected into the pressing rooting part (21);
the blade root pressing component presses a blade basin profile at the blade root part of the blade corresponding to the blade root positioning cambered surface (101);
the blade tip pressing component presses a blade basin profile at the blade tip part corresponding to the blade tip positioning cambered surface (102);
the middle pressing component presses the exhaust edge in the middle of the blade body corresponding to the first positioning column (11).
8. The shroud blade machining positioning and clamping fixture of claim 7,
the blade root pressing component comprises a molded pressing block (22) used for pressing the blade downwards and a pushing screw (23) used for pushing the molded pressing block (22) to act;
the molded surface pressing block (22) is arranged in the pressing rooting piece (21) in a vertical sliding manner;
the pushing screw (23) is threaded in the installation top plate of the pressing rooting piece (21), the lower end of the pushing screw is used for pushing the molded surface pressing block (22) downwards, and the opposite upper end of the pushing screw penetrates out of the pressing rooting piece (21) upwards;
the middle pressing component comprises a limiting screw (26) which is arranged in the mounting top plate in a penetrating mode through threads, and the lower end of the limiting screw (26) is used for abutting against an exhaust edge in the middle of the blade body.
9. The shroud blade machining positioning and clamping fixture of claim 7,
the tip pressing component comprises an adaptive pressing block (24) used for pressing the blade downwards and a screw rod (25) used for pushing the adaptive pressing block (24) to act;
the screw rod (25) is threaded through the mounting top plate of the pressing rooting piece (21);
the self-adaptive pressing block (24) is movably arranged at the lower end of the screw rod (25) and is used for automatically adjusting the part which is abutted against the blade basin profile of the blade tip part.
10. The shroud blade machining positioning and clamping fixture of claim 9,
the top of the self-adaptive pressing block (24) is provided with an inwards concave mounting screw hole (241) and a movable unthreaded hole (242) communicated with the mounting screw hole (241), and the surface of the self-adaptive pressing block (24) abutted to the blade basin profile at the blade tip part is a spherical surface (243);
the outer circle of the upper end of the screw rod (25) is provided with a left-handed thread (251) in threaded connection with the mounting top plate, the outer circle of the lower end of the screw rod (25) is provided with an external thread matched with the thread of the mounting screw hole (241), the outer diameter of the middle part of the screw rod (25) is contracted inwards to form a thin shaft neck (252) which does not interfere with the mounting screw hole (241), and the end face of the lower end of the thread is an arc face (253).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111520539.6A CN114074293B (en) | 2021-12-13 | 2021-12-13 | Positioning and clamping fixture for processing shrouded blade |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111520539.6A CN114074293B (en) | 2021-12-13 | 2021-12-13 | Positioning and clamping fixture for processing shrouded blade |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114074293A true CN114074293A (en) | 2022-02-22 |
| CN114074293B CN114074293B (en) | 2022-10-18 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4507896A (en) * | 1982-11-30 | 1985-04-02 | Energy Adaptive Grinding, Inc. | Centerless grinding systems |
| JPS6239174A (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1987-02-20 | エナジ− − アダプテイブ グラインデイング インコ−ポレイテイツド | Grinding method and execution system thereof |
| US20010014281A1 (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-16 | Thk Co., Ltd. | Spindle device having turbine rotor |
| KR101875390B1 (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-07-06 | 박선근 | Device for grinding thomson knife angle |
| CN109648370A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-04-19 | 西安安泰叶片技术有限公司 | A kind of blade holder of novel hydraulic system |
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2021
- 2021-12-13 CN CN202111520539.6A patent/CN114074293B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4507896A (en) * | 1982-11-30 | 1985-04-02 | Energy Adaptive Grinding, Inc. | Centerless grinding systems |
| US4663892A (en) * | 1982-11-30 | 1987-05-12 | Energy Adaptive Grinding, Inc. | Force-controlled steadyrest system |
| JPS6239174A (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1987-02-20 | エナジ− − アダプテイブ グラインデイング インコ−ポレイテイツド | Grinding method and execution system thereof |
| US20010014281A1 (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-16 | Thk Co., Ltd. | Spindle device having turbine rotor |
| KR101875390B1 (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-07-06 | 박선근 | Device for grinding thomson knife angle |
| CN109648370A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-04-19 | 西安安泰叶片技术有限公司 | A kind of blade holder of novel hydraulic system |
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|---|---|
| CN114074293B (en) | 2022-10-18 |
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