CN114070703B - General method and system for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio - Google Patents
General method and system for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a general method and a system for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio based on a low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system, wherein the general method comprises the following steps: s1, performing de-modulation on a received signal to obtain a de-modulated received signal; s2, performing fast Fourier transform on the de-modulated received signal to obtain a frequency domain signal, and performing data movement on the frequency domain signal; s3, obtaining the maximum absolute value and the maximum position of the frequency domain signal after data movement; s4, calculating a coarse frequency offset estimation value according to the maximum value position; s5, calculating an offset value according to the maximum value position and the frequency domain signal after data movement; s6, calculating a fine frequency offset estimated value according to the offset value; s7, obtaining a total frequency offset value according to the coarse frequency offset estimation value and the fine frequency offset estimation value; s8, carrying out frequency offset tracking compensation on the received signal according to the total frequency offset value. The invention can realize the frequency offset estimation tracking and compensation of the small frequency offset signal under the low signal-to-noise ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication, in particular to a general method and a general system for frequency offset estimation tracking and compensation under low signal-to-noise ratio based on a low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system.
Background
Satellites can be classified into GEO (high orbit) satellites, MEO (medium orbit) satellites, LEO (low orbit) satellites according to orbital heights. High orbit (GEO) satellites possess unique advantages such as coverage area advantages, satellite networking advantages, satellite life advantages, etc. However, since the high-orbit satellites belong to strategic resources, the orbit resources thereof are quite intense, and thus it is very necessary to develop the medium-low orbit satellites. The medium-low orbit scheme provides a new space for the development of satellites, has rich medium-low orbit resources and can realize three-dimensional layout: multiple heights, multiple track surfaces. Besides the expansion of resources, the medium-low orbit satellite has the advantages that the communication time delay is far smaller than that of a large satellite with synchronous orbit and the development and emission cost of a single satellite is far lower than that of a large satellite with synchronous orbit, so that the new application field can be expanded, and the threshold of participating in commercial application is reduced.
Due to the advantages of low-orbit satellites, the low-orbit constellation system starts to be developed and deployed in the beginning of the 90 th century of 20 th century. Iridium of the Motorola design was first launched in 1997, and mobile communication service was formally provided in 1998, so that the iridium is the first large-scale low-orbit mobile satellite system in use in the world. Iridium is banned in 2000, however, due to excessive satellite manufacturing, transmission and operating costs, and inadequate market demands, but is subsequently purchased and continuously operated by the U.S. government. In 2014, with the progress of aerospace technology and the rise of commercial aerospace companies, the cost of low-orbit constellations is greatly reduced; in addition, the Internet era has a great amount of data requirements, new generation aerospace enterprises such as OneWed, spaceX are rushed into the low-orbit satellite market, the establishment of the Internet of the satellite is aimed, and the low-orbit constellation market is forcefully resuscitated. Iridium completes the deployment of a second generation system in 2019, estimated to be 25 hundred million dollars, the total emission of a new generation low-orbit constellation which completes registration worldwide at present is more than ten thousand, and the low-orbit satellite caters to the second industry surge.
In low orbit satellite and terminal communication, because of the high-speed relative motion, the received signal will have a changed doppler frequency offset due to the doppler effect, and the doppler frequency offset and its change rate will have a great influence on carrier acquisition, especially under low signal-to-noise ratio. When a satellite terminal transmits a reverse signal, frequency offset needs to be pre-compensated, and when the satellite receives the reverse signal, the reverse signal is a small frequency offset signal, so that frequency offset estimation tracking and compensation of the small frequency offset signal becomes a big bottleneck of reverse link demodulation of a low-orbit satellite under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a general method and a general system for frequency offset estimation tracking and compensation under a low signal-to-noise ratio based on a low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system, so as to realize the frequency offset estimation tracking and compensation of a small frequency offset signal under the low signal-to-noise ratio.
The invention provides a general method for frequency offset estimation tracking and compensation under low signal-to-noise ratio based on a low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing de-modulation on a received signal to obtain a de-modulated received signal;
s2, performing fast Fourier transform on the de-modulated received signal to obtain a frequency domain signal, and performing data movement on the frequency domain signal;
s3, obtaining the maximum absolute value and the maximum position of the frequency domain signal after data movement;
s4, calculating a coarse frequency offset estimation value according to the maximum value position;
s5, calculating an offset value according to the maximum value position and the frequency domain signal after data movement;
s6, calculating a fine frequency offset estimated value according to the offset value;
s7, obtaining a total frequency offset value according to the coarse frequency offset estimation value and the fine frequency offset estimation value;
s8, carrying out frequency offset tracking compensation on the received signal according to the total frequency offset value.
Further, in step S1, the method for demodulating the received signal includes:
(1) When pilot frequency exists for the reference waveform, the local sequence comprises the preamble, pilot frequency and postamble of the reference waveform; multiplying the received signal with the conjugate of the local sequence to obtain a de-modulated received signal;
(2) And when the reference waveform does not have pilot frequency, 4 times of processing is carried out on the received signal, and a de-modulated received signal is obtained.
Further, in step S4, the method for calculating the coarse frequency offset estimation value according to the maximum value position includes:
subtracting one half of the number of points for performing the fast Fourier transform from the value of the maximum position, subtracting 1, dividing the obtained result by the number of points for performing the fast Fourier transform, and multiplying the divided result by the symbol rate to obtain a product which is the coarse frequency offset estimated value delta f1.
Further, in step S5, the method for calculating the offset value according to the maximum value position and the frequency domain signal after the data movement is as follows:
squaring the frequency domain signal after data movement, obtaining energy of each point, and respectively taking out energy Ec at the maximum position, energy El at the left side of the maximum position and energy Er at the right side of the maximum position;
calculating a difference a=er-El;
calculating a difference b=2×ec-Er-El;
the offset value delta=0.5×a/B is calculated.
Further, in step S6, the method for calculating the fine frequency offset estimation value according to the offset value includes:
dividing the offset value delta by the number of points performing the fast fourier transform, the division result multiplying by the symbol rate:
(1) When pilot frequency exists for the reference waveform, the product of the obtained result multiplied by the symbol rate is the fine frequency offset estimated value delta f2;
(2) And when the reference waveform has no pilot frequency, dividing the product of the obtained result multiplied by the symbol rate by 4 to obtain a fine frequency offset estimation value delta f2.
Further, in step S7, the method for obtaining the total frequency offset value according to the coarse frequency offset estimation value and the fine frequency offset estimation value includes:
and adding the coarse frequency offset estimation value delta f1 and the fine frequency offset estimation value delta f2 to obtain a total frequency offset value delta f=delta f1+delta f2.
Further, in step S8, frequency offset tracking compensation is performed on the received signal according to the total frequency offset value:
calculating the length L of a received signal;
multiplying the received signal by e -j×2πΔf×[0:L-1] And carrying out frequency offset tracking compensation to obtain a received signal after the frequency offset tracking compensation.
The invention provides a general system for frequency offset estimation tracking and compensation under low signal-to-noise ratio based on a low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system, which comprises:
the demodulation module is used for demodulating the received signal to obtain a demodulated received signal;
the FFT module is used for carrying out fast Fourier transform on the received signals after demodulation to obtain frequency domain signals and carrying out data migration on the frequency domain signals;
the maximum value calculating module is used for calculating the absolute value maximum value and the maximum value position of the frequency domain signal after data movement;
the coarse frequency offset calculation module is used for calculating a coarse frequency offset estimation value according to the maximum value position;
the interpolation module is used for calculating an offset value according to the maximum value position and the frequency domain signal after data movement;
the fine frequency offset calculation module is used for calculating a fine frequency offset estimation value according to the offset value;
the total frequency offset calculation module is used for obtaining a total frequency offset value according to the coarse frequency offset estimation value and the fine frequency offset estimation value;
and the frequency offset tracking compensation module is used for carrying out frequency offset tracking compensation on the received signal according to the total frequency offset value.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention can realize the frequency offset estimation tracking and compensation of the small frequency offset signal under the low signal-to-noise ratio. And 20 reference waveforms can be processed simultaneously.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly describe the drawings in the embodiments, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a general method for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio based on a low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a general system for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation based on low signal-to-noise ratio of low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment proposes a general method for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio based on a low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system, which includes the following steps:
s1, performing de-modulation on a received signal to obtain a de-modulated received signal:
(1) When pilot frequency exists for the reference waveform, the local sequence comprises the preamble, pilot frequency and postamble of the reference waveform; multiplying the received signal with the conjugate of the local sequence to obtain a de-modulated received signal;
(2) And when the reference waveform does not have pilot frequency, 4 times of processing is carried out on the received signal, and a de-modulated received signal is obtained.
S2, performing fast Fourier transform on the de-modulated received signal to obtain a frequency domain signal, and performing data movement on the frequency domain signal:
(1) Performing 2048-point Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on data with burst length 536;
(2) A 4096-point Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is performed on data with burst length 1616.
The data moving means that the left half frequency domain data and the right half frequency domain data in the frequency domain data are exchanged, that is, the left half frequency domain data is moved to the right, and the right half frequency domain data is moved to the left, so that the negative frequency domain data is in front, and the positive frequency domain data is in back.
S3, obtaining the maximum absolute value and the maximum position of the frequency domain signal after data movement:
s4, calculating a coarse frequency offset estimation value according to the maximum value position:
subtracting one half of the number of points for performing the fast Fourier transform from the value of the maximum position, subtracting 1, dividing the obtained result by the number of points for performing the fast Fourier transform, and multiplying the divided result by the symbol rate to obtain a product which is the coarse frequency offset estimated value delta f1.
S5, calculating offset values according to the maximum value position and the frequency domain signals after data movement:
squaring the frequency domain signal after data movement, obtaining energy of each point, and respectively taking out energy Ec at the maximum position, energy El at the left side of the maximum position and energy Er at the right side of the maximum position;
calculating a difference a=er-El;
calculating a difference b=2×ec-Er-El;
the offset value delta=0.5×a/B is calculated.
S6, calculating a fine frequency offset estimated value according to the offset value:
dividing the offset value delta by the number of points performing the fast fourier transform, the division result multiplying by the symbol rate:
(1) When pilot frequency exists for the reference waveform, the product of the obtained result multiplied by the symbol rate is the fine frequency offset estimated value delta f2;
(2) And when the reference waveform has no pilot frequency, dividing the product of the obtained result multiplied by the symbol rate by 4 to obtain a fine frequency offset estimation value delta f2.
S7, obtaining a total frequency offset value according to the coarse frequency offset estimation value and the fine frequency offset estimation value:
and adding the coarse frequency offset estimation value delta f1 and the fine frequency offset estimation value delta f2 to obtain a total frequency offset value delta f=delta f1+delta f2.
S8, carrying out frequency offset tracking compensation on the received signal according to the total frequency offset value:
calculating the length L of a received signal;
multiplying the received signal by e -j×2πΔf×[0:L-1] And carrying out frequency offset tracking compensation to obtain a received signal after the frequency offset tracking compensation.
The physical frame burst packet based on the low orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system consists of a preamble, a postamble, a pilot frequency and data. There are burst packets of both 536 and 1616 lengths. The reference waveforms are 20 kinds as shown in table 1.
Table 1:
as can be seen from Table 1, the reference waveform 13 has a minimum signal-to-noise ratio of-0.8 dB, and the minimum operating signal-to-noise ratio of the frequency offset tracking is-2.8 dB, taking into account the 2dB margin. The general method for tracking and compensating the frequency offset estimation under the low signal-to-noise ratio can process 20 reference waveforms simultaneously.
Example 2
Based on the general method for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio of the low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system proposed in the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, the general system for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio of the low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system is realized in the embodiment, and comprises:
the demodulation module is used for demodulating the received signal to obtain a demodulated received signal;
the FFT module is used for carrying out fast Fourier transform on the received signals after demodulation to obtain frequency domain signals and carrying out data migration on the frequency domain signals;
the maximum value calculating module is used for calculating the absolute value maximum value and the maximum value position of the frequency domain signal after data movement;
the coarse frequency offset calculation module is used for calculating a coarse frequency offset estimation value according to the maximum value position;
the interpolation module is used for calculating an offset value according to the maximum value position and the frequency domain signal after data movement;
the fine frequency offset calculation module is used for calculating a fine frequency offset estimation value according to the offset value;
the total frequency offset calculation module is used for obtaining a total frequency offset value according to the coarse frequency offset estimation value and the fine frequency offset estimation value;
and the frequency offset tracking compensation module is used for carrying out frequency offset tracking compensation on the received signal according to the total frequency offset value.
The above-mentioned functional modules in the general system are executed with reference to the procedure of embodiment 1, and are not described herein.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The general method for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio based on a low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing de-modulation on a received signal to obtain a de-modulated received signal;
s2, performing fast Fourier transform on the de-modulated received signal to obtain a frequency domain signal, and performing data movement on the frequency domain signal; the data moving means that left half frequency domain data and right half frequency domain data in the frequency domain data are exchanged;
s3, obtaining the maximum absolute value and the maximum position of the frequency domain signal after data movement;
s4, calculating a coarse frequency offset estimation value according to the maximum value position;
s5, calculating an offset value according to the maximum value position and the frequency domain signal after data movement;
s6, calculating a fine frequency offset estimated value according to the offset value;
s7, obtaining a total frequency offset value according to the coarse frequency offset estimation value and the fine frequency offset estimation value;
s8, carrying out frequency offset tracking compensation on the received signal according to the total frequency offset value.
2. The general method for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio based on low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system according to claim 1, wherein the method for de-modulating the received signal in step S1 is as follows:
(1) When pilot frequency exists for the reference waveform, the local sequence comprises the preamble, pilot frequency and postamble of the reference waveform; multiplying the received signal with the conjugate of the local sequence to obtain a de-modulated received signal;
(2) And when the reference waveform does not have pilot frequency, 4 times of processing is carried out on the received signal, and a de-modulated received signal is obtained.
3. The general method for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio based on low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system according to claim 2, wherein the method for calculating the coarse frequency offset estimation value according to the maximum value position in step S4 is as follows:
subtracting one half of the number of points for performing the fast Fourier transform from the value of the maximum position, subtracting 1, dividing the obtained result by the number of points for performing the fast Fourier transform, and multiplying the divided result by the symbol rate to obtain a product which is the coarse frequency offset estimated value delta f1.
4. The general method for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation in low signal to noise ratio based on low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system according to claim 3, wherein the method for calculating offset value according to the maximum position and the frequency domain signal after data movement in step S5 is as follows:
squaring the frequency domain signal after data movement, obtaining energy of each point, and respectively taking out energy Ec at the maximum position, energy El at the left side of the maximum position and energy Er at the right side of the maximum position;
calculating a difference a=er-El;
calculating a difference b=2×ec-Er-El;
the offset value delta=0.5×a/B is calculated.
5. The general method for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation in low signal to noise ratio based on low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system according to claim 4, wherein the method for calculating the fine frequency offset estimation value according to the offset value in step S6 is as follows:
dividing the offset value delta by the number of points performing the fast fourier transform, the division result multiplying by the symbol rate:
(1) When pilot frequency exists for the reference waveform, the product of the obtained result multiplied by the symbol rate is the fine frequency offset estimated value delta f2;
(2) And when the reference waveform has no pilot frequency, dividing the product of the obtained result multiplied by the symbol rate by 4 to obtain a fine frequency offset estimation value delta f2.
6. The general method for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation based on low signal to noise ratio of low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system according to claim 5, wherein the method for obtaining the total frequency offset value according to the coarse frequency offset estimation value and the fine frequency offset estimation value in step S7 is as follows:
and adding the coarse frequency offset estimation value delta f1 and the fine frequency offset estimation value delta f2 to obtain a total frequency offset value delta f=delta f1+delta f2.
7. The general method for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation based on low signal-to-noise ratio of low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system according to claim 6, wherein in step S8, frequency offset tracking compensation is performed on the received signal according to the total frequency offset value:
calculating the length L of a received signal;
multiplying the received signal by e -j×2πΔf×[0:L-1] And carrying out frequency offset tracking compensation to obtain a received signal after the frequency offset tracking compensation.
8. A universal system for tracking and compensating frequency offset estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio based on a low-orbit satellite DVB-RCS2 system, comprising:
the demodulation module is used for demodulating the received signal to obtain a demodulated received signal;
the FFT module is used for carrying out fast Fourier transform on the received signals after demodulation to obtain frequency domain signals and carrying out data migration on the frequency domain signals; the data moving means that left half frequency domain data and right half frequency domain data in the frequency domain data are exchanged;
the maximum value calculating module is used for calculating the absolute value maximum value and the maximum value position of the frequency domain signal after data movement;
the coarse frequency offset calculation module is used for calculating a coarse frequency offset estimation value according to the maximum value position;
the interpolation module is used for calculating an offset value according to the maximum value position and the frequency domain signal after data movement;
the fine frequency offset calculation module is used for calculating a fine frequency offset estimation value according to the offset value;
the total frequency offset calculation module is used for obtaining a total frequency offset value according to the coarse frequency offset estimation value and the fine frequency offset estimation value;
and the frequency offset tracking compensation module is used for carrying out frequency offset tracking compensation on the received signal according to the total frequency offset value.
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